WO1994001436A1 - Dioxcyclobutene derivatives as angiotensin ii antagonists - Google Patents

Dioxcyclobutene derivatives as angiotensin ii antagonists Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994001436A1
WO1994001436A1 PCT/EP1993/001774 EP9301774W WO9401436A1 WO 1994001436 A1 WO1994001436 A1 WO 1994001436A1 EP 9301774 W EP9301774 W EP 9301774W WO 9401436 A1 WO9401436 A1 WO 9401436A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alkyl
formula
group
hydrogen
fluoro
Prior art date
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PCT/EP1993/001774
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Alan Martin Birch
Robert William Steele
Barbara Winifred Hitchin
John Paul Watts
Original Assignee
The Boots Company Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB929214690A external-priority patent/GB9214690D0/en
Priority claimed from GB929218449A external-priority patent/GB9218449D0/en
Priority claimed from GB929218849A external-priority patent/GB9218849D0/en
Priority claimed from GB929218848A external-priority patent/GB9218848D0/en
Application filed by The Boots Company Plc filed Critical The Boots Company Plc
Priority to US08/362,492 priority Critical patent/US5627191A/en
Priority to JP6502961A priority patent/JPH07508740A/en
Priority to PL93307127A priority patent/PL307127A1/en
Priority to DE69321471T priority patent/DE69321471T2/en
Priority to EP93915838A priority patent/EP0649424B1/en
Priority to SK28-95A priority patent/SK2895A3/en
Priority to AU45658/93A priority patent/AU673183B2/en
Publication of WO1994001436A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994001436A1/en
Priority to NO950082A priority patent/NO950082L/en
Priority to BG99337A priority patent/BG99337A/en
Priority to FI950089A priority patent/FI950089A/en
Priority to KR96700091A priority patent/KR0137885B1/en

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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to novel therapeutic agents and, in particular, to novel substituted cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-diones, to processes for their preparation, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their therapeutic activity in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
  • Angiotensin II is a key mediator of the reninangiotensin system. It is known that angiotensin II is an arterial vasconstrictor that exerts its action by interacting with specific receptors on cell membranes. Recently, several non-peptide compounds have been reported as angiotensin II antagonists and as useful antihypertensive agents.
  • the present invention provides compounds of formula I
  • R 50 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl
  • a 51 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR 52 - wherein R 52 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl
  • a 50 comprises i) a mono or bicyclic aromatic ring optionally containing one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms, ii) a cycloalkendiyl group, iii) an acyclic bridging group having a chain of one, two or three atoms between the cyclobutenedione group and X 50 , said chain being a chain of one or two carbon atoms or a chain of one carbon atom and one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms or iv) a bond;
  • X 50 is either a bond or a spacer group providing a chain between A 50 and B 50 of one or two atoms length;
  • B 50 is a mono or bicyclic aromatic ring optionally containing one or more nitrogen, oxygen or
  • a 50 is a group selected from the groups represented by (i) to (xii) below (wherein in each case Z 50 is bond to X 50 and the other free valency is connected to the cyclobutenedione group).
  • R 70 and R 71 are each independently hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl (optionally substituted by halo, C 3 -8 cycloalkyl or phenyl), C 3-12 cycloalkyl or phenyl (both optionally substituted by halo, C 1-6 alkyl or C 1-6 alkoxy) or R 70 and R 71 together complete a 3 to 7 membered carbocycle (optionally substituted by one or two C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, phenyl, hydroxy or halo groups); wherein A 60 is nitrogen or methine; A 6 1 is imino, oxygen or sulphur and either R 80 and
  • R 81 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, cyano, alkyl, C 2-10 (preferably C 2-4 ) alkenyl, alkylthio, mono-, di- or trihalo- (C 1-6 alkyl), hydroxyalkyl, oxoalkyl, carboxy or esterif ied carboxy , or , when R 8 0 and R 81 are on adjacent carbon atoms, R 80 and R 81 together may be 1,3-butadienylene thereby completing a fused aromatic ring;
  • R 90 to R 97 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C 1-4 alkylamino, di(C 1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula -SO 2 NHR 98 (wherein R 98 is hydrogen, C 1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl);
  • -A 70 -A 71 -A 72 -A 73 - is a group of formula -NC (R 10 0 ) C (R 101 ) C (R 102 ) - ,
  • R 100 to R 102 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C 1-4 alkylamino, di(C 1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula SO 2 NHR 104
  • R 104 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, arylmethyl or a group of formula -CH 2 OC(O)CH 3 ) or, when two of R 100 , R 101 and R 102 are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms, they may be joined to form a fused phenyl or naphthyl ring; and
  • R 103 is hydrogen, C 1-4 alkyl, phenyl or phenylmethyl (in which the phenyl or phenylmethyl is optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from halo, fluoro, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, amino, C 1-4 alkylamino, di(C 1-4 alkyl) amino or a group of formula -CO 2 R 104 (wherein R 104 is as defined above));
  • -A 80 -A 81 -A 82 -A 83 - is a group of formula -Y 50 -C (R 110 ) C (R 1 11 ) C (Z 52 ) - ,
  • a 90 is a bond, oxygen, sulphur, sulphinyl, sulphonyl, methylene or a group of the formula -NR 122 - (wherein R 122 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, aryl (C2 --7) alkylcarbonyl, ( C 1 - 6 ) a l k y l c a r b o n y l , [(C 2-5 ) alkenyl]methylene, [(C 2-5 ) alkynyl] methylene or arylmethylene); and R 120 and R 121 are each independently hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl (optionally substituted with aryl or C 3-7 cycloalkyl), aryl (optionally substituted with up to five substituents selected from halo, fluoro, C 1-6 alkyl, (C 2-5 alkenyl) methylene, (C 2-5 alkynyl)methylene, C 1-5
  • R 130 , R 131 and R 132 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C 1-4 alkylamino, di(C 1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula -SO 2 NHR 133 (wherein R 133 is hydrogen, C 1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl);
  • R 140 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl (meaning phenyl optionally substituted with halo, fluoro, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, hydroxy, alkanoyl, nitro, amino, dialkylamino, trifluoromethyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl or arylalkyl);
  • a 100 is nitrogen (when the dotted line represents a bond) or nitrogen substituted with a group selected independently from the list provided to define R 140 (when the dotted line is not a bond); and
  • R 141 and R 142 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C 1-4 alkylamino, di(C 1 -4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy or a group of formula -SO 2 NHR 143 (wherein R 143 is hydrogen, C 1-5 alkyl or arylmethylene);
  • R 150 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, a group of formula Y 60 wherein Y 60 is phenyl or 1- or 2-naphthyl (each optionally substituted by methyl, methoxy, hydroxy, bromo, chloro, fluoro, nitro, amino, diethylamino, methylthio or sulphydryl), a group of formula C 1-6 alkylY 60 - (wherein Y 60 is as defined above), a group of formula Y 61 (wherein Y 61 is a 5- or 6-membered ring or 8-, 9- or 10-membered bicyclic system containing one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur (including but not limited to pyrrole, imidazole, thiophene, furan, pyridine, thiazole, indole, morpholine and isoquinoline)) optionally substituted by halo, fluoro, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6
  • a 111 is oxygen, sulphur, imino or methylene; and if A 111 is oxygen, sulphur or imino, then A 110 is a group of formula -CR 160 R 161 - and if A 111 is methylene, then A 110 is either nitrogen or a group of formula -CR 160 R 161 - wherein R 160 and R 161 are each independently hydrogen, C 1-10 alkyl, C 3-10 alkenyl, C 3-10 alkynyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, C 4-10 cycloalkylalkyl, C 5-10 cycloalkylalkenyl, C 5-10 cycloalkylalkynyl or aryl optionally substituted with one or two of halo, C 1-4 alkyl or C 1-4 alkoxy;
  • R 171 is hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C 1-4 alkyl or C 1-4 alkoxy; and R 170 is hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, nitro, C 1-4 acyloxy, carboxy (optionally esterified), phenyl, furyl or a group of formula -NHSO 2 Me, -NHSO 2 CF 3 , -SO 2 NH 2 or -CONHR 172 (wherein R 172 is hydrogen, methyl or benzyl).
  • X 50 when X 50 is a spacer group it is carbonyl, oxygen, sulphur, vinylene, dif luorovinylene, monofluorovinylene, ethylene, perfluoroethylene, oxymethylene, thiomethylene, or a group of formula -NR 53 -, -CONR 54 -, -NR 54 CO-, -NHCR 55 R 56 -, -NR 55 SO 2 -, -SO 2 NR 55 -.
  • R 56 NH-, -CH(OR 57 )-, -CH(OCOR 58 )-, or -C(NR 59 )-
  • R 53 is hydrogen, C 2-4 acyl, C 1-6 alkyl, allyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl
  • R 54 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl
  • R 55 is hydrogen, C 1-5 alkyl, phenyl or benzyl
  • R 56 is hydrogen or C 1-14 alkyl
  • R 57 is hydrogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 1-8 perfluoroalkyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl
  • R 58 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl
  • R 59 is a group of formula -NR 55 R 56 , -OR 56 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHC(S
  • B 50 is a group selected from the groups represented by xv to xxii below (wherein in each case Z 51 is a bond to X 50 and the other free valency is connected to the - (CH 2 ) r -H-t group)
  • R 180 is hydrogen, halo, (preferably bromo), fluoro, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 1-6 fluoroalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, formyl, carboxy or a group of the formula -COR 183 (wherein R 183 represents C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 1-6 alkoxy or a group of formula -NR 184 R 185 , (wherein R 184 and R 185 are each independently hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl or together form a saturated heterocyclic ring having 5 or 6 ring members and optionally comprising in the ring one oxygen atom)); R 181 and R 182 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C 1-4 alkylamino, di(C 1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula -SO 2 NHR 191 (wherein R 191
  • a 120 is oxygen, sulphur, or a group of formula -NR 186 - ⁇ wherein R 186 is hydrogen or a group selected from C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-6 alkenyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, or a group of formula -COR 187 or -SO 2 R 188 [wherein R 187 and R 188 are each C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 1-6 alkoxy or a group of formula -NR 189 R 190 (wherein R 189 and R 190 , which may be the same or different, each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C 1-4 alkyl group or together complete a saturated heterocyclic ring having 5 or 6 ring members and optionally comprising in the ring one oxygen atom)] ⁇ and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
  • R 200 and R 201 are each independently selected from the list provided to define R 180 above and R 202 and
  • R 203 are each independently selected from the list provided to define R 181 above and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
  • R 210 , R 211 and R 212 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 acyloxy, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, C 1- 6 alkoxy, hydroxy-C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkylthio, C 1-4 alkylsulphinyl, C 1-4 alkylsulphonyl, trifluoromethyl, aryl, furyl or a group of formula -NHSO 2 R 213 , -SO 2 NHR 213 or -NR 213 R 214 wherein R 213 and R 214 are each independently hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, benzyl or phenyl or, when R 210 and R 211 are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms, they may together complete a fused aromatic ring; and A 130 is carbonyl, methylene, or a group of formula -CH(CO 2 C 1-4 alkyl) -, -CH(CO 2 H)
  • R 222 and R 223 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, alkyl, haloalkyl; C 3-7 cycloalkyl or arylalkyl (wherein aryl is phenyl optionally substituted with halo, fluoro, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, hydroxy, alkanoyl, nitro, amino, trifluoromethyl, alkylamino or dialkylamino) or a group of formula -COR 224 (wherein R 224 is hydrogen, C 1- 6 alkyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl or a group of formula -OR 225 or -NR 226 R 227 wherein R 225 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl or a 5 to 7 membered carbocyclic ring which may have another 5 to 7 membered carbocyclic ring fused thereto and R 226 and R 227 are
  • a 150 and A 151 are each independently oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR 232 - or -CR 232 R 233 - wherein R 232 and R 233 are each independently hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
  • R 240 to R 243 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 perfluoroalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy or C 1-6 alkoxyalkyl; or
  • r is 1.
  • Het is a group of any of the following formulae, in which in each case the symbols are as defined in the corresponding patent publication (s) identified in brackets. Preferred and/or specific heterocycles are as identified in said corresponding patent publication(s):
  • Het comprises a heterocyclic group, that is a group comprising a closed organic ring system which ring system contains one or more oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur atoms.
  • Het comprises a stable 5- to 7-membered monocyclic or 7- to 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic ring which is either saturated or unsaturated, and which consists of carbon atoms and up to five, preferably up to three nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulphur atoms (wherein any nitrogen atom may optionally be quaternized), and including any bicyclic group in which any of the above-defined mono-heterocyclic rings is fused to a benzene ring, and wherein the ring is optionally substituted.
  • heterocyclic groups include (but are not limited to): thienyl, furyl, pyranyl, chromenyl, xanthenyl, pyrrolyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolizinyl, isoindolyl, 3H-indolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolizinyl, quinolyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyr idinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, pteridinyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, furazanyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, oxazolyl, triazolyl and tetrazolyl and any iso
  • Heterocyclic groups of the present invention also include fused rings based on any combination of up to three of the foregoing and/or benzene or naphthalene.
  • Preferred heterocycles are based on benzimidazole and imidazopyridine.
  • Groups of formula i, ii, iii, iv, v, vi, vii, viii, ix, x, xi and xii are disclosed in a) EP-A-0513533
  • R 260 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl and R 261 , R 262 and R 263 are each independently hydrogen, C 1-4 alkyl, nitro, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, formyl or a group of the formula -SO n R 264 , -SO 2 NR 265 R 266 or -COR 267
  • R 264 , R 265 and R 266 are each independently hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl, n is 1 or 2 and R 267 is C 1-4 alkyl or a group of formula -OR 268 or -NR 269 R 270 wherein
  • R 268 , R 269 and R 270 are each independently hydrogen or C 1 -8 alkyl); wherein R 280 i s hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl ; R 281 is hydrogen , chl oro , f luor ina t ed ( pre f erab ly perfluorinated) C 1 -2 alkyl (preferably trif luoromethyl or pentafluoroethyl ) , aryl C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkylsulphinyl, C 1-4 alkylsulphonyl, C 1-4 alkylthio, arylsulphinyl, arylsulphonyl, arylthio, arylmethyl sulphinyl, ary lmethylsulphonyl or arylmethylthio (wherein "aryl” denotes phenyl or 1- or 2-naphthyl each optionally substituted by C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4
  • R 290 is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl and either R 291 and R 292 are each independently hydrogen, C 1-4 alkyl or phenyl (optionally substituted with C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, fluoro, chloro or bromo) or R 291 and R 292 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C 3-6 spirocycloalkyl ring; or
  • a 180 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR 302 - wherein R 302 is C 1-6 alkyl, A 181 is nitrogen or methine, R 300 is hydrogen, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkylthio or aryl C 1-4 alkyl (wherein "aryl” denotes phenyl, optionally substituted by C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy or fluoro, chloro or bromo) and R 301 is hydrogen, carboxy, carbamoyl or a group of formula -C(O)NR 303 R 304 (wherein R 303 and R 304 are each independently C 1-4 alkyl or hydroxy-substituted C 1-4 alkyl or C 1-4 alkyl).
  • R 260 is ethyl
  • R 262 is hydrogen and R 261 and R 263 are both methyl.
  • R 280 is butyl and R 281 is chloro.
  • R 2 90 is butyl and R 291 and R 292 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a spirocyclopentane ring.
  • a 180 is a group of formula -NBu-, R300 is hydrogen, and R 301 is carboxy.
  • a 50 is a group of formula (iii) above, X 50 is a bond, B 50 is a group of formula (xxi) above and Het is a heterocyclic ring as defined above.
  • Preferred compounds of formula I are compounds of formula II
  • R 310 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl
  • a 190 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR 319 - wherein R 319 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl;
  • R 311 , R 312 R 313 and R 314 are each independently hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, nitro, cyano, carboxy, C 2-4 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1-4 alkylthio, C 1-4 alkylsulphinyl, C 1-4 alkylsulphonyl, phenyl (optionally substituted by C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, fluoro, chloro or bromo), C 1-4 alkylsulphonylamino or C 1-6 alkylaminosulphonyl;
  • R 315 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl;
  • R 316 , R 317 and R 318 are each independently hydrogen, C 1-4 alkyl, nitro, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, formyl or a group of the formula -SO g R 320 , -SO 2 NR 321 R 322 or -COR 323 (wherein R 320 , R 321 , R 322 are each independently hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl, g is 1 or 2 and R 323 is C 1-4 alkyl or a group of the formula -OR 324 or -NR 325 R 326 wherein R 324 , R 325 and R 326 are each independently hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • a 190 , R 310 , R 315 , R 316 , R 317 and R 318 are each as defined above; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • a 190 is oxygen and R 310 is hydrogen.
  • Further preferred compounds of formula I are represented by formula V
  • R 330 is C 2-10 alkyl, C 3-10 alkenyl or a group of formula - (CH 2 ) h C 3-6 cycloalkyl, or - (CH 2 ) h phenyl, wherein h is 0 or an integer from 1 to 8 (optionally substituted by up to three of C 1-6 alkyl, nitro, cyano, halo, fluoro, C 1-3 perfluoroalkyl, C 1-3 perfluoroalkylsulphonyl, C 1-6 alkylsulphonyl, C 1-6 alkylthio, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkoxy, or a group of formula -NR 334 R 335 , -CO 2 R 334 , -CONR 334 R 335 , -PO(OR 334 ) 2 , -NR 334 CHO,
  • a 200 is a bond, sulphur or oxygen
  • R 331 is hydrogen, halo, fluoro, formyl, nitro, C 1-3 perfluoroalkyl, cyano, C 1-6 alkyl, phenyl, hydroxymethyl, or a group of formula -CO 2 R 338 , -CONR 338 R 339 or -NR 338 R 339 (wherein R 338 and R 339 are each independently hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl);
  • n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4;
  • B 60 is 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-naphthylene, or 2,5-pyridylene, optionally substituted with one or more of halo, fluoro, C 1-4 alkyl, nitro, hydroxy, C 1-4 alkoxy, C 1-4 alkylsulphonyl, C 1- 3 perfluoroalkyl, nitrile, or a group of formula -SO 2 NHR 388 , -NHSO 2 R 338 or -CONR 338 R 339 (wherein R 338 and R 339 are each as defined above);
  • a 201 is oxygen, sulphur, or a group of formula -NR 337 - (wherein R 337 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl);
  • R 333 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl; and R 332 is a group selected from the groups represented by xxx to xxxiii below:
  • R 340 and R 341 are each independently hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl or a group of formula phenyl-Y 70 -, biphenyl-Y 70 -, naphthyl-Y 70 -, thienyl-Y 70 -, furyl-Y 70 -, pyridyl-Y 70 -, pyrazolyl-Y 70 -, imidazolyl-Y 70 -, pyrrolyl-Y 70 -, triazolyl-Y 70 -, oxazolyl-Y 70 -, isoxazolyl-Y 70 -, thiazolyl -Y 70 -, or tetrazolyl-Y 70 -, with each aryl or heteroaryl group optionally substituted by hydroxy, nitro, C 1-3 perfluoroalkyl, C 1-3 perfluoroalkylsulphonyl, C 1-6 alkylthio, C 1-6 alkyls
  • R 350 and R 351 are each independently hydrogen or C 1 -6 alkyl;
  • R 352 is hydrogen, C 1-4 alkyl, or a group of formula thienylY 80 -, furyl-Y 80 -, pyrazolyl-Y 80 -, imidazolylY 80 thiazolyl -Y 80 pyridyl-Y 80 -, tetrazolyl-Y 80 - pyrrolyl-Y 80 - triazolyl-Y 80 -, oxazolyl-Y 80 - isoxazolyl-Y 80 - or phenyl-Y 8Q - (wherein Y 80 is a bond or C 1-6 alkylene) with each aryl or heteroaryl group optionally substituted by C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, C 1-4 perfluoroalkyl, C 1 -6 alkylthio, C 1 - 6 a l ky l s u l ph ony
  • R 354 COR 356, or -NR 354 COC 1-6 alkyl wherein R 354 and R 355 are each independently hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl and R 356 is C 1-4 perfluoroalkyl
  • R 353 is a group of formula -CO 2 R 358 , -CONR 358 R 357 , or tetrazol-5-yl (wherein R 357 and R 358 are each hydrogen or
  • n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5;
  • R 360 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-6 alkenyl, C 1 - 5 alkylcarbonyl, or a group of formula -(CH 2 ) 0-3 phenyl;
  • R 362 is a group of formula -CO 2 R 364 ,
  • R 364 and R 365 are each independently hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl) or tetrazol-5-yl ;
  • n and p are each independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 4.
  • R 363 is phenyl, naphthyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, or isoxazolyl, with each aryl or heteroaryl group optionally substituted by C 1- 6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, halo, fluoro, hydroxy, nitro C 1-4 perfluoroalkyl C 1-6 alkylsulphonyl, C 1-4 perfluoroalkylsulphonyl,
  • R 366 and R 367 are each independently hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl); wherein R 370 is a group of formula -CO 2 R 373 , CONR 373 R 374 , or tetrazol-5-yl; A 210 is a hond or a carbonyl group; R 371 is hydrogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenyl C 1-4 alkylene or biphenyl or biphenyl C 1-3 alkylene wherein each phenyl group is optionally substituted by up to three substituents selected from C 1-6 alkyl, nitro, halo, fluoro, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, or a group of formula -NR 375 R 376 , -CO 2 R 376 , or -CONR 375 R 376 (wherein R 372 and R 376 are each independently hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl); R 372 is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl; R 373 and R
  • B 60 is 1,4-phenylene, optionally substituted as in the definition above.
  • Preferred compounds of formula V are represented by formula VI:
  • R 330 , A 200 , R 331 , R 332 , A 201 and R 333 are each as defined above, and R 400 and R 401 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C 1-4 alkyl, nitro, hydroxy, C 1-4 alkoxy, C 1-4 alkylsulphonyl, C 1 - 3 perfluoroalkyl, nitrilo oorr aa group of formula -SO 2 NHR 402 , -NHSO 2 R 402 or CONR 402 R 403 (wherein R 402 and R 403 are each hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl); and the other substituents are each as defined above.
  • alkyl alkenyl
  • alkynyl straight or branched radicals having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and more preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • aryl denotes phenyl or naphthyl, optionally substituted with halo, fluoro, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, C 1 - 4 alkylthio, hydroxy, amino, di(C 1-4 alkyl) amino, carboxy or carboxy esterified with C 1-4 alkyl.
  • heteroaryl denotes a five or six membered aromatic ring containing up to 3 of oxygen, nitrogen and/or sulphur and optionally substituted by hydroxy, sulphydryl, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, halo, fluoro, nitro, carboxy, carboxy esterified with C 1-4 alkyl, amino, C 1-4 alkylamino or di(C 1-4 alkyl) amino.
  • a group containing a chain of 3 or more carbon atoms may be straight or branched, for example, propyl includes n-propyl and isopropyl and butyl includes n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl.
  • halo as used herein signifies bromo, chloro or iodo.
  • the present invention also provides compounds of formula I to VI wherein A 51 A 190 and A 201 are each oxygen modified in that R 50 , R 310 and R 333 are each a group capable of being hydrolysed in vivo to leave compounds of formula I to VI wherein R 50 , R 310 and R 333 are hydrogen, such groups including groups of formula xxxv
  • R 410 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl and R 411 is C 1-4 alkyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl; those of formula xxxvi
  • R 412 and R 413 are each independently hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl; and those of formula xxxvii
  • R 414 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl.
  • references below to 'compounds of formula I to VI' include, where appropriate, such 'prodrugs' of compounds of formula I to VI.
  • Compounds of formula I to VI may form salts with acids or bases.
  • Reference hereinafter to compounds of formula I to VI includes all such salts of compounds of formula I to VI which are pharmaceutically acceptable.
  • Particularly suitable salts of compounds of formula I to VI include, for example, alkali metal salts (such as sodium and potassium salts), alkaline earth metal salts (such as magnesium and calcium salts), aluminium and ammonium salts, salts with suitable organic bases such as alkylamines, N-methyl-D-glucamine and salts with amino acids such as arginine and lysine.
  • salts with inorganic acids for example hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulphates and phosphates, and salts with organic acids, for example maleates andfumarates.
  • Such methods typically include resolution via formation of diastereoisomeric salts or complexes which may be separated, for example, by crystallisation; formation of diastereoisomeric derivatives which may be separated, for example, by crystallisation, gas-liquid or liquid chromatography; selective derivatisation of one enantiomer by reaction with an enantiomer-specific reagent, for example enzymatic oxidation or reduction; or gas-liquid or liquid chromatography in a chiral environment, for example on a chiral support or in the presence of a chiral solvent.
  • specific enantiomers may be synthesised by asymmetric synthesis using optically active reagents, substrates, catalysts or solvents, or converting one enantiomer into the other by asymmetric transformation.
  • the present invention includes each enantiomer of compounds of formula I to VI and mixtures thereof. When a compound of formula I to VI contains more than one chiral centre it may exist in diastereoisomeric forms. The diastereoisomers may be separated by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example chromatography or crystallisation.
  • the present invention includes each diastereoisomer of compounds of formula I to VI and mixtures thereof . It will be appreciated that where the active moiety is transformed by the separation procedures described above, a further step is required to convert the product to the active moiety.
  • Certain compounds of formula I to VI or their salts may exist in more than one crystal form and the present invention includes each crystal form and mixtures thereof.
  • Certain compounds of formula I to VI may exist in zwitterionic form and the present invention includes each zwitterionic form and mixtures thereof.
  • compositions of formula I to VI or their salts may also exist in the form of solvates, for example hydrates, and the present invention includes each solvate and mixtures thereof.
  • the present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions which comprise a compound of formula I to VI or salts thereof together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier.
  • Specific compounds which may be incorporated into the compositions of this invention are the novel compounds disclosed above.
  • the term "active compound” denotes a compound of formula I to VI, preferably formula II.
  • the active compound may be administered orally, rectally, parenterally or topically, preferably orally.
  • the therapeutic compositions of the present invention may take the form of any of the known pharmaceutical compositions for oral, rectal, parenteral or topical administration.
  • compositions may be formulated in a manner known to those skilled in the art so as to give a controlled release of the compounds of the present invention.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers suitable for use in such compositions are well known in the art of pharmacy.
  • the compositions of the invention suitably contain 0.1-90% by weight of active compound.
  • the compositions of the invention are generally prepared in unit dosage form.
  • compositions for oral administration are the preferred compositions of the invention and these are the known pharmaceutical forms for such administration, for example tablets, capsules, syrups and aqueous or oily suspensions.
  • the excipients used in the preparation of these compositions are the excipients known in the pharmacists' art.
  • Tablets may be prepared by mixing the active compound with an inert diluent, such as lactose or calcium phosphate, in the presence of disintegrating agents, for example maize starch, and lubricating agents, for example magnesium stearate, and tableting the mixture by known methods.
  • Such tablets may if desired be provided with enteric coatings by known methods, for example by the use of cellulose acetate phthalate.
  • capsules for example hard or soft gelatin capsules containing the active compound with or without added excipients, may be prepared by conventional means and, if desired, provided with enteric coatings in a known manner.
  • Enteric coated compositions of the invention may be advantageous, depending on the nature of the active compound.
  • the tablets and capsules may conveniently each contain 1-500 mg of the active compound.
  • Other compositions for oral administration include, for example, aqueous suspensions containing the compound of formula I to VI in an aqueous medium in the presence of a non-toxic suspending agent such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and oily suspensions containing a compound of the present invention in a suitable vegetable oil, for example arachis oil.
  • Compositions of the invention suitable for rectal administration are the known pharmaceutical forms for such adminstration, for example suppositories with semisynthetic glycerides or polyethylene glycol bases.
  • compositions of the invention suitable for parenteral administration are the known pharmaceutical forms for such administration, for example sterile suspensions in aqueous and oily media or sterile solutions in a suitable solvent.
  • compositions for topical administration may comprise a matrix in which the active compound is dispersed so that it is held in contact with the skin in order to administer the compound of formula I to VI transdermally.
  • the active compound may be dispersed in a cream or ointment base.
  • the active compound may, if desired, be associated with other compatible pharmacologically active ingredients, for example a ⁇ -adrenoceptor antagonist such as atenolol, propranolol, oxprenolol, nadolol or timolol, and/or a diuretic such as bendrofluazide, ethacrynic acid or frusemide, and/or an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor such as captopril or enalapril, and/or vasodilators such as hydralazine hydrochloride, flosequinan, sodium nitroprusside, glyceryl trinitrate or molsidomine, and/or potassium channel activators such as lemakalim or pinacidil, and/or an ⁇ -adrenoceptor antagonist such as prazosin or labetalol, and/or other hypotensives such as clonidine,
  • compounds of formula I to VI have been demonstrated by means of tests on standard laboratory animals. Such tests include, for example, the oral administration of the compounds to a strain of spontaneously hypertensive rat.
  • compounds of formula I to VI are useful for reducing blood pressure in hypertensive mammals.
  • a suitable dose for enteral administration to mammals, including humans is generally within the range 0.01-25 mg/kg/day, more usually 0.2-10 mg/kg/day given in single or divided doses.
  • a suitable dose is generally within the range 0.001-2.5 mg/kg/day, more usually 0.005-1 mg/kg/day given in single or divided doses or by continuous infusion. Oral administration is preferred.
  • Compounds of formula I to VI and salts thereof are angiotensin II antagonists and therefore are useful in the treatment of hypertension in mammals, including humans.
  • Compounds of formula I to VI are also indicated as suitable for use in the treatment of acute and chronic congestive heart failure, glaucoma, primary and secondary hyperaldosteronism, primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, renal failure, renal vascular hypertension, angina, migraine, left ventricular dysfunction, peripheral vascular disease (eg Raynaud's disease), scleroderma, diabetic nephropathy, and prevention of coronary insufficiency after myocardial infarction.
  • the present invention further provides, a method for treatment of the said conditions, the use of any compound of formula I to VI in the treatment of the said conditions and the use of any compound of formula I to VI in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of the said conditions.
  • L is a leaving group such as halo (e.g. bromo); and R 50 is C 1-4 alkyl; with a corresponding compound of formula Het-H, wherein Het is as defined in the lists of structural formulae above; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably in the presence of a base.
  • Compounds of formula Het-H may be prepared by methods described in the corresponding patent publications identified above. In particular, compounds of formula Het-H wherein Het is a group of formula xxv, xxvii and xxviii may be prepared as described in EP-A-0400974 (Merck), WO-A-9114679 (Sanofi) and EP-A-0475206 (Abbott) respectively.
  • a chlorinating agent for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, or a brominating agent, for example N-bromosuccinimide
  • a brominating agent for example N-bromosuccinimide
  • B 50 is a group of formula xv, xix, xx, xxi or xxii above; and Q 50 represents a group known for the coupling of aromatic species such as a boronic acid group of formula -B(OH) 2 or a boronic acid derivative of formula -B(OAlk) 2 (wherein Alk represents a C 1-4 alkyl group) or a trialkylstannyl group of formula -Sn(Alk) 3 (wherein Alk represents a C 1-4 alkyl group); in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably by reaction in the presence of a base , such as sodium carbonate ; suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst, or by reacting in the same way compounds of formula XII and XIII modified in that substituents Q 50 and Hal therein are interchanged.
  • aromatic species such as a boronic acid group of formula -B(OH)
  • T is a trialkylstannyl group of formula -Sn(Alk) 3 wherein Alk represents a C 1-4 alkyl group (suitably a butyl group); with a compound of formula XV
  • Hal - A 50 - I XV wherein Hal is bromo or iodo, suitably bromo; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction, suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium (0) or nickel (0) catalyst.
  • a metal catalyst such as a palladium (0) or nickel (0) catalyst.
  • Alk is C 1-4 alkyl; followed by treatment with an acylating agent, for example, with trifluoroacetic anhydride; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • an acylating agent for example, with trifluoroacetic anhydride
  • Compounds of formula XVI may be prepared by. reacting a compound of formula XVIII CH 3 - B 50 - X 50 - A 50 - Hal XVIII wherein Hal is halo, preferably bromo; with a C 1-4 alkyl lithium compound or magnesium metal; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • Hal - A 50 - I XIX wherein Hal is halo or iodo and A 50 is a group of formula ii, iii, iv or v above; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably by reaction in the presence of a base such as sodium carbonate; suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium (0) or nickel (0) catalyst; or by reacting in the same way compounds of formula XIII and XIX modified in that the substituents Q 50 and Hal therein are interchanged.
  • a base such as sodium carbonate
  • a metal catalyst such as a palladium (0) or nickel (0) catalyst
  • a 50 is a group of formula ii, iii, iv or v above and each Hal is independently chloro, bromo or iodo; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably by reaction in the presence of a base, such as sodium carbonate; suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst, or by reacting in the same way compounds of formula XIII and XX modified in that the substituents
  • Compounds of formula XXI may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XXII LCH 2 - B 50 - X 50 - A 50 - I XXII wherein L is a leaving group, suitably halo, (e.g. bromo or chloro) with a compound of the formula Het-H as described above; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably in the presence of a base.
  • Compounds of formula XXI may also be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XXII (or a corresponding compound wherein L is amino) with a precursor of the corresponding group of formula Het, and then generating the Het moiety in situ. Suitable methods are described in the patent publications identified above.
  • Compounds of formula XXII wherein L is bromo or chloro may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XXIII CH 3 - B 50 - X 50 - A 50 - I XXIII with a chlorinating agent, for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, or a brominating agent, for example, N-bromosuccinimide; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • a chlorinating agent for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate
  • a brominating agent for example, N-bromosuccinimide
  • Compounds of formula I wherein A 50 is a group of formula vii above, R 50 is C 1-4 alkyl, X 50 is a bond, r is 1 and A 51 is oxygen may be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula XL wherein L is a leaving group such as halo, (e.g. bromo); and R 50 is C 1-4 alkyl; with a corresponding compound of formula Het-H, wherein Het is as defined in the lists of structural formulae above; in a solvent (such as dimethylformamide) inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably in the presence of a base, such as sodium hydride.
  • a solvent such as dimethylformamide
  • Compounds of formula XLI may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XLII with a compound of formula XVII above followed by an acylating agent, for example trifluoroacetic anhydride; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • a chlorinating agent for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, or a brominating agent, for example N-bromosuccinimide
  • a chlorinating agent for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate
  • a brominating agent for example N-bromosuccinimide
  • C 1-4 alkyllithium reagent such as butyllithium
  • a solvent inert to the conditions of, the reaction.
  • EP-A-0425211 (Smithkline Beecham) or are readily derivable from compounds described therein by methods well-known in the art.
  • Compounds of formula LVI may be prepared as described in EP-A-0437103 (Smithkline Beecham).
  • Compounds of formula L wherein R 332 is a group of formula xxxii may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LVII
  • Hal is bromo or chloro and L is a leaving group such as chloro; with a compound of formula LVIII
  • a solvent such as dimethylformamide
  • a base such as triethylamine
  • Compounds of formula LVIII may be prepared as described in EP-A-0427463 (Smithkline Beecham). Compounds of formula LVII wherein n is greater than 1, are known from US-A-4340598 (Takeda) or are readily derivable from compounds described therein by methods well-known in the art.
  • Hal is bromo or chloro; with a halogenating agent, such as thionyl chloride; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • a halogenating agent such as thionyl chloride
  • a reducing agent such as sodium borohydride
  • Compounds of formula LX may be prepared as described in EP-A-0427463 (Smithkline Beecham).
  • Compounds of formula L wherein R 332 is a group of formula xxxiii wherein R 370 is carboxyl, A 210 i s carbonyl and R 372 is C 1-6 alkyl may be prepared by hydrolysing a compound of formula LXI
  • R 372 is C 1-6 alkyl and R 373 is as defined above but is not hydrogen; for example with a base, such as aqueous sodium carbonate solution; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • a base such as aqueous sodium carbonate solution
  • Compounds of formula LXI wherein R 372 is C 1-6 alkyl may be prepared by reacting a corresponding compound wherein R 372 is hydrogen, with a base, such as sodium hydride, followed by a C 1-6 alkyl halide; in a solvent inert to the conditions of reaction.
  • a base such as sodium hydride
  • R 373 is as defined above but is not hydrogen; in a solvent (such as dimethylformamide) inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • a 210 is a bond and R 371 and R 372 are both hydrogen may be prepared by hydrolysing a compound of formula LXIII
  • R 373 is as defined above but is not hydrogen for example by hydrolysis with dilute aqueous acid, such as hydrochloric acid; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • Compounds of formula LXIII may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LVII wherein L is chloro with a compound of formula LXIV
  • R 373 is as defined above except hydrogen; in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran) inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran
  • L is a leaving group such as halo and R 320 i s C 1 -4 alkyl; with a corresponding compound of formula Het-H, wherein Het is a group of formula xxxviii
  • R 310 is C 1-4 alkyl; with a halogenating agent such as a chlorinating agent, for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, or a brominating agent, for example N-bromosuccinimide, in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • a halogenating agent such as a chlorinating agent, for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, or a brominating agent, for example N-bromosuccinimide
  • Hal is halo, suitably bromo or iodo and R 310 is C 1-4 alkyl; with a compound of formula LXXIII wherein Q 50 represents a boronic acid group of formula -B(OH) 2 or a trialkylstannyl group of formula -Sn(Alk) 3 (wherein Alk represents a C 1-4 alkyl group); in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably by reaction in the presence of a base, such as sodium carbonate; suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst.
  • a base such as sodium carbonate
  • a metal catalyst such as a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst.
  • R 310 is C 1-4 alkyl and T is a trialkylstannyl group of formula -Sn(Alk) 3 wherein Alk represents a C 1-4 alkyl group, (suitably a butyl group); with a compound of formula LXXV
  • Hal is bromo or iodo, suitably bromo in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction, suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst.
  • a metal catalyst such as a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst.
  • Met is lithium or a group of formula MgX wherein X is chloro, bromo or iodo; with a compound of formula LXXVII
  • R 310 is C 1-4 alkyl and Alk is C 1-4 alkyl; followed by reaction with an acylating agent, for example, with trifluoroacetic anhydride; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • an acylating agent for example, with trifluoroacetic anhydride
  • Hal is halo, preferably bromo; with a C 1-4 alkyl lithium compound or magnesium metal; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • Compounds of formula LXXVIII are described in Gomberg and Pernert (J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1926) Vol 48, p1373) and may be obtained as described therein.
  • They may also be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXXIII modified in that Q 50 is a group of formula MgHal (wherein Hal is chloro, bromo or iodo) with 1,2-diiodobenzene, 1,2-bromoiodobenzene, 1,2-dibromobenzene, or 1,2-bromochlorobenzene (substituted with R 311 and/or R 312 groups as appropriate) in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; in the presence of a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst.
  • Q 50 is a group of formula MgHal (wherein Hal is chloro, bromo or iodo)
  • Hal is chloro, bromo or iodo
  • Compounds of formula LXXIII modified in that Q 50 is a group of formula MgHal may be prepared by reacting corresponding compounds wherein Q 50 is chloro, bromo or iodo with magnesium metal; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • Het is a group of formula xxxviii above; with a compound of formula LXXIV above, in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction, suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, for example a palladium(O) or nickel (0) catalyst.
  • a metal catalyst for example a palladium(O) or nickel (0) catalyst.
  • L is a leaving group, suitably halo, (e.g. bromo or chloro); with a compound of the formula Het-H (wherein Het is a group of formula xxxviii above), in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction, preferably in the presence of a base.
  • halo e.g. bromo or chloro
  • Het-H a compound of the formula xxxviii above
  • Compounds of formula LXXX wherein L is bromo or chloro may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXXXI with a chlorinating agent, for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, or a brominating agent, for example, N-bromosuccinimide.
  • a chlorinating agent for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate
  • a brominating agent for example, N-bromosuccinimide.
  • Compounds of formula Het-H wherein Het is a group of formula xxxviii modified in that R 317 is a sulphonyl chloride group may be prepared by reacting corresponding compounds of formula Het-H wherein R 317 is an amino group; with a diazotising agent, such as an alkali metal nitrite, under appropriate conditions (e.g. in the presence of concentrated hydrochloric acid at less than 5°C); with addition of a source of copper (I) ions (e.g. by addition of cuprous chloride) and sulphur dioxide; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • a diazotising agent such as an alkali metal nitrite
  • R 50 is a group of formula xxxv, xxxvi, or xxxvii above (i.e. socalled 'pro-drugs') may be prepared by reacting an alkali metal salt of a compound of formula I above wherein A 51 is oxygen and R 50 is hydrogen with compounds of structures xxxv, xxxvi or xxxvii above respectively wherein the free valency shown in said structures is attached to halo, suitably chloro in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably in the presence of an alkali metal iodide, for example potassium iodide.
  • Compounds of formula I wherein A 51 is oxygen and R 50 is hydrogen may be prepared by hydrolysis of a compound of formula I wherein A 51 is oxygen and A 50 is lower alkyl (prepared as described above), for example, by heating under acid or alkaline conditions.
  • compounds of formula I wherein A 51 is oxygen and R 50 is hydrogen may be prepared by deprotecting compounds of formula I in which A 51 is oxygen modified in that R 50 represents a protecting group, for example:
  • an aralkyl group for example benzyl or trityl
  • hydrogenolysis e.g. with hydrogen over palladium on carbon
  • a trialkylsilyl group for example t.-butyldimethylsilyl
  • a source of fluoride e.g. tetrabutylammonium fluoride
  • Hal is halo, suitably bromo or chloro; with a compound of the formula HSR 50 or HNR 50 R 52 respectively, (or their alkali metal salts); in a solvent (such as pyridine) inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • a solvent such as pyridine
  • a 51 is sulphur
  • this reaction is followed by treatment with a strong acid, such as concentrated hydrochloric acid. Any salt formed may be neutralised, if desired, to provide the corresponding free acid.
  • Compounds of formula I wherein A is sulphur or a group of formula -NR 52 - and R 51 is C 1-4 alkyl may also be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula XCI with hydrogen sulphide or ammonia respectively, followed by treatment with an alkylating agent as required.
  • Compounds of formula XCI may be prepared by reacting a salt, suitably an alkali metal salt, of a compound of formula I wherein A 51 is oxygen and R 50 is hydrogen; with a halogenating agent, suitably a chlorinating agent such as oxalyl chloride; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • Compounds of formula I wherein A 51 is -NR 52 wherein R 52 is as defined above may also be prepared by treating a compound of formula I wherein A 51 is oxygen and R 50 is C 1-4 alkyl with a compound of formula HNR 50 R 52 or alkali metal salts thereof, in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
  • Novel intermediates are also provided which correspond to the preferred structures of formula I above (i.e. structures of formulae II, III and IV, modified in that R 3 1 0 is a protecting group as described above).
  • Salts of compounds of formula I which are also within the scope of this invention may be prepared by conventional means such as by reacting the free acid or free base forms of the compound of formula I with one or more equivalents of the appropriate base or acid.
  • test A the binding affinity of compounds to the adrenal membrane angiotensin II receptor was determined in vitro and in tests B and C the antihypertensive effect of the compounds was measured in vivo. A detailed description of the tests follows.
  • Radioligand binding curves were analysed using EBDA and LIGAND (Cambridge Biosoft). Values for binding affinity were obtained by nonlinear regression analysis of untransformed data.
  • mice Female rats, weight range 180-240 g, of the AokiOkamoto strain of spontaneously hypertensive rat were used. The rats in groups of four were fasted overnight before administration of the test compound. Blood pressure was determined in the following way. The rats were placed in a cabinet kept at 38°C with their tails, protruding through holes in the cabinet. After 30 minutes in the cabinet blood pressure was measured using an inflatable cuff placed round the base of the tail and arterial pulsations monitored with a pneumatic pulse transducer. A pressure, greater than the expected blood pressure, was applied to the cuff, and this pressure was slowly reduced. The pressure in the cuff at which arterial pulsations reappeared was taken as the blood pressure.
  • the rats were removed from the cabinet and each group orally dosed with a given dose of the test compound given as a solution or suspension in 0.25% aqueous carboxymethylcellulose.
  • blood pressure was measured at 1.5 and 5.0 hours after dosing.
  • the degree of blood pressure reduction sufficient to achieve a significance level of p ⁇ 0.01 compared to controls was 9% after correction for control changes at appropriate time intervals.
  • compounds were considered to be active in this test if they produced a reduction of blood pressure after correction of 9% or greater than 9%.
  • Threshold antihypertensive doses of compounds of formula I were determined in the following way. Compounds were tested initially at a particular dose level, for example 90 mg/kg.
  • the compound was considered sufficiently active (giving a reduction of blood pressure equal to or greater than 16% after correction) it was retested at a lower dose level, for example 30 mg/kg. By testing at successively lower dose levels, a threshold antihypertensive dose (dose giving a reduction of blood pressure of between 9 and 16% after correction) was determined. Compounds inactive at a particular dose level and giving a reduction of blood pressure equal to or greater than 16% after correction at the next highest dose level were designated as having a threshold antihypertensive dose within the range covered by the two dose levels.
  • Test B The procedure of Test B above was carried out subject to the modification of pretreating the rats with bendrofluazide 10 mg/kg (an orally administered diuretic) at 16 hours and 2 hours prior to the dose of the test compound, to ensure activation of the reninangiotensin system.
  • the antihypertensive activity of the compounds of the present invention may also be demonstrated in rats in which the renin-angiotensin system has been activated by surgical intervention.
  • compositions of mixed solvents are given by volume.
  • Novel compounds were characterised by one or more of the following: elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance and infra-red spectroscopy . Flash chromatography was performed according to the method of Still et al., J. Org. Chem. (1978), Vol. 43, pp 2923-5.
  • Example 1 a) A mixture of 3-isopropoxy-4-tributylstannylcyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (4.68 g; preparable as described in Liebeskind and Fengl, Journal of Organic Chemistry (1990), Vol.55, pp 5359/5364), 1- bromo-2-iodobenzene (3.54 g), dry dimethylformamide
  • Example 2 a) A mixture of 1,2-diiodobenzene (6.6 g) and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine)palladium(O) (0.34 g) in AR toluene (100 ml) was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere at ambient temperature. A solution of sodium carbonate (2 g) in water (15 ml) was added. The resulting orange mixture was stirred and heated under reflux while a solution of 4-methylbenzeneboronic acid (1.36 g) in industrial methylated spirit (40 ml) was added dropwise over a period of 40 minutes. The mixture obtained was heated under reflux for an additional 4 hours, then cooled to ambient temperature. Aqueous hydrogen peroxide (30%; 1 ml) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred for 1 hour at ambient temperature.
  • EP-A-0400974; Merck was added to a stirred suspension of sodium hydride (0.15 g; 60% suspension in mineral oil) in dry dimethylformamide (10 ml) over a period of 15 minutes, under a nitrogen atmosphere. Stirring was continued for a further 30 minutes. The resulting solution was added to a stirred solution of 3-(4'-bromomethylbiphenyl-2-yl)-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (1.46 g; preparable as in Example 1(c)) in dry dimethylformamide (10 ml) at 0-5°C.
  • Example 8 A solution of the final product of Example 7
  • Example 8 The final product of Example 8 (0.40 g) was dissolved in a mixture of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2.5 M; 15 ml) and industrial methylated spirit (15 ml) and the resulting solution was extracted with dichloromethane (2 ⁇ 15 ml). The combined extracts were dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent was evaporated to give the sodium salt of 3-[4'-(5,7-dimethyl-2-propyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]- pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (0.4 g; m.p. 182°C, with slow decomposition), an active compound of the present invention.
  • Example 10 a) 2-Ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b.]pyridine (2.17 g) was added to stirred fuming sulphuric acid (7 ml) and the resulting solution was warmed to 80°C. Potassium nitrate (3.0 g) was added in portions over a period of 10 minutes and the resulting mixture was heated at between 95 and 100°C for 10 minutes, cooled, then poured onto ice (approx. 25 g). The mixture was neutralised with concentrated aqueous ammonia solution and then extracted with dichloromethane (2 ⁇ 50 ml). The combined extracts were dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent was then evaporated.
  • Cuprous chloride (0.26 g) was dissolved in a saturated solution of sulphur dioxide in acetic acid (10 ml) and the resulting solution (B) was cooled to 10°C.
  • Solution (A) was then added to the stirred cooled solution (B) at 0-10°C, in portions, over a period of 10 minutes.
  • the resulting mixture was stirred for 3.5 hours at 10- 15°C, added to ice (100 g) and then extracted with dichloromethane (3 ⁇ 50 ml). The combined extracts were dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent was evaporated to give a pale yellow solid which was added to aqueous dimethylamine solution (30%; 20 ml) at ambient temperature. The resulting mixture was stirred for 30 minutes.
  • Example 11 A solution of the final product of Example 10
  • Example 12 6-Amino-2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]- pyridine (0.85 g; preparable as in Example 10(b)) was dissolved with stirring in a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid (1.15 ml) and water
  • Example 12(b) (0.65 g).
  • c) The product of Example 12(b) (0.65 g) was heated for 18 hours at 95-100°C in a mixture of acetic acid (7 ml) and water (2.5 ml) under a nitrogen atmosphere. The solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was triturated with ethyl acetate (20 ml) to leave a gum. Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2.5 M; 5 ml) was added to the gum.
  • Chloromethyl pivalate (3.22 g) was added, dropwise, at ambient temperature, to a stirring suspension of 3- [4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H--midazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (4.21 g; preparable as in Example 4) in dry N,N-dimethylacetamide (40 ml). Potassium iodide (2.5 g) was added to the resulting mixture and stirring was continued at ambient temperature for 2 days. More chloromethyl pivalate (3.7 g) was added and stirring was continued for an additional 2 days.
  • Example 14 The product of Example 14 (0.19 g), acetic acid (2 ml) and water (2 ml) were heated together at 95-100°C for approximately 5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere then left at ambient temperature for approximately 17 hours. The solvents were removed under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was triturated with ethylacetate (2 ⁇ 15 ml) and then dried in vacuo at 80°C to give 4-ethyl-1-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-2-propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow solid (0.12 g; m.p. 241-245°C) .
  • Example 16 The final product of Example 5 (0.463 g; dried before use by heating in vacuo as the compound appeared to be hygroscopic) was dissolved in dry dimethylformamide (3 ml). To the resulting solution was added a solution of chloromethyl pivalate (0.19 g) in dry dimethylformamide (3 ml). After stirring the resulting mixture for approximately 17 hours, potassium iodide (21 mg) was added and stirring was continued for approximately 3 days. More chloromethyl pivalate (98 mg) was added and stirring was continued for a further 4 days. The solution obtained was then partitioned between water (25 ml) and diethyl ether (25 ml).
  • the aqueous layer was separated and extracted with diethyl ether (2 ⁇ 25 ml).
  • the combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulphate, the solvent was distilled off and the resulting residue was then purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate followed by ethyl acetate/industrial methylated spirit (9:1)).
  • the fractions containing the slower running of the two main products were combined and evaporated under reduced pressure.
  • Example 4 The final product of Example 4 (1.01 g; dried before use by heating in vacuo as the compound appeared to be hygroscopic) was suspended in dry N,N-dimethylacetamide (10 ml). The resulting suspension was stirred whilst 1-chloroethyl pivalate (0.90 g; preparable as described in J. Med. Chem. (1978), Vol. 21, p 753) followed by potassium iodide (0.77 g) were added. Stirring was continued at ambient temperature for approximately 3 days. The suspension obtained was then diluted with ethyl acetate (50 ml) and washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (5%; 50 ml) and then water (4 ⁇ 50 ml).
  • Example 18(c) (0.67 g) was heated in a mixture of acetic acid (30 ml) and water (15 ml) at 95-100°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 22 hours. The resulting solution was cooled and filtered. The solvents were then evaporated under reduced pressure to give ethyl 4-[N-butyl-N_-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]amino]-pyrimidine-5-carboxylate, an active compound of the present invention, as a brown solid (0.59 g; m.p. 95°C (dec)).
  • Example 21 Sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil;
  • Example 25 a Sodium borohydride (39 mg) was added at ambient temperature to a solution of the product of Example
  • Methyl 2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (0.19 g) was added to a stirring suspension of sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil; 35 mg) in dry dimethylformamide (2 ml) at ambient temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere and stirring was continued for 30 minutes.
  • reaction mixture was partitioned between water (20 ml) and diethyl ether (20 ml), and the aqueous layer was separated and extracted with diethyl ether (20 ml) .
  • the combined ether solutions were dried over magnesiumsulphate and the solvent was evaporated in vacuo.
  • the residue obtained was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with 20% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether (b.p.
  • Example 27 a A solution of the product of Example 23(a) (0.5 g) in t-butanol (18.75 ml) was added to a solution of sodium chlorite (1.02 g) and sodium dihydrogen phosphate (1.02 g) in water (24 ml) at ambient temperature and the resulting mixture was stirred vigorously for 40 hours. Sodium metabisulphite was added until the yellow colour of the solution was discharged, then most of the solvents were evaporated in vacuo. Water (75 ml) was added to the resulting residue and the mixture obtained was extracted with dichloromethane (2 x 50 ml) .
  • Example 28 Methyl 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4- dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H- imidazole-5-carboxylate (0.26 g; preparable as described in Example 27(c)) was heated in a mixture of glacial acetic acid (5 ml) and water (5 ml) at 95-100°C for 5 hours.
  • Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2 M; 1 ml) was added to a solution of the product of Example 28 (90 mg) in methanol (3 ml) at ambient temperature. The resulting mixture was then stirred for 2 hours. The solvent was removed by evaporation in vacuo, and water (2 ml) was added to the residue obtained, followed by sufficient hydrochloric acid (5 M) to adjust the resulting solution to pH 1.
  • Example 30 a A mixture of 2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazole-5- carboxaldehyde (4.0 g; preparable as described in Drugs of the Future (1991), Vol. 16, p 305), potassium carbonate (2.94 g) and dry dimethylformamide (50 ml) was stirred for 15 minutes at ambient temperature. 4-Iodobenzyl bromide (6.34 g) was added to the resulting mixture and stirring was continued for approximately 17 hours. The solvent was then evaporated under reduced pressure at 80°C. Water (200 ml) was added to the resulting residue which was then extracted with diethyl ether (2 ⁇ 100 ml). The combined extracts were washed with water (50 ml) and dried over magnesium , sulphate. The solvent was evaporated. The resulting residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel
  • Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (0.5M, 22 ml) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred for 1 hour at ambient temperature and neutralised with hydrochloric acid (5M). The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue obtained was extracted with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1M; 60 ml) and then acidified with hydrochloric acid (5M).

Abstract

The invention provides compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein R50 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, A51 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR52- wherein R52 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl; A50 comprises (i) a mono or bicyclic aromatic ring optionally containing one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms, (ii) a cycloalkendiyl group, or (iii) an acyclic bridging group having a chain of one, two or three atoms between the cyclobutenedione group and X50, said chain being a chain of one or two carbon atoms or a chain of one carbon atom and one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms or (iv) a bond; X50 is either a bond or a spacer group providing a chain between A50 and B50 of one or two atoms length; B50 is a mono or bicyclic aromatic ring optionally containing one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms; r is an integer from 1 to 6; and Het is a ring system optionally containing one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms or is a phosphonate, phosphinate or amine derivate (wherein each of A50, X50, B50 and Het are optionally substituted). The compounds have angiotensin II antagonist activity and are useful in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension.

Description

DIOXCYCLOBUTENE DERIVATIVES AS ANGIOTENSIN II ANTAGONISTS
The present invention relates to novel therapeutic agents and, in particular, to novel substituted cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-diones, to processes for their preparation, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their therapeutic activity in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Angiotensin II is a key mediator of the reninangiotensin system. It is known that angiotensin II is an arterial vasconstrictor that exerts its action by interacting with specific receptors on cell membranes. Recently, several non-peptide compounds have been reported as angiotensin II antagonists and as useful antihypertensive agents. The present invention provides compounds of formula I
Figure imgf000003_0001
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof;
wherein R50 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, A51 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR52- wherein R52 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl; A50 comprises i) a mono or bicyclic aromatic ring optionally containing one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms, ii) a cycloalkendiyl group, iii) an acyclic bridging group having a chain of one, two or three atoms between the cyclobutenedione group and X50, said chain being a chain of one or two carbon atoms or a chain of one carbon atom and one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms or iv) a bond; X50 is either a bond or a spacer group providing a chain between A50 and B50 of one or two atoms length; B50 is a mono or bicyclic aromatic ring optionally containing one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms; r is an integer from 1 to 6; and Het is a ring system optionally containing one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms or is a phosphonate, phosphinate or amine derivative (wherein each of A50, X50, B50 arid Het are optionally substituted).
Preferably, A50 is a group selected from the groups represented by (i) to (xii) below (wherein in each case Z50 is bond to X50 and the other free valency is connected to the cyclobutenedione group).
Figure imgf000004_0001
wherein R70 and R71 are each independently hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl (optionally substituted by halo, C3 -8 cycloalkyl or phenyl), C3-12 cycloalkyl or phenyl (both optionally substituted by halo, C1-6 alkyl or C1-6 alkoxy) or R70 and R71 together complete a 3 to 7 membered carbocycle (optionally substituted by one or two C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, phenyl, hydroxy or halo groups);
Figure imgf000005_0002
wherein A60 is nitrogen or methine; A6 1 is imino, oxygen or sulphur and either R 80 and
R 81 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, cyano, alkyl, C2-10 (preferably C2-4) alkenyl, alkylthio, mono-, di- or trihalo- (C1-6 alkyl), hydroxyalkyl, oxoalkyl, carboxy or esterif ied carboxy , or , when R8 0 and R81 are on adjacent carbon atoms, R80 and R81 together may be 1,3-butadienylene thereby completing a fused aromatic ring;
Figure imgf000005_0001
wherein R 90 to R 97 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula -SO2NHR98 (wherein R98 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl);
Figure imgf000006_0001
wherein -A70-A71-A72-A73- is a group of formula -NC (R10 0 ) C (R101 ) C (R102 ) - ,
- C ( R 1 0 0 ) N C ( R 1 0 1 ) C ( R 1 0 2
- C ( R 1 0 0 ) C ( R 1 0 1 ) N C ( R 1 0 2
-C(R100)C(R101)C(R102)N-, -NC(R100)NC(R101)-, -C(R100)NC(R101)N-, -NNC(R100)C(R101) -,
-C(R100)NNC(R101) -, -C(R100)C(R101)NN- , - N C ( R 1 0 0 ) C ( R 1 0 1 ) N - ,
- C ( R 1 0 0 ) C ( R 1 0 1 ) C ( O ) N ( R 1 0 3 ) - - C ( R 1 0 0 ) C ( R 1 0 1 ) N ( R 1 0 3 ) C ( O ) - , - C ( O ) N ( R 1 0 3 ) C ( R 1 0 0 ) C ( R 1 0 1 ) - , - N ( R 1 0 3 ) C ( O ) C ( R 1 0 0 ) C ( R 1 0 1 ) - , -C(O)N(R103)C(R100)N-, -C(R100)NC(O)N(R103)- , -N(R103)C(O)NC(R100)-' -NC(R100)N(R103)C(O)- ,
- C ( O ) N ( R 1 0 3 ) NC ( R 1 0 0 ) - o r -C(R100)NN(R103)C(O)-; wherein R100 to R102 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula SO2NHR104
(wherein R104 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, aryl, arylmethyl or a group of formula -CH2OC(O)CH3) or, when two of R100, R101 and R102 are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms, they may be joined to form a fused phenyl or naphthyl ring; and
R103 is hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, phenyl or phenylmethyl (in which the phenyl or phenylmethyl is optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from halo, fluoro, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino or a group of formula -CO2R104 (wherein R104 is as defined above));
Figure imgf000007_0001
wherein -A80-A81-A82-A83- is a group of formula -Y50-C (R110) C (R1 11 ) C (Z52 ) - ,
- C ( R 1 1 0 ) Y 5 0 C ( R 1 1 1 ) C ( Z 5 2 ) - , - C ( R 1 1 0 ) C ( R 1 1 1 ) Y 5 0 C ( Z 5 2 ) - ,
- Y 5 0 C ( R 1 1 0 ) C ( Z 5 2 ) C ( R 1 1 1 ) - , - C ( R 1 1 0 ) Y 5 0 C ( Z 5 2 ) C ( R1 1 1 ) - o r
-C(R110)C(R111)C(Z52)Y50-, wherein Y50 is oxygen, sulphur, sulphinyl or sulphonyl; R110 and R100 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, formyl, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl)amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-7 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-7 cycloalkyl, or a group of formula -SO2NHR112, -O(CH2)cO(CH2)dCH3, -(CH2)dO(CH2)dCH3, -(CH2)N(R112)2, -CH(OR112) (C1-7 alkyl), -CO2R112' -CH=CHR112, -CH2CR112=C(R112)2, - (CH2)eNHC(O)R112 -(C1C-4)alkylaryl or -CH(R112)2 (wherein R112 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, arylmethyl or aryl, c is an integer from 1 to 3, d is an integer from 1 to 5 and e is 0 or an integer from 1 to 2) or, when R110 and R111 are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms, they may be joined to form a phenyl or naphthyl ring; and wherein Z52 represents the "other" free valency referred to above;
Figure imgf000008_0001
wherein A90 is a bond, oxygen, sulphur, sulphinyl, sulphonyl, methylene or a group of the formula -NR122- (wherein R122 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, aryl, aryl (C2 --7) alkylcarbonyl, ( C 1 - 6 ) a l k y l c a r b o n y l , [(C2-5) alkenyl]methylene, [(C2-5) alkynyl] methylene or arylmethylene); and R120 and R121 are each independently hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl (optionally substituted with aryl or C3-7 cycloalkyl), aryl (optionally substituted with up to five substituents selected from halo, fluoro, C1-6 alkyl, (C2-5 alkenyl) methylene, (C2-5 alkynyl)methylene, C1-5 alkoxy, C1-5 alkylthio, nitro, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, nitro, or a group of formula -CO2R123 (wherein R123 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, aryl or arylmethylene)), or aryl-(C1-2) alkyl (optionally substituted with up to 5 substituents selected from halo, fluoro, C1-6 alkyl, (C2-5 alkenyl)methylene, (C2-5 alkynyl)methylene, C1-5 alkoxy, C1-5 alkylthio, nitro, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy or a group of formula -CO2R123 (wherein R123 is as defined above)), or C3-7 cycloalkyl.
Figure imgf000009_0002
wherein R130, R131 and R132 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula -SO2NHR133 (wherein R133 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl);
Figure imgf000009_0001
wherein R140 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl (meaning phenyl optionally substituted with halo, fluoro, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, hydroxy, alkanoyl, nitro, amino, dialkylamino, trifluoromethyl, C3-7 cycloalkyl or arylalkyl); A100 is nitrogen (when the dotted line represents a bond) or nitrogen substituted with a group selected independently from the list provided to define R140 (when the dotted line is not a bond); and R141 and R142 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1 -4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or a group of formula -SO2NHR143 (wherein R143 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl or arylmethylene);
Figure imgf000010_0002
wherein R150 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, a group of formula Y60 wherein Y60 is phenyl or 1- or 2-naphthyl (each optionally substituted by methyl, methoxy, hydroxy, bromo, chloro, fluoro, nitro, amino, diethylamino, methylthio or sulphydryl), a group of formula C1-6 alkylY60- (wherein Y60 is as defined above), a group of formula Y61 (wherein Y61 is a 5- or 6-membered ring or 8-, 9- or 10-membered bicyclic system containing one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur (including but not limited to pyrrole, imidazole, thiophene, furan, pyridine, thiazole, indole, morpholine and isoquinoline)) optionally substituted by halo, fluoro, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyloxy or hydroxy; or a group of formula C1-6 alkyl-Y61- (wherein Y61 is as defined above);
Figure imgf000010_0001
wherein A111 is oxygen, sulphur, imino or methylene; and if A111 is oxygen, sulphur or imino, then A110 is a group of formula -CR160R161- and if A111 is methylene, then A110 is either nitrogen or a group of formula -CR160R161- wherein R160 and R161 are each independently hydrogen, C1-10 alkyl, C3-10 alkenyl, C3-10 alkynyl, C3-8 cycloalkyl, C4-10 cycloalkylalkyl, C5-10 cycloalkylalkenyl, C5-10 cycloalkylalkynyl or aryl optionally substituted with one or two of halo, C1-4 alkyl or C1-4 alkoxy;
Figure imgf000011_0001
wherein b is 2, 3 or 4; or
Figure imgf000011_0002
wherein R171 is hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C1-4 alkyl or C1-4 alkoxy; and R170 is hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, nitro, C1-4 acyloxy, carboxy (optionally esterified), phenyl, furyl or a group of formula -NHSO2Me, -NHSO2CF3, -SO2NH2 or -CONHR172 (wherein R172 is hydrogen, methyl or benzyl). Suitably, when X50 is a spacer group it is carbonyl, oxygen, sulphur, vinylene, dif luorovinylene, monofluorovinylene, ethylene, perfluoroethylene, oxymethylene, thiomethylene, or a group of formula -NR53-, -CONR54-, -NR54CO-, -NHCR55R56-, -NR55SO2-, -SO2NR55-. CR55R56NH-, -CH(OR57)-, -CH(OCOR58)-, or -C(NR59)- (where R53 is hydrogen, C2-4 acyl, C1-6 alkyl, allyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl, R54 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, R55 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, R56 is hydrogen or C1-14 alkyl, R57 is hydrogen, C1-8 alkyl, C1-8 perfluoroalkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl, R58 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl, R59 is a group of formula -NR55R56, -OR56, -NHC(O)NH2, -NHC(S)NH2, -NHSO2 benzyl or -NHSO2Phenyl (wherein R55 and R56 are as defined above);
Preferably B50 is a group selected from the groups represented by xv to xxii below (wherein in each case Z51 is a bond to X50 and the other free valency is connected to the - (CH2)r-H-t group)
Figure imgf000012_0001
wherein R180 is hydrogen, halo, (preferably bromo), fluoro, C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C1-6 fluoroalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, formyl, carboxy or a group of the formula -COR183 (wherein R183 represents C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C1-6 alkoxy or a group of formula -NR184R185, (wherein R184 and R185 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl or together form a saturated heterocyclic ring having 5 or 6 ring members and optionally comprising in the ring one oxygen atom)); R181 and R182 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula -SO2NHR191 (wherein R191 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl);
and A120 is oxygen, sulphur, or a group of formula -NR186- {wherein R186 is hydrogen or a group selected from C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 alkenyl, C1-6 alkoxy, or a group of formula -COR187 or -SO2R188 [wherein R187 and R188 are each C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C1-6 alkoxy or a group of formula -NR189R190 (wherein R189 and R190, which may be the same or different, each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group or together complete a saturated heterocyclic ring having 5 or 6 ring members and optionally comprising in the ring one oxygen atom)]} and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
Figure imgf000013_0001
wherein R200 and R201 are each independently selected from the list provided to define R180 above and R202 and
R203 are each independently selected from the list provided to define R181 above and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
Figure imgf000014_0001
wherein R210, R211 and R212 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 acyloxy, C3-6 cycloalkyl, C1- 6 alkoxy, hydroxy-C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkylthio, C1-4 alkylsulphinyl, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, trifluoromethyl, aryl, furyl or a group of formula -NHSO2R213, -SO2NHR213 or -NR213R214 wherein R213 and R214 are each independently hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, benzyl or phenyl or, when R210 and R211 are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms, they may together complete a fused aromatic ring; and A130 is carbonyl, methylene, or a group of formula -CH(CO2C1-4 alkyl) -, -CH(CO2H) -, -CH(CN) -, -CH(tetrazolyl)- or -CH(CONHSO2R215)- wherein R215 is aryl, heteroaryl, C3-7 cycloalkyl or C1-4 alkyl (optionally substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, hydroxy, sulphydryl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 alkylthio, methyl, halo, fluoro, nitro, carboxy, carboxy (C1-4 alkyl), amino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, or a group of formula -PO3H or-PO (OH)[O-(C1-4 alkyl)] and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
Figure imgf000015_0001
wherein R220 and R221 are each hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula -SO2NHR22g (wherein R228 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl); and -A140-A141- are a group of the formula -N=CR222-, -CR222=CR223- or -CHR222-CHR223-;
wherein R222 and R223 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, alkyl, haloalkyl; C3-7 cycloalkyl or arylalkyl (wherein aryl is phenyl optionally substituted with halo, fluoro, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, hydroxy, alkanoyl, nitro, amino, trifluoromethyl, alkylamino or dialkylamino) or a group of formula -COR224 (wherein R224 is hydrogen, C1- 6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl or a group of formula -OR225 or -NR226R227 wherein R225 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl or a 5 to 7 membered carbocyclic ring which may have another 5 to 7 membered carbocyclic ring fused thereto and R226 and R227 are each independently hydrogen, C1 -4 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, α-methylbenzyl or together form a C3-4 cyclic group optionally containing nitrogen and/or oxygen in the ring) and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
Figure imgf000016_0002
wherein R230 and R231 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or a group of formula -SO2NHR234 (wherein R234 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl);
A150 and A151 are each independently oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR232- or -CR232R233- wherein R232 and R233 are each independently hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
Figure imgf000016_0001
wherein -A160-A161- is a group of formula =C(R232)-N= or =N-C(R232)= and wherein R230, R231 and R232 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, C1-4 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, or a group of formula -SO2NHR233 (wherein R233 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl);
Figure imgf000017_0002
wherein R240 to R243 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 perfluoroalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy or C 1-6 alkoxyalkyl; or
Figure imgf000017_0001
wherein -A170=A171- is a group of formula -C(R250)=N- or -C(R251)=C(R252)- wherein R250 is hydrogen or C1-7 alkyl and R251 and R252 are each hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C1-7 alkyl, C1-7 alkoxy, C2-7 alkenyloxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, trifluoromethyl or a group of formula -S(O)f-R253 (wherein f is 0 or an integer from 1 to 2 and R253 is hydrogen or C1-7 alkyl).
Preferably, r is 1. Preferably Het is a group of any of the following formulae, in which in each case the symbols are as defined in the corresponding patent publication (s) identified in brackets. Preferred and/or specific heterocycles are as identified in said corresponding patent publication(s):
Figure imgf000018_0001
Figure imgf000018_0002
Figure imgf000018_0003
Figure imgf000018_0004
Figure imgf000018_0005
Figure imgf000019_0001
Figure imgf000019_0002
Figure imgf000019_0003
Figure imgf000019_0004
Figure imgf000019_0005
Figure imgf000020_0001
Figure imgf000020_0002
Figure imgf000020_0003
Figure imgf000020_0004
Figure imgf000020_0005
Figure imgf000021_0001
Figure imgf000021_0002
Figure imgf000021_0003
Figure imgf000021_0004
Figure imgf000021_0005
Figure imgf000022_0001
Figure imgf000022_0002
Figure imgf000022_0003
Figure imgf000022_0004
Figure imgf000022_0005
Figure imgf000023_0001
Figure imgf000023_0002
Figure imgf000023_0003
Figure imgf000023_0004
Figure imgf000023_0005
Figure imgf000024_0001
Figure imgf000024_0002
Figure imgf000024_0003
Figure imgf000024_0004
Figure imgf000025_0001
Figure imgf000025_0002
Figure imgf000025_0003
Figure imgf000025_0004
Figure imgf000026_0001
Figure imgf000026_0002
Figure imgf000026_0003
Figure imgf000027_0001
Figure imgf000027_0002
Figure imgf000027_0003
Figure imgf000027_0004
Figure imgf000027_0005
Figure imgf000028_0001
Figure imgf000028_0002
Figure imgf000028_0003
Figure imgf000028_0004
Figure imgf000029_0001
Figure imgf000029_0002
Figure imgf000029_0003
Figure imgf000030_0001
Figure imgf000030_0002
Figure imgf000030_0003
Figure imgf000030_0004
Figure imgf000031_0001
Figure imgf000031_0002
Figure imgf000031_0003
Figure imgf000031_0004
Figure imgf000032_0001
Figure imgf000032_0002
Figure imgf000032_0003
Figure imgf000033_0001
Figure imgf000033_0002
Figure imgf000033_0003
Figure imgf000034_0001
Figure imgf000034_0002
Figure imgf000034_0003
Figure imgf000034_0004
Figure imgf000035_0001
Figure imgf000035_0002
Figure imgf000035_0003
Figure imgf000036_0001
Figure imgf000036_0002
Figure imgf000036_0003
Figure imgf000037_0001
Figure imgf000037_0002
Figure imgf000037_0003
Figure imgf000038_0001
Figure imgf000038_0002
Figure imgf000038_0003
Figure imgf000039_0001
Figure imgf000039_0002
Figure imgf000039_0003
Figure imgf000039_0004
Figure imgf000040_0001
Figure imgf000040_0002
Figure imgf000040_0003
Figure imgf000041_0001
Figure imgf000041_0002
Figure imgf000041_0003
Figure imgf000041_0004
Figure imgf000042_0001
Figure imgf000042_0002
Figure imgf000042_0003
Figure imgf000043_0001
Figure imgf000043_0002
Figure imgf000043_0003
Figure imgf000043_0004
Figure imgf000044_0001
Figure imgf000044_0002
Figure imgf000044_0003
Figure imgf000044_0004
Figure imgf000045_0001
Figure imgf000045_0002
Figure imgf000045_0003
Figure imgf000045_0004
Figure imgf000046_0001
Figure imgf000046_0002
Figure imgf000046_0003
Figure imgf000046_0004
Figure imgf000047_0001
Figure imgf000047_0002
Figure imgf000047_0003
Figure imgf000047_0004
Figure imgf000048_0001
Figure imgf000048_0002
Figure imgf000048_0003
Figure imgf000048_0004
Figure imgf000049_0001
Figure imgf000049_0002
Figure imgf000049_0003
Figure imgf000050_0001
Figure imgf000050_0002
Figure imgf000050_0003
Figure imgf000050_0004
Figure imgf000051_0001
Figure imgf000051_0002
Figure imgf000051_0003
Figure imgf000051_0004
Figure imgf000052_0001
Figure imgf000052_0002
Figure imgf000052_0003
Figure imgf000053_0001
Figure imgf000053_0002
Figure imgf000053_0003
Figure imgf000053_0004
Figure imgf000054_0001
Figure imgf000054_0002
Figure imgf000054_0003
Suitably, Het comprises a heterocyclic group, that is a group comprising a closed organic ring system which ring system contains one or more oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur atoms. Preferably, Het comprises a stable 5- to 7-membered monocyclic or 7- to 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic ring which is either saturated or unsaturated, and which consists of carbon atoms and up to five, preferably up to three nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulphur atoms (wherein any nitrogen atom may optionally be quaternized), and including any bicyclic group in which any of the above-defined mono-heterocyclic rings is fused to a benzene ring, and wherein the ring is optionally substituted. Such heterocyclic groups include (but are not limited to): thienyl, furyl, pyranyl, chromenyl, xanthenyl, pyrrolyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolizinyl, isoindolyl, 3H-indolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolizinyl, quinolyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyr idinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, pteridinyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, furazanyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, oxazolyl, triazolyl and tetrazolyl and any isomers thereof and, where the context permits, dihydro, tetrahydro, mono-one, di-one and tri-one derivatives thereof. Heterocyclic groups of the present invention, also include fused rings based on any combination of up to three of the foregoing and/or benzene or naphthalene. Preferred heterocycles are based on benzimidazole and imidazopyridine. Groups of formula i, ii, iii, iv, v, vi, vii, viii, ix, x, xi and xii are disclosed in a) EP-A-0513533
(Bayer) b) EP-A-0480204 (Fujisawa); c) US-A-5124335 (Merck) d) EP-A-0512676 (Merck); e) EP-A-0512675 (Merck) f) WO-A-9112001 (Merck); g) WO-A-9215577 (Searle); h) EP-A-0501269 (Squibb); i) WO-A-9206081 (Warner Lambert); j) US-A-5191086 (Squibb); k) DE-A-4006693 (Schering); and 1) EP-A-0253310 (Du Pont) respectively, and preferred groups are as described in these publications. Groups of formula xv, xvi, xvii, xviii, xix, xx, xxi and xxii are disclosed in m) WO-A-9209600, EP-A-0514193, EP-A-0514192, EP-A-0430709, EP-A-0514198, EP-A-0514197, EP-A-0514216, EP-A-0505954 and EP-A-0514217 (Glaxo); n) EP-A-0429257 (Glaxo); o) EP-A-0517357 (Merck); p) EP-A-0488532 (Squibb); q) US-A-5190942 (Squibb); r) EP-A-0508393 (Searle); s) EP-A-0400974 (Merck); and t) EP-A-0528762 (Ciba Geigy) respectively, and preferred groups are as described in these publications. Preferably Het is a group of any one of the formulae xxv, xxvi, xxvii or xxviii below:
Figure imgf000056_0001
wherein R260 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl and R261, R262 and R263 are each independently hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, nitro, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, formyl or a group of the formula -SOnR264, -SO2NR265R266 or -COR267
(wherein R264, R265 and R266 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, n is 1 or 2 and R267 is C1-4 alkyl or a group of formula -OR268 or -NR269R270 wherein
R268, R269 and R270 are each independently hydrogen or C1 -8 alkyl);
Figure imgf000057_0002
wherein R280 i s hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl ; R281 is hydrogen , chl oro , f luor ina t ed ( pre f erab ly perfluorinated) C1 -2 alkyl (preferably trif luoromethyl or pentafluoroethyl ) , aryl C 1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkylsulphinyl, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, C1-4 alkylthio, arylsulphinyl, arylsulphonyl, arylthio, arylmethyl sulphinyl, ary lmethylsulphonyl or arylmethylthio (wherein "aryl" denotes phenyl or 1- or 2-naphthyl each optionally substituted by C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or fluoro, chloro or bromo); and R282 is hydroxymethyl, formyl, carboxy, C2-4 alkoxymethyl, C2-4 alkoxycarbonyl or carboxymethyl;
Figure imgf000057_0001
wherein R290 is hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl and either R291 and R292 are each independently hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl or phenyl (optionally substituted with C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, fluoro, chloro or bromo) or R 291 and R 292 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C3-6 spirocycloalkyl ring; or
Figure imgf000058_0001
wherein A 180 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR 302- wherein R302 is C1-6 alkyl, A181 is nitrogen or methine, R300 is hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkylthio or aryl C1-4 alkyl (wherein "aryl" denotes phenyl, optionally substituted by C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or fluoro, chloro or bromo) and R301 is hydrogen, carboxy, carbamoyl or a group of formula -C(O)NR303R304 (wherein R303 and R304 are each independently C1-4 alkyl or hydroxy-substituted C1-4 alkyl or C1-4 alkyl). Preferably in groups of formula xxv, R260 is ethyl, R262 is hydrogen and R261 and R263 are both methyl.
Preferably in groups of formula xxvi, R280 is butyl and R281 is chloro.
Preferably in groups of formula xxvii, R2 90 is butyl and R291 and R292 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a spirocyclopentane ring.
Preferably in groups of formula xxviii, A180 is a group of formula -NBu-, R300 is hydrogen, and R301 is carboxy.
In preferred compounds of formula I, A50 is a group of formula (iii) above, X50 is a bond, B50 is a group of formula (xxi) above and Het is a heterocyclic ring as defined above. Preferred compounds of formula I are compounds of formula II
Figure imgf000059_0001
wherein R310 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl,
A 190 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR319- wherein R319 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl;
R 311, R 312 R 313 and R 314 are each independently hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, nitro, cyano, carboxy, C2-4 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-4 alkylthio, C1-4 alkylsulphinyl, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, phenyl (optionally substituted by C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, fluoro, chloro or bromo), C1-4 alkylsulphonylamino or C1-6 alkylaminosulphonyl; R315 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl;
and R316, R317 and R318 are each independently hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, nitro, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, formyl or a group of the formula -SOgR320, -SO2NR321R322 or -COR323 (wherein R320, R321, R322 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, g is 1 or 2 and R323 is C1-4 alkyl or a group of the formula -OR324 or -NR325R326 wherein R324, R325 and R326 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
Particularly preferred compounds of formula I are represented by formula III
Figure imgf000060_0001
wherein A190, R310, R315, R316, R317 and R318 are each as defined above; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
Especially preferred compounds of formula I are represented by formula IV:
Figure imgf000061_0002
in which A190, and R310 are as defined above;
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
In preferred compounds of formulae II, III and IV, A190 is oxygen and R310 is hydrogen. Further preferred compounds of formula I are represented by formula V
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein R330 is C2-10 alkyl, C3-10 alkenyl or a group of formula - (CH2)hC3-6cycloalkyl, or - (CH2)hphenyl, wherein h is 0 or an integer from 1 to 8 (optionally substituted by up to three of C1-6 alkyl, nitro, cyano, halo, fluoro, C1-3 perfluoroalkyl, C1-3 perfluoroalkylsulphonyl, C1-6alkylsulphonyl, C1-6 alkylthio, hydroxy, C1-6 alkoxy, or a group of formula -NR334R335, -CO2R334, -CONR334R335, -PO(OR334)2, -NR334CHO,
-NR334O(C1-6 alkyl) or -NR334COR336 (wherein R334 and R335 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl and R336 is C1-3 perfluoroalkyl);
A200 is a bond, sulphur or oxygen;
R331 is hydrogen, halo, fluoro, formyl, nitro, C1-3 perfluoroalkyl, cyano, C1-6 alkyl, phenyl, hydroxymethyl, or a group of formula -CO2R338, -CONR338R339 or -NR338R339 (wherein R338 and R339 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl);
m is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4;
B60 is 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-naphthylene, or 2,5-pyridylene, optionally substituted with one or more of halo, fluoro, C1-4 alkyl, nitro, hydroxy, C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, C1- 3 perfluoroalkyl, nitrile, or a group of formula -SO2NHR388, -NHSO2R338 or -CONR338R339 (wherein R338 and R339 are each as defined above);
A201 is oxygen, sulphur, or a group of formula -NR337- (wherein R337 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl);
R333 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl; and R332 is a group selected from the groups represented by xxx to xxxiii below:
wherein R340 and R341 are each independently hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl or a group of formula phenyl-Y70-, biphenyl-Y70-, naphthyl-Y70-, thienyl-Y70-, furyl-Y70-, pyridyl-Y70-, pyrazolyl-Y70-, imidazolyl-Y70-, pyrrolyl-Y70-, triazolyl-Y70-, oxazolyl-Y70-, isoxazolyl-Y70-, thiazolyl -Y70-, or tetrazolyl-Y70-, with each aryl or heteroaryl group optionally substituted by hydroxy, nitro, C1-3 perfluoroalkyl, C1-3 perfluoroalkylsulphonyl, C1-6 alkylthio, C1-6 alkylsulphonyl, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, halo, fluoro or a group of formula -NR343R344' -CO2R343 -SO2NHR343, -SO3H, -CONR343R344, -NR343CHO, -NR343CO(C1-3perfluoroalkyl), or -NR343CO(C1-6 alkyl) wherein R343 and R344 are each independently hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl; Y70 is a bond, oxygen, sulphur or C1-6 alkylene optionally substituted by phenyl or benzyl, (wherein each phenyl or benzyl group is optionally substituted by halo, nitro, trifluoromethyl, C1 - 6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, cyano or a group of formula -CO2R345 wherein R345 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl); R342 is -Y71-COOR346 (wherein R34g is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, or 2-di(C1-6 alkyl)-amino-2-oxoethyl); -Y71-CONR347R348 (wherein R347 and R348 are each independently hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl), or -Y71-tetrazol-5-yl (wherein Y71 is a bond, vinylene, methyleneoxymethylene, methylene (each optionally substituted by C1-6 alkyl, one or two benzyl groups, thienylmethyl, furylmethyl), or a group of formula C(O)NHCHR349-, (wherein R349 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, thienylmethyl, or furylmethyl));
Figure imgf000064_0001
wherein R350 and R351 are each independently hydrogen or C1 -6 alkyl; R352 is hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, or a group of formula thienylY80-, furyl-Y80-, pyrazolyl-Y80-, imidazolylY80 thiazolyl -Y80 pyridyl-Y80-, tetrazolyl-Y80- pyrrolyl-Y80- triazolyl-Y80-, oxazolyl-Y80- isoxazolyl-Y80- or phenyl-Y8Q- (wherein Y80 is a bond or C1-6 alkylene) with each aryl or heteroaryl group optionally substituted by C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C1-4 perfluoroalkyl, C1 -6 alkylthio, C 1 - 6 a l ky l s u l ph ony l , C 1 - 4 perfluoroalkylsulphonyl, halo, hydroxy, nitro or a group of formula -NR354R355, -CO2R354,
-SO2NHR3 54 , -SO3H , -CONR3 54R3 55 , -NR354CHO,
-NR354COR356, or -NR354COC1-6 alkyl (wherein R354 and R355 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl and R356 is C1-4 perfluoroalkyl); R353 is a group of formula -CO2R358, -CONR358R357, or tetrazol-5-yl (wherein R357 and R358 are each hydrogen or
C1-6 alky ; and
n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5;
Figure imgf000065_0001
wherein R360 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 alkenyl, C1 - 5 alkylcarbonyl, or a group of formula -(CH2)0-3 phenyl; R361 i s hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 alkenyl, or -(CH2)0-3 phenyl;
R 362 is a group of formula -CO2R364,
-CONR364R365, (wherein R364 and R365 are each independently hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl) or tetrazol-5-yl ;
n and p are each independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 4; and
R 363 is phenyl, naphthyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, or isoxazolyl, with each aryl or heteroaryl group optionally substituted by C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, halo, fluoro, hydroxy, nitro C1-4 perfluoroalkyl C 1-6 alkylsulphonyl, C1-4 perfluoroalkylsulphonyl,
C 1-6 alkylthio, or a group of formula
-NR366R367, -CO2R366, -CONR366R367, -SO3H, -SO2NHR366, -NR366CHO; -NR366CO(C1-4 perfluoroalkyl) or -NRCOC1-6 alkyl (wherein
R366 and R367 are each independently hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl);
Figure imgf000066_0001
wherein R370 is a group of formula -CO2R373, CONR373R374, or tetrazol-5-yl; A210 is a hond or a carbonyl group; R371 is hydrogen, C1-8 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenyl C1-4 alkylene or biphenyl or biphenyl C1-3 alkylene wherein each phenyl group is optionally substituted by up to three substituents selected from C1-6 alkyl, nitro, halo, fluoro, hydroxy, C1-6 alkyl, or a group of formula -NR375R376, -CO2R376, or -CONR375R376 (wherein R372 and R376 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl); R372 is hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl; R373 and R374 are independently hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, or a group of the formula -(CH2)0-4 phenyl; and n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4.
In preferred compounds of formula V, B60 is 1,4-phenylene, optionally substituted as in the definition above. Preferred compounds of formula V are represented by formula VI:
Figure imgf000067_0001
wherein R330, A200, R331, R332, A201 and R333 are each as defined above, and R 400 and R401 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C1-4 alkyl, nitro, hydroxy, C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, C1 - 3 perfluoroalkyl, nitrilo oorr aa group of formula -SO2NHR402, -NHSO2R402 or CONR402R403 (wherein R402 and R403 are each hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl); and the other substituents are each as defined above.
Where not otherwise indicated, the terms "alkyl", "alkenyl", and "alkynyl" as used above denote straight or branched radicals having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and more preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Where not otherwise indicated, the term "aryl" as used above denotes phenyl or naphthyl, optionally substituted with halo, fluoro, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, C1 - 4 alkylthio, hydroxy, amino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, carboxy or carboxy esterified with C1-4 alkyl. Where not otherwise indicated, the term "heteroaryl" as used above denotes a five or six membered aromatic ring containing up to 3 of oxygen, nitrogen and/or sulphur and optionally substituted by hydroxy, sulphydryl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, halo, fluoro, nitro, carboxy, carboxy esterified with C1-4 alkyl, amino, C1-4 alkylamino or di(C1-4 alkyl) amino.
It will be understood that a group containing a chain of 3 or more carbon atoms may be straight or branched, for example, propyl includes n-propyl and isopropyl and butyl includes n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl. The term "halo" as used herein signifies bromo, chloro or iodo. Specific compounds of the present invention are:
3-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
3-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
3-amino-4-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b] pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
3-[4'-(5,7-dimethyl-2-propyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
3-[4'-(5,7-dimethyl-2-propyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl- 2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
2-ethyl-3-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl) biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-5,7,N,N-tetramethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine-6-sulphonamide;
2-ethyl-3-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-5,7,N,N.-tetramethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-lo]pyridine-6-sulphonamide; 3-[4'-(6-chloro-2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]-pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
2-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl-oxymethyl pivalate;
4-ethyl-1-[2'-(3,4-dioxo-2-isopropoxycyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl] -2-propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde;
4-ethyl-1-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)¬biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-2-propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde;
3-dimethylamino-4-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
1-[2-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yloxy]-ethyl pivalate;
ethyl 4-[N-butyl-N-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]amino]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate;
ethyl 4-[N-butyl-N-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate;
4-[N-butyl-N-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)-biphenyl-4-ylmethylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid;
3-[4'-(2-butyl-5-oxo-2-imidazoline-4-spirocyclopent-1-7ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
3-[4'-(2-butyl-5-oxo-2-imidazoline-4-spirocyclopent-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl)]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde;
2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde; 3-[4'-(2-butyl-4-chloro-5-hydroxymethyl-1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
methyl 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate;
methyl 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate;
2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid; and
(E)-2-benzyl-3-[2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[4-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-ylbenzyl]-1H-imidazol-5-yl]-propenoic acid; and, where appropriate, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or solvates thereof, such as alkali metal salts, preferably sodium salts, and hydrochlorides.
The present invention also provides compounds of formula I to VI wherein A51 A190 and A201 are each oxygen modified in that R50, R310 and R333 are each a group capable of being hydrolysed in vivo to leave compounds of formula I to VI wherein R50, R310 and R333 are hydrogen, such groups including groups of formula xxxv
Figure imgf000070_0001
wherein R410 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl and R411 is C1-4 alkyl or C3-6 cycloalkyl; those of formula xxxvi
Figure imgf000071_0002
wherein R412 and R413 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl; and those of formula xxxvii
Figure imgf000071_0001
wherein R414 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl.
Compounds bearing such groups are commonly described as 'pro-drugs'. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that a wide variety of other groups which are removable in vivo may be used in such 'pro-drugs'. Examples of such groups and methods for their addition can be found in an article by H. Bundgaard, (Drugs of the Future (1991), lj6, 443) and in the books "Design of Prodrugs" (Editor H Bundgaard, 1985 Elsevier Science Publishers BV, Biomedical Division) and "Pro-drugs as Novel Drug Delivery Systems" (Editors T Higuchi and V Stella, 1975, ACS Symposium Series 14, American Chemical Society, Washington DC). Unless otherwise stated, all references below to 'compounds of formula I to VI' include, where appropriate, such 'prodrugs' of compounds of formula I to VI. Compounds of formula I to VI may form salts with acids or bases. Reference hereinafter to compounds of formula I to VI includes all such salts of compounds of formula I to VI which are pharmaceutically acceptable. Particularly suitable salts of compounds of formula I to VI include, for example, alkali metal salts (such as sodium and potassium salts), alkaline earth metal salts (such as magnesium and calcium salts), aluminium and ammonium salts, salts with suitable organic bases such as alkylamines, N-methyl-D-glucamine and salts with amino acids such as arginine and lysine. Also suitable are salts with inorganic acids, for example hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulphates and phosphates, and salts with organic acids, for example maleates andfumarates.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain compounds of formula I to VI or their salts contain one or more chiral centres. When a compound of formula I to VI contains a single chiral centre it may exist in two enantiomeric forms which may be obtained separately by methods known to those skilled in the art. Such methods typically include resolution via formation of diastereoisomeric salts or complexes which may be separated, for example, by crystallisation; formation of diastereoisomeric derivatives which may be separated, for example, by crystallisation, gas-liquid or liquid chromatography; selective derivatisation of one enantiomer by reaction with an enantiomer-specific reagent, for example enzymatic oxidation or reduction; or gas-liquid or liquid chromatography in a chiral environment, for example on a chiral support or in the presence of a chiral solvent. Alternatively, specific enantiomers may be synthesised by asymmetric synthesis using optically active reagents, substrates, catalysts or solvents, or converting one enantiomer into the other by asymmetric transformation. The present invention includes each enantiomer of compounds of formula I to VI and mixtures thereof. When a compound of formula I to VI contains more than one chiral centre it may exist in diastereoisomeric forms. The diastereoisomers may be separated by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example chromatography or crystallisation. The present invention includes each diastereoisomer of compounds of formula I to VI and mixtures thereof . It will be appreciated that where the active moiety is transformed by the separation procedures described above, a further step is required to convert the product to the active moiety.
Certain compounds of formula I to VI or their salts may exist in more than one crystal form and the present invention includes each crystal form and mixtures thereof.
Certain compounds of formula I to VI may exist in zwitterionic form and the present invention includes each zwitterionic form and mixtures thereof.
Certain compounds of formula I to VI or their salts may also exist in the form of solvates, for example hydrates, and the present invention includes each solvate and mixtures thereof. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions which comprise a compound of formula I to VI or salts thereof together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier. Specific compounds which may be incorporated into the compositions of this invention are the novel compounds disclosed above. As used hereinafter, the term "active compound" denotes a compound of formula I to VI, preferably formula II. In therapeutic use the active compound may be administered orally, rectally, parenterally or topically, preferably orally. Thus the therapeutic compositions of the present invention may take the form of any of the known pharmaceutical compositions for oral, rectal, parenteral or topical administration. The compositions may be formulated in a manner known to those skilled in the art so as to give a controlled release of the compounds of the present invention. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers suitable for use in such compositions are well known in the art of pharmacy. The compositions of the invention suitably contain 0.1-90% by weight of active compound. The compositions of the invention are generally prepared in unit dosage form.
Compositions for oral administration are the preferred compositions of the invention and these are the known pharmaceutical forms for such administration, for example tablets, capsules, syrups and aqueous or oily suspensions. The excipients used in the preparation of these compositions are the excipients known in the pharmacists' art. Tablets may be prepared by mixing the active compound with an inert diluent, such as lactose or calcium phosphate, in the presence of disintegrating agents, for example maize starch, and lubricating agents, for example magnesium stearate, and tableting the mixture by known methods. Such tablets may if desired be provided with enteric coatings by known methods, for example by the use of cellulose acetate phthalate. Similarly capsules, for example hard or soft gelatin capsules containing the active compound with or without added excipients, may be prepared by conventional means and, if desired, provided with enteric coatings in a known manner. Enteric coated compositions of the invention may be advantageous, depending on the nature of the active compound. The tablets and capsules may conveniently each contain 1-500 mg of the active compound. Other compositions for oral administration include, for example, aqueous suspensions containing the compound of formula I to VI in an aqueous medium in the presence of a non-toxic suspending agent such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and oily suspensions containing a compound of the present invention in a suitable vegetable oil, for example arachis oil. Compositions of the invention suitable for rectal administration are the known pharmaceutical forms for such adminstration, for example suppositories with semisynthetic glycerides or polyethylene glycol bases.
Compositions of the invention suitable for parenteral administration are the known pharmaceutical forms for such administration, for example sterile suspensions in aqueous and oily media or sterile solutions in a suitable solvent.
Compositions for topical administration may comprise a matrix in which the active compound is dispersed so that it is held in contact with the skin in order to administer the compound of formula I to VI transdermally. Alternatively the active compound may be dispersed in a cream or ointment base. In some formulations it may be beneficial to use the compounds of the present invention in the form of particles of very small size, for example as obtained by fluid energy milling.
In the compositions of the present invention the active compound may, if desired, be associated with other compatible pharmacologically active ingredients, for example a β-adrenoceptor antagonist such as atenolol, propranolol, oxprenolol, nadolol or timolol, and/or a diuretic such as bendrofluazide, ethacrynic acid or frusemide, and/or an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor such as captopril or enalapril, and/or vasodilators such as hydralazine hydrochloride, flosequinan, sodium nitroprusside, glyceryl trinitrate or molsidomine, and/or potassium channel activators such as lemakalim or pinacidil, and/or an α-adrenoceptor antagonist such as prazosin or labetalol, and/or other hypotensives such as clonidine, diazoxide, α-methyldopa or ketanserin, and/or positive inotropes such as milrinone, digitalis or dobutamine, and/or PDE inhibitors such as zaprinast, and/or specific bradycardic agents such as alinidine or falipamil, an endothelin antagonist and/or an endothelin converting enzyme inhibitor, and/or a renin inhibitor, and/or a thrombolytic agent such as streptokinase.
The therapeutic activity of compounds of formula I to VI has been demonstrated by means of tests on standard laboratory animals. Such tests include, for example, the oral administration of the compounds to a strain of spontaneously hypertensive rat. Thus, compounds of formula I to VI are useful for reducing blood pressure in hypertensive mammals. Whilst the precise amount of active compound administered will depend on a number of factors, for example the age of the patient, the severity of the condition and the past medical history and always lies within the sound discretion of the administering physician, a suitable dose for enteral administration to mammals, including humans, is generally within the range 0.01-25 mg/kg/day, more usually 0.2-10 mg/kg/day given in single or divided doses. For parenteral administration, a suitable dose is generally within the range 0.001-2.5 mg/kg/day, more usually 0.005-1 mg/kg/day given in single or divided doses or by continuous infusion. Oral administration is preferred. Compounds of formula I to VI and salts thereof are angiotensin II antagonists and therefore are useful in the treatment of hypertension in mammals, including humans. Compounds of formula I to VI are also indicated as suitable for use in the treatment of acute and chronic congestive heart failure, glaucoma, primary and secondary hyperaldosteronism, primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, renal failure, renal vascular hypertension, angina, migraine, left ventricular dysfunction, peripheral vascular disease (eg Raynaud's disease), scleroderma, diabetic nephropathy, and prevention of coronary insufficiency after myocardial infarction.
Accordingly, the present invention further provides, a method for treatment of the said conditions, the use of any compound of formula I to VI in the treatment of the said conditions and the use of any compound of formula I to VI in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of the said conditions.
Processes for the preparation of compounds of formula I will now be described. These processes form a further aspect of the present invention. Compounds of formula I wherein R50 is C1-4 alkyl, A51 is oxygen and r is 1 may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula X
Figure imgf000078_0001
wherein L is a leaving group such as halo (e.g. bromo); and R50 is C1-4 alkyl; with a corresponding compound of formula Het-H, wherein Het is as defined in the lists of structural formulae above; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably in the presence of a base. Compounds of formula Het-H may be prepared by methods described in the corresponding patent publications identified above. In particular, compounds of formula Het-H wherein Het is a group of formula xxv, xxvii and xxviii may be prepared as described in EP-A-0400974 (Merck), WO-A-9114679 (Sanofi) and EP-A-0475206 (Abbott) respectively.
Compounds of formula Het-H wherein Het is a group of formula xxvi, may be prepared by methods described in Schunack [Arch. Pharmaz. (1974) Vol. 307, p46] (for compounds wherein R8 is hydrogen), EP-A-0253310 (for compounds wherein R8 is chloro or trifluoromethyl), EP-A-0324337 (for compounds wherein R8 is pentafluoroethyl), WO-A-9200977 (for compounds wherein R8 is C1-4 alkyl) and EP-A-0465368 (for compounds wherein R8 is C1-4 alkylsulphinyl, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, C1-4 alkylthio, arylsulphinyl, arylsulphonyl, arylthio, arylmethylsulphinyl, ary lmethylsulphonyl or arylmethylthio [wherein "aryl" denotes phenyl optionally substituted by C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or fluoro, chloro or bromo]).
Compounds of formula X wherein L is halo, for example chloro or bromo, may be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula XI
Figure imgf000079_0001
with a chlorinating agent, for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, or a brominating agent, for example N-bromosuccinimide; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula XI wherein X50 is a bond such that A50 and B50 are directly bonded via a carbon-carbon bond (i.e. when A50 is a group of formula ii, iii, iv or v above and B50 is a group of formula xv, xix, xx, xxi or xxii) may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XII
Figure imgf000080_0001
wherein Hal is halo, suitably bromo or iodo; with a compound of formula XIII
CH3 - B50 - Q50 XIII wherein B50 is a group of formula xv, xix, xx, xxi or xxii above; and Q50 represents a group known for the coupling of aromatic species such as a boronic acid group of formula -B(OH)2 or a boronic acid derivative of formula -B(OAlk)2 (wherein Alk represents a C1-4 alkyl group) or a trialkylstannyl group of formula -Sn(Alk)3 (wherein Alk represents a C1-4 alkyl group); in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably by reaction in the presence of a base , such as sodium carbonate ; suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst, or by reacting in the same way compounds of formula XII and XIII modified in that substituents Q50 and Hal therein are interchanged.
Compounds of formula XIII wherein B50 is a group of formula xv, xix, xx, xxi or xxii above are either known from the patent publications identified by the letters (m) and (q) to (t) above or are readily derivable from compounds described therein by methods well-known in the art (for example by a boronation reaction in which a compound of formula XIII modified in that Q5 0 is lithium or a group of formula MgHal (wherein Hal is halo) is reacted with a trialkylborate (such as triisopropyl borate at from -100°C to 0°C) in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran) inert to the conditions of the reaction. Hydrolysis in the presence of an acid such as hydrochloric acid may if desired be carried out to produce a substituent of formula -B(OH)2 on the compound of formula XIII).
Compounds of formula XII may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XIV
Figure imgf000081_0001
wherein T is a trialkylstannyl group of formula -Sn(Alk)3 wherein Alk represents a C1-4 alkyl group (suitably a butyl group); with a compound of formula XV
Hal - A50 - I XV wherein Hal is bromo or iodo, suitably bromo; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction, suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium (0) or nickel (0) catalyst.
Compounds of formula XIV may be prepared as described by Liebeskind and Fengl in Journal of Organic Chemistry (1990) Vol.55 pp 5359/5364.
Compounds of formula XV are either known from the patent publications identified by the letters (b) to (e) above, or are readily preparable from compounds described therein, for example by appropriate use of halogenation reactions as described above. Compounds of formula XI may also be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XVI
CH3 - B50 - X50 - A50 - Met XVI wherein Met is lithium or a group of formula MgX wherein X is chloro, bromo or iodo; with a compound of formula XVII
Figure imgf000082_0001
wherein Alk is C1-4 alkyl; followed by treatment with an acylating agent, for example, with trifluoroacetic anhydride; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula XVII are available commercially from Aldrich Chemical Co. (UK).
Compounds of formula XVI may be prepared by. reacting a compound of formula XVIII CH3 - B50 - X50 - A50 - Hal XVIII wherein Hal is halo, preferably bromo; with a C1-4 alkyl lithium compound or magnesium metal; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula XVIII wherein X50 is a bond such that A50 and B50 are bonded via a carbon-carbon bond (i.e. when A50 is a group of formula ii, iii, iv or v above and B50 is a group of formula xv, xix, xx, xxi or xxii) may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XIII above with a compound of formula XIX
Hal - A50 - I XIX wherein Hal is halo or iodo and A50 is a group of formula ii, iii, iv or v above; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably by reaction in the presence of a base such as sodium carbonate; suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium (0) or nickel (0) catalyst; or by reacting in the same way compounds of formula XIII and XIX modified in that the substituents Q50 and Hal therein are interchanged.
Compounds of formula XVIII wherein X50 is a bond such that A50 and B50 are bonded via a carbon-carbon bond (i.e. when A50 is a group of formula ii, iii, iv or v above and B50 is a group of formula xv, xix, xx, xxi or xxii) may also be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XIII in which Q50 is a group of formula -MgHal (wherein Hal is bromo or chloro) with a compound of formula XX
Hal - A50 - Hal XX wherein A50 is a group of formula ii, iii, iv or v above and each Hal is independently chloro, bromo or iodo; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably by reaction in the presence of a base, such as sodium carbonate; suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst, or by reacting in the same way compounds of formula XIII and XX modified in that the substituents
Q50 and Hal therein are interchanged. Compounds of formula XIX and XX are either known from the patent publications identified by the letters (b) to (e) above, or are readily preparable from compounds described therein. Compounds of formula I wherein A51 is oxygen, r is 1 and R50 is C1-4 alkyl may also be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XXI
Het - CH2 - B50 - X50 - A50 - I XXI with a compound of formula XIV above; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst; for example a palladium (0) or nickel (0) catalyst.
Compounds of formula XXI may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XXII LCH2 - B50 - X50 - A50 - I XXII wherein L is a leaving group, suitably halo, (e.g. bromo or chloro) with a compound of the formula Het-H as described above; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably in the presence of a base. Compounds of formula XXI may also be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XXII (or a corresponding compound wherein L is amino) with a precursor of the corresponding group of formula Het, and then generating the Het moiety in situ. Suitable methods are described in the patent publications identified above.
Compounds of formula XXII wherein L is bromo or chloro may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XXIII CH3 - B50 - X50 - A50 - I XXIII with a chlorinating agent, for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, or a brominating agent, for example, N-bromosuccinimide; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula XXIII above wherein X is a bond such that A50 and B50 are bonded via a carboncarbon bond (i.e. when A50 is a group of formula ii, iii, iv or v above and B50 is a group of formula xv, xix, xx, xxi or xxii) may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XIII above with a compound of formula XIX above; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably by reaction in the presence of a base such as sodium carbonate; suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium (0) or nickel (0) catalyst, or by reacting in the same way compounds of formula XIII and XIX modified in that the substituents Q50 and Hal therein are interchanged.
It will be appreciated that where a compound of formula Het-H or a group of formula Het contains a reactive substituent, such as carboxy, it may be necessary to protect this substituent (for example by. esterification in the case of carboxy) before some of the reactions described above are carried out. After such reaction, the substituent may be deprotected (for example by acid or alkaline hydrolysis) to provide the free substituent as required.
Compounds of formula I wherein A50 is a group of formula vii above, R50 is C1-4 alkyl, X50 is a bond, r is 1 and A51 is oxygen may be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula XL
Figure imgf000086_0001
wherein L is a leaving group such as halo, (e.g. bromo); and R50 is C1-4 alkyl; with a corresponding compound of formula Het-H, wherein Het is as defined in the lists of structural formulae above; in a solvent (such as dimethylformamide) inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably in the presence of a base, such as sodium hydride.
Compounds of formula XL wherein R50 is C1-4 alkyl and L is halo, for example chloro or bromo, may be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula XLI
Figure imgf000086_0002
with a chlorinating agent, for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, or a brominating agent, for example N-bromosuccinimide; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction. Compounds of formula XLI may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XLII
Figure imgf000087_0002
with a compound of formula XVII above followed by an acylating agent, for example trifluoroacetic anhydride; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula XLII may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XLIII
Figure imgf000087_0001
with a C1-4 alkyllithium reagent, (such as butyllithium); in a solvent inert to the conditions of, the reaction.
Compounds of formula XLIII are known from WO-A-9215577 (Searle) .
Compounds of formula I wherein X50 is not a bond but is a spacer group as defined above may be prepared by reactions as above, modified by use of appropriate alternative aromatic or aliphatic coupling reactions as identified in FR-A-2669928 (Labs UPSA), EP-A-0323841 (Du Pont), EP-A-0475206 (Abbott), EP-A-0449699 (Labs UPSA), US-A-5091390 (Du Pont), US-A-4880804 (Du Pont) and US-A-5043349 (Du Pont) and the references therein.
Compounds of formula V wherein A201 is oxygen and R333 is C1-4 alkyl may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula L
Figure imgf000088_0001
with a compound of formula XIV above (wherein R50 is R333); in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst such as a palladium (0) or nickel (0) catalyst. Compounds of formula L wherein R332 is a group of formula xxx may be prepared by dehydrating a compound of formula LI
Figure imgf000088_0002
for example by reaction with an acylating agent such as acetic anhydride, followed by a base, such as diazobicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction. Compounds of formula LI may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LII
Figure imgf000089_0002
with a compound of formula R341CH2R342; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; in the presence of a base, such as lithium diisopropylamide. Compounds of formula R341CH2R342 are well-known in the art (e.g. from EP-A-0425211; Smithkline Beecham).
Compounds of formula LII may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LIII
Figure imgf000089_0001
with a compound of formula LIV
L(CH2)m - B60 - Hal LIV wherein Hal is bromo or iodo and L is a leaving group such as bromo or chloro; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; suitably in the presence of a base, such as potassium carbonate. This reaction may give rise to a mixture of isomeric products which may be separated by conventional means, for example by flash column chromatography.
Compounds of formula LIII are known from
EP-A-0425211 (Smithkline Beecham) or are readily derivable from compounds described therein by methods well-known in the art.
Compounds of formula LIV are well-known in the art.
Compounds of formula L wherein R332 is a group of formula xxxi may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LV
Figure imgf000090_0001
wherein Hal is bromo or iodo with a compound of formula LVI
Figure imgf000090_0002
in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; suitably in the presence of a catalyst, such as N- hydroxysuccinimide. Compounds of formula LV may be prepared as described in EP-A-0437103 (Smithkline Beecham).
Compounds of formula LVI may be prepared as described in EP-A-0437103 (Smithkline Beecham). Compounds of formula L wherein R332 is a group of formula xxxii may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LVII
Figure imgf000091_0001
wherein Hal is bromo or chloro and L is a leaving group such as chloro; with a compound of formula LVIII
Figure imgf000091_0002
in a solvent (such as dimethylformamide) inert to the conditions of the reaction; suitably in the presence of a base, such as triethylamine.
Compounds of formula LVIII may be prepared as described in EP-A-0427463 (Smithkline Beecham). Compounds of formula LVII wherein n is greater than 1, are known from US-A-4340598 (Takeda) or are readily derivable from compounds described therein by methods well-known in the art.
Compounds of formula LVII wherein L is halo and n is 1 may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LIX
Figure imgf000092_0001
wherein Hal is bromo or chloro; with a halogenating agent, such as thionyl chloride; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula LIX may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LX
Figure imgf000092_0002
with a reducing agent, such as sodium borohydride; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula LX may be prepared as described in EP-A-0427463 (Smithkline Beecham). Compounds of formula L wherein R332 is a group of formula xxxiii wherein R370 is carboxyl, A210 i s carbonyl and R372 is C1-6 alkyl may be prepared by hydrolysing a compound of formula LXI
Figure imgf000093_0001
wherein R372 is C1-6 alkyl and R373 is as defined above but is not hydrogen; for example with a base, such as aqueous sodium carbonate solution; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula LXI wherein R372 is C1-6 alkyl may be prepared by reacting a corresponding compound wherein R372 is hydrogen, with a base, such as sodium hydride, followed by a C1-6 alkyl halide; in a solvent inert to the conditions of reaction.
Compounds of formula LXI wherein R372 is hydrogen may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LVII above wherein L is chloro with a compound of formula LXII
Figure imgf000093_0002
wherein R373 is as defined above but is not hydrogen; in a solvent (such as dimethylformamide) inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula LXII may be prepared as described in WO-A-9200068 (Smithkline Beecham).
Compounds of formula L wherein R332 is a group of formula xxxiii wherein R370 is a group of formula
-CO2R373, A210 is a bond and R371 and R372 are both hydrogen may be prepared by hydrolysing a compound of formula LXIII
Figure imgf000094_0001
wherein R373 is as defined above but is not hydrogen for example by hydrolysis with dilute aqueous acid, such as hydrochloric acid; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction. Compounds of formula LXIII may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LVII wherein L is chloro with a compound of formula LXIV
Figure imgf000094_0002
wherein R373 is as defined above except hydrogen; in a solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran) inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula LXIV may be prepared as described in WO-A-9200068 (Smithkline Beecham) .
Compounds of formula II, (preferred compounds of the present invention), wherein R3 1 0 is C1 -4 alkyl and A190 is oxygen may be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula LXX
Figure imgf000095_0001
wherein L is a leaving group such as halo and R320 i s C1 -4 alkyl; with a corresponding compound of formula Het-H, wherein Het is a group of formula xxxviii
Figure imgf000095_0002
in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably in the presence of a base. Compounds of formula LXX wherein L is halo, for example chloro or bromo, may be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula LXXI
Figure imgf000096_0001
wherein R310 is C1-4 alkyl; with a halogenating agent such as a chlorinating agent, for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, or a brominating agent, for example N-bromosuccinimide, in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula LXXI may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXXII
Figure imgf000096_0002
wherein Hal is halo, suitably bromo or iodo and R310 is C1-4 alkyl; with a compound of formula LXXIII
Figure imgf000097_0001
wherein Q50 represents a boronic acid group of formula -B(OH)2 or a trialkylstannyl group of formula -Sn(Alk)3 (wherein Alk represents a C1-4 alkyl group); in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably by reaction in the presence of a base, such as sodium carbonate; suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst.
Compounds of formula LXXIII are well known in the art. Compounds of formula LXXII may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXXIV
Figure imgf000097_0002
wherein R310 is C1-4 alkyl and T is a trialkylstannyl group of formula -Sn(Alk)3 wherein Alk represents a C1-4 alkyl group, (suitably a butyl group); with a compound of formula LXXV
Figure imgf000098_0001
wherein Hal is bromo or iodo, suitably bromo in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction, suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst. Compounds of formula LXXIV may be prepared as described by Liebeskind and Fengl in Journal of Organic Chemistry (1990) Vol.55 pp 5359/5364.
Compounds of formula LXXV are well-known in the art and are available commercially from Lancaster Synthesis Ltd or Aldrich Chemical Co. (UK).
Compounds of formula LXXI may also be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXXVI
Figure imgf000098_0002
wherein Met is lithium or a group of formula MgX wherein X is chloro, bromo or iodo; with a compound of formula LXXVII
Figure imgf000099_0002
wherein R310 is C1-4 alkyl and Alk is C1-4 alkyl; followed by reaction with an acylating agent, for example, with trifluoroacetic anhydride; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula LXXVII are well-known in the art and are available commercially from Aldrich Chemical Co. (UK).
Compounds of formula LXXVI may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXXVIII
Figure imgf000099_0001
wherein Hal is halo, preferably bromo; with a C1-4 alkyl lithium compound or magnesium metal; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction. Compounds of formula LXXVIII are described in Gomberg and Pernert (J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1926) Vol 48, p1373) and may be obtained as described therein.
They may also be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXXIII modified in that Q50 is a group of formula MgHal (wherein Hal is chloro, bromo or iodo) with 1,2-diiodobenzene, 1,2-bromoiodobenzene, 1,2-dibromobenzene, or 1,2-bromochlorobenzene (substituted with R311 and/or R312 groups as appropriate) in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; in the presence of a palladium(O) or nickel(O) catalyst.
Compounds of formula LXXIII modified in that Q50 is a group of formula MgHal may be prepared by reacting corresponding compounds wherein Q50 is chloro, bromo or iodo with magnesium metal; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula II wherein A190 is oxygen and R310 is lower alkyl may also be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXXIX
Figure imgf000100_0001
wherein Het is a group of formula xxxviii above; with a compound of formula LXXIV above, in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction, suitably in the presence of a metal catalyst, for example a palladium(O) or nickel (0) catalyst.
Compounds of formula LXXIX may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXXX
Figure imgf000101_0001
wherein L is a leaving group, suitably halo, (e.g. bromo or chloro); with a compound of the formula Het-H (wherein Het is a group of formula xxxviii above), in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction, preferably in the presence of a base.
Compounds of formula LXXX wherein L is bromo or chloro may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXXXI
Figure imgf000102_0001
with a chlorinating agent, for example benzyltriethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, or a brominating agent, for example, N-bromosuccinimide.
Compounds of formula LXXXI are known from Hammerschmidt and Vogtle (Chem. Ber. (1979) Vol. 112 pl785) and may be obtained as described therein.
Compounds of formula Het-H wherein Het is a group of formula xxxviii above, wherein R316, R317 and R318 are each independently hydrogen, C1 - 4 alkyl, nitro, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano or formyl may be prepared by methods described in EP-A-0400974 (Merck).
Compounds of formula Het-H wherein Het is a group of formula xxxviii above wherein R317 is a group of the formula -SO2NR320R321 may be prepared by reacting a corresponding compound of formula Het-H modified in that R317 is a sulphonyl chloride group; with an amine of the formula HNR320R321 or a salt thereof; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula Het-H wherein Het is a group of formula xxxviii modified in that R317 is a sulphonyl chloride group may be prepared by reacting corresponding compounds of formula Het-H wherein R317 is an amino group; with a diazotising agent, such as an alkali metal nitrite, under appropriate conditions (e.g. in the presence of concentrated hydrochloric acid at less than 5°C); with addition of a source of copper (I) ions (e.g. by addition of cuprous chloride) and sulphur dioxide; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula Het-H wherein Het is a group of formula xxxviii wherein R317 is an amino group may be prepared by reducing a corresponding compound wherein R317 is a nitro group with a reducing agent, for example hydrogen gas with a catalyst such as a palladium metal catalyst.
Compounds of formula I modified in that R50 is a group of formula xxxv, xxxvi, or xxxvii above (i.e. socalled 'pro-drugs') may be prepared by reacting an alkali metal salt of a compound of formula I above wherein A51 is oxygen and R50 is hydrogen with compounds of structures xxxv, xxxvi or xxxvii above respectively wherein the free valency shown in said structures is attached to halo, suitably chloro in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; preferably in the presence of an alkali metal iodide, for example potassium iodide.
Compounds of formula I wherein A51 is oxygen and R50 is hydrogen may be prepared by hydrolysis of a compound of formula I wherein A51 is oxygen and A50 is lower alkyl (prepared as described above), for example, by heating under acid or alkaline conditions.
Alternatively, compounds of formula I wherein A51 is oxygen and R50 is hydrogen may be prepared by deprotecting compounds of formula I in which A51 is oxygen modified in that R50 represents a protecting group, for example:
1) an aralkyl group, by ether cleavage, for example using hydrobromic acid in a liquid inert to the conditions of the reaction;
2) an aralkyl group (for example benzyl or trityl) for example by hydrogenolysis e.g. with hydrogen over palladium on carbon; or
3) a trialkylsilyl group (for example t.-butyldimethylsilyl) by methods of desilylating known to those skilled in the art, for example, by reaction with a source of fluoride, e.g. tetrabutylammonium fluoride).
It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that a wide variety of other protecting groups may be used. Examples of such protecting groups and methods for their addition and removal can be found in the textbook "Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis" by T.W. Greene, John Wiley & Sons, 1981. It will also be appreciated that reactions described above with respect to compounds wherein R^0 is C1-4 alkyl may also be carried out by use of corresponding compounds modified in that R^0 is a protecting group as described above. In a further aspect, therefore, the present invention provides novel intermediate compounds of the formula XC
Figure imgf000105_0002
wherein Z is a protecting group of the type described above.
Compounds of formula I wherein A51 is sulphur or a group of the formula -NR52- may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XCI
Figure imgf000105_0001
wherein Hal is halo, suitably bromo or chloro; with a compound of the formula HSR50 or HNR50R52 respectively, (or their alkali metal salts); in a solvent (such as pyridine) inert to the conditions of the reaction. Preferably, where A51 is sulphur, this reaction is followed by treatment with a strong acid, such as concentrated hydrochloric acid. Any salt formed may be neutralised, if desired, to provide the corresponding free acid. Compounds of formula I wherein A is sulphur or a group of formula -NR52- and R51 is C1-4 alkyl may also be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula XCI with hydrogen sulphide or ammonia respectively, followed by treatment with an alkylating agent as required. Compounds of formula XCI may be prepared by reacting a salt, suitably an alkali metal salt, of a compound of formula I wherein A51 is oxygen and R50 is hydrogen; with a halogenating agent, suitably a chlorinating agent such as oxalyl chloride; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
Compounds of formula I wherein A51 is -NR52wherein R52 is as defined above may also be prepared by treating a compound of formula I wherein A51 is oxygen and R50 is C1-4 alkyl with a compound of formula HNR50R52 or alkali metal salts thereof, in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
All novel intermediate compounds herein described containing a cyclobutenedione ring are key intermediates in the present invention and form a further aspect of the invention.
Novel intermediates are also provided which correspond to the preferred structures of formula I above (i.e. structures of formulae II, III and IV, modified in that R3 1 0 is a protecting group as described above).
Salts of compounds of formula I which are also within the scope of this invention may be prepared by conventional means such as by reacting the free acid or free base forms of the compound of formula I with one or more equivalents of the appropriate base or acid.
The therapeutic activity of compounds of formula I has been demonstrated by the following tests. In test A the binding affinity of compounds to the adrenal membrane angiotensin II receptor was determined in vitro and in tests B and C the antihypertensive effect of the compounds was measured in vivo. A detailed description of the tests follows.
Test A
1) Preparation of Membranes Adrenal glands from male New Zealand white rabbits were homogenised on ice in 20 mM aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution containing 50 μM PMSF
(phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride) (2 ml/g wet weight) using a Polytron (Trademark) homogeniser for 3 x 15 seconds at setting 8. The homogenate was centrifuged at 900 g for 10 minutes at 4°C and the pellet was discarded. The supernatant was recentrifuged at 30000 g for 30 minutes at 4°C, and the resulting pellet was resuspended in assay buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, containing 1 mM EDTA, 6.5 mM MgCl2, 125 mM NaCl, 50 μM PMSF, 5 μg/ml pepstatin and 50 μg/ml each of leupeptin, antipain, aprotinin and chymostatin): 10 ml per g original tissue wet weight. Polyethylene glycol was added (final concentration 30%) as a cryopreservant and the membrane preparation divided into aliquots and stored at -80°C until required. Protein was determined by a modification of the method of Lowry (Markwellet al, (1978) Anal. Biochem., 87 : 206-210).
2) Binding Assay Aliquots of rabbit adrenal membranes containing 1030 μg protein were incubated with 0.05 nM [125 I]-angiotensin II in the presence or absence of potential angiotensin II antagonists in 1 ml polyamide tubes in a total volume of 200 μl assay buffer. After incubation for 60 minutes at 25°C the reaction was terminated by the addition of ice-cold assay buffer, and the bound and free radioactivity was separated through Skatron
(Trademark) receptor-binding filters, pre-wetted with assay buffer, using a Skatron cell harvester. The filters were washed with ice-cold phosphate buffered saline, dried, and the trapped radioactivity was determined using a gamma counter. Non-specific binding, measured in the presence of 2 μM unlabelled angiotensin
II, was subtracted from total binding to obtain specific binding. Radioligand binding curves were analysed using EBDA and LIGAND (Cambridge Biosoft). Values for binding affinity were obtained by nonlinear regression analysis of untransformed data.
The activities of the compounds described in the Examples given hereinafter are set out below in Table A, Column 1.
Test B
Female rats, weight range 180-240 g, of the AokiOkamoto strain of spontaneously hypertensive rat were used. The rats in groups of four were fasted overnight before administration of the test compound. Blood pressure was determined in the following way. The rats were placed in a cabinet kept at 38°C with their tails, protruding through holes in the cabinet. After 30 minutes in the cabinet blood pressure was measured using an inflatable cuff placed round the base of the tail and arterial pulsations monitored with a pneumatic pulse transducer. A pressure, greater than the expected blood pressure, was applied to the cuff, and this pressure was slowly reduced. The pressure in the cuff at which arterial pulsations reappeared was taken as the blood pressure. The rats were removed from the cabinet and each group orally dosed with a given dose of the test compound given as a solution or suspension in 0.25% aqueous carboxymethylcellulose. In addition to the predose reading, blood pressure was measured at 1.5 and 5.0 hours after dosing. The degree of blood pressure reduction sufficient to achieve a significance level of p<0.01 compared to controls was 9% after correction for control changes at appropriate time intervals. Thus, compounds were considered to be active in this test if they produced a reduction of blood pressure after correction of 9% or greater than 9%. Threshold antihypertensive doses of compounds of formula I were determined in the following way. Compounds were tested initially at a particular dose level, for example 90 mg/kg. If the compound was considered sufficiently active (giving a reduction of blood pressure equal to or greater than 16% after correction) it was retested at a lower dose level, for example 30 mg/kg. By testing at successively lower dose levels, a threshold antihypertensive dose (dose giving a reduction of blood pressure of between 9 and 16% after correction) was determined. Compounds inactive at a particular dose level and giving a reduction of blood pressure equal to or greater than 16% after correction at the next highest dose level were designated as having a threshold antihypertensive dose within the range covered by the two dose levels.
The activities of the compounds described in the Examples given hereinafter are set out below in Table A, Column 2. Test C
The procedure of Test B above was carried out subject to the modification of pretreating the rats with bendrofluazide 10 mg/kg (an orally administered diuretic) at 16 hours and 2 hours prior to the dose of the test compound, to ensure activation of the reninangiotensin system.
The activities of the compounds described in the Examples given hereinafter are set out below in Table A, Column 3.
The antihypertensive activity of the compounds of the present invention may also be demonstrated in rats in which the renin-angiotensin system has been activated by surgical intervention.
Figure imgf000111_0001
The invention is illustrated by the following nonlimitative Examples in which compositions of mixed solvents are given by volume. Novel compounds were characterised by one or more of the following: elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance and infra-red spectroscopy . Flash chromatography was performed according to the method of Still et al., J. Org. Chem. (1978), Vol. 43, pp 2923-5.
Example 1 a) A mixture of 3-isopropoxy-4-tributylstannylcyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (4.68 g; preparable as described in Liebeskind and Fengl, Journal of Organic Chemistry (1990), Vol.55, pp 5359/5364), 1- bromo-2-iodobenzene (3.54 g), dry dimethylformamide
(15 ml), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine)palladium(O)
(0.606 g) and cuprous iodide (0.196 g) was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere at ambient temperature for approximately 2.5 hours then kept at ambient temperature for 3 days. Diethyl ether (225 ml) was added, and the mixture obtained was washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (225 ml) and then with 10% aqueous potassium fluoride solution (3 × 225 ml). The organic phase was filtered through a silica bed (5 cm diameter × 1 cm depth), and the collected solids were washed with diethyl ether (50 ml). The resulting orange filtrate and washings were combined and evaporated to give a semi-solid brown oil, which was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (loading in dichloromethane and eluting with 20% diethyl ether in petroleum ether (b.p. 40-60°C)) to give the intermediate compound 3-(2-bromophenyl)-4- isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione, as a yellow oil (2.16 g). b) The product from Example 1(a) above (2.16 g) was dissolved in toluene (170 ml) and to this was added 4-methylbenzeneboronic acid (1.94 g), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(O) (0.53 g), ethanol (8.3 ml) and aqueous sodium carbonate solution (2M; 8.3 ml). The resulting mixture was heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3.5 hours. The dark reaction mixture obtained was allowed to cool to ambient temperature then washed with water (2 × 50 ml). The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulphate, then evaporated to give a brown oil (3.37 g), which was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with dichloromethane), to give a yellow oil (1.48 g) .
Trituration of this oil with 1:1 petroleum ether
(b.p. 40-60°C) :diethyl ether gave a suspension of a yellow solid. The solution was removed and the solid residue obtained was washed with petroleum ether (b.p. 40-60°C) and dried in vacuo to give the further intermediate compound 3-isopropoxy-4-(4'- methylbiphenyl-2-yl)cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione as a pale yellow solid (0.96 g; m.p. 126-130°C). c) 3-Isopropoxy-4-(4'-methylbiphenyl-2-yl)cyclobut-3- ene-1,2-dione (1.24 g; preparable as described in Example 1(b)), carbon tetrachloride (40 ml), recrystallised N-bromosuccinimide (0.79 g) and AIBN (azobis (isobutyronitrile)) (40 mg) were heated together under reflux for 4.5 hours. Further AIBN
(23 mg) was added and reflux was continued for a further 4.5 hours. The mixture was kept at ambient temperature for approximately 16 hours, then cooled briefly in ice-water. The resulting yellow supernatant was removed. The off-white solid obtained was washed with cold carbon tetrachloride (approx. 3 ml). The resulting yellow supernatant and washings were combined and evaporated to give a yellow oil which was dried in vacuo to give the further intermediate compound
3-(4'-bromomethylbiphenyl-2-yl)-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (1.74 g). d) 2-Ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (0.66 g; preparable as described in Mantio et al, J. Med. Chem. 3±, (1991), pp 2919/2922 and in EP-A-0400974; Merck), and anhydrous potassium carbonate (1.02 g) were added to a solution of 3- (4'-bromomethylbiphenyl-2-yl)-4-isopropoxycyclobut- 3-ene-1,2-dione (1.88 g; preparable as described in Example 1(c)) in dry dimethylformamide (10 ml) and the resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for approximately 16 hours. More 2- ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (0.33 g) was added to the dark reaction solution obtained, and stirring was continued at ambient temperature for an additional 24 hours. The resulting dark mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate (100 ml) and water (50 ml). The organic layer was then separated, washed with water (50 ml), and dried over magnesium sulphate. The resulting solution was evaporated to leave a dark oil which was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with 1% industrial methylated spirit in dichloromethane) followed by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate) and flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with 0% rising to 2% methanol in dichloromethane) to give 3-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7- dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-bJpyrid-3-ylmethyl)- biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2- dione, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow foam (0.176 g) which melted slowly at 60°C or above. Example 2 a) A mixture of 1,2-diiodobenzene (6.6 g) and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine)palladium(O) (0.34 g) in AR toluene (100 ml) was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere at ambient temperature. A solution of sodium carbonate (2 g) in water (15 ml) was added. The resulting orange mixture was stirred and heated under reflux while a solution of 4-methylbenzeneboronic acid (1.36 g) in industrial methylated spirit (40 ml) was added dropwise over a period of 40 minutes. The mixture obtained was heated under reflux for an additional 4 hours, then cooled to ambient temperature. Aqueous hydrogen peroxide (30%; 1 ml) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred for 1 hour at ambient temperature.
Saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (50 ml) was then added and the organic phase was separated.
The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate
(2 × 50 ml) and the combined organic phases were washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (1 × 70 ml), dried over magnesium sulphate and evaporated to give an orange oil. This oil was triturated with petroleum ether (b.p. 40-60°C) (200 ml) to give a gum which was partially purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with petroleum ether (b.p. 40-60°C): ethyl acetate
(4:1)) then further purified by high performance liquid chromatography on a silica column (eluting with petroleum ether (b.p. 60-80°C) at 200 ml/minute), to give the intermediate compound
2'-iodo-4-methylbiphenyl as a colourless oil
(1.3 g). The product from Example 2(a) above (1.23 g) was dissolved in carbon tetrachloride (30 ml). N-bromosuccinimide (0.82 g) was added followed by
AIBN (33 mg). The mixture obtained was heated under reflux for 4.5 hours then kept for approximately 16 hours at ambient temperature. The resulting pink supernatant solution was removed, and the residual white solid obtained was triturated with additional carbon tetrachloride (approx. 3 ml). The supernatant and washings from the trituration were combined and then evaporated to give the further intermediate compound 4- (bromomethyl)-2'-iodobiphenyl as a pink/red oil (1.69 g). c) 2-Ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (0.731 g) and anhydrous potassium carbonate (1.15 g) were stirred in dry dimethylformamide (10 ml) for 10 minutes. A solution of the product of Example 2(b) (1.65 g) in dry dimethylformamide
(10 ml) was added dropwise, over a period of approximately 5 minutes . The resulting suspension was stirred at ambient temperature for approximately 16 hours and then partitioned between diethyl ether (50 ml) and water (50 ml). The layers were separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with more diethyl ether (25 ml). The combined organic phases were then dried over magnesium sulphate and evaporated to give a brown oil. This oil was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate) and then dried in vacuo to give the further intermediate compound 2 -ethyl-3-(2'-iodobiphenyl-4-ylmethyl)- 5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo [4, 5-b] pyridine as a brown oil (1.07 g). d) A portion of the product from Example 2(c) (97 mg) was dissolved in dry dimethylformamide (1 ml). 3- Isopropoxy-4-tributylstannylcyclobut-3-ene-1,2- dione (91 mg) was added followed by tetrakis (triphenylphosphine)palladium(O) (20 mg) and then cuprous iodide (8 mg). After stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere for 70 minutes, additional tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium(O) (16 mg) and cuprous iodide (9 mg) were added and stirring was continued at ambient temperature for an additional 50 minutes. Additional 3-isopropoxy-4- tributylstannylcyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (41 mg) was added and stirring was continued for approximately 72 hours. The solution was then taken into a combined work up (see "f " below). e) The remainder of the product of Example 2(c) (0.94 g) was dissolved in dry dimethylformamide (4 ml) and the solution obtained was stirred at ambient temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere as 3-isopropoxy-4-tributylstannylcyclobut-3-ene-1,2- dione (1.29 g) followed by tetrakis (triphenylphosphine)palladium(O) (0.143 g) and cuprous iodide (40 mg) were added. The resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 5.5 hours.
Additional tetrakis ( triphenylphosphine) palladium(O)
(0.14 g) and cuprous iodide (0.12 g) were then added. Stirring was continued under nitrogen for 72 hours and the resulting solution was then taken into the combined work-up (see "f" below). f) The two red/brown reaction solutions from (d) and (e) above were combined and diluted with diethyl, ether (75 ml) and washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (50 ml) then 10% aqueous potassium fluoride solution (3 × 30 ml) to give a grey solid insoluble material in both phases. The organic phase was filtered through diatomaceous earth (available under the trade name "Celite") and a small aqueous phase was removed. The organic phase was evaporated to give an orange oil which was partially purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with 0% rising to 4% methanol in dichloromethane). Further purification was effected by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with diethyl ether) to give a semi-solid foam which was broken up and dried in vacuo to give 3-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid- 3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl)-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3- ene-1,2-dione, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow solid, (0.42 g), substantially identical to the product of Example Kd). Example 3 a) To a solution of 1-bromo-2-iodobenzene (200 g)
and 4-methylbenzeneboronic acid (105 g) in toluene (11) were added sodium carbonate (164.8 g), industrial methylated spirit (165 ml), water (165 ml) and finally tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium ( 0 ) (40.8 g). The mixture obtained was stirred and heated at 95-100°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 18 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature, water (11) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 10 minutes. The organic layer was then separated and dried over magnesium sulphate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to leave the crude product.
The reaction was repeated as above on 0.45 × scale and the crude products of both reactions were combined and stirred with hexane (11) for 30 minutes. Insoluble material was removed by filtration and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was distilled under reduced pressure through a fractionating column packed with glass helices to give the intermediate compound 2-bromo-4'- methylbiphenyl (241.7 g) as a colourless oil (b.p. 98-102°C at 0.8 mmHg). b) To a solution of 2-bromo-4'-methylbiphenyl (9.0 g; obtainable as described in Example
3(a) and in Gomberg and Pernert, J. Am. Chem.
Soc. (1926) Vol 48 p 1373) in tetrahydrofuran
(60 ml) was added butyllithium (2.5M in hexanes, 15.3 ml) dropwise at -70°C under a nitrogen atmosphere over a period of 3 minutes. The mixture was stirred for 10 minutes at -70°C then added to a solution of
3,4-diisopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione
(7.6 g) in tetrahydrofuran (100 ml) at -70°C under nitrogen over a period of 1 minute. The solution obtained was stirred for an additional 30 minutes at -70°C then quenched with trifluoroacetic anhydride (6.4 ml), followed by saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (40 ml) . The resulting mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature, then partitioned between diethyl ether (300 ml) and aqueous sodium bicarbonate (5%, 300 ml). The aqueous layer was re-extracted with diethyl ether (200 ml) and the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulphate, and evaporated to give a yellow oily solid which was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with 10% rising to 20% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether
(b.p. 60-80°C)) to give the intermediate compound 3-isopropoxy-4-(4'-methylbiphenyl-2- yl)cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione as a yellow solid
(6.7 g), substantially identical to the product of Example 1(b). The above method is described in Reed et al, Journal of Organic Chemistry (1988) Vol.53, p 2477.
It will be appreciated that this intermediate compound may be reacted as described, for example, in Examples 1(c) and 1(d) to provide active compounds of the present invention, such as the active compound of
Example 1.
Example 4
The final products of Examples 1 and 2 (0.35 g), glacial acetic acid (7.5 ml) and water (7.5 ml) were heated together at 95-100°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 5 hours. The resulting yellow solution was filtered through a cotton wool plug and evaporated to give a glassy brown oil. Trituration of this oil with ethyl acetate (5 ml) gave a yellow solid which was dried in vacuo at 70°C to provide 3-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-l,2-dione, an active compound of the present invention (0.23 g; m.p. 245-247°C). Example 5
3-[4'-(2-Ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]-pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (1.3 g; preparable as described in Example 4) was suspended in distilled water (10 ml) and cooled in an ice bath whilst aqueous sodium hydroxide solution
(0.1 M; 29 ml) was added dropwise. The resulting mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure (bath temperature 50°C or below) giving a brown oil which was triturated with diethyl ether (50 ml) to produce a yellow solid. This solid was collected and dried in vacuo at 60°C. Further trituration of the dried solid with diethyl ether (100 ml) and thorough drying in vacuo at 70°C provided the sodium salt of 3-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3.H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (1.18 g), an active compound of the present invention. The compound melted slowly at 180°C or above.
Example 6
3-[4'-(2-Ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl)-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (0.44 g; preparable as in Example 2) was stirred in saturated ethanolic ammonia solution (10 ml) at ambient temperature for 3 hours and then kept at ambient temperature for approximately 16 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the resulting residue was triturated with diethyl ether to give an off-white solid which was dried in vacuo to give 3-amino-4-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (0.25g; m.p. 217°C), an active compound of the present invention. Example 7
5,7-Dimethyl-2-propyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine
(0.69 g) (preparable as described by Mantio et al,
J. Med. Chem. 34 , (1991), pp 2919/2922 and in
EP-A-0400974; Merck) was added to a stirred suspension of sodium hydride (0.15 g; 60% suspension in mineral oil) in dry dimethylformamide (10 ml) over a period of 15 minutes, under a nitrogen atmosphere. Stirring was continued for a further 30 minutes. The resulting solution was added to a stirred solution of 3-(4'-bromomethylbiphenyl-2-yl)-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (1.46 g; preparable as in Example 1(c)) in dry dimethylformamide (10 ml) at 0-5°C. After stirring for 1 hour at 0-5°C the dark solution obtained was poured into ethyl acetate (75 ml) and the resulting mixture was washed with water (60 ml). The aqueous phase was then extracted with ethyl acetate (60 ml) and the combined organic phases were washed with water (3 × 60 ml) and dried over magnesium sulphate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (b.p. 40-60°C) (4:1)) to give 3-[4'-(5,7-dimethyl-2-propyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow gum (0.73 g).
Example 8 A solution of the final product of Example 7
(0.73 g) in a mixture of acetic acid (38 ml) and water
(17 ml) was stirred at 95-100°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 18 hours. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was triturated with ethyl acetate (20 ml) to give 3-[4'- (5,7-dimethyl-2-propy1-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione, an active compound of the present invention, as ayellow solid (0.44 g; m.p. 240°C, softening from 210°C). Example 9
The final product of Example 8 (0.40 g) was dissolved in a mixture of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2.5 M; 15 ml) and industrial methylated spirit (15 ml) and the resulting solution was extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 15 ml). The combined extracts were dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent was evaporated to give the sodium salt of 3-[4'-(5,7-dimethyl-2-propyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]- pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (0.4 g; m.p. 182°C, with slow decomposition), an active compound of the present invention. Example 10 a) 2-Ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b.]pyridine (2.17 g) was added to stirred fuming sulphuric acid (7 ml) and the resulting solution was warmed to 80°C. Potassium nitrate (3.0 g) was added in portions over a period of 10 minutes and the resulting mixture was heated at between 95 and 100°C for 10 minutes, cooled, then poured onto ice (approx. 25 g). The mixture was neutralised with concentrated aqueous ammonia solution and then extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 50 ml). The combined extracts were dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent was then evaporated. Recrystallisatioh of the resulting residue from ethyl acetate (15 ml) gave the intermediate compound 2-ethyl-5,7-dimethy1-6-nitro-3H- imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (1.01 g; m.p. 146-149°C). b) A solution of the product of Example 10(a) (1.01 g) in industrial methylated spirit (75 ml) was shaken in an atmosphere of hydrogen in the presence of palladium on carbon (10%; 120 mg) at ambient temperature and pressure for 7 hours. The resulting mixture was filtered through diatomaceous earth (available under the trade name 'Celite') and the filtrate was evaporated to leave a viscous pale brown oil. Trituration of this oil with diethyl ether (30 ml) gave the intermediate compound 6- amino-2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo [4,5- b]pyridine (0.88 g; m.p. 153-155°C). c) 6-Amino-2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b] pyridine (1.89 g; preparable as in Example 10(b)) was dissolved with stirring in a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid (2.6 ml) and water (2.6 ml) and cooled to below 5°C. A solution of sodium nitrite (0.76 g) in water (2.2 ml) was then added dropwise, keeping the temperature below 5°C, to give a solution (A).
Cuprous chloride (0.26 g) was dissolved in a saturated solution of sulphur dioxide in acetic acid (10 ml) and the resulting solution (B) was cooled to 10°C. Solution (A) was then added to the stirred cooled solution (B) at 0-10°C, in portions, over a period of 10 minutes. The resulting mixture was stirred for 3.5 hours at 10- 15°C, added to ice (100 g) and then extracted with dichloromethane (3 × 50 ml). The combined extracts were dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent was evaporated to give a pale yellow solid which was added to aqueous dimethylamine solution (30%; 20 ml) at ambient temperature. The resulting mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The solvent was then evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue obtained was triturated with water (5 ml) to give the intermediate compound 2 -ethyl-5, 7,N,N- tetramethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine-6- sulphonamide (0.21 g; m.p. 179-182°C). d) Sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil;
25 mg) was added to a solution of the product of Example 10(c) (0.19 g) in dry dimethylformamide (2 ml) under a nitrogen atmosphere and the resulting mixture was stirred for 10 minutes. The solution obtained was added dropwise by syringe at 0-5°C to a stirred solution of 3-(4'-bromomethyl biphenyl-2-yl)-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione
(0.289 g; preparable as in Example 1(c)) in dry dimethylformamide (2 ml). The resulting mixture was stirred for 1.5 hours at ambient temperature, poured into ethyl acetate (50 ml), and then washed with water (2 × 25 ml). The aqueous washings were then extracted with ethyl acetate (40 ml) . The combined organic solutions were dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel
(eluting with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether
(b.p. 40-60°C) (4:1)) to give 2-ethyl-3-[2'-(2- isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4- ylmethyl]-5,7,N,N-tetramethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5- b]pyridine-6-sulphonamide (0.2 g; m.p. 80°C, with slow decomposition), an active compound of the present invention.
Example 11 A solution of the final product of Example 10
(0.19 g) in a mixture of acetic acid (8.3 ml) and water
(3.7 ml) was heated at 95-100°C for 15 hours. The solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was triturated with ethyl acetate (5 ml). The solid obtained was collected and dried in vacuo at 70°C to give 2-ethyl-3-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-5,7,N,N-tetramethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine¬6-sulphonamide mono-ethyl acetate solvate (0.15 g; m.p. 195-197°C (with decomposition)), an active compound of the present invention. Example 12 a) 6-Amino-2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]- pyridine (0.85 g; preparable as in Example 10(b)) was dissolved with stirring in a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid (1.15 ml) and water
(1.15 ml), and the resulting solution was cooled to
0°C. A solution of sodium nitrite (0.34 g) in water (1 ml) was added, dropwise, keeping the internal temperature below 5°C. The resulting solution was stirred at this temperature for 10 minutes and then added- to a stirred solution of cuprous chloride (0.48 g) in concentrated hydrochloric acid (1.7 ml) keeping the temperature below 10°C. The mixture obtained was stirred at 70°C for 2 hours and then cooled to ambient temperature. A precipitate was collected and washed with water (5 ml). Recrystallisation of this precipitate from methanol (7.5 ml) gave the intermediate compound 6-chloro-2-ethyl-5,7- dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine hydrochloride (0.21 g; m.p. 284-287°C with decomposition). When left for 18 hours the reaction mixture yielded a further quantity of precipitate, which was collected by filtration and recrystallised from methanol to give a second crop (70 mg) of the intermediate compound identified above. b) Sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil;
91 mg) was added to a suspension of the product of Example 12(a) (0.28 g) in dry dimethylformamide (4 ml) and the resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 30 minutes. The mixture obtained was then added dropwise at ambient temperature to a solution of 3- (4'-bromomethylbiphenyl-2-yl)-4-isopropoxycyclobut 3-ene-l, 2-dione (0.548 g; preparable as described in Example 1(c)) in dry dimethylformamide (5 ml).
The resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 5 hours and then poured into ethyl acetate (70 ml). The resulting mixture was washed with water (2 × 25 ml) and the aqueous washings were extracted with ethyl acetate (20 ml). The combined organic phases were dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to give the intermediate compound
3-[4'-(6-chloro-2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3 H- imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4- isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione as a viscous oil
(0.65 g). c) The product of Example 12(b) (0.65 g) was heated for 18 hours at 95-100°C in a mixture of acetic acid (7 ml) and water (2.5 ml) under a nitrogen atmosphere. The solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was triturated with ethyl acetate (20 ml) to leave a gum. Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2.5 M; 5 ml) was added to the gum. The resulting suspension was acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid to give a yellow solid which was collected by filtration and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate/industrial methylated spirit (7:3)) to give 3-[4'-(6-chloro-2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo- [4,5-bjpyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione hydrochloride, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow solid (70 mg; m.p. 205°C with decomposition). Example 13
Chloromethyl pivalate (3.22 g) was added, dropwise, at ambient temperature, to a stirring suspension of 3- [4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H--midazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (4.21 g; preparable as in Example 4) in dry N,N-dimethylacetamide (40 ml). Potassium iodide (2.5 g) was added to the resulting mixture and stirring was continued at ambient temperature for 2 days. More chloromethyl pivalate (3.7 g) was added and stirring was continued for an additional 2 days. The mixture obtained was poured into diethyl ether (500 ml) to give a gum which was separated and then dissolved in a mixture of acetone (100 ml) and ethyl acetate (300 ml). The resulting solution was washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2 × 400 ml) then water (2 x 400 ml) and dried over magnesium sulphate. The solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue obtained was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate) to give 2-[4'- (2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b.]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yloxymethyl pivalate, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow foam (0.54 g) which melted slowly at 60-80°C.
Example 14
To a stirred solution of 4-ethyl-2-propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde (0.15 g; preparable as described in WO92/00977; Dupont) in dry dimethylformamide (3 ml) was added sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil; 36 mg) and stirring was continued for approximately 45 minutes. The resulting solution was then added via canula to a stirred solution of 3-(4'-bromomethylbiphenyl-2-yl)-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (0.35 g; preparable as in Example 1(c)) in dry dimethylformamide (3 ml). After stirring for 1 hour, 2-propanol (0.1 ml) was added. The mixture obtained was poured into ethyl acetate (20 ml) then washed with water (15 ml). The aqueous washings were extracted with ethyl acetate (10 ml) and the combined organic phases were washed with water (5 × 15 ml) and dried over magnesium sulphate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue obtained was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (b.p. 60-80°C)
(75:25)) to give 4-ethyl-1-[2'-(3,4-dioxo-2-isopropoxy¬cyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-2-propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde, an active compound of the present invention, as a foam (0.194 g).
Example 15
The product of Example 14 (0.19 g), acetic acid (2 ml) and water (2 ml) were heated together at 95-100°C for approximately 5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere then left at ambient temperature for approximately 17 hours. The solvents were removed under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was triturated with ethylacetate (2 × 15 ml) and then dried in vacuo at 80°C to give 4-ethyl-1-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-2-propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow solid (0.12 g; m.p. 241-245°C) .
Example 16 The final product of Example 5 (0.463 g; dried before use by heating in vacuo as the compound appeared to be hygroscopic) was dissolved in dry dimethylformamide (3 ml). To the resulting solution was added a solution of chloromethyl pivalate (0.19 g) in dry dimethylformamide (3 ml). After stirring the resulting mixture for approximately 17 hours, potassium iodide (21 mg) was added and stirring was continued for approximately 3 days. More chloromethyl pivalate (98 mg) was added and stirring was continued for a further 4 days. The solution obtained was then partitioned between water (25 ml) and diethyl ether (25 ml). The aqueous layer was separated and extracted with diethyl ether (2 × 25 ml). The combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulphate, the solvent was distilled off and the resulting residue was then purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate followed by ethyl acetate/industrial methylated spirit (9:1)). The fractions containing the slower running of the two main products were combined and evaporated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was triturated with diethyl ether (2 ml) to give a solid which was collected and washed with diethyl ether (1 ml) and then dried to give 3-dimethylamino-4- [4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo-[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]cyclobut-3-ene-l,2-dione, an active compound of the present invention, as a colourless solid (34 mg; m.p. 140-142°C).
Example 17
The final product of Example 4 (1.01 g; dried before use by heating in vacuo as the compound appeared to be hygroscopic) was suspended in dry N,N-dimethylacetamide (10 ml). The resulting suspension was stirred whilst 1-chloroethyl pivalate (0.90 g; preparable as described in J. Med. Chem. (1978), Vol. 21, p 753) followed by potassium iodide (0.77 g) were added. Stirring was continued at ambient temperature for approximately 3 days. The suspension obtained was then diluted with ethyl acetate (50 ml) and washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (5%; 50 ml) and then water (4 × 50 ml). The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulphate, the organic solvents were removed under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate) to give 1-[2-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3,H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yloxy]ethyl pivalate 0.22 ethyl acetate solvate (0.55 g) , an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow foam which softened and slowly melted at and above 80°C.
Example 18 a) A solution of 4-bromomethyl-2'-iodobiphenyl
(4.0 g; preparable as in Example 2(b)) and butylamine (40 ml) in dry tetrahydrofuran
(55 ml) was stirred for 18 hours at ambient temperature then boiled under reflux for 45 minutes. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was then dissolved in dichloromethane (100 ml) to give a solution which was washed with aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (1M; 2 × 50 ml), water (50 ml), then hydrochloric acid (5M;
2 × 50 ml). The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulphate and the organic solvent was evaporated. The residue obtained was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with dichloromethane/methanol (9:1)) to give the intermediate compound N-(2'-iodobiphenyl- 4-ylmethyl) butylamine (1.9 g; m.p. 134-136°C). b) A solution of ethyl 4-chloropyrimidine-5- carboxylate (0.9 g; preparable as described in Bredereck et al., Chem. Ber. (1962), Vol. 95, p 803) in dry tetrahydrofuran (2 ml) was added to a solution of the product of Example 18(a)
(1.9 g) and triethylamine (2.5 ml) in dry tetrahydrofuran (10 ml) and the resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for approximately 1.5 hours. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to give a residue which was dissolved in dichloromethane
(50 ml), washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2 × 25 ml), and then dried over magnesium sulphate. The solvent was evaporated and the residue obtained was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate) to give the intermediate compound ethyl 4- [N-butyl-N-(2'- iodobiphenyl-4-ylmethyl)amino]pyrimidine-5- carboxylate as a viscous oil (1.5 g). c) 3-Isopropoxy-4-tributylstannylcyclobut-3-ene-1,2- dione (1.626 g), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(O) (0.348 g), cuprous iodide (0.138 g) and the product from Example 18(b) (1.3 g) were stirred together in dry dimethylformamide (20 ml) at ambient temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 23.5 hours. After dilution with ether (100 ml) the mixture was washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (2 × 25 ml), aqueous potassium fluoride solution (10%; 2 × 25 ml) and water (2 × 25 ml). The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to leave a brown solid. This solid was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with petroleum ether (b.p. 40-60°C) /ethyl acetate (1:1)) to give ethyl 4-[N-butyl-N-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4- dioxo-cyclobut-1-en-l-yl)biphenyl-4- ylmethyl]amino]-pyrimidine-5-carboxylate, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow oil (0.77 g).
Example 19
The product of Example 18(c) (0.67 g) was heated in a mixture of acetic acid (30 ml) and water (15 ml) at 95-100°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 22 hours. The resulting solution was cooled and filtered. The solvents were then evaporated under reduced pressure to give ethyl 4-[N-butyl-N_-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]amino]-pyrimidine-5-carboxylate, an active compound of the present invention, as a brown solid (0.59 g; m.p. 95°C (dec)).
Example 20
A solution of the final product of Example 19 (0.59 g) and sodium hydroxide (0.51 g) in a mixture of methanol (20 ml) and water (6 ml) was stirred for 7 hours at ambient temperature. The stirred solution was kept for 18 hours at ambient temperature and then acidified to Ph 2 by addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The resulting mixture was diluted with water (20 ml) and filtered to give a solid product
(400 mg) . This solid was then stirred in a solution of sodium hydroxide (0.5 g) in water (10 ml) for 6 hours at ambient temperature and the resulting mixture was acidified to Ph 2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid to give a pale brown precipitate. This precipitate was collected and dried to give 4-[N-butyl-N-[2'-(2-hydroxy- 3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]amino]- pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid 0.6 hydrochloride (0.2 g; m.p. 172-175°C (dec)), an active compound of the present invention.
Example 21 Sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil;
0.804 g) was added in portions over a period of 15 minutes at ambient temperature to a stirred solution of
2-butyl-2-imidazoline-4-spirocyclopentan-5(1H)-one
(3.9 g; preparable as described in WO 91/14679; Sanofi) in dry dimethylformamide (68.5 ml) under a nitrogen atmosphere. Stirring was continued for 45 minutes. The resulting solution was then added to a stirred solution of 3-(4'-bromomethylbiphenyl-2-yl)-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (11.17 g; preparable as described in Example 1(c)) in dry dimethylformamide
(68,5 ml) and stirring was continued for 2 hours. 2- Propanol (2.6 ml) was added and the resulting mixture was poured onto ethyl acetate (450 ml) and then washed with water (250 ml). The aqueous layer was separated and extracted with ethyl acetate (300 ml). The combined organic phases were washed with brine (5 × 200 ml) and then dried over magnesium sulphate. The organic solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the resulting, residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (b.p. 60-80°C) (7:3)) to give 3-[4'-(2-butyl-5-oxo-2-imidazoline-4-spirocyclopent-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow gum (3.6 g). Example 22
A mixture of the product of Example 21 (3.6 g), acetic acid (35.2 ml) and water (35.2 ml) was heated at 95-100°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for approximately 4.5 hours. The solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure to leave a gum which was triturated with ethyl acetate (2 × 90 ml) and then dried in vacuo at 60°C to give 3-[4'-(2-butyl-5-oxo-2-imidazoline-4-spirocyclo¬pent-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxy.cyclobut-3-ene1,2-dione (1.91g; m.p. 197-199°C), an active compound of the present invention.
Example 23 a) A solution of 4-(bromomethyl)-2'-iodobiphenyl (9.23 g; preparable as described in Example 2(b)) in dry dimethylformamide (50 ml) was added to a stirring mixture of 2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazole5-carboxaldehyde (preparable as described in Drugs of the Future (1991), Vol. 16, p 305), anhydrous potassium carbonate (6.9 g) and dry dimethylformamide (100 ml), at ambient temperature. Stirring was continued at ambient temperature for 24 hours. Water (200 ml) was added and the resulting mixture was extracted with diethyl ether
(500 ml then 200 ml). The combined extracts were washed with water (2 × 100 ml) and dried over magnesium sulphate. The organic solvent wasevaporated and the residual orange oil was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with 5% then 30% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether (b.p. 60-80°C)) to give the intermediate compound 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-(2'-iodobiphenyl-4-ylmethyl)-1H- imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde as a yellow oil (8.06 g). b) 3-Isopropoxy-4-tributylstannylcyclobut-3-ene-1,2dione (0.67 g; preparable as described in Liebeskind & Fengl, Journal of Organic Chemistry (1990), Vol. 55, pp 5359/5364)), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine)palladium(O) (0.145 g) and cuprous iodide (48 mg) were added to a solution of the product of Example 23(a) (0.5 g) in dry dimethylformamide (5 ml) and the mixture obtained was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere at ambient temperature for 24 hours. Diethyl ether (50 ml) was added and the resulting mixture was washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (35 ml) then aqueous potassium fluoride solution (10%; 3 × 20 ml) and the organic solution was dried over magnesium sulphate. The organic solvents were evaporated in vacuo and the residual orange/brown oil was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with 20% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether (b.p. 60-80°C)) to give 2-butyl-4-chloro-1- [2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)- biphenyl-4-ylmethyl)]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde, an active compound of the present invention, as a partially solidified yellow oil (0.22 g).
Example 24
A solution of the final product of Example 23- (0.20 g) in a mixture of glacial acetic acid (5 ml) and water (5 ml) was heated at 95-100°C for 4.5 hours. More glacial acetic acid (2 ml) and water
(2 ml) were added and heating was continued for a further 5 hours. The resulting solution was then cooled to ambient temperature and filtered. The solvents were then evaporated in vacuo to give 2- butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut- 1-en-l-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H-imidazole-5- carboxaldehyde, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow solid (0.16 g) which softened and melted at or above 50°C.
Example 25 a) Sodium borohydride (39 mg) was added at ambient temperature to a solution of the product of Example
23(a) (0.5 g) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was stirred for 1.5 hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo and water (50 ml) was added to the resulting residue. The mixture obtained was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 × 50 ml) and the combined extracts were dried over magnesium sulphate. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo to give the intermediate compound 2-butyl-4-chloro-5- hydroxymethyl-1-[2'-iodobiphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H- imidazole as a yellow oil (0.33 g). b) 3-Isopropoxy-4-tributylstannylcyclobut-3-ene-1,2- dione (0.402 g), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine)- palladium(O) (86 mg) and cuprous iodide (28 mg) were added to a solution of the product from Example 25(a) above (0.30 g) in dry dimethylformamide (5 ml) at ambient temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture obtained was stirred for 40 hours. Diethyl ether (50 ml) was added and the resulting mixture was washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (30 ml) then aqueous potassium fluoride solution (10%; 2 × 20 ml). The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvents were evaporated in vacuo. The residual orange oil was dissolved in ethyl acetate (10 ml). Insoluble material was removed by filtration and the solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The residue obtained was then dissolved in diethyl ether (10 ml), insoluble material was again removed by filtration and the solvent was again evaporated in vacuo. The residue obtained was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (b.p. 60-80°C) (1:1)) to give 3-[4'-(2-butyl4-chloro-5-hydroxymethyl-1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)- biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2- dione, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow oil (80 mg). Example 26
Methyl 2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (0.19 g) was added to a stirring suspension of sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil; 35 mg) in dry dimethylformamide (2 ml) at ambient temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere and stirring was continued for 30 minutes. A solution of 3-(4'-bromomethylbiphenyl-2-yl)-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (0.64 g; preparable as in Example 1(c)) in dry dimethylformamide (3 ml) was added and stirring was continued for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was partitioned between water (20 ml) and diethyl ether (20 ml), and the aqueous layer was separated and extracted with diethyl ether (20 ml) . The combined ether solutions were dried over magnesiumsulphate and the solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The residue obtained was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with 20% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether (b.p. 40-60°C)) to give methyl 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow oil
(0.17 g). Example 27 a) A solution of the product of Example 23(a) (0.5 g) in t-butanol (18.75 ml) was added to a solution of sodium chlorite (1.02 g) and sodium dihydrogen phosphate (1.02 g) in water (24 ml) at ambient temperature and the resulting mixture was stirred vigorously for 40 hours. Sodium metabisulphite was added until the yellow colour of the solution was discharged, then most of the solvents were evaporated in vacuo. Water (75 ml) was added to the resulting residue and the mixture obtained was extracted with dichloromethane (2 x 50 ml) . The combined extracts were dried over magnesium sulphate and the organic solvent was evaporated .in vacuo. Trituration of the resulting residue with diethyl ether (5 ml) gave the intermediate compound 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-(2'-iodobiphenyl-4-ylmethyl)-1H- imidazole-5-carboxylic acid as a colourless solid (0.27 g; m.p. 175°C). b) 2-Butyl-4-chloro-1-(2'-iodobiphenyl-4-ylmethyl)-1H- imidazole-5-carboxylic acid (0.43 g; preparable as described in Example 27(a)) was added to a stirring suspension of sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil; 41 mg) in dry dimethylformamide (5 ml) at ambient temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere, and stirring was continued for 30 minutes. Iodomethane (0.06 ml) was added and stirring was continued for 2 hours. Diethyl ether (20 ml) was added and the mixture obtained was washed with water (20 ml). The aqueous washings were extracted with diethyl ether (2 × 20 ml) and the combined organic phases were dried over magnesium sulphate. The organic solvent was then evaporated to give the further intermediate compound methyl 2-butyl-4- chloro-1-(2'-iodobiphenyl-4-ylmethyl)-1H-imidazole- 5-carboxylate as an oil (0.43 g). c) 3-Isopropoxy-4-tributylstannylcyclobut-3-ene-1,2- dione (0.53 g) , tetrakis (triphenylphosphine)- palladium(O) (0.12 g), and cuprous iodide (38 mg) were added to a solution of the product of Example 27(b) (0.42 g) in dry dimethylformamide at ambient temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was stirred for 18 hours. Diethyl ether (30 ml) was added and the resulting mixture was washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (20 ml) followed by aqueous potassium fluoride solution (10%; 2 × 20 ml). The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The residue obtained was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with 20% rising to 50% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether (b.p. 40-60°C)) to give methyl 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4- dioxo-cyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H- imidazole-5-carboxylate, an active compound of the present invention (substantially identical to the product of Example 26), as a yellow oil (0.1 g).
Example 28 Methyl 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4- dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H- imidazole-5-carboxylate (0.26 g; preparable as described in Example 27(c)) was heated in a mixture of glacial acetic acid (5 ml) and water (5 ml) at 95-100°C for 5 hours. The solvents were evaporated in vacuo and the residue obtained was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with 10% r.ising to 30% industrial methylated spirit in ethyl acetate) to give methyl 2-butyl-4-chloro-1- [2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxo-cyclobut-1-en-1- yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate, an active compound of the present invention, as a yellow oil (0.1 g).
Example 29
Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2 M; 1 ml) was added to a solution of the product of Example 28 (90 mg) in methanol (3 ml) at ambient temperature. The resulting mixture was then stirred for 2 hours. The solvent was removed by evaporation in vacuo, and water (2 ml) was added to the residue obtained, followed by sufficient hydrochloric acid (5 M) to adjust the resulting solution to pH 1. The resulting yellow precipitate was filtered, washed with water and dried to give 2-butyl-4-chloro-1- [2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1- yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid 0.4 hydrochloride, an active compound of the present invention, as a pale yellow solid (70 mg; m.p. 168°C).
Example 30 a) A mixture of 2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazole-5- carboxaldehyde (4.0 g; preparable as described in Drugs of the Future (1991), Vol. 16, p 305), potassium carbonate (2.94 g) and dry dimethylformamide (50 ml) was stirred for 15 minutes at ambient temperature. 4-Iodobenzyl bromide (6.34 g) was added to the resulting mixture and stirring was continued for approximately 17 hours. The solvent was then evaporated under reduced pressure at 80°C. Water (200 ml) was added to the resulting residue which was then extracted with diethyl ether (2 × 100 ml). The combined extracts were washed with water (50 ml) and dried over magnesium , sulphate. The solvent was evaporated. The resulting residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel
(eluting with dichloromethane/methanol (80:1)) to give the intermediate compound 2-butyl-4- chloro-1-(4-iodobenzyl)-1H-imidazole-5- carboxaldehyde as an oil (6.9 g). b) A solution of methyl 3-phenylpropanoate (4.03 g) in dry tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) was added over 15 minutes to a stirred solution of lithium diisopropylamide tetrahydrofuran adduct (16.4 ml; 1.5M solution in cyclohexane) in dry tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) at -70°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Stirring was continued at -70°C for approximately 1 hour. A solution of the product from Example 30(a) (6.6 g) in dry tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) was then added over 15 minutes and the resulting mixture was stirred at -70°C for 4 hours. The mixture was allowed to warm to 0°C and was then poured into saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (250 ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 × 150 ml). The combined extracts were washed with brine (50 ml), dried over sodium sulphate and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was triturated with petroleum ether (b.p. 60- 80°C; 2 × 100 ml) then further purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with dichloromethane/methanol (50:1)) to give the intermediate compound methyl 2-benzyl-3- [2-butyl-4-chloro-1-(4-iodobenzyl)-1H- imidazol-5-yl]-3-hydroxypropanoate (5.7 g; m.p. 155-159°C) as a solid mixture of diastereoisomers. c) A solution of the product of Example 30(b) (5.7 g), acetic anhydride (11 ml) and 4- dimethylaminopyridine (0.5 g) in dichloromethane (250 ml) was stirred at ambient temperature for approximately 17 hours and then washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2 × 300 ml). The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent was evaporated. The resulting residue was dissolved in dry toluene (300 ml) and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7- ene (6 ml) was added. The resulting mixture was heated under nitrogen at 95-100°C for approximately 8 hours and cooled. The solvent was then evaporated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with dichloromethane/methanol (60:1)) to give the intermediate compound (E)-methyl 2-benzyl- 3-[2-butyl-4-chloro-1-(4-iodobenzyl)-1H- imidazol-5-yl]propenoate as an oil (3.5 g). d) A mixture of the product of Example 30(c) (0.8 g), 3-isopropoxy-4-tributylstannylcyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (0.9 g), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.2 g), cuprous iodide (0.1 g) and dry dimethylformamide (5 ml) was stirred at ambient temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for approximately 17 hours. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was dissolved in diethyl ether (150 ml). The solution obtained was washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (50 ml), then with saturated aqueous potassium fluoride solution
(2 × 50 ml) and then dried over magnesium sulphate. The solvent was evaporated and the residue obtained was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with dichloromethane/methanol (50:1)) to give the intermediate compound (E)-methyl 2-benzyl-3- [2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[4-(2-isopropoxy-3,4- dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)benzyl]-1H-imidazol-5- yl]propenoate as an oil (0.4 g). e) A mixture of (E)-methyl 2-benzyl-3-[2-butyl-4- chloro-1-[4-(2-isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1- en-1-yl)benzyl]-1H-imidazol-5-yl]propenoate (1.2 g; preparable as described in Example 30(d)) and aqueous acetic acid (50%; 20 ml) was heated at 95-100°C for 6 hours. The solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue obtained was triturated with diethyl ether (2 × 20 ml). The resulting solid was dissolved in industrial methylated spirit (20 ml).
Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (0.5M, 22 ml) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred for 1 hour at ambient temperature and neutralised with hydrochloric acid (5M). The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue obtained was extracted with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1M; 60 ml) and then acidified with hydrochloric acid (5M). The resulting precipitate was collected, washed with water (2 × 10 ml) and then dried to give (E)-2-benzyl-3-[2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[4-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)benzyl]-1H-imidazol-5-yl]propenoic acid, an active compound of the present invention, as a solid (0.54 g; m.p. 155-160°C).

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A compound of formula
Figure imgf000147_0001
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
wherein R50 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, A51 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR52- wherein R52 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl; A50 comprises i) a mono or bicyclic aromatic ring optionally containing one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms, ii) a cycloalkendiyl group, iii) an acyclic bridging group having a chain of one, two or three atoms between the cyclobutenedione group and X50' said chain being a chain of one or two carbon atoms or a chain of one carbon atom and one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms or iv) a bond;
X50 is either a bond or a spacer group providing a chain between A50 and B50 of one or two atoms length; B 50 is a mono or bicyclic aromatic ring optionally containing one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms; r is an integer from 1 to 6; and Het is a ring system optionally containing one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms or is a phosphonate, phosphinate or amine derivative (wherein each of A50, X 50, B50 and Het are optionally substituted).
2. A compound as claimed in claim 1 wherein Atrg is a group selected from the groups represented by (i) to (xii) below (wherein in each case Z50 is a bond to X50 and the other free valency is connected to the cyclobutenedione group).
Figure imgf000148_0002
wherein R70 and R71 are each independently hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl (optionally substituted by halo, C3-8 cycloalkyl or phenyl), C3-12 cycloalkyl or phenyl (both optionally substituted by halo , C1-6 alkyl or C1-6 alkoxy) or R70 and R71 together complete a 3 to 7 membered carbocycle (optionally substituted by one or two C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, phenyl, hydroxy or halo groups);
Figure imgf000148_0001
wherein A50 is nitrogen or methine; A61 is imino, oxygen or sulphur and either R80 and R81 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, cyano, alkyl, C2-10 (preferably C2-4) alkenyl, alkylthio, mono-, di- or trihalo- (C1-6 alkyl), hydroxyalkyl, oxoalkyl, carboxy or esterified carboxy, or, when R80 and R81 are on adjacent carbon atoms, R80 and R81 together may be 1,3-butadienylene thereby completing a fused aromatic ring; wherein R90 to R97 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or a
Figure imgf000149_0002
group of the formula -SO2NHR98 (wherein R98 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl);
Figure imgf000149_0001
wherein -A70-A71-A72-A73- is a group of formula -NC (R100 ) C (R101 ) C (R102 ) - ,
- C ( R 1 0 0 ) N C ( R 1 0 1 ) C ( R 1 0 2 ) - , - C ( R 1 0 0 ) C ( R 1 0 1 ) N C ( R 1 0 2 ) - , -C(R100)C(R101)C(R102)N-, -NC(R100)NC(R101)-, -C(R100)NC(R101)N-, -NNC(R100)C(R101)-, -C(R100)NNC(R101)-, -C(R100)C(R101)NN-, - N C ( R 1 0 0 ) C ( R 1 0 1 ) N - -C ( R1 0 0 ) C ( R1 0 1 ) C ( O ) N ( R1 0 3 ) -, -C ( R1 0 0 ) C (R1 0 1 ) N (R1 0 3 ) C ( O ) - ,
-C ( O ) N ( R1 0 3 ) C (R1 0 0 ) C (R1 0 1 ) - , -N (R1 0 3 ) C (O) C (R1 0 0 ) C (R1 0 1 ) - , -C(O)N(R103)C(R100)N-, -C(R100)NC(O)N(R103)-,
-N(R103)C(O)NC(R100)-, -NC(R100)N(R103)C(O)-,
C ( O ) N R 1 0 3 NC ( R 1 0 0 ) - o r -C(R100)NN(R103)C(O)-; wherein R100 to R102 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl -1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula SO2NHR104 (wherein R104 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, aryl, arylmethyl or a group of formula -CH2OC(O)CH3) or, when two of R100, R101 and R102 are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms, they may be joined to form a fused phenyl or naphthyl ring; and R103 is hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, phenyl or phenylmethyl (in which the phenyl or phenylmethyl is optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from halo, fluoro, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino or a group of formula -CO2R104 (wherein R104 is as defined above));
Figure imgf000150_0001
wherein -A80-A81-A82-A83- is a group of formula -Y50-C (R110) C (R111) C (Z52) -,
- C ( R 1 1 0 ) Y 5 0 C ( R 1 1 1 ) C ( Z 5 2 ) - , - C ( R 1 1 0 ) C ( R 1 1 1 ) Y 5 0 C ( Z 5 2 ) - , - Y 5 0 C ( R 1 1 0 ) C ( Z 5 2 ) C ( R 1 1 1 ) - ,
- C ( R 1 1 0 ) Y 5 0 C ( Z 5 2 ) C ( R 1 1 1 ) - o r
-C(R110)C(R111)C(Z52)Y50-, wherein Y50 is oxygen, sulphur, sulphinyl or sulphonyl; R110 and R111 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, formyl, C1-4 alkylamino, di (C1 - 4 alkyl ) amino, trif luoromethyl, C1-7 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-7 cycloalkyl, or a group of formula -SO2NHR112, -O(CH2)cO(CH2)dCH3, - (CH2)dO(CH2)dCH3, -(CH2)N(R112)2, -CH(OR112) (C1-7 alkyl) ,
-CO2R112, -CH=CHR112, -CH2CR112=C(R112)2,
- (CH2)eNHC(O)R112 -(C1-4) alkylaryl or
-CH(R1 12)2 (wherein R112 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, arylmethyl or aryl, c is an integer from 1 to 3 , d is an integer from 1 to 5 and e is 0 or an integer from 1 to 2) or, when R110 and R111 are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms, they may be joined to form a phenyl or naphthyl ring; and wherein Z52 represents the "other" free valency referred to above;
Figure imgf000151_0001
wherein AQQ is a bond, oxygen, sulphur, sulphinyl, sulphonyl, methylene or a group of the formula -NR-|_22_ (wherein Rj_22 -"-s hydrogen, cl-6 alkyl, aryl, aryl (C2-7 ) alkylcarbonyl, ^ c l - 6 ^ a l k y l c a r b o n y l , [(C2-5)alkenyl]methylene, [(C2-5)alkynyl] methylene or arylmethylene); and R120 and R121 are each independently hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl (optionally substituted with aryl or C3-7 cycloalkyl), aryl (optionally substituted with up to five substituents selected from halo, fluoro, C1-6 alkyl, (C2-5 alkenyl) methylene, (C2-5 alkynyl) methylene, C1-5 alkoxy, C1-5 alkylthio, nitro, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, nitro, or a group of formula -CO2R123 (wherein R123 is hydrogen, C1 - 6 alkyl, aryl or arylmethylene)), or aryl- (C1-2)alkyl (optionally substituted with up to
5 substituents selected from halo, fluoro, C1-6 alkyl, (C2-5 alkenyl)methylene, (C2-5 alkynyl)methylene, C1-5 alkoxy, C1-5 alkylthio, nitro, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy or a group of formula -CO2R123 (wherein R123 is as defined above)), or C3-7 cycloalkyl.
Figure imgf000152_0001
wherein R130, R131 and R132 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C2-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula -SO2NHR133 (wherein R133 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl);
Figure imgf000153_0002
wherein R140 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl (meaning phenyl optionally substituted with halo, fluoro, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, hydroxy, alkanoyl, nitro, amino, dialkylamino, trifluoromethyl, C3-7 cycloalkyl or arylalkyl); A100 is nitrogen (when the dotted line represents a bond) or nitrogen substituted with a group selected independently from the list provided to define R140 (when the dotted line is not a bond); and R141 and R142 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1 -4 alkylamino, di(C1 - 4 alkyl)amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or a group of formula -SO2NHR143 (wherein R143 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl or arylmethylene);
Figure imgf000153_0001
wherein R150 is hydrogen, C1 - 6 alkyl, a group of formula Y60 wherein Y60 is phenyl or 1- or 2-naphthyl (each optionally substituted by methyl, methoxy, hydroxy, bromo, chloro , fluoro , nitro , amino , diethylamino , methylthio or sulphydryl), a group of formula C1-6 alkylY60- (wherein Y60 is as defined above), a group of formula Y61 (wherein Y61 is a 5- or 6-membered ring or 8-, 9- or 10-membered bicyclic system containing one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur (including but not limited to pyrrole, imidazole, thiophene, furan, pyridine, thiazole, indole, morpholine and isoquinoline)) optionally substituted by halo, fluoro, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyloxy or hydroxy;
or a group of formula C1-6 alkyl-Y61- (wherein Y61 is as defined above);
Figure imgf000154_0001
wherein A111 is oxygen, sulphur, imino or methylene; and if A1 11 is oxygen, sulphur or imino, then A110 is a group of formula -CR160R161- and if A111 is methylene, then A110 is either nitrogen or a group of formula -CR160R161- wherein R160 and R161 are each independently hydrogen, C1 - 1 0 alkyl, C3-10 alkenyl, C3-10 alkynyl, C3-8 cycloalkyl, C4-10 cycloalkylalkyl, C5-10 cycloalkylalkenyl, C5-10 cycloalkylalkynyl or aryl optionally substituted with one or two of halo, C1-4 alkyl or C1-4 alkoxy;
Figure imgf000155_0001
wherein b is 2 , 3 or 4 ; or
Figure imgf000155_0002
wherein R171 is hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C1-4 alkyl or C1-4 alkoxy; and R170 is hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, nitro, C1-4 acyloxy, carboxy (optionally esterified), phenyl, furyl or a group of formula -NHSO2Me, -NHSO2CF3, -SO2NH2 or -CONHR172 (wherein R172 is hydrogen, methyl or benzyl).
3. A compound as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein X50 is a bond or carbonyl, oxygen, sulphur, vinylene, difluorovinylene, monofluorovinylene, ethylene, perfluoroethylene, oxymethylene, thiomethylene, or a group of formula -NR53- -CONR54- -NR54CO-,
-NHCR55R56-, -NR55SO2- -SO2NR55- CR55R56NH- ,
-CH(OR57)-, -CH(OCOR58)-, or -C(NR59)- (where R53 is hydrogen, C2-4 acyl, C1-6 alkyl, allyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl, R54 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, R55 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, R56 is hydrogen or C1 - 14 alkyl, R57 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C1 -8 perfluoroalkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl, R58 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl, R59 is a group of formula -NR55R56, -OR56, -NHC(O)NH2, -NHC(S)NH2, -NHSO2 benzyl or -NHSO2phenyl (wherein R55 and R56 are as defined above);
4. A compound as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein B50 is a group selected from the groups represented by xv to xxii below (wherein in each case
Z51 is bond to X50 and the other free valency is connected to the -(CH2)r-Het group);
Figure imgf000156_0001
wherein R180 is hydrogen, halo, (preferably bromo), fluoro, C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C1-6 fluoroalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, formyl, carboxy or a group of the formula -COR183 (wherein R183 represents C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C1-6 alkoxy or a group of formula -NR184R185, (wherein R184 and R195 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl or together form a saturated heterocyclic ring having 5 or 6 ring members and optionally comprising in the ring one oxygen atom)); R181 and R182 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di (C1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula -SO2NHR191 (wherein R191 is hydrogen, C1 - 5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl); and A120 is oxygen, sulphur, or a group of formula -NR186- {wherein R186 is hydrogen or a group selected from C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 alkenyl, C1-6 alkoxy, or a group of formula -COR187 or -SO2R188
[wherein R187 and R188 are each C1-6 alkyl, C2 - 6 alkenyl, C1-6 alkoxy or a group of formula -NR189R190 (wherein R189 and R190, which may be the same or different, each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group or together complete a saturated heterocyclic ring having 5 or 6 ring members and optionally comprising in the ring one oxygen atom)]} and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
Figure imgf000157_0001
wherein R200 and R201 are each independently selected from the list provided to define R180 above and R202 and
R203 are each independently selected from the list provided to define R181 above and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
Figure imgf000157_0002
wherein R210, R211 and R212 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 acyloxy, C3-6 cycloalkyl, C1 - 6 alkoxy, hydroxy-C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkylthio, C1-4 alkylsulphinyl, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, trifluoromethyl, aryl, furyl or a group of formula -NHSO2R213, -SO2NHR213 or -NR213R214 wherein R213 and R214 are each independently hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, benzyl or phenyl or, when R210 and R211 are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms, they may together complete a fused aromatic ring; and A130 is carbonyl, methylene, or a group of formula -CH(CO2C1-4alkyl) - , -CH (CO2H) - , -CH (CN) - , -CH(tetrazolyl)- or -CH(CONHSO2R215)- wherein R215 is aryl, heteroaryl, C3-7 cycloalkyl or C1-4 alkyl (optionally substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, hydroxy, sulphydryl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 alkylthio, methyl, halo, fluoro, nitro, carboxy, carboxy (C1-4 alkyl), amino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, or a group of formula -PO3H or-PO(OH)[O-(C1 -4 alkyl)] and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
Figure imgf000158_0001
wherein R220 and R221 are each hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, trifluoromethyl, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or a group of the formula -SO2NHR228 (wherein R228 is hydrogen, C1 -5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl); and -A140-A141- are a group of the formula -N=CR222-, -CR222=CR223- or -CHR222-CHR223-;
wherein R222 and R223 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, alkyl, haloalkyl; C3-7 cycloalkyl or arylalkyl (wherein aryl is phenyl optionally substituted with halo, fluoro, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, hydroxy, alkanoyl, nitro, amino, trifluoromethyl, alkylamino or dialkylamino) or a group of formula -COR224 (wherein R224 is hydrogen, C1- 6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl or a group of formula
-OR225 or -NR226R227 wherein R225 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl or a 5 to 7 membered carbocyclic ring which may have another 5 to 7 membered carbocyclic ring fused thereto and R226 and R227 are each independently hydrogen, C1 - 4 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, α-methylbenzyl or together form a C3-4 cyclic group optionally containing nitrogen and/or oxygen in the ring) and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
Figure imgf000159_0001
wherein R230 and R231 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1-4 alkylamino, di(C1 - 4 alkyl) amin o , trif luoromethyl , C1-4 alkyl , C1-4 alkoxy or a group of formula -SO2NHR234 (wherein R234 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl); A150 and A151 are each independently oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR232- or -CR232R233- wherein R232 and R233 are each independently hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl and wherein preferably the free valency described above is located at the 5 position of the ring;
Figure imgf000160_0002
wherein -A160-A161- is a group of formula =C(R232)-N= or =N-C(R232)= and wherein R230, R231 and R232 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, nitro, amino, C1 - 4 alkyl, C2-4alkylamino, di(C1-4 alkyl) amino, C1 - 4 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, or a group of formula -SO2NHR233 (wherein R233 is hydrogen, C1-5 alkyl, aryl or arylmethyl);
Figure imgf000160_0001
wherein R240 to R243 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 perfluoroalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy or C1-6 alkoxyalkyl; or
Figure imgf000161_0001
wherein -A170=A171- is a group of formula -C(R250)=N- or -C(R251) =C(R252) - wherein R250 is hydrogen or C1-7 alkyl and R251 and R252 are each hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C1-7 alkyl, C1-7 alkoxy, C2-7 alkenyloxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, trifluoromethyl or a group of formula -S(O)f-R253 (wherein f is 0 or an integer from 1 to 2 and R253 is hydrogen or C1-7 alkyl).
5. A compound as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein r is 1.
6. A compound as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein Het comprises a heterocyclic group, that is a group comprising a closed organic ring system which ring system contains one or more oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur atoms.
7. A compound as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein Het is selected from the following heterocycle types: thienyl, furyl, pyranyl, chromenyl, xanthenyl, pyrrolyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolizinyl, isoindolyl, 3H-indolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolizinyl, quinolyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, pteridinyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, furazanyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, oxazolyl, triazolyl and tetrazolyl and any isomers thereof and, where the context permits, dihydro, tetrahydro, mono-one, di-one and tri-one derivatives thereof, or a fused ring based on any combination of up to three of the foregoing and/or benzene or naphthalene.
8. A compound as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein Het is a group of any one of the formulae xxv, xxvi, xxvii or xxviii below:
Figure imgf000162_0001
wherein R260 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl and R261 R262 and R263 are each independently hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, nitro, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, formyl or a group of the formula -SOnR264, -SO2NR265R266 or -COR267
(wherein R264, R265 and R266 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, n is 1 or 2 and R267 is C1-4 alkyl or a group of formula -OR268 or ~NR269R270 wherein
R268, R269 and R270 are each independently hydrogen or C1-8 alkyl);
Figure imgf000163_0002
wherein R280 is hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl; R281 is hydrogen, chloro, fluorinated (preferably perfluorinated) C1-2 alkyl (preferably trifluoromethyl or pentafluoroethyl), aryl C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkylsulphinyl, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, C1-4 alkylthio, arylsulphinyl, arylsulphonyl, arylthio, arylmethyl sulphinyl, ary lmethy lsulphonyl or arylmethylthio (wherein "aryl" denotes phenyl or 1- or 2-naphthyl each optionally substituted by C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or fluoro, chloro or bromo); and R282 is hydroxymethyl, formyl, carboxy, C2-4 alkoxymethyl, C2-4 alkoxycarbonyl or carboxymethyl;
Figure imgf000163_0001
wherein R290 is hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl and either R291 and R292 are each independently hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl or phenyl (optionally substituted with C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, fluoro, chloro or bromo) or R291 and R292 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C3-6 spirocycloalkyl ring; or
Figure imgf000164_0001
wherein A180 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR302- wherein R302 is C1-6 alkyl, A181 is nitrogen or methine, R300 is hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkylthio or aryl C1-4 alkyl (wherein "aryl" denotes phenyl, optionally substituted by C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy or fluoro, chloro or bromo) and R301 is hydrogen, carboxy, carbamoyl or a group of formula -C(O)NR303R304 (wherein R303 and R304 are each independently C1-4 alkyl or hydroxy-substituted C1-4 alkyl or C1-4 alkyl).
9. A compound as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein Het is a group of formula xxv wherein R260 is ethyl, R262 is hydrogen and R261 and R263 are both methyl.
10. A compound as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein Het is a group of formula xxvi wherein R280 is butyl and R281 is chloro.
11. A compound as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein Het is a group of formula xxvii wherein R290 is butyl and R291 and R292 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a spirocyclopentane ring.
12. A compound as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein Het is a group of formula xxviii wherein A180 is a group of formula -NBu-, R300 is hydrogen, and R301 is carboxy.
13. A compound as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein A50 is a group of formula (iii) as defined in claim 2, X50 is a bond and B50 is a group of formula (xxi) as defined in claim 4.
14. A compound as claimed in any one of the preceding claims having a structure of formula II:
Figure imgf000165_0001
wherein R310 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl;
A190 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR 319- wherein R319 is hydrogen or
C1-4 alkyl;
R 311, R 312 R 313 and R 314 are each independently hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, nitro, cyano, carboxy, C2-4 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-4 alkylthio, C1-4 alkylsulphinyl, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, phenyl (optionally substituted by C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, fluoro, chloro or bromo), C1-4 alkylsulphonylamino or C1-6 alkylaminosulphonyl; R315 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl;
and R316, R317 and R318 are each independently hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, nitro, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, formyl or a group of the formula -SOgR320, -SO2NR321R322 or -COR323 (wherein
R 320, R 321 R 322 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, g is 1 or 2 and R323 is C1-4 alkyl or a group of the formula -OR324 or -NR325R326 wherein R324, R325 and R326 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl); or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof
15. A compound as claimed in claim 14 having a structure of formula III
Figure imgf000166_0001
wherein A190, R310, R315, R316, R317 and R318 are each as defined in claim 14; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
16. A compound as claimed in claim 15 having a structure of formula IV
Figure imgf000167_0001
in which A190 and R310 are as defined in claim 15;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
17. A compound as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 16 wherein A190 is oxygen and R310 is hydrogen.
18. A compound as claimed in claim 1 having a structure of formula V
Figure imgf000168_0001
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein R330 is C2-10 alkyl, C3-10 alkenyl or a group of formula - (CH2)hC3-6cycloalkyl, or -(CH2)hphenyl, wherein h is 0 or an integer from 1 to 8 (optionally substituted by up to three of C1-6 alkyl, nitro, cyano, halo, fluoro, 1-3 perfluoroalkyl, 1-3 perfluoroalkylsulphonyl, C1 -6alkylsulphonyl, C1-6 alkylthio, hydroxy, C1 -6 alkoxy, or a group of formula -NR334R335, -CO2R334, -CONR334R335, -PO(OR334)2, -NR334CHO,
-NR334O(C1-6 alkyl) or -NR334COR336 (wherein R334 and R335 are each independently hydrogen or C alkyl and R336 is C1-3 perfluoroalkyl);
A 200 is bond, sulphur or oxygen;
R331 is hydrogen, halo, fluoro, formyl, nitro, C1-3 perfluoroalkyl, cyano, C1 -6 alkyl, phenyl, hydroxymethyl, or a group of formula
-CO2R338, -CONR338R339 or -NR338R339 (wherein R338 and R339 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl);
m is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4;
B60 is 1,4-phenylene, 1, 4-naphthylene, or 2,5-pyridylene, optionally substituted with one or more of halo, fluoro, C1-4 alkyl, nitro, hydroxy, C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, C1- 3 perfluoroalkyl, nitrile, or a group of formula -SO2NHR388, -NHSO2R338 or -CONR338R339 (wherein R338 and R339 are each as defined above);
A201 is oxygen, sulphur, or a group of formula -NR337- (wherein R337 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl);
R333 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl;
and R332 is a group selected from the groups represented by xxx to xxxiii below:
Figure imgf000169_0001
wherein R340 and R341 are each independently hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl or a group of formula phenyl-Y70-, biphenyl-Y70-, naphthyl-Y70-, thienyl-Y70-, furyl-Y70-, pyridyl-Y70-, pyrazolyl-Y70-, imidazolyl-Y70-, pyrrolyl-Y70-, triazolyl-Y70-, oxazolyl-Y70-, isoxazolyl -Y70-, thiazolyl -Y70-, or tetrazolyl-Y70-, with each aryl or heteroaryl group optionally substituted by hydroxy, nitro, C1-3 perfluoroalkyl, C1-3 perfluoroalkylsulphonyl, C1-6 alkylthio, C1-6 alkylsulphonyl, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, halo, fluoro or a group of formula -NR343R344, -CO2R343 -SO2NHR343, -SO3H, -CONR343R344, -NR343CHO, -NR343CO (C1-3perfluoroalkyl), or -NR343CO(C1-6 alkyl) wherein R343 and R344 are each, independently hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl; Y70 is a bond, oxygen, sulphur or C1-6 alkylene optionally substituted by phenyl or benzyl, (wherein each phenyl or benzyl group is optionally substituted by halo, nitro, trifluoromethyl, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, cyano or a group of formula -CO2R345 wherein R345 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl); R342 is -Y71-COOR346 (wherein R346 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, or 2-di(C1-6 alkyl)-amino-2-oxoethyl); -Y71-CONR347R348 (wherein R347 and R348 are each independently hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl), or -Y71-tetrazol-5-yl (wherein Y71 is a bond, vinylene, methyleneoxymethylene, methylene (each optionally substituted by C1-6 alkyl, one or two benzyl groups, thienylmethyl, furylmethyl), or a group of formula C(O)NHCHR349-, (wherein R349 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, thienylmethyl, or furylmethyl));
Figure imgf000170_0001
wherein R350 and R351 are each independently hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl; R352 is hydrogen, C1 - 8 alkyl, or a group of formula thienylY80-, furyl-Y80-, pyrazolyl-Y80-, imidazolyl¬
80 thiazolyl-Y80-, pyridyl-Y80-, tetrazolyl-Y80-, pyrrolyl-Y80-, triazolylY80-, oxazolyl-Y80-, isoxazolyl-Y80- or phenyl-Y80- (wherein Y80 is a bond or C1-6 alkylene) with each aryl or heteroaryl group optionally substituted by C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C1-4 perfluoroalkyl, C1-6 alkylthio,
C 1 - 6 a lkyl sulphonyl
perfluoroalkylsulphonyl, halo, hydroxy, nitro or a group of formula -NR354R355, -CO2R354, -SO2NHR354, -SO3H, -CONR354R355, -NR354CHO, -NR354COR356, or -NR354COC1-6 alkyl (wherein R354 and R355 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl and R356 is C1-4 perfluoroalkyl); R353 is a group of formula -CO2R358, -CONR358R357, or tetrazol-5-yl (wherein R357 and R358 are each hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl); and
n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5;
Figure imgf000171_0001
wherein R360 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 alkenyl, C1-5 alkylcarbonyl, or a group of formula -(CH2)0-3 phenyl; R361 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 alkenyl, or -(CH2)0-3 phenyl; R362 is a group of formula -CO2R364, -CONR364R365, (wherein R364 and R365 are each independently hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl) or tetrazol-5-yl;
n and p are each independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 4; and
R363 is phenyl, naphthyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, or isoxazolyl, with each aryl or heteroaryl group optionally substituted by C1- 6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, halo, fluoro, hydroxy, nitro, C1 - 4 perfluoroalkyl, cl-6 alkylsulphonyl, C1-4 perfluoroalkylsulphonyl, C1-6 alkylthio, or a group of formula
-NR366R367, -CO2R366, -CONR366R367, -SO3H, -SO2NHR366, -NR366CHO; -NR366CO(C1-4 perfluoroalkyl) or -NRCOC1-6 alkyl (wherein R366 and R367 are each independently hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl); or
Figure imgf000172_0001
wherein R370 is a group of formula -CO2R373, CONR373R374, or tetrazol-5-yl; A210 is a bond or a carbonyl group; R371 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenyl C1-4 alkylene or biphenyl or C1-3 alkylene biphenyl wherein each phenyl group is optionally substituted by up to three substituents selected from C1-6 alkyl, nitro, halo, fluoro, hydroxy, C1-6 alkyl, or a group of formula
-NR375R376, -CO2R376, or -CONR375R376 (wherein
R375 and R376 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl); R372 is hydrogen or C1-6 alkyl; R373 and R374 are independently hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, or a group of the formula -(CH2)0-4 phenyl); and n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4.
19. A compound as claimed in claim 18 wherein B60 is 1,4-phenylene (optionally substituted as defined in claim 18).
20. A compound as claimed in claim 19 having a structure of formula VI:
Figure imgf000173_0001
wherein R330, A200, R331, R332, A201 and R333 are each as defined above, and R400 and R401 are each independently hydrogen, halo, fluoro, C1-4 alkyl, nitro, hydroxy, C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, C1 -3 perfluoroalkyl, nitrilo or a group of formula -SO2NHR402, -NHSO2R402 or -CONR402R403 (wherein R402 and R403 are each hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl); and the other substituents are each as defined in claim 19.
21. A compound selected from:
3-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
3-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-^]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
3-amino-4-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b] pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione; 3-[4'-(5,7-dimethyl-2-propy1-3H-imidazo[4,5-.b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
3-[4'-(5,7-dimethyl-2-propyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
2-ethyl-3-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl) biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-5,7,N,N-tetramethyl-3H-imidazo- [4,5-b]pyridine-6-sulphonamide;
2-ethyl-3-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-5,7,N,N.-tetramethyl-3H-imidazo- [4,5-b]pyridine-6-sulphonamide;
3-[4'-(6-chloro-2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]-pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
2-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl-oxymethyl pivalate;
4-ethyl-1-[2'-(3,4-dioxo-2-isopropoxycyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl] -2-propy1-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde;
4-ethyl-1-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)-biphenyl-4-ylmethyl] -2-propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde;
3-dimethylamino-4-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo- [4,5-b.]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
1-[2-[4'-(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrid-3-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yloxy]-ethyl pivalate;
ethyl 4-[N-butyl-N-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]amino]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate;
ethyl 4-[N-butyl-N-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate;
4-[N-butyl-N-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)-biphenyl-4-ylmethylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid; 3-[4'-(2-butyl-5-oxo-2-imidazoline-4-spirocyclopent-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
3-[4'-(2-butyl-5-oxo-2-imidazoline-4-spirocyclopent-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl)]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde;
2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde;
3-[4'-(2-butyl-4-chloro-5-hydroxymethyl-1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-4-isopropoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione;
methyl 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-isopropoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate;
methyl 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate;
2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[2'-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid; and
(E)-2-benzyl-3-[2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[4-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-ylbenzyl]-1H-imidazol-5-yl]-propenoic acid; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
22. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula I, II, III, IV, V or VI as claimed in any one of the preceding claims in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
23. A method of treating hypertension by administration of an effective amount of a compound of formula I, II, III, IV, V or VI as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 21 to a human in need of such treatment.
24. The use of a compound of formula I, II, III, IV, V or VI as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 21 in the treatment of hypertension.
25. The use of a compound of formula I, II, III, IV, V or VI as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 21 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of hypertension.
26. A process for preparing a compound of formula II
Figure imgf000176_0001
wherein R310 is hydrogen or C1 - 4 alkyl;
A 190 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR319- wherein R319 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl;
R311, R312 R313 and R314 are each independently hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, nitro, cyano, carboxy, C2-4 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-4 alkylthio, C1 - 4 alkylsulphinyl, C1-4 alkylsulphonyl, phenyl (optionally substituted by C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, fluoro, chloro or bromo), C1-4 alkylsulphonylamino or C1-6 alkylaminosulphonyl; R315 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl;
and R3i6, R317 and R318 are each independently hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, nitro, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, formyl or a group of the formula -SOgR320, -SO2NR321R322 or -COR323 (wherein R320, R321, R322 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, g is 1 or 2 and R323 is C2-4 alkyl or a group of the formula -OR324 or -NR325R326 wherein R324, R325 and R326 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl); or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
by reacting a compound of formula VII
wherein L is a leaving group; with a compound of formula VIII
Figure imgf000177_0002
in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
27. A process as claimed in claim 26 wherein the compound of formula VII is prepared by reacting a compound of formula IX
Figure imgf000178_0001
wherein Met is lithium or a group of formula MgX (wherein X is chloro, bromo or iodo) and L is a leaving group, with a compound of formula X
Figure imgf000178_0002
wherein Alk and R310 are each C1-4 alkyl; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction.
28. A process for preparing a compound of formula II
Figure imgf000179_0001
wherein R310 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl,
A 190 is oxygen, sulphur or a group of the formula -NR319- wherein R319 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl;
R311, R312 R313 and R314 are each independently hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo,
C1-4 alkyl, C1 - 4 alkoxy, nitro, cyano, carboxy, C2-4 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-4 alkylthio, C1-4 alkylsulphinyl, C1 - 4 alkylsulphonyl, phenyl (optionally substituted by C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, fluoro, chloro or bromo), C1 - 4 alkylsulphonylamino or C1 - 6 alkylaminosulphonyl; R315 is hydrogen or C1 - 4 alkyl; and R316, R317 and R318 are each independently hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, nitro, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, formyl or a group of the formula
-SOgR320 -SO2NR321R322 or -COR323 (wherein R320, R321, R322 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, g is 1 or 2 and R323 is C1-4 alkyl or a group of the formula -OR324 or -NR325R326 wherein R324, R325 and R326 are each independently hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl); or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof ;
by reacting a compound of formula XI
Figure imgf000180_0001
with a compound of formula XII
Figure imgf000180_0002
wherein T is a trialkylstannyl group and R310 is C1-4 alkyl; in a solvent inert to the conditions of the reaction; in the presence of a metal catalyst.
PCT/EP1993/001774 1992-07-10 1993-07-03 Dioxcyclobutene derivatives as angiotensin ii antagonists WO1994001436A1 (en)

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US08/362,492 US5627191A (en) 1992-07-10 1993-07-03 Therapeutic agents
JP6502961A JPH07508740A (en) 1992-07-10 1993-07-03 Dioxocyclobutene derivatives as angiotensin-11 antagonists
PL93307127A PL307127A1 (en) 1992-07-10 1993-07-03 Therapeutic agents
DE69321471T DE69321471T2 (en) 1992-07-10 1993-07-03 DIOXCYCLOBUTEN DERIVATIVES AS ANGIOTENSIN II ANTAGONISTS
EP93915838A EP0649424B1 (en) 1992-07-10 1993-07-03 Dioxcyclobutene derivatives as angiotensin ii antagonists
SK28-95A SK2895A3 (en) 1992-07-10 1993-07-03 Substituted 3-cyclobutene-1,2-diones, method of their preparation and pharmaceutical agents which containing thereof
AU45658/93A AU673183B2 (en) 1992-07-10 1993-07-03 Dioxcyclobutene derivatives as angiotensin II antagonists
FI950089A FI950089A (en) 1992-07-10 1995-01-09 Dioxocyclobutene derivatives as angiotensin II antagonists
BG99337A BG99337A (en) 1992-07-10 1995-01-09 Derivatives of dioxicyclobutene as angiotensine ii antagonist
NO950082A NO950082L (en) 1992-07-10 1995-01-09 Dioxycyclobutene derivatives as angiotensin II antagonists
KR96700091A KR0137885B1 (en) 1992-07-10 1995-01-10 Method and device for cleaning

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GB929214690A GB9214690D0 (en) 1992-07-10 1992-07-10 Therapeutic agents
GB9214690.1 1992-07-10
GB9218449.8 1992-08-29
GB929218449A GB9218449D0 (en) 1992-08-29 1992-08-29 Therapeutic agents
GB9218849.9 1992-09-05
GB929218848A GB9218848D0 (en) 1992-09-05 1992-09-05 Therapeutic agents
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GB929218849A GB9218849D0 (en) 1992-09-05 1992-09-05 Therapeutic agents

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ATE171946T1 (en) 1998-10-15
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DE69321471T2 (en) 1999-03-04
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DE69321471D1 (en) 1998-11-12
US5627191A (en) 1997-05-06
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