WO1994005497A1 - Laminates - Google Patents

Laminates Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994005497A1
WO1994005497A1 PCT/GB1993/001908 GB9301908W WO9405497A1 WO 1994005497 A1 WO1994005497 A1 WO 1994005497A1 GB 9301908 W GB9301908 W GB 9301908W WO 9405497 A1 WO9405497 A1 WO 9405497A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
window
adhesive
laminate
laminate according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1993/001908
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
David John Anderson
Original Assignee
David John Anderson
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB929219051A external-priority patent/GB9219051D0/en
Priority claimed from GB929220778A external-priority patent/GB9220778D0/en
Application filed by David John Anderson filed Critical David John Anderson
Priority to AU49774/93A priority Critical patent/AU4977493A/en
Publication of WO1994005497A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994005497A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer

Definitions

  • This invention relates to laminates for use in a variety of purposes such as for reducing transmission of light and/or heat and/or sound through window or other glazed units comprising glass or transparent plastic, e.g. conservatory roofs, car windscreens, etc.
  • window or other glazed units comprising glass or transparent plastic, e.g. conservatory roofs, car windscreens, etc.
  • the effects of solar heat and glare, and of winter heat loss, through windows or other glazed units are intermittent, depending on prevailing weather conditions.
  • a laminate may be formed of two layers of plastics material each having different properties, the two layers being united by an adhesive.
  • a plastics material such as plasticised polyvinylchloride
  • the layers and the adhesive should be transparent or semi-transparent.
  • a substantially transparent laminate comprising:
  • a layer of a plastics material having self- stick properties but being substantially devoid of dimensional stability
  • the two layers being adhered together so that the laminate has self stick properties and dimensional stability.
  • the layer of plastics material is a layer of plasticised or unplasticised polyvinylchloride, polyester, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, Tedlar (a trade name of Du Pont) or the like.
  • the layer of plastics material is a plasticised polyvinylchloride or the like. Because the plasticised polyvinylchloride and the like are soft and have self stick properties they may be difficult to handle without damage. The dimensional stable plastics such as polyesters and polycarbonates are also prone to damage. A laminate of this invention is not.
  • the plastics material may be transparent or may be tinted, e.g. by the presence of suitable agents introduced during manufacture or at a later stage.
  • Other additives may be present in the plastics material, examples being a UV stabiliser and/or filter.
  • the two layers are adhered together by means of a pressure sensitive adhesive, such as an acrylic adhesive.
  • a cross-linked adhesive is a polyurethane.
  • the adhesive is applied between the two layers to a density of between about 4 and about 35 g/m-** * , most preferably the density is between about 6 glvn- and about 20 g/m**--.
  • Additives, e.g. tinting agents and UV stabilisers and/or filters may be present in the adhesive.
  • the invention provides a substantially transparent laminate comprising:
  • an intervening layer securing the first two layers together, the intervening layer being an acrylic adhesive or a cross-linked polyurethane.
  • the intervening layer being an acrylic adhesive or a cross-linked polyurethane.
  • one surface of the layer of the plastics material having dimensional stability is metallised: most advantageously the surface in question is that facing the other layer.
  • a laminate of the invention may be used as a window blind or film.
  • the window film is preferably adapted to a window or the like prone to physical attack or abuse, such as a security screen, car window or the like.
  • One other advantage of the use of polyvinylchloride is its resistance to fire which means that a laminate of the invention can satisfy the fire retardancy regulations for commercial buildings.
  • the laminate has drape and may be used as a curtain.
  • the laminate may be modified.
  • another layer (or layers) of plastics material, optionally metallised may be present on one or both outer surfaces of the defined laminate, the layer cr layers optionally being secured to the laminate and to each other by adhesive.
  • the invention includes a window to the inner surface of which has been applied a laminate as defined.
  • the invention extends also to such a window in which either the layer of metallised plastics material is applied to the window surface or the layer of plastics material of dimensional stability is applied to the window surface, preferably with adhesive present between the window surface and the facing applied layer.
  • S represents the layer of plasticised polyvinylchloride or like soft plastics film
  • D represents the layer of polyester or like dimensionally stable film
  • A represents the layer of pressure sensitive or set or cured adhesive
  • M represents the layer of metal particles and G the glass
  • P represents a pressure sensitive adhesive.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a structure of a laminate useful as a window blind.
  • Figure 1 shows an enclosed laminate or sandwich and
  • Figure 2 illustrates an open laminate or sandwich.
  • the advantage of the embodiment of Figure 1 is that the metallised layer is protected by the layer on each side thereof. It does not come into direct contact with the adh ⁇ sive/plasticisers associated with the soft plastic.
  • the adhesive interface bonds directly to the metallised surface and may be prone to damage because of leakage of the plasticisers from the soft plastic.
  • Figures 3 to 6 illustrates use of the invention as a laminate applied to the inner surface of a conventional window.
  • These laminates employ pressure sensitive adhesive.
  • the construction use a soft plastic for softness and ease of handling, and polyester and other rigid type plastics for dimensional stability.
  • a pressure sensitive adhesive may be used to bond the laminate to the glazing.
  • the benefit of the laminate construction is that the laminate has excellent tear strength and is ideal for all security situations where it is necessary for the glazing to withstand violent physical attack or impact, bomb blast, attack by bullets, etc., e.g. security screens, vehicle windows and the like.
  • the laminate could be supplied either with or without a metallised layer.
  • the soft plastic In the case of a clear laminate the soft plastic would be bonded directly to the polyester or polycarbonate and either self stick properties could be used for adhesion to the window or preferably an additional pressure sensitive adhesive would be added to fix the material to the glazing.
  • the adhesive would preferably be on the polyester or polycarbonate layer although it could be in the soft plastic if necessary.
  • Figures 7 to 10 illustrate the laminate in a form suitable for self sticking to a glass surface.
  • Figures 10 and 11 illustrate other embodiments of the invention.
  • Figures 3,5,7,8 illustrate so-called closed structures whereas Figures 2,4,6 and 10 are so-called open laminates.

Abstract

A laminate comprises a layer of plastics material having self-stick properties adhered to a layer of a plastics material which does not have self-stick properties but is dimensionally stable so that the laminate has dimensional stability and self-stick properties.

Description

LAMINATES
This invention relates to laminates for use in a variety of purposes such as for reducing transmission of light and/or heat and/or sound through window or other glazed units comprising glass or transparent plastic, e.g. conservatory roofs, car windscreens, etc. The effects of solar heat and glare, and of winter heat loss, through windows or other glazed units are intermittent, depending on prevailing weather conditions.
I have now discovered that a laminate may be formed of two layers of plastics material each having different properties, the two layers being united by an adhesive. In particular, it is possible to combine the softness of a plastics material such as plasticised polyvinylchloride with the dimensional stability of a polyester. For this invention the layers and the adhesive should be transparent or semi-transparent.
In one aspect of the invention there is provided a substantially transparent laminate comprising:
a layer of a plastics material, the layer having self- stick properties but being substantially devoid of dimensional stability,
a layer of plastics material having dimensional stability and being substantially devoid of self-stick properties,
the two layers being adhered together so that the laminate has self stick properties and dimensional stability.
Preferably the layer of plastics material is a layer of plasticised or unplasticised polyvinylchloride, polyester, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, Tedlar (a trade name of Du Pont) or the like. Preferably the layer of plastics material is a plasticised polyvinylchloride or the like. Because the plasticised polyvinylchloride and the like are soft and have self stick properties they may be difficult to handle without damage. The dimensional stable plastics such as polyesters and polycarbonates are also prone to damage. A laminate of this invention is not.
The plastics material may be transparent or may be tinted, e.g. by the presence of suitable agents introduced during manufacture or at a later stage. Other additives may be present in the plastics material, examples being a UV stabiliser and/or filter.
Preferably the two layers are adhered together by means of a pressure sensitive adhesive, such as an acrylic adhesive. In another version the two layers are adhered together by means of a cross-linked adhesive. Preferably the cross-linked adhesive is a polyurethane. Preferably, the adhesive is applied between the two layers to a density of between about 4 and about 35 g/m-***, most preferably the density is between about 6 glvn- and about 20 g/m**--. Additives, e.g. tinting agents and UV stabilisers and/or filters may be present in the adhesive.
In one specific aspect the invention provides a substantially transparent laminate comprising:
a layer of plasticised polyvinylchloride as the layer of plastics material having self-stick properties;
a layer of polyester or polycarbonate as the layer of plastics material having dimensional stability, and
an intervening layer securing the first two layers together, the intervening layer being an acrylic adhesive or a cross-linked polyurethane. Preferably one surface of the layer of the plastics material having dimensional stability is metallised: most advantageously the surface in question is that facing the other layer.
A laminate of the invention may be used as a window blind or film. The window film is preferably adapted to a window or the like prone to physical attack or abuse, such as a security screen, car window or the like. One other advantage of the use of polyvinylchloride is its resistance to fire which means that a laminate of the invention can satisfy the fire retardancy regulations for commercial buildings.
In addition because of its softness and strength the laminate has drape and may be used as a curtain.
The laminate may be modified. For example, another layer (or layers) of plastics material, optionally metallised, may be present on one or both outer surfaces of the defined laminate, the layer cr layers optionally being secured to the laminate and to each other by adhesive.
The invention includes a window to the inner surface of which has been applied a laminate as defined. The invention extends also to such a window in which either the layer of metallised plastics material is applied to the window surface or the layer of plastics material of dimensional stability is applied to the window surface, preferably with adhesive present between the window surface and the facing applied layer.
In my co-pending Application for Letters Patent No. 90.24007.8 published under No. GB2249284A (Agent's Ref 2959GB), there is described and claimed a method of reducing transmission through a window or other glazed unit, comprising applying a layer of metallised plastics material to the material with which the window or other is glazed, by means of an intermediate layer of self-stick laminate having self-stick properties on both sides. The metallised layer reduces transmission through the window, and can be removed when not required.
In order that the invention may be well understood it will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, which illustrate sections through different embodiments of the invention. In the drawings, S represents the layer of plasticised polyvinylchloride or like soft plastics film, and D represents the layer of polyester or like dimensionally stable film; A represents the layer of pressure sensitive or set or cured adhesive; M represents the layer of metal particles and G the glass; P represents a pressure sensitive adhesive.
Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a structure of a laminate useful as a window blind. Figure 1 shows an enclosed laminate or sandwich and Figure 2 illustrates an open laminate or sandwich.
The advantage of the embodiment of Figure 1 is that the metallised layer is protected by the layer on each side thereof. It does not come into direct contact with the adhεsive/plasticisers associated with the soft plastic. In the construction of Figure 2 the adhesive interface bonds directly to the metallised surface and may be prone to damage because of leakage of the plasticisers from the soft plastic.
The embodiments of Figures 3 to 6 illustrates use of the invention as a laminate applied to the inner surface of a conventional window. These laminates employ pressure sensitive adhesive. The construction, use a soft plastic for softness and ease of handling, and polyester and other rigid type plastics for dimensional stability. A pressure sensitive adhesive may be used to bond the laminate to the glazing. The benefit of the laminate construction is that the laminate has excellent tear strength and is ideal for all security situations where it is necessary for the glazing to withstand violent physical attack or impact, bomb blast, attack by bullets, etc., e.g. security screens, vehicle windows and the like. The laminate could be supplied either with or without a metallised layer. In the case of a clear laminate the soft plastic would be bonded directly to the polyester or polycarbonate and either self stick properties could be used for adhesion to the window or preferably an additional pressure sensitive adhesive would be added to fix the material to the glazing. The adhesive would preferably be on the polyester or polycarbonate layer although it could be in the soft plastic if necessary.
The embodiments of Figures 7 to 10 illustrate the laminate in a form suitable for self sticking to a glass surface. Figures 10 and 11 illustrate other embodiments of the invention. Figures 3,5,7,8 illustrate so-called closed structures whereas Figures 2,4,6 and 10 are so-called open laminates.

Claims

1. A substantially transparent laminate comprising:
a layer of a plastics material, the layer having self-stick properties but being substantially devoid of dimensional stability,
a layer of plastics material having dimensional stability and being substantially devoid of self-stick properties,
the two layers being adhered together so that the laminate has both self-stick properties and dimensional stability.
2. A laminate according to Claim 1, wherein the layer of plastics material is a layer of plasticised polyvinylchloride, polyethylene, polystyrene; or the like.
3. A laminate according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the layer of plastics material of dimensional stability is a polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene or a polycarbonate; or the like.
4. A laminate according to any preceding Claim, wherein the two layers are adhered together by means of a pressure sensitive adhesive.
5. A laminate according to Claim 4, wherein the adhesive is an acrylic adhesive.
6. A laminate according to any of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the two layers are adhered together by means of a cross-linked adhesive.
7. A laminate according to Claim 6, wherein the cross-linked adhesive is a polyurethane.
8. A laminate according to Claim 6 or 7, wherein before cross linking the adhesive is applied between the two layers to a density of between about 2 and about 35 g/m----,
preferably between about 6 g/m-^ and about 20 g/m^.
9. A laminate according to any preceding Claim, wherein one surface of the layer of the plastics material having dimensional stability has been metallised.
10. A laminate according to Claim 9, wherein the metallised surface faces the other layer.
11.. A laminate according to any preceding Claim, including tinting agents and/or a UV stabiliser and/or filters in any of layers and adhesive.
12. A laminate according to any preceding Claim, wherein another layer or layers of plastics material, optionally metallised, is present on one or both outer surfaces of the defined laminate, the layer or layers optionally being secured to the laminate and to each other by adhesive.
13. A laminate according to any preceding Claim in the form of a window blind or curtain.
14. A laminate according to any of Claims 1 to 12, comprising a window film to be applied to the inside surface of the window.
15. A laminate according to Claim 13 or 14, wherein the window is a security screen, car window or the like.
16 A window having a laminate according to any of Claims 1 to 12 applied to the inner surface thereof.
17. A window according to Claim 16, wherein a layer of metallised plastics material is applied to the window inner surface.
18. A window according to Claim 16, wherein the layer of plastics material of dimensional stability is applied to the window inner surface.
19. A window according to Claim 17 or 18, wherein adhesive is present between the window surface and the applied layer.
20. A window according to Claim 19, wherein the adhesive is a pressure sensitive adhesive.
21. A window according to Claim 19, wherein the adhesive is a curable adhesive.
PCT/GB1993/001908 1992-09-09 1993-09-09 Laminates WO1994005497A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU49774/93A AU4977493A (en) 1992-09-09 1993-09-09 Laminates

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB929219051A GB9219051D0 (en) 1992-09-09 1992-09-09 Laminates
GB9219051.1 1992-09-09
GB9220778.6 1992-10-02
GB929220778A GB9220778D0 (en) 1992-10-02 1992-10-02 Laminates
GB929221358A GB9221358D0 (en) 1992-09-09 1992-10-12 Laminates
GB9221358.6 1992-10-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994005497A1 true WO1994005497A1 (en) 1994-03-17

Family

ID=27266358

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1993/001908 WO1994005497A1 (en) 1992-09-09 1993-09-09 Laminates

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4977493A (en)
WO (1) WO1994005497A1 (en)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4081300A (en) * 1973-07-18 1978-03-28 Material Distributors Corporation Solar control film for use by consumers and the like
FR2414114A1 (en) * 1978-01-05 1979-08-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg ANTI-SUN FILM WITH INSULATING PROPERTIES
JPS54114516A (en) * 1978-02-28 1979-09-06 Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd Preparation of laminated safety glass
JPS62130845A (en) * 1985-12-03 1987-06-13 旭化成株式会社 Sheet for sticking plate glass
GB2217256A (en) * 1988-04-21 1989-10-25 Wallace Business Services Limi Plastics film laminates having non-adhesive cling properties
US4952459A (en) * 1988-09-19 1990-08-28 Thatcher Jesse D Glass sheet and laminate at one side thereof
GB2249284A (en) * 1990-11-05 1992-05-06 David John Anderson Reducing transmission through windows or other glazed units

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4081300A (en) * 1973-07-18 1978-03-28 Material Distributors Corporation Solar control film for use by consumers and the like
FR2414114A1 (en) * 1978-01-05 1979-08-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg ANTI-SUN FILM WITH INSULATING PROPERTIES
JPS54114516A (en) * 1978-02-28 1979-09-06 Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd Preparation of laminated safety glass
JPS62130845A (en) * 1985-12-03 1987-06-13 旭化成株式会社 Sheet for sticking plate glass
GB2217256A (en) * 1988-04-21 1989-10-25 Wallace Business Services Limi Plastics film laminates having non-adhesive cling properties
US4952459A (en) * 1988-09-19 1990-08-28 Thatcher Jesse D Glass sheet and laminate at one side thereof
GB2249284A (en) * 1990-11-05 1992-05-06 David John Anderson Reducing transmission through windows or other glazed units

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; AN 79-76072B (42) *
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; AN 87-202621 (29) *

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Publication number Publication date
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