WO1997038295A1 - Device to alternately supply a fluid to an analyzer - Google Patents
Device to alternately supply a fluid to an analyzer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997038295A1 WO1997038295A1 PCT/US1997/006814 US9706814W WO9738295A1 WO 1997038295 A1 WO1997038295 A1 WO 1997038295A1 US 9706814 W US9706814 W US 9706814W WO 9738295 A1 WO9738295 A1 WO 9738295A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- hollow needle
- chamber
- fluid stream
- opening
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N35/1079—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices with means for piercing stoppers or septums
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N2001/2893—Preparing calibration standards
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/10—Composition for standardization, calibration, simulation, stabilization, preparation or preservation; processes of use in preparation for chemical testing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis
- Y10T436/117497—Automated chemical analysis with a continuously flowing sample or carrier stream
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/23—Carbon containing
- Y10T436/235—In an aqueous solution [e.g., TOC, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
- Y10T436/2575—Volumetric liquid transfer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of chemical analysis, and more particularly to a method and a device that supplies a portion of fluid from a stream to a chemical analyzer and, when desired, supplies fluid of known chemical composition to the analyzer.
- Fluid analysis is used in a wide variety of research, manufacturing, waste disposal and other applications.
- the fluid is transported from one location to another in a fluid stream, and it is often desirable to analyze the contents of the stream. This may be done by taking a sample from the fluid stream at selected time intervals.
- the composition of the fluid stream may vary considerably between the sampling intervals, so that the samples may not accurately reflect the composition of the stream. Collecting samples from the stream is also physically complicated. It is therefore often preferred to link an analyzer in-line with the fluid stream.
- analyzers only need test a small fraction of the total quantity of a stream to function properly, so that the majority of the fluid stream may bypass the analyzer. Diverting a small fraction of a fluid stream to an analyzer without using extensive and complicated plumbing can be a considerable design challenge.
- Analyzers in general, have only one inlet, so that the known sample must somehow be substituted into and out of the fluid stream path when the analyzer is tested.
- the prior art method of performing this swapping involves a multitude of discrete steps, many of which require plumbing changes and special tools.
- the fluid stream must be disconnected from the analyzer.
- the known sample must be connected to the analyzer.
- the analyzer is tested and calibrated, the known sample must be disconnected from the analyzer, and the fluid stream must be reconnected.
- the process of connecting and disconnecting the fluid stream and the known sample may need to be repeated many times over relatively short time frames, such as days or weeks.
- the process causes substantial down time to the flow of the fluid stream, which may interfere with the manufacturing, disposal or other operations involving the fluid stream.
- the connecting and disconnecting process causes substantial wear on the involved parts, and hence reduces their reliability and operating life.
- a mistake in this process may allow fluid to leak from the fluid stream or the analyzer, perhaps endangering the health of persons exposed to the leaked fluid and certainly disrupting whatever downstream applications are in use.
- the use of valving or tubing sections that are unique to either the known sample or to the fluid stream adds complexity and moving parts, and invites contamination that can produce inaccurate or imprecise results. In the case of the fluid stream, this contamination can lead to the disruption of the downstream application of the fluid stream, potentially fouling manufacturing or treatment equipment.
- Such detectors measure total organic carbon concentration (TOC) and total carbon concentration in water, a standard method for assessing the level of contamination of organic compounds in potable waters, industrial process waters, and municipal and industrial waste waters.
- TOC measurement is used to determine the purity of potable and process water for manned space based systems such as the space shuttle, and will in all likelihood be used in future manned explorations.
- a detector according to an embodiment of the above mentioned patents includes an acidification module, an inorganic carbon removal module incorporating a gas permeable membrane, and an oxidation reaction system. Coupled with an oxidation reactor to form carbon dioxide and a high sensitivity conductomeric detector, such a detector allows on-line measurements of the TOC of aqueous streams.
- the method described in the above patent involves combusting a sample in a hydrogen/air flame of a flame ionization detector, and measuring the ionic species produced in the flame. Concurrently, sulfur monoxide produced in the flame is withdrawn and measured by ozone-induced chemiluminescence. Both sulfur monoxide, from which sulfur containing species are measured, and ions containing carbon, from which organic compound concentrations can be deduced, are formed in one detection operation.
- the above analyzers are representative of the broad class of analyzers used to monitor fluid streams.
- the present invention has application with a wide variety of other analyzers designed to detect and measure many different compounds.
- the present invention is a device and method that allows a portion of a stream of fluid to be diverted to an analyzer and also allows for a known fluid sample to be supplied to the analyzer so that the analyzer may be properly calibrated. In general, only a small portion of a fluid stream need be supplied to an analyzer; the remainder of the fluid stream may bypass the analyzer. After a portion of the fluid stream has been analyzed, it may be rejoined with the primary fluid flow path. Since a portion of the fluid stream is continuously diverted to the analyzer, the analyzer may continuously monitor the composition of the fluid flow instead of relying on intermittent samples.
- the analyzer may receive a known fluid sample instead of a portion of the fluid stream when desired by a user.
- a vial or other container of the known sample may be placed in fluid communication with the analyzer, temporarily replacing the fluid stream. This may be done without disturbing the communication path between the analyzer and the fluid flow path, although the actual flow of the fluid stream is preferably halted.
- the known sample occupies the portion of the fluid flow path from which fluid is diverted to the analyzer so that the known sample, instead of fluid from the fluid stream, is then supplied to the analyzer. After the analyzer is tested and, if necessary, calibrated using the known sample, the container of known fluid sample may be removed, and the flow of the fluid stream may be resumed. Thus, the fluid stream and the known sample may be alternately supplied to the analyzer, without changing the connections leading to the analyzer or the fluid flow path.
- the known sample may be supplied to the analyzer in a controlled condition, as the container of fluid may remain hermetically sealed until it is coupled with the analyzer.
- the known sample can be introduced for calibration of the device, and then removed for use of the device with a sample stream, without the use of any special tools and without any changes in the general plumbing of the system. There are no moving parts in the apparatus, and no valving or tubing sections which are unique to the known sample or to the fluid stream which could become contaminated to distort the analysis.
- An overflow port allows fluid to escape from the device if the fluid pressure exceeds a threshold level, thereby reducing the fluid pressure and possibly preventing damage to the device or to downstream applications.
- the invention may supply air to the container containing the known fluid sample as fluid drains from the container to the analyzer, so that a vacuum is prevented from forming in the container.
- the invention may be formed in a compact, integral unit, that allows for easy installation into a fluid flow path and that may be safely used with a wide range of fluids, even many corrosive fluids, over a wide temperature range.
- the fluid stream is directed from an external conduit into a housing having an inlet and an outlet.
- the fluid stream is first directed into a sampling chamber on one side of the housing.
- the sampling chamber extends to an opening at the top of the block, through which a tube containing a known sample may be inserted.
- this tube opening is sealed by a housing cover.
- the sampling chamber leads to a horizontal weir that extends beneath the top of the housing, through which the fluid stream flows.
- the horizontal weir leads to a discharge chamber, which extends parallel to the sampling chamber towards an outlet at the bottom of the housing.
- An external conduit leads from the outlet to any desired location, such as downstream manufacturing equipment or a disposal reservoir.
- a portion of the fluid stream is diverted from the primary fluid stream to the analyzer through a conduit, such as a needle, positioned in the sampling chamber. As the fluid stream flows through the sampling chamber, some of the fluid will be drawn through the needle.
- the needle extends through the bottom of the sampling chamber and is in fluid communication with an outlet in the bottom of the housing.
- the analyzer is coupled to this outlet, either directly or through a conduit.
- the present invention also provides a convenient method to supply a standardized fluid sample of known composition and concentration to the analyzer when desired, so that the proper operation of the analyzer may be verified and, if necessary, calibrated.
- the known sample is preferably supplied in a vial similar in size to a standard laboratory test tube, with the mouth of the vial sealed by an inert frangible diaphragm such as a teflon lined silicone disk. This allows the sample to be manufactured and transported to the eventual user in a clean or sterile condition.
- the housing cover is removed, exposing the vial receptacle located above the sampling chamber.
- the vial is then inserted into the sampling chamber, with the mouth positioned downward.
- the diaphragm is first punctured by a hollow venting conduit, preferably a needle, that extends upwards in the sampling chamber parallel to, and somewhat higher than, the sampling needle. As the vial is slid down into the sampling chamber, the diaphragm is next punctured by the sampling needle. The known fluid sample in the vial is then transported through the sampling needle to the analyzer, allowing for proper calibration.
- a hollow venting conduit preferably a needle
- venting needle As fluid is transported from the vial to the analyzer, air (or some other substance) must flow into the vial to prevent a vacuum from forming therein. This is preferably accomplished through the venting needle.
- the end of the venting needle that punctures the diaphragm is situated in the vial.
- the other end of the /enting needle communicates with the atmosphere (or possibly another pressurized or unpressurized gaseous source) , preferably by extending into a venting chamber located beneath the sampling chamber.
- the venting chamber is in fluid communication with the sampling chamber via the venting needle, but is otherwise fluidly sealed therefrom so that the primary fluid flow path from the sampling chamber to the horizontal weir is not substantially disturbed.
- the venting chamber is also in gaseous communication with the discharge chamber, through a conduit that, preferably, extends externally from the housing. Air is then supplied through the conduit and the venting chamber into the vial to replace the volume of fluid supplied to the analyzer. It should be appreciated that air could be supplied to the vial from locations other than the discharge chamber. For instance, the venting chamber could have a conduit leading externally from the housing to other destinations in addition to or instead of the conduit leading to the discharge chamber.
- venting needle When the device is operating with the fluid stream flowing through the chambers, a portion of the fluid stream may flow through the venting needle and assists in cleaning it. Since the venting needle is linked with the discharge chamber, this causes no problem, as the fluid flowing through the venting needle merges with the remainder of the fluid in the discharge chamber.
- the external conduit linking the venting chamber and the discharge chamber may be removed and cleaned when necessary.
- the venting chamber and the discharge chamber are linked by an internal conduit (i.e., a conduit contained fully within the housing) , which allows for a somewhat more compact device, but complicates cleaning.
- the vials of known sample may be suitable for one use or for multiple uses.
- a suitably elastomeric diaphragm will automatically seal after the vial is withdrawn from the housing, when the needles no longer penetrate the diaphragm. This allows the vial to be reused as long as sufficient fluid remains in the vial to test and calibrate the analyzer.
- the vials may be designed for one use, which has the advantages of a reduced risk of contamination and insuring that a sufficient amount of known sample fluid will be supplied to the analyzer.
- the vial may be removed and stored for another use, or may be discarded or perhaps refilled.
- the fluid stream through the housing may then be resumed.
- the known sample may again be supplied to test and calibrate the analyzer.
- the overflow port is located above the horizontal weir where the horizontal weir joins the discharge chamber. During normal flow, the fluid stream will not exit the device through the overflow port, as it is located above the horizontal weir. Should the pressure on the device increase beyond a threshold level, however, the overflow port will allow a portion of the fluid stream to be discharged and the pressure through the device to be reduced.
- the housing may be manufactured of any substance able to withstand high temperatures and a variety of corrosive fluids. In the pharmaceutical industry, for example, fluid temperatures may reach 99°C.
- the housing material should thus be capable of withstanding such temperatures without introducing contaminants from the material into the fluid stream.
- Polysulfone is a preferred material, because of its excellent resistance to heat and corrosion and because it may be molded and machined to the desired shape. Also, polysulfone is at least semi-transparent, which allows a user to observe the flow of fluid through the device, and detect any blockages, leaks, or other operational disruptions. Other materials may also be suitable.
- the interior dimensions of the flow paths are very small. This allows for rapid response times even at very low flow rates, as low as about 10 ml/min in a preferred embodiment (although still lower flow rates could be achieved if desired by further miniaturization of the flow paths) .
- the invention provides for a convenient method of diverting a portion of a fluid stream to an analyzer, and alternately supplying a known fluid sample to the analyzer.
- the invention uses a minimum of components and may be used with a wide variety of fluids and analyzers.
- FIG. 1 is an elevation view of an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an elevation view of an embodiment of the present invention, as it supplies fluid from an inserted vial to an analyzer.
- FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the vial of FIG. 2 with portions around the mouth of the vial cut away.
- FIG. 4 is a partially exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention, with interior portions shown in phantom.
- the present invention in a preferred embodiment includes an integrated rectangular housing 10 having a fluid inlet 20 through which fluid may be introduced from an exterior intake conduit 24.
- the inlet 20 leads to a sampling chamber 30 that extends through the housing 10 substantially along one side of the housing 10.
- the sampling chamber 30 continues towards the top of the housing 10 to a tube inlet 40 that leads to the housing 10 exterior.
- the horizontal weir 50 extends towards the opposite side of the housing 10 from the sampling chamber 30, and connects to a discharge chamber 60.
- the discharge chamber 60 runs parallel to the sampling chamber 30, and terminates at the bottom of the housing 10 at a discharge outlet 62 and terminates at the top of the housing 10 at an overflow outlet 64.
- An external discharge conduit 66 may be attached to the discharge outlet 62.
- the housing 10 is preferably an integrated unit, the above described chambers could be formed from either a singe piece of conduit or from separate conduits joined together.
- the integrated unit in which the separate chambers are bored through an otherwise substantially solid piece of material, provides strong and leak-proof chambers.
- the rectangular shape of the housing 10 may modified to almost any shape whatsoever. A rectangular shape is generally preferred as it efficiently uses space and allows for the housing 10 to be mounted to any flat surface.
- a housing cover 12 is removably attachec o the top of the housing 10, and covers the vial receptacle 40.
- the housing cover 12 partially covers the overflow outlet 64, so that the overflow outlet 64 is covered from above by the housing cover 12 but is open at a side at the interface between the housing 10 and the housing cover 12.
- a conduit preferably a hollow sampling needle 70, is positioned within the sampling chamber 30, with an inlet 72 proximate the top of the needle 70.
- the inlet 72 is positioned so as to pierce the septum.
- the sampling needle 70 continues beneath the sampling chamber 30 to the bottom of the housing 10, where the sampling needle 70 terminates at a sampling outlet 76.
- a sampling conduit 80 may be connected to the sampling outlet 76, and may run to a chemical analyzer 82 or other desired sampling apparatus. Alternatively, depending on the analyzer 82, the analyzer 82 may be directly connected to the sampling outlet 76.
- an amount of fluid when fluid is flowing through the housing 10 from the inlet 20 to the outlet 62, an amount of fluid will be diverted through the sampling needle 70 to the analyzer 82.
- the amount of fluid diverted will typically be a small fraction of the total amount of fluid entering the inlet 20.
- the analyzer 82 preferably contains a di ⁇ charge conduit 84 in fluid communication with the discharge chamber 60 via an analyzer waste inlet 85, so that all of the fluid will be commingled for manufacturing use, disposal, or other downstream application. Otherwise, a separate disposal system would be necessary for the fluid supplied to the analyzer 82, requiring redundant conduits and storage receptacles. In some applications, however, the analyzer 82 may alter the fluid during the analyzing process, and it may not be desirable to reintroduce that fluid into the primary fluid stream that is not diverted to the analyzer 82. Of course, a separate disposal system may be attached to the analyzer 82 in such situations.
- the present invention allows for a constant sample of the fluid stream to be analyzed with minimal disruption to the primary stream flow.
- the constant flow to the analyzer 82 allows for the contents of the fluid stream to be analyzed as often as desired, such as on a periodic basis, or even continuously, as determined by the operation of the analyzer 82.
- the present invention also allows for a sample of known chemical composition and concentration to be supplied to the analyzer 82. This is useful so that the integrity of the analyzer 82 may be monitored by verifying that the known chemical is correctly analyzed. If the analyzer 82 analyzes the known chemical sample within acceptable limits, the normal fluid stream flow through the inlet 20 may be resumed.
- the analyzer 82 may be calibrated until the known chemical is correctly analyzed.
- the fluid stream is analyzed, and a known sample is analyzed, without changes to the ⁇ umbing configuration or the need for any tools to accomplish the change, and without employing any moving parts.
- the configuration of the device ensures that the known sample passes through the same inlets and conduits as the fluid stream, thereby avoiding the inaccuracy and imprecision that can result from valves or tubing sections which are unique to the known sample or to the fluid stream.
- the known chemical is preferably supplied in a sealed vial 90 that may be inserted into the sampling chamber 30 through the vial receptacle 40.
- the housing cover 12 To access the vial receptacle 40, the housing cover 12 must be opened, exposing the vial receptacle 40.
- the vial 90 is preferably cylindrical and dimensioned similarly to a typical chemical test tube.
- the mouth 92 of the vial 90 is sealingly covered by an inert frangible elastomeric diaphragm 94.
- the diaphragm 94 may be made of silicone or other materials, and may be secured to the vial 90 by a screw cap 96 that screws around the exterior of the mouth 92.
- the diaphragm 94 allows a fluid sample of known composition and concentration to be supplied to a user in a controlled condition.
- the tube 90 is inserted into the sampling chamber 30 with the mouth 92 end downward.
- the diaphragm 94 is punctured by a venting needle 100 located in the sampling chamber 30 parallel to the sampling needle 70 and extending higher in the sampling chamber 30 than does the sampling needle 70.
- the vial 90 may be inserted until the screw cap 96 seats onto the bottom of t 2 sampling chamber 30.
- the venting needle 100 is to supply air to the vial 90 to prevent the formation of a vacuum in the vial 90 as fluid drains out of the vial 90. Otherwise, the negative pressure created by the vacuum that would form in the end of the vial 90 opposite the mouth 92 would disrupt the smooth fluid flow from the vial 90. Air or other gas is supplied into the vial 90 through the venting needle 100 at a venting needle inlet 102 located proximate the end of the venting needle 100 that extends above the sampling chamber 30. In an alternative embodiment, the venting needle 100 extends out the bottom of the housing and is connected via a conduit to the discharge chamber 60 or to other replacement fluid sources.
- venting needle 100 extends into a venting chamber 110 located beneath the sampling chamber 30.
- the venting chamber 110 is sealed from the sampling chamber 30 by the bottom of the sampling chamber 30, and preferably also by an O-ring 112 disposed at the top of the venting chamber 110.
- the bottom of the venting chamber 110 preferably is sealed by an O-ring 114.
- the venting chamber 110 is in fluid communication with the discharge chamber 60 via a venting conduit 116 (see FIG. 4) .
- venting needle 100 When a fluid stream is flowing through the housing 10 via the inlet 20 (i.e., when the vial 90 i ⁇ not in use), a small portion of the fluid stream may flow through the venting needle 100. This fluid will flow through the venting chamber 110 and the external venting conduit 116 back into the discharge chamber 60, where it will rejoin the primary fluid flow that reaches the discharge chamber 60 after flowing through the horizontal weir 50.
- the venting conduit 116 exits the housing 10 at the ventilation chamber 110 and re-enters the housing 10 at the discharge chamber 60. This allows the venting conduit 116 to be accessed for cleaning, when necessary.
- An alternative design is to rout the venting conduit 116 directly through the housing 10 between the venting chamber 110 and the discharge chamber 60, which provides a slimmer device profile and reduces the likelihood of the conduit being accidently severed.
- the known sample may be supplied to the analyzer through methods other than the above-described vial and needle combination.
- a Luer fitting could be placed on the fluid sample container to mate with another Luer fitting on conduit placed in fluid communication with the analyzer 82.
- the known sample could be forced from its container by a syringe type pump, that avoids the creation of a vacuum by simultaneously forcing fluid from the container and reducing the volume of the container.
- the known sample could be placed in a container similar to the vial 90 that has an opening on the end opposite its mouth, so air may be enter directly enter the container. This, however, may provide a less durable container than the described vial 90.
- the preferred embodiment that uses the vial 90 and venting and sampling needles 100 and 70 requires no moving parts, is reliable, and potentially allows reuse of the vial 90.
- the vi 90 may be removed from the housing 10 and the fluid stream may be resumed through the inlet 20.
- the same vial 90 or another similar vial may be used to again test and calibrate the analyzer 82.
- the sealed disposable tubes allow for known chemical samples to be supplied to the analyzer 82 as often as desired.
- the housing 10 is preferably manufactured of polysulfone. The temperature, corrosion resistance and low extractables nature of polysulfone allows use with a wide variety of fluids transported over a broad temperature range without contamination of the sample, and polysulfone may be easily molded and machined into the desired shape.
- polysulfone has the advantage of being at least semi-transparent, so that a user may observe the fluid flow through the housing 10 and take corrective action if any obstructions or other problems are detected.
- the small interior dimensions of the flow path in the preferred embodiment allows for quick analyzer response at flow rates as low as 10 ml/min or less. While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been described, it should be appreciated that many modifications could be made that would not significantly affect the invention's functionality. For example, the directions of the relative chambers could be altered with respect to one another, such as by gently curving from one to another. As another example, several chambers could potentially be combined, such as the ventilation chamber 110 and the discharge chamber 60.
- the analyzer 82 is connected to the housing 10, via the sampling conduit 80 attached to the sampling outlet 76, or, depending on the design of the analyzer 82, the analyzer 82 may be directly connected to the sampling outlet 76.
- the analyzer outlet 84 is attached to the discharge chamber 60 via the waste inlet 85 or, if it is desired to keep the analyzer 86 output effluent separated from the fluid flow stream, the analyzer 86 output may be separately disposed.
- the housing 10 is interposed into the fluid stream that is to be analyzed by connecting the fluid stream to the inlet 20. Fluid will then flow through the housing 10 through the sampling chamber 30, horizontal weir 50, discharge chamber 60, and the outlet 62.
- a portion of the fluid flowing through the sampling chamber will be directed through the sampling needle 70 to the analyzer 82, so that the contents of the fluid stream may be analyzed.
- the fluid stream may be maintained in this flow pattern for as long a period of time as is desired by a user. If the pressure of fluid flowing through the housing 10 exceeds a threshold value, some of the fluid may flow through the overflow outlet 64, thereby releasing the excess pressure.
- a drainage conduit or reservoir (not shown) may be attached to the overflow port 64 so that the fluid is contained in the event that the overflow port 64 is used.
- a sample of known concentration instead of the fluid stream may supplied to the analyzer 82.
- the housing 10 will be substantially drained of fluid through the discharge outlet 64.
- the housing cover 12 is then opened to expose the vial receptacle 40, and the vial 90 containing a known sample is inserted into the vial receptacle 40, with the mouth 92 of the vial inserted first until the vial cap 96 is seated on th bottom of the sampling chamber 30.
- the diaphragm 94 is twice punctured as it is inserted, first by the venting needle 100 and then by the sampling needle 70.
- some of the fluid contained in the vial 90 may leak through the venting needle to the discharge chamber 60. Because of the preferably small size of the venting needle inlet 102, this amount of fluid will be small and the leakage will be inconsequential.
- the fluid contained in the vial 90 is supplied to the analyzer 82 through the sampling needle 70.
- the venting needle 100 supplies air to the vial to replace the volume of fluid drained therefrom, so that flow of fluid from the vial 90 to the analyzer 80 is smooth.
- the vial 90 may be withdrawn from the sampling chamber 30.
- the user may retain the vial 90 for further use, or may discard the vial 90 and select a new equivalent vial for the next testing and calibrating phase.
- the housing cover 12 may be closed to seal the vial receptacle 40.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97926380A EP0897530B1 (en) | 1996-04-09 | 1997-04-08 | Device to alternately supply a fluid to an analyzer |
DE69702516T DE69702516T2 (en) | 1996-04-09 | 1997-04-08 | DEVICE FOR ALTERNATINGLY LOADING AN ANALYZER WITH A FLUID |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/629,609 | 1996-04-09 | ||
US08/629,609 US5837203A (en) | 1996-04-09 | 1996-04-09 | Device to alternately supply a fluid to an analyzer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997038295A1 true WO1997038295A1 (en) | 1997-10-16 |
Family
ID=24523720
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1997/006814 WO1997038295A1 (en) | 1996-04-09 | 1997-04-08 | Device to alternately supply a fluid to an analyzer |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (6) | US5837203A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0897530B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69702516T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997038295A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (69)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997008561A1 (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1997-03-06 | Radiometer Medical A/S | Automatic introduction of reference fluids in an apparatus for analysis of physiological fluids |
US5837203A (en) * | 1996-04-09 | 1998-11-17 | Sievers Instruments, Inc. | Device to alternately supply a fluid to an analyzer |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5976468A (en) | 1999-11-02 |
EP0897530A1 (en) | 1999-02-24 |
US20080031775A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
US7247498B2 (en) | 2007-07-24 |
US20030138970A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
EP0897530A4 (en) | 1999-05-19 |
US5837203A (en) | 1998-11-17 |
DE69702516T2 (en) | 2000-11-16 |
EP0897530B1 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
US6271043B1 (en) | 2001-08-07 |
US20040005719A2 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
DE69702516D1 (en) | 2000-08-17 |
US20020019058A1 (en) | 2002-02-14 |
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