WO1998039672A1 - Tracking data sheath - Google Patents

Tracking data sheath Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998039672A1
WO1998039672A1 PCT/IB1998/000522 IB9800522W WO9839672A1 WO 1998039672 A1 WO1998039672 A1 WO 1998039672A1 IB 9800522 W IB9800522 W IB 9800522W WO 9839672 A1 WO9839672 A1 WO 9839672A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheath
tracking
body member
tracking data
transducer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB1998/000522
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ivan Vesely
Original Assignee
Sonometrics Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sonometrics Corporation filed Critical Sonometrics Corporation
Priority to JP53831998A priority Critical patent/JP3494442B2/en
Priority to AT98909712T priority patent/ATE225043T1/en
Priority to DE69808255T priority patent/DE69808255T2/en
Priority to AU64169/98A priority patent/AU6416998A/en
Priority to EP98909712A priority patent/EP0965058B1/en
Publication of WO1998039672A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998039672A1/en

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Classifications

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/86—Combinations of sonar systems with lidar systems; Combinations of sonar systems with systems not using wave reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
    • G01S15/899—Combination of imaging systems with ancillary equipment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/52003—Techniques for enhancing spatial resolution of targets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
    • G01S7/52079—Constructional features

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a tracking device attachable
  • a surgical instrument and more particularly to a tracking device in the form of a
  • sheath attachable to a surgical instrument for tracking the position of same.
  • catheters, probes, needles, sensors and other instruments are introduced into a body
  • mapping and ablating catheters In most cases, such as in the use of mapping and ablating catheters,
  • an imaging head is inserted into
  • the position of the imaging head is not known, and orienting and
  • Patent No. 5,515,853 and incorporated herein by reference, can display the position
  • High frequency sound, or ultrasound is defined as
  • vibrational energy that ranges in frequency from 100 kHz to 10 MHz.
  • a sonomicrometer typically consists of a pair of piezoelectric
  • transducers i.e., one transducer acts as a transmitter while the other transducer acts as
  • the transducers are implanted into a medium, and connected to electronic
  • the transmitter is
  • the transmitter typically takes the form of a piezoelectric crystal that is
  • the envelope of the transmitter signal decays rapidly with time, usually
  • the receiver also typically takes the form of a piezoelectric crystal (with
  • vibration produces an electronic signal in the order of millivolts, that can be amplified
  • transducers are affixed to the patient at a fixed location, and provide external and/or
  • transducers is obtained many times per second, and then converted into x,y,z
  • transducers along its length to determine the position of the catheter relative to the
  • ultrasound imaging elements may be expensive and need to be sterilized and reused
  • ultrasonic transducers have a finite life span, and thus require periodic replacement.
  • sheath which is attachable to a surgical or diagnostic instrument to allow the position
  • the sheath is generally elastomeric or rigid, and may
  • instruments including catheters, probes, sensors, needles, and the like.
  • the invention may take physical form in certain parts and
  • Fig. 1 is a side perspective view of the tracking data sheath according
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view taking along lines 2-2 of Fig. 1;
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are side perspective views of a tracking data sheath
  • Fig. 5 is a side perspective view of a tracking data sheath according to
  • FIG. 1 shows a tracking data sheath 20 arranged on an instrument 10.
  • instrument 10 may take the form of various
  • Tracking data sheath 20 includes an elongated body portion 22 having
  • distal end 24 a proximal end 24 and a distal end 26.
  • distal end 26 a distal end
  • distal end 26 is closed. However, in many cases, distal end 26 will be open to enable diagnostic
  • Body portion 22 has an inner wall 28A and an outer wall 28B, as
  • Transducers 30 and conductors 32 are preferably cast, imbedded, or
  • Transducers 30 are preferably piezoelectric transducer
  • Conductors 32 preferably take the form
  • Conductors 32 connect transducers 30 to each other and with a
  • Conductors 32 are used to carry electrical
  • a receiver transducer when it receives a sound wave from a transmitter transducer.
  • firing refers to the action of energizing a
  • transducer to oscillate by sending a voltage spike or impulse function to the
  • Transducers 30 are preferably interconnected together in a plurality of "rings" within walls 28A and 28B to enable several individual transducers 30 to be
  • tracking signals are collectively referred to as tracking signals.
  • Connector 40 connects sheath 20 to a 3-D tracking and imaging
  • conductors 32 communicates electrical signals to and from
  • body portion 22 is
  • Body portion 22 is
  • sheath 20 will be elastic to enable body
  • portion 22 to easily fit over of instrument 10, and also to prevent any constraint on the
  • sheath 20 may have various lengths and
  • a temporary adhesive such as tape may be used to ensure
  • segment of sheath 20 containing transducers 30 does not slide up or down on
  • a tracking data sheath 20' is shown having an open distal end 26.
  • instrument 10 can remain active and unobstructed.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the fitting of tracking data sheath 20' to instrument
  • Sheath 20 is mounted to instrument 10 and unrolled over
  • sheath 20' may be rolled up along its longitudinal axis for
  • tracking data sheath 100 has an elongated
  • body portion 122 having a proximal end 124 and a distal end 126.
  • body portion 122 is a
  • Body portion 122 is generally rigid member, preferably formed of a plastic material.
  • body portion 122 is a generally rigid member, conductors 32
  • transducers 30 may take the form of a
  • Tracking data sheath 100 may be inserted into a bodily structure (e.g.,
  • an instrument e.g., ablation probe
  • sheath 100 facilitates positioning of
  • sheath can be slid upwards along the shaft of the instrument, and out of the
  • transducers can be suitably replaced by electromagnetic transducers. It is intended that all such modifications and alterations be included insofar as they come within the

Abstract

A tracking data sheath (20, 20', 100) arrangeable on a variety of different surgical instruments (e.g., catheters and probes) to provide the surgical instruments with 3-D tracking capability. The tracking data sheath (20, 20', 100) being generally elastomeric or rigid for convenient installation and removal, and having transducers (30) and conductors (32) embedded therein.

Description

TRACKING DATA SHEATH
Related Applications
The present application is a continuation-in-part (CIP) of co-pending
International Application No. PCT/CA96/00194 filed March 24, 1996, which is a
continuation-in-part (CIP) of U.S. Application Serial No. 08/411,959, filed March 28,
1995, now U.S. Patent No. 5,515,853. Both applications are incorporated herein by
reference.
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to a tracking device attachable
to a surgical instrument, and more particularly to a tracking device in the form of a
sheath attachable to a surgical instrument for tracking the position of same.
Background of the Invention
In medical procedures, such as catheterizations, intraluminal
intraoperative ultrasound, endoscopic procedures and laparoscopic procedures,
catheters, probes, needles, sensors and other instruments are introduced into a
patient's body. In most cases, such as in the use of mapping and ablating catheters,
these instruments are visualized inside the body using continuous fluoroscopy by
creating a shadow of the instrument as the physician manipulates the instrument
moving it within the body. In the case of intra operative ultrasound, transesophageal ultrasound, intraluminal and laparoscopic ultrasound, an imaging head is inserted into
the patient's body. The position of the imaging head is not known, and orienting and
localizing is done only based on the image that is being generated by the imaging
head. Some orienting, however, is possible from the length of the tube inserted into
the patient, and the radial orientation of the device. The local orientation and location
of the imaging head, however, are not typically available with existing systems.
An ultrasound based catheter guidance system as described in U.S.
Patent No. 5,515,853 and incorporated herein by reference, can display the position
and motion of catheters as a 3-D graphic. This system makes use of transit time
ultrasound to measure the distance between an array of ultrasonic transducers. Using
the time-of- flight principle of high frequency sound waves, it is possible to accurately
measure distances within an aqueous medium, such as inside the body of a living
being during a surgical procedure. High frequency sound, or ultrasound, is defined as
vibrational energy that ranges in frequency from 100 kHz to 10 MHz. The device
used to obtain three-dimensional measurements using sound waves is known as a
sonomicrometer. Typically, a sonomicrometer consists of a pair of piezoelectric
transducers, (i.e., one transducer acts as a transmitter while the other transducer acts as
a receiver). The transducers are implanted into a medium, and connected to electronic
circuitry. To measure the distance between the transducers, the transmitter is
electrically energized to produce ultrasound. The resulting sound wave then
propagates through the medium until it is detected by the receiver. The transmitter typically takes the form of a piezoelectric crystal that is
energized by a high voltage spike, or impulse function lasting under a microsecond.
This causes the piezoelectric crystal to oscillate at its own characteristic resonant
frequency. The envelope of the transmitter signal decays rapidly with time, usually
producing a train of six or more cycles that propagate away from the transmitter
through the aqueous medium. The sound energy also attenuates with every interface
that it encounters.
The receiver also typically takes the form of a piezoelectric crystal (with
similar characteristics to the transmitter piezoelectric crystal), that detects the sound
energy produced by the transmitter and begins to vibrate in response thereto. This
vibration produces an electronic signal in the order of millivolts, that can be amplified
by appropriate receiver circuitry.
The propagation velocity of ultrasound in an aqueous medium is well
documented. The distance traveled by a pulse of ultrasound can therefore be
measured simply by recording the time delay between the instant the sound is
transmitted and when it is received.
As indicated above, some of the transducers are mounted to the catheters (or
other instrument) inserted into the body, and other transducers (i.e. reference
transducers) are affixed to the patient at a fixed location, and provide external and/or
internal reference frames. A large matrix of distances between many combinations of
transducers is obtained many times per second, and then converted into x,y,z
coordinates for each transducer. The motion of the catheter fitted with such ultrasonic transducers can then be tracked in 3-D space, relative to the position of the external
and/or internal reference transducers.
Catheters themselves are typically polymeric tubes with some
diagnostic or therapeutic component incorporated into the distal segment of the
catheter. To convert a conventional catheter into one that can be tracked has involved
the remanufacture of the catheter such that it incorporates several ultrasonic
transducers along its length to determine the position of the catheter relative to the
reference transducers located elsewhere on or inside the patient. For low cost,
disposable instruments, such as catheters, such integration is often appropriate,
particularly, since the wires for interconnecting the transducers take up significant
space and need to be integrated into the body of the catheter in an efficient way.
Other instruments inserted into the body, such as those incorporating
ultrasound imaging elements, may be expensive and need to be sterilized and reused
many times. There is also a very large number of variations in instrument
configuration, particularly in those instruments that are used for laparoscopic surgery.
Accordingly, it may not be feasible to incorporate localization and tracking
transducers into all of these instruments during their manufacture. Moreover,
ultrasonic transducers have a finite life span, and thus require periodic replacement.
In view of the foregoing, it would be desirable if a whole range of instruments could
be retrofitted with the ultrasonic transducers in a manner that does not require
remanufacture, modification or permanent alteration thereof. The present invention overcomes these and other drawbacks of prior art
devices and provides a tracking data sheath for quickly and easily modifying an
instrument to include tracking capabilities.
Summary of the Invention
According to the present invention there is provided a tracking data
sheath which is attachable to a surgical or diagnostic instrument to allow the position
of the instrument to be tracked. The sheath is generally elastomeric or rigid, and may
be conveniently fitted to an instrument.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a tracking data sheath
, which is easily attachable to a variety of different types of diagnostic and surgical
instruments, including catheters, probes, sensors, needles, and the like.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a tracking data
sheath which is easily removable from the instrument for convenient replacement and
disposal.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a tracking
data sheath which may be pre-sterilized.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a tracking
data sheath which is easily fitted to a variety of instruments having various
dimensions.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a tracking
data sheath which is durable and can withstand considerable force. These and other objects will become apparent from the following
description of the preferred embodiment taken together with the accompanying
drawings and the appended claims.
Brief Description of the Drawings
The invention may take physical form in certain parts and
arrangements of parts, a preferred embodiment and method of which will be described
in detail in this specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings which
form a part hereof, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is a side perspective view of the tracking data sheath according
to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taking along lines 2-2 of Fig. 1; and,
Figs. 3 and 4 are side perspective views of a tracking data sheath
according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention; and
Fig. 5 is a side perspective view of a tracking data sheath according to
a second alternative embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings are for the
purposes of illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention only and not for
purposes of limiting same, Fig. 1 shows a tracking data sheath 20 arranged on an instrument 10. It should be noted that instrument 10 may take the form of various
type of instruments including catheters, ultrasound probes and endoscopes.
Tracking data sheath 20 includes an elongated body portion 22 having
a proximal end 24 and a distal end 26. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, distal end
26 is closed. However, in many cases, distal end 26 will be open to enable diagnostic
or therapeutic components located at the distal end of instrument 10 to remain active
and unobstructed.
Body portion 22 has an inner wall 28A and an outer wall 28B, as
shown in Fig. 2. Transducers 30 and conductors 32 are preferably cast, imbedded, or
laminated between walls 28 A and 28B. Accordingly, there is no remaining void
between wall 28A and 28B. Transducers 30 are preferably piezoelectric transducer
crystals consisting of PZT or PVDF material. Conductors 32 preferably take the form
of very thin and flexible wires that are cast, imbedded, or laminated into body portion
22 in a wavy or tortuous coiled fashion, so as to stretch with sheath 20 appropriately
during rolling, unrolling and other manipulations, as will be explained below.
Conductors 32 connect transducers 30 to each other and with a
connector 40 at the proximal end 24. Conductors 32 are used to carry electrical
signals for "firing" a transmitter transducer, and to carry electrical signals generated
by a receiver transducer when it receives a sound wave from a transmitter transducer.
It should be understood that the term "firing" refers to the action of energizing a
transducer to oscillate by sending a voltage spike or impulse function to the
transducer. Transducers 30 are preferably interconnected together in a plurality of "rings" within walls 28A and 28B to enable several individual transducers 30 to be
"fired" in unison as a ring. The electrical signals and sound waves described above
are collectively referred to as tracking signals.
Connector 40 connects sheath 20 to a 3-D tracking and imaging
system. Accordingly, conductors 32 communicates electrical signals to and from
transducers 30 and the 3-D tracking and imaging system.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, body portion 22 is
preferably constructed from an appropriate elastomeric material, to form a rubberized
polymeric tubular housing, resembling a sleeve or sock. Body portion 22 is
preferably as thin as possible to facilitate rolling off and unrolling onto instrument 10,
as will be explained below. Accordingly, sheath 20 will be elastic to enable body
portion 22 to easily fit over of instrument 10, and also to prevent any constraint on the
flexibility of instrument 10, if it is intended to flex.
It should be appreciated that sheath 20 may have various lengths and
diameters to facilitate use on a wide range of instrument configurations, while
maintaining sufficient tightness to prevent movement of transducers 30 relative to
instrument 10. In addition, a temporary adhesive such as tape may be used to ensure
that the segment of sheath 20 containing transducers 30 does not slide up or down on
instrument 10, thus compromising the 3-D registration of the position of instrument
10 relative to a tracking environment.
Turning now to Figs. 3 and 4, there is shown an alternative
embodiment of the present invention. In this respect, a tracking data sheath 20' is shown having an open distal end 26. The other elements of tracking data sheath 20'
are the same as tracking data sheath 20, shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Because distal end
26 is open, any diagnostic or therapeutic components located at the distal end of
instrument 10 can remain active and unobstructed.
Fig. 4 illustrates the fitting of tracking data sheath 20' to instrument
10. It should be noted that the following fitting procedure also applies to sheath 20
described above. Sheath 20 is mounted to instrument 10 and unrolled over
instrument 10. It should be noted that it may be desirable to supply sheath 20' pre-
sterilized. Accordingly, sheath 20' may be rolled up along its longitudinal axis for
convenient storage and to facilitate the insertion of instrument 10 into sheath 20', and
the unrolling of sheath 20' over the length of instrument 10.
Referring now to Fig. 5, there is shown another embodiment of the
present invention. In this embodiment, tracking data sheath 100 has an elongated
body portion 122 having a proximal end 124 and a distal end 126. In the embodiment
shown in Fig. 5, both ends 124 and 126 are open. Importantly, body portion 122 is a
generally rigid member, preferably formed of a plastic material. Body portion 122
has an inner surface 128A and an outer surface 128B. Transducers 30 and conductors
32 are preferably cast, embedded or laminated into body portion 122. It should be
appreciated that since body portion 122 is a generally rigid member, conductors 32
need not be arranged in a wavy or coiled fashion. A connector 40 located at the
proximal end 124 connects to a 3-D tracking and imaging system. It should be appreciated that transducers 30 may take the form of a
ring-shaped array of crystals (Fig. 5), or a segmented or unsegmented cylindrical
single crystal. This configuration enables ultrasound energy to radiate at a large angle
away from perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder, such that the crystal array
functions as a line source of ultrasound energy, or as a collection of point sources,
each radiating ultrasound energy in a fan substantially away from the plane of the
cylinder.
Tracking data sheath 100 may be inserted into a bodily structure (e.g.,
an organ) under 3-D tracking. Subsequently, an instrument (e.g., ablation probe) is
inserted inside of sheath 100. In this manner, sheath 100 facilitates positioning of
the instrument to the desired location, without the need to permanently attach a
tracking system to the instrument. After the instrument is located at the desired
position, sheath can be slid upwards along the shaft of the instrument, and out of the
way of the treatment area.
The foregoing is a description of the specific embodiment of the
present invention. It should be appreciated that this embodiment is described for
purposes of illustration only and that numerous alterations and modifications may be
practiced by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. For instance, while a preferred embodiment of the present invention has
been described with reference to a system using ultrasonic sound waves to determine
position, electromagnetic waves are suitable substitutes. Accordingly, the ultrasonic
transducers can be suitably replaced by electromagnetic transducers. It is intended that all such modifications and alterations be included insofar as they come within the
scope of the invention as claimed or the equivalents thereof.

Claims

Having thus described the invention, it is now claimed:
1. A tracking data sheath attachable to an instrument means
comprising:
an elongated body member having an outer portion and an
inner portion;
a plurality of transducer means for generating tracking signals,
the transducer means arranged between the outer and inner portions;
conductor means for communicating tracking signals to and
from the plurality of transducer means; and
connector means for connecting the tracking data sheath to a
tracking system, the connector means connected to said conductor means.
2. A tracking data sheath according to claim 1, wherein said
connector means is located external to said body member.
3. A tracking data sheath according to claim 1, wherein said
plurality of transducer means are arranged annularly about said elongated body
member.
4. A tracking data sheath according to claim 1, wherein said
plurality of transducer means are piezoelectric transducer crystals.
5. A tracking data sheath according to claim 1, wherein said
plurality of transducer means are electromagnetic transducers.
6. A tracking data sheath according to claim 1, wherein said body
member is formed of an elastomeric material.
7. A tracking data sheath according to claim 1 , wherein said body
member is formed of a rigid material.
8. A tracking data sheath according to claim 1, wherein said
plurality of transducer means are cast, imbedded, or laminated between said outer and
inner portions.
9. A tracking data sheath according to claim 1, wherein said
conductor means are wavy wires.
10. A tracking data sheath according to claim 1, wherein said
sheath further comprises:
adhesive means for adhering said body member to said
instrument means.
11. A method for configuring a surgical instrument with a position
tracking sheath including a generally elastomeric body member having at least one
open end, and position indicating means for indicating the position of the position
tracking sheath, the method comprising:
rolling the sheath along the longitudinal axis thereof into a
rolled-up position;
inserting the surgical instrument into the open end of the sheath
over the surgical instrument;
unrolling the sheath from the rolled-up position onto the
surgical instrument; and
connecting the position indicating means with a position
tracking system.
12. A method for configuring a surgical instrument with a position
tracking sheath according to claim 11, wherein said position indicating means include
a plurality of transducer means located in said elastomeric body member, the plurality
of transducer means fired individually by said position tracking system.
13. A method for configuring a surgical instrument with a position
tracking sheath according to claim 11 , wherein said position indicating means include
a plurality of transducer means located in said elastomeric body member, the pluality
of transducer means fired in unison by said position tracking system.
14. A method for configuring a surgical instrument with a position
tracking sheath including a generally rigid body member having at least one open
end, and position indicating means for indicating the position of the position tracking
sheath , the method comprising:
inserting the surgical instrument into the sheath ; and
connecting the position indicating means with a position tracking
system.
15. A method for configuring a surgical instrument with a position
tracking sheath according to claim 14, wherein said position indicating means include
a plurality of transducer means located on said body member, the plurality of
transducer means fired individually by said position tracking system.
16. A method for configuring a surgical instrument with a position
tracking sheath according to claim 14, wherein said position indicating means
includes a plurality of transducer means located on said body member, the plurality of
transducer means fired in unison by said position tracking system.
17. A tracking data sheath attachable to an instrument means
comprising:
an elongated body member; a plurality of transducer means for generating tracking signals;
conductor means for communicating tracking signals to and
from the plurality of transducer means; and
connector means for connecting the tracking data sheath to a
position tracking system.
18. A tracking data sheath according to claim 17, wherein said
body member is generally elastomeric.
19. A tracking data sheath according to claim 17, wherein said
body member is generally rigid.
PCT/IB1998/000522 1997-03-06 1998-03-06 Tracking data sheath WO1998039672A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP53831998A JP3494442B2 (en) 1997-03-06 1998-03-06 Tracking data generation sheath
AT98909712T ATE225043T1 (en) 1997-03-06 1998-03-06 ENCLOSURE FOR TRACKING DATA
DE69808255T DE69808255T2 (en) 1997-03-06 1998-03-06 Wrapping for tracking data
AU64169/98A AU6416998A (en) 1997-03-06 1998-03-06 Tracking data sheath
EP98909712A EP0965058B1 (en) 1997-03-06 1998-03-06 Tracking data sheath

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/812,249 US5830144A (en) 1995-03-28 1997-03-06 Tracking data sheath
US08/812,249 1997-03-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998039672A1 true WO1998039672A1 (en) 1998-09-11

Family

ID=25208998

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB1998/000522 WO1998039672A1 (en) 1997-03-06 1998-03-06 Tracking data sheath

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5830144A (en)
EP (1) EP0965058B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3494442B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE225043T1 (en)
AU (1) AU6416998A (en)
DE (1) DE69808255T2 (en)
WO (1) WO1998039672A1 (en)

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EP0965058B1 (en) 2002-09-25
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ATE225043T1 (en) 2002-10-15

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