WO1999044381A1 - Misbehaving mobile station identification system and method, and a mobile station for use therewith - Google Patents
Misbehaving mobile station identification system and method, and a mobile station for use therewith Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999044381A1 WO1999044381A1 PCT/SE1999/000183 SE9900183W WO9944381A1 WO 1999044381 A1 WO1999044381 A1 WO 1999044381A1 SE 9900183 W SE9900183 W SE 9900183W WO 9944381 A1 WO9944381 A1 WO 9944381A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mobile station
- misbehaving
- wireless communication
- communication system
- misbehavior
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless communications system which detects the misbehavior or improper functioning of a mobile station.
- the present invention also relates to a mobile station having a remotely activated shutdown mechanism for the purposes of remotely shutting the mobile station down when misbehavior is detected.
- the wireless system is taxed by having to manage the misbehaving mobile station which decreases the system's efficiency in providing reliable service to all subscribers.
- a misbehaving mobile station identification system in a wireless communication system, the identification system comprising error detection means for detecting, in wireless communication signals received from a mobile station, errors indicative of faulty operation of the mobile station and for generating error signals, and means for analyzing the error signals to determine whether the mobile station is misbehaving and to output a misbehaving identification signal identifying the mobile station as misbehaving if the mobile station is determined to be misbehaving.
- the identification system also comprises operator notification means for providing an operator at least periodically with a display of the identification.
- the system also comprises mobile station notification means for providing a subscriber using said mobile station with a message in response to said identification signal.
- FIG. 1 shows a high level schematic block diagram of a wireless communication system incorporating the misbehaving mobile station identification system in accordance with the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a more detailed block diagram of the misbehavior manager of Figure 1;
- Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a mobile station according to the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a flow diagram of a method for identifying a misbehaving mobile station in accordance with the present invention. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
- a mobile station may violate the standard it was designed for, as for example by performing a registration indiscriminately and not respecting the rules outlined in the standard. While this may mean that the mobile station fails registration and could be declared fraudulent, this is not necessarily the case, and it is presumed that a sufficient part of registration was done correctly to confirm with good probability that the mobile station is truly the mobile station identified, but that the mobile station is misbehaving.
- a mobile station may also fail repeatedly to perform according to an expected standard.
- the mobile station may exhibit a consistently high Bit Error Rate (BER)/ Frame Erasure Rate (FER), and additionally, in the case of wireless communications, the problem is found in more than one cell.
- BER Bit Error Rate
- FER Frame Erasure Rate
- failing to designate to a voice channel over a period of time, and failing to hand-off from voice channel to voice channel over a period of time are also examples of misbehavior, and additionally, in the case of cellular telephony, the misbehavior may be confirmed when found in more than one cell.
- Errors which over time suggest misbehavior may also include problems experienced during call setup (e.g. call drops), air interface problems (e.g. the frequency offset may be too large, and/or the power adjustment may not be working properly resulting in too weak or too strong signals from the mobile station), hand- off oscillations, registration problems, and radio communications quality problems over time (e.g. low Signal Strength (SS) and speech problems in addition to high BER and FER).
- SS Signal Strength
- the wireless communication system is a cellular wireless system 10 as those known in the art.
- the basic components of the system are illustrated in Figure 1, in which there is shown a mobile station (MS) 12, a base station (BS) 15, a mobile switching center (MSC) 16, and an operator station 18.
- MS mobile station
- BS base station
- MSC mobile switching center
- an operator station 18 there is a misbehavior manager 20 associated with BS 15, MSC 16 and operator station 18.
- the misbehavior manager can be an independent node added to the wireless communication system 10, may be integrated into one of the existing nodes, such as for example the MSC 16 or the operator station 18, or can be partially integrated in a group of nodes while keeping an independent portion.
- the misbehavior manager 20 has two main modules: an error detection module 23 and an analyzing module 26.
- the error detection module 23 and the analyzing module 26 may consist of hardware or software, depending on the preferred implementation. More particularly, the error detection module 23 detects, from signals received from the mobile station 12, errors indicative of faulty operation of the mobile station, and generates error signals accordingly. For doing so, the error detection module 23 has, as shown for exemplary purposes, two data collectors 21 and 22. As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the range of data collectors used may vary from one to several, depending on the degree of mobile station misbehavior identification which wants to be detected.
- the data collector 22 collects data signals from the BS 15 and similarly data signals from the MSC 16 are collected by data collector 21.
- data collector 22 may collect data on the air interface and radio quality such as BER/FER.
- the data collectors 21 and 22 generate, from the data signals received, error signals.
- the analyzing module 26 receives and analyzes the error signals to determine whether the mobile station under consideration is misbehaving and to output a misbehaving identification signal which identifies the mobile station as misbehaving.
- the analyzing module 26 has a data correlator/ compilor 24, an event database 25 and a misbehavior handler 28.
- the data correlator/compiler 24 analyzes
- misbehavior event records are recorded in the event database 25.
- the misbehavior handler 28 reads the misbehavior event records in the event database 25.
- the misbehavior handler 28 responds. For responding, the misbehavior handler 28 has a module for sending a shutdown command (not shown) and/or a mobile station notification module (not shown).
- the response to misbehavior either involves sending a direct and immediate shutdown command message to the mobile station 12 by the module for sending a shutdown command, through the MSC 16 and BS 15, or sending a notification message either directly to the subscriber using the misbehaving mobile station by use of an SMS message for example, or to an operator 18 through the use of the mobile station notification module, thus providing periodical display of the misbehaving identification signal to the operator.
- the operator may choose to contact the subscriber using the misbehaving mobile station 12 to investigate a reason for the misbehavior or to recommend bringing the mobile station in to an authorized dealer or maintenance service provider.
- the operator 18 may be in part or wholly automated, thus involving sending text or voice messages to the mobile station 12 warning that misbehavior has been detected and that service is recommended.
- a human operator may intervene, possibly in response to a keypad initiated request by the subscriber, to provide advice on where to seek service. This is particularly useful when the subscriber is traveling in an unfamiliar city.
- the notification message is sent directly to the mobile station, it may also include a misbehavior warning display command, to inform the subscriber of the misbehaving mobile station that the latter is malfunctioning. Since a misbehaving mobile station 12 is still functional, a grace period may be allowed before shutting down the mobile station. The grace period allows the subscriber to bring in the mobile station for repairs or have the mobile station
- a grace period is preferably not allowed, and the mobile station is simply shut down by sending a shutdown command message to the mobile station 12 by the module for sending a shutdown command.
- a mobile station 12 may be shut down either by denying it access to the wireless communication network 10 or by including in the mobile station 12 a shutdowncontroller for disabling the mobile station 12 and preventing it from attempting to communicate with the wireless communication system. If a mobile station 12 has started to malfunction with respect to its power adjustment such that its signal strength is too high, it is advantageous to shutdown the mobile station immediately and prevent it from attempting communication.
- a mobile station 12 has a wireless communications module 30, a keypad 32 and a display 34.
- the wireless communications module 30 may consist for example, of a transmitter, an antenna and all other necessary components and software to allow the mobile station to communicate with the wireless communication system.
- the display 34 may have both an Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)as well as Light Eemitting Diode (LED) for indicating basic operational states of the mobile station 12.
- a shutdown controller 36 is included and connected with the wireless communications module
- the shutdown controller responds to a shutdown command received from the MSC 16 through the BS 15 via the wireless communications module 30.
- the shutdown command is acted on by signaling the wireless communication module 30 to shutdown and by causing a service request message to be displayed on display 34.
- the message may be a text message such as "Mobile station misbehaving - Please bring to nearest authorized dealer for repair". Alternatively, a LED labeled on the mobile station housing with a "Service required" label may be caused to flash. The mobile station then becomes non-functional.
- the shutdown controller 36 also responds to a misbehavior warning signal received through the wireless communications module 30 from the MSC 16 which causes the display 34 to provide a warning message on display 34 without shutting down the mobile station 12. This warning message may be sent using the Short Message Services (SMS) facility of the IS-136 Interface Standard for example.
- SMS Short Message Services
- the shutdown controller 36 includes a non-volatile memory so that the shutdown state of the mobile station is not defeatable by merely disconnecting the mobile station's battery.
- the non- volatile memory in the preferred embodiment, the non- volatile memory
- FIG. 4 there is shown a flow diagram of a method for identifying a misbehaving mobile station in accordance with the present invention.
- the method starts with a step of gathering and storing 40 information about a functional quality of a mobile station in the wireless communications system 10.
- the functional quality may consist of BER/FER, errors, non- respect of standards, etc.
- step 42 a determination is made as to whether from the information gathered and stored at step 40, one or several errors indicative of faulty operation of the mobile station have been detected, and if so, one or several error signals are generated. If a determination is made at step 42 that no error is detected, the method goes back to step 40.
- step 44 an analysis is performed on the error signal(s) generated in step 42 to determine whether the mobile station is misbehaving, and if the mobile is misbehaving, it is then identified as misbehaving. If in step 44 the mobile station has been identified as misbehaving, the method follows to step 46 where the mobile station is shut down. If the mobile station is not identified as misbehaving, the method goes back to step 40.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002322225A CA2322225A1 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-02-12 | Misbehaving mobile station identification system and method, and a mobile station for use therewith |
AU27515/99A AU2751599A (en) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-02-12 | Misbehaving mobile station identification system and method, and a mobile station for use therewith |
DE19982978T DE19982978T1 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-02-12 | Identification system and method for an improperly behaving mobile station and mobile station for use therewith |
GB0023591A GB2352591A (en) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-02-12 | Misbehaving mobile station identification system and method,and a mobile station for use therewith |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/031,783 | 1998-02-27 | ||
US09/031,783 US6223032B1 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 1998-02-27 | Misbehaving mobile station identification system and method, and a mobile station for use therewith |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999044381A1 true WO1999044381A1 (en) | 1999-09-02 |
Family
ID=21861370
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE1999/000183 WO1999044381A1 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-02-12 | Misbehaving mobile station identification system and method, and a mobile station for use therewith |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6223032B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1298612A (en) |
AR (1) | AR018124A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2751599A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2322225A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19982978T1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2352591A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999044381A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002001899A1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-03 | Nortel Networks Limited | Cellular radiocommunication system with means for locating faulty terminals |
GB2366960A (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2002-03-20 | Nec Corp | System for monitoring a CDMA mobile terminal and CDMA base station |
EP1263249A1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-12-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and station for error management for software based radio stations by radio protocols analysis |
KR20030003101A (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-09 | 닛본 덴기 가부시끼가이샤 | Cdma system and method of detecting faulty mobile device |
EP3780690A4 (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2022-02-09 | Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Company Limited | Device behavior detection method, blocking processing method, medium and electronic device |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2270299A (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2000-06-26 | Nokia Networks Oy | Troubleshooting method and apparatus |
US6587686B1 (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2003-07-01 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Method and apparatus for detecting base station transceivers malfunctions |
JP3976461B2 (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2007-09-19 | Necインフロンティア株式会社 | Method for monitoring failure of portable wireless terminal in merchandise management system and storage medium recording program for executing the method |
DE10003534A1 (en) * | 2000-01-27 | 2001-08-16 | Ebbecke Reinhard | One-way container for self-heating or -cooling of liquids or solid materials has upper component rotatable with respect to lower component by thread and foil can be destroyed by this rotary movement |
GB2367721B (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2004-03-03 | Motorola Inc | Network management system and method of management control in a communication system |
US20020076060A1 (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2002-06-20 | Hall Ronald W. | Programmable headset and programming apparatus and method |
JP2003037599A (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2003-02-07 | Allied Tereshisu Kk | Device and method for network management, communication device, and network system |
US8977284B2 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2015-03-10 | Traxcell Technologies, LLC | Machine for providing a dynamic data base of geographic location information for a plurality of wireless devices and process for making same |
US20040162066A1 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2004-08-19 | Ravi Kuchibhotla | Isolation and remediation of a communication device |
US6993292B2 (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2006-01-31 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Self-monitoring radio network |
US7120388B2 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2006-10-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Wireless intercom system and method of communicating using wireless intercom system |
US8190145B2 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2012-05-29 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for mobile station-assisted optimization of a wireless network |
EP1741306B1 (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2013-07-24 | TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (publ) | Validation of mobile stations in unlicensed radio access networks |
US20060064310A1 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-03-23 | Crystal Image Artwurks Corp. | Tattoo studio control and management system |
US7873357B2 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2011-01-18 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Selective disablement of mobile communication equipment capabilities |
GB2421149A (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2006-06-14 | Vodafone Ltd | Maintaining a level of performance in a mobile telecommunications system |
US7522915B2 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2009-04-21 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus to facilitate alternative modes of operation for a portable communication device |
US20060223446A1 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-05 | Francis Dominique | Methods of detecting mobile stations not following power control commands |
US9014705B2 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2015-04-21 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | In-vehicle pico-cell system and method therefor |
US8977275B2 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2015-03-10 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | In-vehicle pico-cell system and methods therefor |
US20080043726A1 (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2008-02-21 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Selective Control of User Equipment Capabilities |
US8683034B2 (en) * | 2007-10-02 | 2014-03-25 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Systems, methods and computer program products for coordinated session termination in an IMS network |
US8213871B1 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2012-07-03 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Data management tool |
US8195144B2 (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2012-06-05 | General Motors Llc | Method for resetting a non-responsive mobile unit then-currently occupying a cellular traffic channel of a wireless network |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5706333A (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1998-01-06 | Teradyne, Inc. | Method and apparatus for analyzing cellular telephone network |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU636374B2 (en) | 1989-08-07 | 1993-04-29 | Nec Corporation | Mobile telephone system having message recording mode of operation during failures |
GB9022347D0 (en) * | 1990-10-15 | 1990-11-28 | Smith Myer Communications Limi | System monitoring |
SE469736B (en) | 1992-02-05 | 1993-08-30 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | ERROR MANAGEMENT IN RADIOL COUPLES |
US5425076A (en) | 1992-06-30 | 1995-06-13 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Cellular communications test system |
US5457737A (en) | 1993-12-28 | 1995-10-10 | At&T Corp. | Methods and apparatus to verify the identity of a cellular mobile phone |
FI97669C (en) * | 1994-01-14 | 1997-01-27 | Nokia Telecommunications Oy | A method of monitoring a subscriber device function as well as a subscriber network element |
US5812636A (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 1998-09-22 | Northern Telecom Limited | System and method for faulty mobile unit isolation |
US5839058A (en) | 1996-11-01 | 1998-11-17 | Ericsson Inc. | Recyclable cellular telephone and method and apparatus for supporting the use of a recyclable cellular telephone within a cellular telephone network |
US5933776A (en) * | 1997-07-07 | 1999-08-03 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Method and apparatus for field testing cellular telephones |
-
1998
- 1998-02-27 US US09/031,783 patent/US6223032B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-02-12 CN CN99805569A patent/CN1298612A/en active Pending
- 1999-02-12 GB GB0023591A patent/GB2352591A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-02-12 CA CA002322225A patent/CA2322225A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-02-12 DE DE19982978T patent/DE19982978T1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-02-12 WO PCT/SE1999/000183 patent/WO1999044381A1/en active Application Filing
- 1999-02-12 AU AU27515/99A patent/AU2751599A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-02-26 AR ARP990100841A patent/AR018124A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5706333A (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1998-01-06 | Teradyne, Inc. | Method and apparatus for analyzing cellular telephone network |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
KALL J ET AL: "MAINTENANCE INFORMATION IN THE GSM SYSTEM", INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIGITAL LAND MOBILE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS, 30 June 1987 (1987-06-30), pages 497 - 506, XP002011123 * |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2366960A (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2002-03-20 | Nec Corp | System for monitoring a CDMA mobile terminal and CDMA base station |
GB2366960B (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2003-03-12 | Nec Corp | System for monitoring a network through a CDMA-type mobile terminal device and method of doing the same |
US7061889B2 (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2006-06-13 | Nec Corporation | System for monitoring CDMA-type mobile terminal and method of doing the same |
WO2002001899A1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-03 | Nortel Networks Limited | Cellular radiocommunication system with means for locating faulty terminals |
FR2811191A1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-04 | Nortel Matra Cellular | CELLULAR RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH LOCATION OF FAULTY TERMINALS |
EP1263249A1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-12-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and station for error management for software based radio stations by radio protocols analysis |
KR20030003101A (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-09 | 닛본 덴기 가부시끼가이샤 | Cdma system and method of detecting faulty mobile device |
EP3780690A4 (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2022-02-09 | Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Company Limited | Device behavior detection method, blocking processing method, medium and electronic device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AR018124A1 (en) | 2001-10-31 |
GB2352591A (en) | 2001-01-31 |
CA2322225A1 (en) | 1999-09-02 |
GB0023591D0 (en) | 2000-11-08 |
US6223032B1 (en) | 2001-04-24 |
DE19982978T1 (en) | 2001-03-29 |
AU2751599A (en) | 1999-09-15 |
CN1298612A (en) | 2001-06-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6223032B1 (en) | Misbehaving mobile station identification system and method, and a mobile station for use therewith | |
US8055195B2 (en) | Cellular radio communicator and method for configuring the same | |
RU2196392C2 (en) | Fixed wireless terminals in method and equipment for network control | |
CN101208977B (en) | Evaluation of random access lead code | |
JP3183623B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for testing wireless module of base station in wireless communication network | |
CN101800675B (en) | Failure monitoring method, monitoring equipment and communication system | |
US8085677B2 (en) | Remote testing and monitoring to a cell site in a cellular communication network | |
WO2005104515A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for controlling and monitoring electrical power consumption | |
CN101183901A (en) | Method of implementing transmission equipment power-off alarm and alarm recovery | |
US9449502B2 (en) | Telemeter system, vending machine, and method for terminal device | |
US20230389103A1 (en) | An automatic reading system and a method for installing a plurality of battery-powered stationary measuring devices at a plurality of distributed installation locations | |
AU2003219248B2 (en) | Method for monitoring a parking lot with parking meters and corresponding parking meters | |
JP4490004B2 (en) | Remote monitoring control system for base station equipment | |
JPH11112414A (en) | Maintenance management system for base station for mobile communication | |
KR100307305B1 (en) | Monitoring system of the repeater and method thereof | |
JPH08237188A (en) | Communication system and communication method | |
KR20000000365A (en) | Apparatus monitoring Repeater and Method therefor | |
WO2008138256A1 (en) | Method for providing abnormal information, network self-diagnosis method, terminal and communication network | |
KR100497298B1 (en) | Method And System Of Detecting Inferior Terminal In The Mobile Communication System | |
KR20010090385A (en) | Remote control device using cellular phone and information_providing method using thereof | |
KR100259844B1 (en) | A method for time setting bsms to ct-2 bs, and fault reporting method for rtc failure at bs | |
KR20070024221A (en) | Apparatus and method for checking error and recovering in switching system | |
JPH10285292A (en) | Centralized transmission board for automatic meter reading | |
JPH07154494A (en) | Terminal equipment | |
JP2000330770A (en) | Monitoring device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 99805569.7 Country of ref document: CN |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG UZ VN YU ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2322225 Country of ref document: CA Ref document number: 2322225 Country of ref document: CA Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: KR |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 200023591 Country of ref document: GB Kind code of ref document: A |
|
RET | De translation (de og part 6b) |
Ref document number: 19982978 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20010329 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 19982978 Country of ref document: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |