WO1999061136A1 - Process for treating flue gas - Google Patents
Process for treating flue gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999061136A1 WO1999061136A1 PCT/IT1999/000135 IT9900135W WO9961136A1 WO 1999061136 A1 WO1999061136 A1 WO 1999061136A1 IT 9900135 W IT9900135 W IT 9900135W WO 9961136 A1 WO9961136 A1 WO 9961136A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- urea
- solution
- ammonia
- flue gas
- accordance
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/08—Preparation of ammonia from nitrogenous organic substances
- C01C1/086—Preparation of ammonia from nitrogenous organic substances from urea
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
Definitions
- This invention refers to a process for treating flue gases and, more specifically, to a process for purifying (conditioning) such flue gases by ammonia addition. More particularly, this invention relates to a process for flue gas treatment by ammonia addition, whereby the ammonia is derived from hydrolysis of urea. Description of prior art
- Ammonia gas is injected into the flue gas stream to be treated by vapor obtained by stripping of the ammonia contained in an ammonia aqueous solution in which the ammonia concentration is roughly 30% by weight.
- the ammonia aqueous solution has to be transported from the production plant to the user plant, stored, sent to stripping plant to yield the desired ammonia, then the ammonia containing residual water has to be neutralized before its disposal.
- Ammonia solutions are presently classified as toxic materials. Consequently, certain specific rules have to be followed for its handling, due to the high volatility and pollution level of ammonia.
- urea has been used to generate ammonia without the formation of any undesired by-product.
- Use of urea as conditioning agent of flue gases solved the problem connected with highly toxic material handling and storage; however, to obtain fine particles of solid urea and uniformly inject it into a flue gas stream still presents substantial problems.
- Such hydrolysis products are obtained by heating a urea solution.
- the overall hydrolysis products namely ammonium carbonate, ammonium carbamate, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia are used for NO x reduction.
- the simple heating of a concentrated urea solution does not allow to reach a satisfactory amount of hydrolysis products.
- the above Patent disclosed the use of a basic or acidic environment or addition of a catalyst.
- catalyst or acidic or basic products may lead to some problems due to the presence of said material both in the hydrolysis section and NO x reduction section.
- This process employes a diluted urea solution and a source of a pressurized
- a process for flue gas conditioning in which urea is dissolved in water to obtain a concentrated urea solution and the dissolved urea is hydrolyzed by heating the concentrated urea solution under pressure, yielding hydrolysis products of ammonia and carbon dioxide.
- the hydrolysis products are stripped from the solution using hot steam and injected into the flue gas stream while hydrolysis solution coming out of the stripping section, still containing some urea is reused in addition to fresh water, to dissolve fresh urea to be fed to the plant.
- Urea solution to be hydrolyzed contains in the range of about 10% to 70% urea by weight.
- the urea hydrolysis is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range of about 100 to 233°C and a pressure in the range of about 0.1 x 10 3 KPa to 3.0 x 10 3 KPa.
- the hydrolysis solution, after stripping of the gaseous hydrolysis products still contains about 1% to 5% by weight of unhydrolyzed urea.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process in accordance with one embodiment of this invention.
- urea in form of prills or crystals, is introduced into hopper 1 having a sufficient capacity for at least one day of continuous hydrolyze operations.
- Urea through roll-type feeder 3, is introduced into dissolve 4 where a urea solution of a concentration of about 40% is formed using water condensate from plant battery limits and/or exhausted condensate recycle, which is also introduced into dissolver 4.
- dissolver 4 a urea solution of a concentration of about 40% is formed using water condensate from plant battery limits and/or exhausted condensate recycle, which is also introduced into dissolver 4.
- Slide valve 2 may be provided at the outlet of hopper 1, if necessary.
- hydrolyzer operating conditions are as follows: Pressure 1.9 x l0 3 KPa
- urea concentration in the feedstock decreases to about l%-5% by weight in the hydrolyzed solution.
- Ammonia generated during the hydrolysis process is stripped out from the water solution by means of a defined amount of steam coming from battery limits and injected into bottom of hydrolyzer 8.
- Hydrolysis products comprising water-saturated ammonia and carbon dioxide are conveyed to reaction zone through line 10. Water is expanded through valve 11 and sent to separator 9, operating at atmospheric pressure, and then recycled to the dissolver 4.
- Napors derived mainly from ammonia and water expansion through line 12 are added to the hydrolysis vapors in order to avoid any environmental pollution. Water from separator 9 is recycled through line 13 to the dissolver 4 at a temperature of about 100°C so that, after having supplied urea with the heat of solution, a solution is obtained at a temperature of about 40°C.
- Direct steam flow to hydrolyzer 8 required to maintain a constant hydrolysis temperature and to strip reaction products is about 155kg/h.
- the result of the process of this invention is that the plant requires only storage facilities for urea, the most used nitrogen fertilizer, which is not subject to any strict regulation and therefore it does not require any special handling care.
- Other major advantages of the present invention are: safety plant operations, absence of any storage by operating personnel of dangerous substances, absence of any polluting material, and investment cost reduction compared with the use of ammonia solutions according to the prior art.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69906291T DE69906291D1 (en) | 1998-05-25 | 1999-05-14 | METHOD FOR TREATING SMOKE GAS |
PL99344405A PL194720B1 (en) | 1998-05-25 | 1999-05-14 | Process for treating flue gas |
AU38481/99A AU755072B2 (en) | 1998-05-25 | 1999-05-14 | Process for treating flue gas |
AT99921144T ATE235300T1 (en) | 1998-05-25 | 1999-05-14 | METHOD FOR FLUE GAS TREATMENT |
EP99921144A EP1089804B1 (en) | 1998-05-25 | 1999-05-14 | Process for treating flue gas |
JP2000550584A JP2002516169A (en) | 1998-05-25 | 1999-05-14 | How to treat flue gas |
CA002331268A CA2331268C (en) | 1998-05-25 | 1999-05-14 | Process for treating flue gas |
HK01108571A HK1037986A1 (en) | 1998-05-25 | 2001-12-06 | Process for treating flue gas. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT98MI001155A ITMI981155A1 (en) | 1998-05-25 | 1998-05-25 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AMMONIA BY HYDROLYSIS OF THE UREA |
ITMI98A001155 | 1998-05-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999061136A1 true WO1999061136A1 (en) | 1999-12-02 |
Family
ID=11380095
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IT1999/000135 WO1999061136A1 (en) | 1998-05-25 | 1999-05-14 | Process for treating flue gas |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5985224A (en) |
EP (1) | EP1089804B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002516169A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100580930B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1168527C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE235300T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU755072B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2331268C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ294281B6 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69906291D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2196805T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1037986A1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITMI981155A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL194720B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2193442C2 (en) |
TR (1) | TR200003469T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999061136A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6511644B1 (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2003-01-28 | The Chemithon Corporation | Method for removing contaminants in reactors |
US6761868B2 (en) | 2001-05-16 | 2004-07-13 | The Chemithon Corporation | Process for quantitatively converting urea to ammonia on demand |
US6887449B2 (en) | 2002-11-21 | 2005-05-03 | The Chemithon Corporation | Method of quantitatively producing ammonia from urea |
US7153693B2 (en) | 2002-02-22 | 2006-12-26 | Toyo Engineering Corporation | Method and apparatus for determining urea concentration |
WO2009029529A2 (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-03-05 | Powerspan Corp. | Method and apparatus for producing ammonium carbonate from urea |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5985222A (en) | 1996-11-01 | 1999-11-16 | Noxtech, Inc. | Apparatus and method for reducing NOx from exhaust gases produced by industrial processes |
US6077491A (en) | 1997-03-21 | 2000-06-20 | Ec&C Technologies | Methods for the production of ammonia from urea and/or biuret, and uses for NOx and/or particulate matter removal |
US6093380A (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2000-07-25 | Siirtec Nigi, S.P.A. | Method and apparatus for pollution control in exhaust gas streams from fossil fuel burning facilities |
US6436359B1 (en) | 2000-10-25 | 2002-08-20 | Ec&C Technologies, Inc. | Method for controlling the production of ammonia from urea for NOx scrubbing |
US7615200B2 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2009-11-10 | Fuel Tech, Inc. | Selective catalytic reduction of NOx enabled by urea decomposition in heat-exchanger bypass |
JP2004514828A (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2004-05-20 | フューエル テック インコーポレーテッド | Selective catalytic reduction of NOx enabled by side-stream urea decomposition |
US7829033B2 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2010-11-09 | Fuel Tech, Inc. | Selective catalytic reduction of NOx enabled by sidestream urea decomposition |
US7140187B2 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2006-11-28 | Amendola Steven C | Urea based composition and system for same |
US20030211024A1 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2003-11-13 | Wojichowski David Lee | Methods of converting urea to ammonia for SCR, SNCR and flue gas conditioning |
EP1533018A1 (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2005-05-25 | Urea Casale S.A. | Method for the treatment of combustion flue gas |
CN101583412A (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2009-11-18 | 巴布科克能源公司 | Thermal decomposition of urea in a side stream of combustion flue gas using a regenerative heat exchanger |
US20080267837A1 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-10-30 | Phelps Calvin E | Conversion of urea to reactants for NOx reduction |
CN100588613C (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2010-02-10 | 中电投远达环保工程有限公司 | Technique for preparing ammonia from urea by pyrolysis method |
US20090148370A1 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2009-06-11 | Spencer Iii Herbert W | Process to produce ammonia from urea |
SE532906C2 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2010-05-04 | Scania Cv Abp | Hydrolysis catalyst with greater channel cross-section in the peripheral part than in the central part and methods for hydrolysis of a urea |
DE102009005677A1 (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2010-08-05 | Kruse Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process and apparatus for producing high-purity urea solution |
US9428449B2 (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2016-08-30 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Method of forming urea by integration of an ammonia production process in a urea production process and a system therefor |
US9586831B2 (en) | 2014-06-09 | 2017-03-07 | Wahlco, Inc. | Urea to ammonia process |
CN104192862B (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2016-05-11 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | A kind of hydrolysis of urea ammonia method and apparatus processed that utilizes boiler gas |
CN104474892A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-01 | 邹英奎 | Production method of denitrification powder |
CN105116719B (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-08-25 | 中国华能集团公司 | Hydrolysis of urea reactor control system and method based on heat feed-forward signal |
CN105921014A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-07 | 南宁市夏阳化工科技有限责任公司 | Preparing method for urea solution used for vehicles |
CN113401921B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2024-03-22 | 许昌龙岗发电有限责任公司 | Urea hydrolysis ammonia production system and control method thereof |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992002291A1 (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1992-02-20 | Nalco Fuel Tech Gmbh | Process for the in-line hydrolysis of urea |
US5279108A (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1994-01-18 | Union Oil Company Of California | System for reduction of NOx in jet engine exhaust |
WO1994013391A1 (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 1994-06-23 | Nalco Fuel Tech | Process for improving the performance of an electrostatic precipitator |
WO1998042623A1 (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-10-01 | Ec&C Technologies | Methods for the production of ammonia from urea and uses thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4087513A (en) * | 1977-08-12 | 1978-05-02 | Olin Corporation | Method of hydrolyzing urea contained in waste water streams |
NL8100989A (en) * | 1981-02-28 | 1982-09-16 | Unie Van Kunstmestfab Bv | METHOD FOR REMOVING UREA, AMMONIA AND CARBON DIOXIDE FROM DILUTED AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. |
JPH02191528A (en) * | 1989-01-20 | 1990-07-27 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Denitrification device with solid reducing agent utilized therefor |
JP3100191B2 (en) * | 1991-09-02 | 2000-10-16 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Flue gas denitration equipment |
JP3638638B2 (en) * | 1994-08-24 | 2005-04-13 | バブコック日立株式会社 | Denitration equipment using solid reducing agent |
-
1998
- 1998-05-25 IT IT98MI001155A patent/ITMI981155A1/en unknown
- 1998-09-24 US US09/160,429 patent/US5985224A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-05-14 TR TR2000/03469T patent/TR200003469T2/en unknown
- 1999-05-14 AU AU38481/99A patent/AU755072B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-05-14 KR KR1020007013107A patent/KR100580930B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-14 CZ CZ20004394A patent/CZ294281B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-14 WO PCT/IT1999/000135 patent/WO1999061136A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-05-14 CN CNB998065722A patent/CN1168527C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-05-14 DE DE69906291T patent/DE69906291D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-14 AT AT99921144T patent/ATE235300T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-14 RU RU2000132737/12A patent/RU2193442C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-14 EP EP99921144A patent/EP1089804B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-14 CA CA002331268A patent/CA2331268C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-05-14 PL PL99344405A patent/PL194720B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-14 JP JP2000550584A patent/JP2002516169A/en active Pending
- 1999-05-14 ES ES99921144T patent/ES2196805T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-12-06 HK HK01108571A patent/HK1037986A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992002291A1 (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1992-02-20 | Nalco Fuel Tech Gmbh | Process for the in-line hydrolysis of urea |
US5279108A (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1994-01-18 | Union Oil Company Of California | System for reduction of NOx in jet engine exhaust |
WO1994013391A1 (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 1994-06-23 | Nalco Fuel Tech | Process for improving the performance of an electrostatic precipitator |
WO1998042623A1 (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-10-01 | Ec&C Technologies | Methods for the production of ammonia from urea and uses thereof |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6511644B1 (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2003-01-28 | The Chemithon Corporation | Method for removing contaminants in reactors |
US6761868B2 (en) | 2001-05-16 | 2004-07-13 | The Chemithon Corporation | Process for quantitatively converting urea to ammonia on demand |
US7008603B2 (en) | 2001-05-16 | 2006-03-07 | The Chemithon Corporation | Process and apparatus for quantitatively converting urea to ammonia on demand |
US7153693B2 (en) | 2002-02-22 | 2006-12-26 | Toyo Engineering Corporation | Method and apparatus for determining urea concentration |
US6887449B2 (en) | 2002-11-21 | 2005-05-03 | The Chemithon Corporation | Method of quantitatively producing ammonia from urea |
WO2009029529A2 (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-03-05 | Powerspan Corp. | Method and apparatus for producing ammonium carbonate from urea |
WO2009029529A3 (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-07-23 | Powerspan Corp | Method and apparatus for producing ammonium carbonate from urea |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CZ294281B6 (en) | 2004-11-10 |
PL344405A1 (en) | 2001-11-05 |
AU755072B2 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
AU3848199A (en) | 1999-12-13 |
ITMI981155A1 (en) | 1999-11-25 |
US5985224A (en) | 1999-11-16 |
EP1089804B1 (en) | 2003-03-26 |
RU2193442C2 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
CA2331268C (en) | 2005-01-11 |
KR20010043750A (en) | 2001-05-25 |
KR100580930B1 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
PL194720B1 (en) | 2007-06-29 |
CZ20004394A3 (en) | 2001-05-16 |
ES2196805T3 (en) | 2003-12-16 |
ATE235300T1 (en) | 2003-04-15 |
HK1037986A1 (en) | 2002-03-01 |
EP1089804A1 (en) | 2001-04-11 |
TR200003469T2 (en) | 2001-04-20 |
DE69906291D1 (en) | 2003-04-30 |
CN1168527C (en) | 2004-09-29 |
CN1303315A (en) | 2001-07-11 |
CA2331268A1 (en) | 1999-12-02 |
JP2002516169A (en) | 2002-06-04 |
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