WO2000016286A1 - Radio frequency identification tag apparatus and related method - Google Patents
Radio frequency identification tag apparatus and related method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000016286A1 WO2000016286A1 PCT/US1999/020309 US9920309W WO0016286A1 WO 2000016286 A1 WO2000016286 A1 WO 2000016286A1 US 9920309 W US9920309 W US 9920309W WO 0016286 A1 WO0016286 A1 WO 0016286A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- radio frequency
- frequency identification
- identification tag
- tag
- integrated circuit
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07773—Antenna details
- G06K19/07786—Antenna details the antenna being of the HF type, such as a dipole
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07773—Antenna details
- G06K19/07788—Antenna details the antenna being of the capacitive type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S29/00—Metal working
- Y10S29/001—Method or apparatus involving adhesive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49016—Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making
- Y10T29/49018—Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making with other electrical component
Definitions
- Remotely powered electronic devices and related systems are known.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,009,227 issued to Geiszler et al. entitled Proximity Detecting Apparatus discloses a remotely powered device which uses electromagnetic coupling to derive power from a remote source and then uses both electromagnetic and electrostatic coupling to transmit stored data to a receiver often collocated with the remote source.
- Such remotely powered communication devices are commonly known as radio frequency identification (“RFID”) tags.
- RFID radio frequency identification
- Previously RFID tags and systems primarily use electromagnetic coupling to remotely power the remote device and couple the remote device with an exciter system and a receiver system.
- the exciter system generates an electromagnetic excitation signal used to power up the device and cause the device to transmit a signal including stored information.
- the receiver receives the signal produced by the remote device.
- Known electromagnetic coupling mechanisms include an oscillator as part of the exciter system and a coil antenna on both the exciter system and the remote tag that employs the identification device, including an electronic circuit.
- excitation circuitry is connected to a coil antenna which radiates excitation signals that are picked up by a coil antenna mounted on a tag that contains the electronic circuit. The excitation signals energize the circuit, which then provides an information-carrying signal that is transmitted to the receiver using electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling.
- Radio frequency identification tags and associated systems have numerous uses. For example, radio frequency identification tags are
- Newer radio frequency identification tag systems allow the radio frequency identification tag to be read at a short distance using radio frequency data transmission technology, thereby eliminating the need to insert or swipe an
- the user simply holds or places the radio frequency identification tag near a base station, which is coupled to a security system securing the building or area.
- the base station transmits an excitation signal to the radio frequency identification tag that powers circuitry contained on the radio frequency identification tag.
- radio frequency identification tags may be written remotely by an excitation signal 100 appropriately modulated in a predetermined manner.
- RFID tags may be useful in electronic animal identification, baggage tracking, parcel tracking, inventory management applications, asset identification and tracking, and other applications involving identification of things. These 105 applications involve transmitting stored information from a tag to an exciter/reader system in close proximity with the tag. Also, these applications may involve writing information to a tag. RFID tags for these applications may need to be durable for long-term use or disposable, for temporary use.
- bar codes are 110 almost universally employed. Generation of the bar code is very inexpensive.
- the bar codes must be precisely aligned with the bar code reader in order to be read.
- Another problem with bar codes is that the bar codes may become unreadable as a result of damage, for example, exposure to 115 moisture, or wear and tear from use.
- RFID tags address some of the shortcomings of bar codes.
- an RFID tag In addition to the need to transmit stored information via radio ⁇ frequency transmission, it is often desirable for an RFID tag to have indicia perceptible to persons, including printed information, logos, photographs or 120 other printed or graphical data. In many applications, the printed indicia must be customizable for a single use, necessitating the ability to print or otherwise place indicia directly on the RFID tag. This requires the RFID tag to be very thin, very flat and flexible to be compatible with existing printing technologies, including die sublimation printing, ink jet printing and flexographic printing. 125 Prior RFID tags incorporating coils are limited in their ability to be flat, thin and flexible, not to mention the associated cost. This has limited their ability to be printed, particularly in the area near the coil antenna.
- FIG. 1 is a back plan view of a radio frequency identification tag in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a front plan view of the tag of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the tag of FIG. 1 taken along line 3-3.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a radio frequency identification tag in accordance with an alternate preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- 140 FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a radio frequency identification tag in accordance with an alternate preferred embodiment of the present invention wherein the tag is formed by injection molding.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a radio frequency identification tag in accordance with an alternate preferred embodiment of the present 145 invention wherein the tag is formed using adhesive-backed label stock.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a radio frequency identification tag in accordance with an alternate preferred embodiment of the present invention wherein the tag includes a filler layer to form an extremely flat tag.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a radio frequency identification tag 150 in accordance with an alternate preferred embodiment of the present invention wherein the tag includes a cavity for receiving an integrated circuit.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a radio frequency identification tag in accordance with an alternate preferred embodiment of the present invention wherein an interposer is used to couple an integrated circuit to the 155 tag.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of the interposer and integrated circuit shown in FIG. 9.
- FIG. 11 is a back plan view of a radio frequency identification tag in accordance with an alternate preferred embodiment wherein the arrangement 160 of antenna element is varied.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a radio frequency identification tag system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram of another radio frequency identification tag 165 system in accordance with an alternate preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a radio frequency identification tag for use in the system of FIG. 13.
- a radio frequency identification tag includes a substrate member having an inner surface and an outer surface. Disposed on the inner surface of the substrate member is a first antenna element and a second antenna element. The first and second antenna elements are electrically
- the integrated circuit includes a power circuit that produces a supply voltage for electronics on the integrated circuit in response to electrostatic voltages coupled over the air to the pads on the integrated circuit via the first and second antenna elements.
- a cover layer is secured to the inner surface of the substrate member to cover the integrated circuit.
- the radio frequency identification tag is preferably programmed with information and also printed with indicia such as text, graphics or photographs.
- the radio frequency identification tag has a myriad of uses in applications for identifying
- FIG. 1 shows the back of an embodiment of a radio frequency identification tag 100 in accordance with the present invention.
- Tag 100 has a substrate 110, a first antenna element 112, a second antenna element 114 and an integrated circuit 116.
- Substrate 110 provides a base for holding the
- Integrated circuit 116 contains the electronics associated with tag 100 and is coupled to first antenna element 112 and second antenna element 114
- An adhesive is on the back surface 109 of substrate 110 and antenna elements 112, 114 for attaching tag 100 to another surface or article (not shown).
- FIG. 2 shows the front of radio frequency identification tag 100.
- the front surface 111 of tag 100 is formed by the front surface 111 of substrate
- front surface 111 of substrate 110 has indicia 120, which includes printed text, photographs, graphics or any other perceptible indicia.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of tag 100 taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1.
- first and second antenna elements 112, 114 are disposed on substrate member 110.
- Integrated circuit 116 is coupled to
- Adhesive 118 rest on any available or exposed surface on the tag including the surface of integrated circuit 116, the surfaces of first and second antenna elements 112, 114 and the substrate 110. Adhesive 118 is shown in FIG. 3 as a continuous layer, but drops of adhesive, a film or any other form of adhesive is a suitable
- Tag 100 shown in FIGS. 1-3 has a generally rectangular configuration. However, the shape and configuration of tag 100 varies depending upon the application. Also, the thickness of tag 100 varies and is only limited by the thickness of substrate 110, first and second antenna elements 112, 114 and integrated circuit 116.
- Substrate 110 provides the base for tag 100.
- Substrate 110 is composed of any non-conductive component. Suitable materials for substrate 110 include paper, acetate, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyprophylene with calcium carbonate, polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) or plastic. The selection of material for substrate
- substrate 110 is preferably paper.
- substrate 110 is preferably plastic, polyvinyl chloride or ⁇ polyester.
- Substrate 110 is alternatively formed from a web of material or from discrete portions of a material.
- the preferred form of material used for substrate 110 varies depending on the application for tag 100 and the process used to manufacture tag 100.
- substrate 110 is preferably formed from a
- substrate 110 is formed from a fan-folded web of paper or other material.
- First and second antenna elements 112, 114 are formed from numerous suitable conductive materials. The conductivity of antenna elements 112, 114 may vary considerably with little or no performance
- antenna elements 112, 114 with conductivity from 0 ohms per square to 500 K-ohms per square are operable for read-only applications.
- Antenna elements 112, 114 with conductivity from 0 to 100 ohms are operable for read/write applications.
- Suitable materials for antenna elements 112, 114 include conductive ink, wire, or a conductive metal
- antenna elements 112, 114 include copper, graphite, metalized polyester, aluminum, silver ink and carbon ink.
- Antenna elements 112, 114 are placed on substrate 110 using any suitable process including printing, lamination, adhesively securing, and deposition.
- the shape of antenna elements 112, 114 is not limited, but
- antenna elements 112, 114 consume substantially all of the available surface area on substrate 110.
- the impedance characteristics of antenna elements 112, 114 are preferably varied by the type of materials selected and by the dimensions and concentrations of the selected materials. For example, where conductive ink
- antenna elements 112, 114 are used for antenna elements 112, 114, multiple applications of the conductive ink are used to vary the impedance characteristics. Unlike predecessor radio frequency identification tags that relied on electromagnetic coupling, antenna elements 112, 114 are not a coil.
- Integrated circuit 116 houses the circuitry for powering up the radio
- integrated circuit 116 includes the circuitry to write new information into the tag in response to an electrostatic exciter signal. The functions of integrated circuit 116 are discussed further below with respect to FIGS. 12-13. ⁇
- Adhesive 118 is used to secure tag 100 to an article or surface.
- Suitable materials for adhesive 118 include non-conductive and conductive adhesives.
- adhesive 118 is a non-conductive transfer adhesive film.
- Adhesive 118 is applied on tag 100 in any manner including covering the entire available surface area of the tag and associated components or
- Integrated circuit 116 is coupled to the first antenna 112 and second
- antenna 275 antenna 114 by any suitable manner that allows an electrical connection between the integrated circuit 116 and the antennas 112, 114, yet isolates antennas 112, 114 from each other.
- a preferred method for coupling integrated circuit 116 to antennas 112, 114 is a conductive anisotropic adhesive that conducts in the "Z" direction, as shown in FIG. 3. Alternatively,
- an isotropic adhesive is used as long as the isotropic adhesive used to couple first antenna 112 is isolated from the isotropic adhesive used to couple the second antenna 114.
- An alternate method for coupling integrated circuit 116 to antennas 112, 114 is with double-sided, conductive, pressure sensitive adhesive tape.
- a preferred anisotropic adhesive tape is model number 9703
- a preferred isotropic adhesive tape is model number 335-1 sold by Ablestik of Rancho Dominguez, California.
- an anisotropic adhesive is applied over the entire, or selected portions, of antenna elements 112, 114, and the back surface of substrate 110 prior to attaching integrated circuit 116.
- anistrophic adhesive serves the dual function of (1 ) coupling integrated circuit 116 to antenna elements 112, 114, and (2) attaching tag 100 to an article or person - i.e., the function of adhesive 118.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a radio frequency tag 200 in accordance with the present invention.
- the front and right side views are shown in accordance with the present invention.
- Tag 200 is similar to tag 100, except that a cover layer 202 is used to cover integrated circuit 116, first and second antenna elements 112, 114 and the
- Cover layer 202 has the same surface area as substrate 110.
- Cover layer 202 is any suitable material and - preferably has a flat surface with printed indicia formed thereon. Suitable materials for cover layer 202 include paper, acetate, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, polypropylene with calcium carbonate, polyvinyl chloride, ABS,
- FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a radio frequency identification tag 300 in accordance with the present invention.
- Radio frequency identification tag 300 is similar to tags 100, 200 except that a
- cover layer 302 is provided around and over the entire substrate 110, antenna elements 112, 114 and integrated circuit 116.
- the front and back plan views of tag 300 are similar to the front plan view of tag 100 shown in FIG. 2, except, of course, the indicia on the tag varies.
- the cross-sectional view is taken along a line corresponding to line 3-3 of FIG. 1.
- 315 is preferably formed by injection molding and substrate 110 is preferably an etiquette.
- the etiquette is a pre-printed label inserted into an injection or transfer mold and encapsulated with plastic.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention that provides a radio frequency identification tag 350 made from adhesive-
- a substrate member 352 and a cover layer 354 are both derived from adhesive-backed label stock.
- Substrate member 352 is comprised of a base layer 356, an adhesive layer 358 and a removable release liner 360.
- cover layer 354 is comprised of a base layer 362 and an adhesive layer 364.
- a removable release liner (not
- cover layer 354 has been removed from cover layer 354 to allow adhesive attachment of cover layer 354 to tag 350.
- Antenna elements 112, 114 are disposed on base layer 356 of substrate member 352 and integrated circuit 116 is coupled to antenna elements 112, 114.
- Cover layer 354 preferably has indicia disposed on its surface.
- Base layers 356, 362 are formed from any suitable
- Adhesive layers 358, 364 are any suitable adhesive including releasable and permanent adhesives.
- FIGS. 1-6 form relatively
- radio frequency identification tags are adapted to be printed by a number of printing processes including via die- sublimation printing, ink jet printing, flexographic printing, web printing, screen " printing and pad transfer printing, without modification of the printing process.
- the embodiments of the invention shown in FIGS. 1-6 may have some
- FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention that provides an extremely flat radio frequency identification tag 400 and addresses the minor irregularity that may be caused by integrated circuit 116.
- Tag 400 has substrate 110 with front surface 111 and back surface 109.
- Antenna elements 112, 114 are on back surface 109 and integrated circuit
- filler layer 402 rests between antenna elements 112, 114 and a cover layer 404.
- Filler layer 402 preferably has a configuration similar to substrate 110 and cover layer 404, except an aperture 406 is formed in filler layer 402 that is sized to receive integrated circuit 116.
- filler layer 402 is comprised of a plurality
- filler layer 402 has a thickness substantially equal to the thickness of integrated circuit 116. Filler layer 402 is secured between substrate 110 and cover layer 404 in any suitable manner including frictionally, adhesively, and by lamination.
- Substrate 110 serves as one layer of the form; cover layer 404 serves as another layer of the form; and filler layer 402 serves as another layer of the form.
- Filler layer 402 is either blank and non-functional or functional, as for
- FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention that provides an extremely flat radio frequency identification tag 500.
- Tag 500 reduces or eliminates any irregularity in the surface of the tag due to the presence of the integrated circuit.
- Tag 500 includes substrate 110
- cover ⁇ covers back surface 109 of substrate 110, antenna elements 112, 114 and integrated circuit 116. As discussed above with respect to cover layers of other embodiments, cover ⁇
- Cover layer 504 has a recessed portion or cavity 506.
- Cavity 506 is preferably sized to receive integrated circuit 116 while maintaining a flat, planar surface for cover layer 504.
- Cavity 506 has a rectangular or square configuration to coincide with the shape of integrated circuit 116, or alternatively, cavity 506 is
- Cover layer 504 is formed by any suitable material including the materials listed above for use as substrate 110 and cover layer 202.
- the integrated circuit 116 is shown directly attached to the first and second antenna
- 385 elements 112, 114 This direct attachment requires precise alignment of integrated circuit 116 with the appropriate antenna element. More precisely, the pads on integrated circuit 116 must be carefully aligned with the antenna elements 112, 114. The pads on integrated circuit 116 are as small as 110 square mils or smaller, hindering the ability to precisely make a connection.
- Interposer 600 uses an intermediary, referred to as an "interposer" 600, to attach integrated circuit 116 to antenna elements 112, 114 in a radio frequency identification tag.
- Interposer 600 reduces the amount of precision required to successfully couple integrated circuit 116 to antenna elements 112, 114. This facilitates manufacture of the
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of the front side of interposer 600.
- Interposer 600 has a substrate 602. Disposed on substrate 602 is a first interposer connecting pad 604 and a second interposer connecting pad 606. Disposed on and coupled to the first and second interposer connecting pads 604, 606 is
- integrated circuit 116 is secured to the first and second interposer connecting pads 604, 606, which in turn are secured and coupled to the first and second antenna elements 112, 114, respectively. This facilitates an electrical connection between integrated circuit 116 and first and second antenna elements 112, 114.
- Substrate 602 is
- interposer connecting pads 604, 606 are any suitable conductive material, including the materials discussed above with respect to first and second antenna elements 112, 114.
- Integrated circuit 116 is secured or bonded to interposer connecting pads 604, 606 using an
- FIG. 11 is an alternate preferred embodiment of the invention showing a back plan view of a tag 700.
- Tag 700 has antenna elements 712, 714 disposed on substrate 710.
- Integrated circuit 116 is disposed on and coupled
- Tag 700 corresponds in its components to tag 100, except that the arrangement of the antenna elements 712, 714 is different from the arrangement of antenna elements 112, 114. More specifically, antenna elements 112, 114 form a "bow tie" pattern and antenna elements 712, 714 form a "checker board” pattern. Tag 700 is preferred in an
- antenna element 712 is closer to ground than the other antenna element, in this case, antenna element 714.
- the checker board pattern advantageously maintains the relative relationships between the antenna
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a radio frequency identification tag system 800 including an exciter 802, reader 804 and integrated circuit 116.
- Exciter 802 is coupled to a first electrostatic antenna element 806 and a second electrostatic antenna element 808.
- Reader 804 is coupled to an
- Electrostatic antenna element 810 Integrated circuit 116 is coupled to a first electrostatic antenna element 112 and a second electrostatic antenna element 114.
- Exciter 802 generates a signal that is electrostatically coupled to integrated circuit 116 from electrostatic antenna elements 806, 808 to electrostatic antenna elements 112, 114. The signal generated by exciter
- circuit 116 powers the electronics, writes the appropriate information and generates a read signal that is electrostatically coupled over the air to reader 804 via electrostatic antenna element 810. Reader 804 reads the signal to decode the information for use
- Integrated circuit 116 includes a rectifier and power circuit 814, a write decoder 816, a controller 818, a memory 820, a modulator 822 and a clock extraction circuit 824.
- Rectifier and power circuit 814 is coupled to antenna elements 112, 114 to receive the electrostatically coupled signal from exciter
- This alternating current (A.C.) signal is rectified by rectifier and power circuit 814 to produce a direct current (D.C.) signal that is then regulated to provide a power supply voltage V+ for integrated circuit 116.
- the A.C. signal from exciter 802 is passed to write decoder 816.
- Write decoder 816 decodes ⁇ - the information modulated into the signal by exciter 802 to determine the
- Write decoder 816 is coupled to controller 818.
- Write decoder 816 decodes the signal from exciter 802 into a write command.
- Controller 818 controls a memory 820 which is written in response to an appropriate signal or write command from exciter 802 and/or read from in response to an appropriate signal from exciter 802.
- Memory 820 stores digital information. Information read from memory 820 is modulated by modulator 822, which provides a signal that is electrostatically coupled through at least one of antenna elements 112, 114 to be received by reader 804. Clock extraction circuit 824 creates a clock signal for integrated circuit 116 based on the A.C. signal received from the exciter 802.
- Integrated circuit 116 shown in FIG. 12 is a circuit for use in a radio frequency identification tag that can be read and written.
- a preferred radio frequency identification circuit that can be read and written is the Temic e5550 circuit chip available from Temic North America, Inc., Basking Ridge, New Jersey.
- write decoder 816 For an integrated circuit that is read only, write decoder 816
- a preferred integrated circuit for use in a read only radio frequency identification tag is the Indala 1341 circuit chip, available from Motorola Indala Corporation, 3041 Orchard Parkway, San Jose, California 95134.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating an alternate radio frequency
- Radio frequency identification tag system 900 includes a slightly modified integrated circuit 116'.
- the system 900 is similar to the system 800 except that modulator 822 of integrated circuit 116' is not coupled to the second electrostatic antenna element 114, but is coupled to a separate electrostatic
- This embodiment advantageously has a separate electrostatic antenna element 902 dedicated for data transmission.
- FIG. 14 is a back plan view of another embodiment of a radio frequency tag 1000 in accordance with the present invention.
- Tag 1000 incorporates integrated circuit 116' and consequently has a third electrostatic 480 antenna element 902 formed on substrate 110.
- Electrostatic antenna element 902 is preferably located between electrostatic antenna elements 112, 114.
- third electrostatic antenna element 902 is preferably located within a null region between antennas 112,
- Radio frequency identification tags in accordance with the present invention are useful for numerous applications, including for personal identification in automated gate sentry applications, amusement parks,
- radio frequency identification tags in accordance with the present invention are useful for article identification for asset tracking, inventory management, mailing labels, animal identification, baggage tracking, parcel tracking and
- electrostatic radio frequency identification tags in accordance with the present invention are substantially less expensive due to elimination of an inductive
- electrostatic radio frequency identification tags in accordance with the present invention are extremely flat, thin and flexible and therefore, suitable for printing by standard printing processes.
- Electrostatic radio frequency identification tags in accordance with the
- Typical applications using radio frequency identification tags in accordance with the present invention require that the tag be programmed and printed.
- the tags are completely preprogrammed.
- the tag are programmed just prior to use in order to incorporate certain information unique or related to the person or thing that
- a tag As an admissions ticket or pass for a ski resort, amusement park, sporting event, concert or other event.
- it is desirable to have some information preprogrammed into a tag for example, identification of the event and possibly an identification number associated with the tag.
- the tag preferably has on a surface the same preprogrammed information indicated
- the tag Prior to use of the tag by an individual, the tag is programmed with information relating to the individual. For example, the tag is programmed with the individual's name, address, social security number, credit card number, or other information related to the individual. After programming, the tag is preferably read to verify that the intended
- the tag is then printed or otherwise has indicia placed on the tag.
- the indicia placed on the tag coincides with the information stored in the tag.
- the tag is programmed with information identifying the type of article, model number and information associated with its manufacture, such as a manufacturing lot and manufacturing location.
- the tag is preferably also printed with indicia
- the tag stores a cash value, credit value or entitlement indication, which is incremented or decremented as the tag is used. Loyalty points based on usage are alternatively stored on a tag.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU58090/99A AU5809099A (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-03 | Radio frequency identification tag apparatus and related method |
CA002343397A CA2343397C (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-03 | Radio frequency identification tag apparatus and related method |
DE69938929T DE69938929D1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-03 | RFID LABELING DEVICE AND METHOD |
JP2000570743A JP4313951B2 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-03 | Electrostatic radio frequency identification tag apparatus and related method |
EP99945500A EP1112560B1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-03 | Radio frequency identification tag apparatus and related method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15190198A | 1998-09-11 | 1998-09-11 | |
US09/151,901 | 1998-09-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000016286A1 true WO2000016286A1 (en) | 2000-03-23 |
Family
ID=22540726
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1999/020309 WO2000016286A1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-03 | Radio frequency identification tag apparatus and related method |
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EP (1) | EP1112560B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4313951B2 (en) |
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AT (1) | ATE398814T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5809099A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2343397C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69938929D1 (en) |
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WO (1) | WO2000016286A1 (en) |
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- 1999-09-03 JP JP2000570743A patent/JP4313951B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-03 AT AT99945500T patent/ATE398814T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-03 WO PCT/US1999/020309 patent/WO2000016286A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-09-03 CA CA002343397A patent/CA2343397C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-03 EP EP99945500A patent/EP1112560B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-03 KR KR10-2001-7003130A patent/KR100437007B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-03 AU AU58090/99A patent/AU5809099A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-10 TW TW088115664A patent/TW455824B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (32)
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US6819243B2 (en) | 2000-04-03 | 2004-11-16 | Mikko Keskilammi | Method and apparatus for identifying bulk goods, preferably roll-like bulk goods |
JP2003536149A (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2003-12-02 | ラフセック オサケ ユキチュア | Manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for smart label insertion web |
WO2002067621A1 (en) | 2001-02-19 | 2002-08-29 | Telia Ab (Publ) | Digital permissions for positioning |
JP2002259934A (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-13 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Liquid container with rfid tag |
JP4712986B2 (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2011-06-29 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Liquid container with RFID tag |
US6819244B2 (en) | 2001-03-28 | 2004-11-16 | Inksure Rf, Inc. | Chipless RF tags |
WO2002080093A2 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-10 | Inksure Rf Inc. | Chipless rf tags |
WO2002080093A3 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2003-02-20 | Inksure Rf Inc | Chipless rf tags |
WO2002095674A1 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-28 | Oji Paper Co., Ltd. | Ic chip mounting element, production method therefor and thermal transfer film used in the production method |
JP2002352206A (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-12-06 | Toppan Forms Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing data transmitting/receiving body |
JP2003006594A (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-01-10 | Toppan Forms Co Ltd | Formation method for rf-id medium using both-side tape |
JP2003044800A (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-02-14 | Toppan Forms Co Ltd | Non-contacting radio frequency identification medium using conductive polymer |
JP2003044809A (en) * | 2001-07-30 | 2003-02-14 | Toppan Forms Co Ltd | Security ic label of interposer type |
JP2003044817A (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-02-14 | Toppan Forms Co Ltd | Non-contact type ic card |
JP2003044812A (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-02-14 | Toppan Forms Co Ltd | Recording medium and method for manufacturing the same |
JP2003067715A (en) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-07 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Non-contact ic card and non-contact ic card transmission medium |
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US7102520B2 (en) | 2002-12-31 | 2006-09-05 | Avery Dennison Corporation | RFID device and method of forming |
US8072333B2 (en) | 2002-12-31 | 2011-12-06 | Avery Dennison Corporation | RFID device and method of forming |
US7224280B2 (en) | 2002-12-31 | 2007-05-29 | Avery Dennison Corporation | RFID device and method of forming |
US7232608B2 (en) | 2004-05-13 | 2007-06-19 | Nisca Corporation | Conductive material and manufacturing method thereof |
EP1626364A2 (en) | 2004-08-13 | 2006-02-15 | Fujitsu Limited | Radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and manufacturing method thereof |
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US7916032B2 (en) | 2004-08-13 | 2011-03-29 | Fujitsu Limited | Radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and manufacturing method thereof |
US7540428B2 (en) | 2004-08-31 | 2009-06-02 | Fujitsu Limited | RFID tag, RFID-tag antenna, RFID-tag antenna sheet, and method of manufacturing RFID tag |
US7699235B2 (en) | 2004-08-31 | 2010-04-20 | Fujitsu Limited | RFID tag, RFID-tag antenna, RFID-tag antenna sheet, and method of manufacturing RFID tag |
US7951249B2 (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2011-05-31 | Fujitsu Limited | RFID tag |
US7199718B2 (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2007-04-03 | Fujitsu Limited | RFID tag with thermal conductive cover |
US7928921B2 (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2011-04-19 | Fujitsu Limited | Tag-use antenna and tag using the same |
US7538738B2 (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2009-05-26 | Fujitsu Limited | Tag-use antenna and tag using the same |
US7880615B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2011-02-01 | Fujitsu Limited | Electronic device manufacturing system and electronic device manufacturing method |
US9317800B2 (en) | 2010-08-16 | 2016-04-19 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Non-contact IC label and nameplate |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2343397A1 (en) | 2000-03-23 |
DE69938929D1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
TW455824B (en) | 2001-09-21 |
EP1112560A4 (en) | 2005-01-26 |
KR100437007B1 (en) | 2004-06-23 |
ATE398814T1 (en) | 2008-07-15 |
JP2002525726A (en) | 2002-08-13 |
EP1112560B1 (en) | 2008-06-18 |
EP1112560A1 (en) | 2001-07-04 |
US6265977B1 (en) | 2001-07-24 |
JP4313951B2 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
KR20010073147A (en) | 2001-07-31 |
CA2343397C (en) | 2003-03-11 |
AU5809099A (en) | 2000-04-03 |
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