WO2000019787A1 - Device for fitting of a target in isotope production - Google Patents
Device for fitting of a target in isotope production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000019787A1 WO2000019787A1 PCT/SE1999/001661 SE9901661W WO0019787A1 WO 2000019787 A1 WO2000019787 A1 WO 2000019787A1 SE 9901661 W SE9901661 W SE 9901661W WO 0019787 A1 WO0019787 A1 WO 0019787A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- target
- body portion
- target body
- cyclotron
- bayonet fitting
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
Definitions
- An isotope production system is a complex system with several subsystems and functions. Such a system produces radioactive tracers, which means that the system has to be in harmony with a number of regulations for such activities, particularly regarding radiation hazards.
- targets which are mounted either directly onto a suitable particle accelerator, normally a cyclotron or on an ion beam transfer line extension from the accelerator.
- Targets also need regular maintenance. Time between services depends on operation time, beam current level, type of target, etc. Sudden failures, such as target window ruptures, may also occur.
- a target window normally constitutes a thin foil of the order 10 - 25 ⁇ m made of, for instance, titanium or an alloy having the corresponding characteristics. Such thin window foils are used to separate a target media space in the target body from the vacuum space of the cyclotron.
- the target body will get heated from the irradiation by the ion beam, and therefore has to be cooled. At all instances the user would like to commence their research and clinical program without loosing time. To wait too long for a radioactive target to cool down is not a realistic scenario. A faulty target is desired to be replaced immediately. Therefore, the elapsed time for removal of a target is of great importance, besides to limit the dose exposure to maintenance staff, but the logistics related to the maintenance actions and the design of the target itself are also important.
- the GE MINItrace discloses an integrated device adopted for localised production of short-lived PET (Positron Emission Tomography) isotopes for medical diagnostics for instance at a local hospital. Generally there is then a desire that an operator of the isotope production system should be able to keep a maximum distance to a target which has to be removed during the operation of the facility.
- the present invention discloses a target connection and insulation having a quick fitting to a small cyclotron housed in an integrated radiation shield.
- the target will be easily accessed after opening one of the radiation- shielding doors of the shield and the target device can then be manipulated while still minimising radiation hazards for the operator of the PET isotope production facility.
- Fig. 1 is a cross section of an embodiment of a target arrangement according to the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a cross section of the disassembled target arrangement according to Fig. 1 ;
- Fig. 3 is three-dimensional view of the disassembled target arrangement according to Fig. 2.
- Fig. 1 is shown a target body containing a target section 2, an intermediate cooling section 3 and an adapter section 4 fitting an adapter receive portion 5 mounted directly onto a cyclotron vacuum casing 1.
- the intermediate section 3 between the two windows 6 and 7 is in the preferred embodiment filled with circulating inert gas (normally helium) providing window cooling.
- the target portion 2 also requires cooling during irradiation and is therefore in the preferred embodiment provided with connections for the provision of cooling water to target portion 2 and likewise there is a connection for helium cooling to intermediate section 3.
- these connections are using standardised type self closing quick connections well known to a person skilled in the art and therefore not further discussed in this context.
- the target device with its separation windows forms one integral body by means of, in the preferred embodiment, four of bolts 10 passing through the second target body portion and tightening the second target body portion 3 carrying the two separation window foils 6 and 7 between the first body portion 2 and the third body portion 4.
- bolts 10 are threaded into the first body portion 2 to interfere as little as possible with available cooling channels in the first body portion 2.
- the bolts 10 then are fed via though holes 9 shaped in the body portion 3 and similarly in the portion 4.
- the bolts 10 may be facing the other direction as well with through holes in the first portion 2 and threads in the third portion 4.
- the target device is electrically insulated from the cyclotron structure 1 particularly for enabling a measurement of an electrical current from the beam of ions hitting the target body.
- the target portion 2, which forms the space 20 for target media, will easily be contaminated by radioactive isotopes created due to the irradiation by the ion beam, and in particular the target windows 6 and 7 may be very radioactive due to the interaction of the window material with the ion beam passing through those. It is therefore imperative that removal of an irradiated target device has to be as fast as possible in order to limit the dose load to personnel performing such a task.
- the time of removal is primarily determined by the design of the target fixation system and to some extent by connections for the target cooling fluids as well as connections for target media.
- the target body consisting of the assembled portions 2, 3, and 4, is held in place in operation by a fixation mechanism 4 and 5 obtaining some additional force which will be created by the pressure difference between the external atmospheric pressure and the cyclotron vacuum.
- the fixation of the target assembly to the cyclotron 1 is obtained by a specially designed bayonet fitting 4, 5 whereby the removal of a target body will be done by a simple small twist, which will take not even a second.
- a particular pliers tool is supposed to be used, preferably with a latching function (not shown) in order to add distance from an operator's hand to the target body.
- the removal is then easily done as a "one hand operation" with a fully stretched arm keeping the target body, consisting of the assembled portions 2, 3, 4, far away from the operator's body.
- Portion 5 of the bayonet attaching device fixed to the vacuum casing of the cyclotron is made of a material which, except for the desired vacuum sealing, provides some lubrication (for the twisting). This is solved by making the material of the bayonet portion 5 in contact with the portion 4 of an insulating material, like a plastic material, thus providing the necessary lubrication as well as target insulation in the same component. For the desired vacuum sealing a high precision of the two portions 4 and 5 is necessary and also for the insulating O-ring sealing.
- a complete disassembly of the target body according to the illustrative embodiment of the target body will only involve loosening of the four bolts 10.
- the target foil windows 6 and 7 are the dominant sources of radioactive radiation.
- the present design of the target body then makes the removal step of these window foils to a quick and uncomplicated operation, which will also promote a lower dose exposure to the operator staff.
- a lead container ("lead pig") for transport of the target body to a service area will be an effective way of handling the removed target body.
- a table top lead shield with a lead sight glass with provisions for fixation of the target body is the preferred assisting device recommended. The disassembly of the target body then takes place in the table top shield.
- First step will be to open up the cyclotron radiation shield for accessing the target to be removed.
- a GE MINItrace device it only means opening a heavy front radiation shielding access door, which at the same time normally should break all electrical circuitry present (to prohibit operation of the cyclotron) .
- When breaking the electrical circuits all pumping of coolants and target media will of course be interrupted. No further vacuum pumping will be performed and a by means of a suitable valve the vacuum of the cyclotron casing will then be released.
- Next step is disconnection of water and /or helium cooling connections of the target body portions 2 and 3 as well as connections to the target portion 2 for target media (hand exposure for 1-2 seconds).
- a target body removal tool (not shown) is introduced, gripping the target body and by twisting the removal tool slightly the target is then quickly be released from the cyclotron vacuum casing 1. Still with the removal tool attached the entire target body consisting of the portions 2, 3 and 4 is deposited into a lead shield container (hand exposure for 2-3 seconds).
- the target in the lead shield container With the target in the lead shield container it will be moved to a service area (no exposure) after which the target body is moved from the lead container to a particularly adapted radiation shielded target body service and fixing position (hand exposure for 2-3 seconds), where the target can then be disassembled (immediately or after any specified time period) by removing the four screws 10 connecting the target portions 2, 3 and 4 together and forming the target body.
- the foil windows 6 and 7 will be accessed (hand exposure for 10- 15 seconds but at a lower average dose level).
- the foil windows 6 and 7, as already mentioned are the most critical parts regarding radiation hazards and should therefore be kept at a largest possible distance from the hands. It is recommended to have a local small lead container especially intended for accommodating the foils. A long tweezers for moving the foils to the lead container is then strongly recommended.
- the device according to the present invention makes it possible to handle an irradiated target body with a lowest possible radiation dose to the operator.
- the simple disconnection operation from the cyclotron vacuum casing improves the handling safety in the delicate operation of a PET isotope production facility for diagnostic tracers.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/787,802 US6433495B1 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-09-23 | Device for fitting of a target in isotope production |
AU11928/00A AU1192800A (en) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-09-23 | Device for fitting of a target in isotope production |
CA002345327A CA2345327A1 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-09-23 | Device for fitting of a target in isotope production |
EP99969893A EP1120025A1 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-09-23 | Device for fitting of a target in isotope production |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9803302-0 | 1998-09-29 | ||
SE9803302A SE513191C2 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 1998-09-29 | quick release |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000019787A1 true WO2000019787A1 (en) | 2000-04-06 |
Family
ID=20412760
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE1999/001661 WO2000019787A1 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-09-23 | Device for fitting of a target in isotope production |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6433495B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1120025A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4388633B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU1192800A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2345327A1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE513191C2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW436817B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000019787A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2839243A1 (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2003-10-31 | Aima Eps | Target used for producing radio-elements, especially fluorine-18 used in positron emission tomographic body imaging, comprises liquid to be irradiated with particle beam enclosed in space defined by inclined foil |
WO2011133281A1 (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-27 | General Electric Company | Self-shielding target for isotope production systems |
EP2393344A1 (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2011-12-07 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Apparatus for producing a radioisotope comprising means for maintenance and method of maintenance for said apparatus |
US9287015B2 (en) | 2010-02-01 | 2016-03-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for producing two different radioactive isotopes |
Families Citing this family (21)
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CA2325362A1 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2002-05-08 | Kirk Flippo | Method and apparatus for high-energy generation and for inducing nuclear reactions |
US7831009B2 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2010-11-09 | Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. | Tantalum water target body for production of radioisotopes |
US7030399B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2006-04-18 | Cti Molecular Imaging, Inc. | Closure for shielding the targeting assembly of a particle accelerator |
US20060017411A1 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2006-01-26 | Accsys Technology, Inc. | Mobile/transportable PET radioisotope system with omnidirectional self-shielding |
US20080089460A1 (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2008-04-17 | John Sved | Proton Generator Apparatus for Isotope Production |
US7663119B2 (en) | 2004-08-12 | 2010-02-16 | John Sved | Process for neutron interrogation of objects in relative motion or of large extent |
US8106570B2 (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2012-01-31 | General Electric Company | Isotope production system and cyclotron having reduced magnetic stray fields |
US8106370B2 (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2012-01-31 | General Electric Company | Isotope production system and cyclotron having a magnet yoke with a pump acceptance cavity |
US8153997B2 (en) | 2009-05-05 | 2012-04-10 | General Electric Company | Isotope production system and cyclotron |
US8374306B2 (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2013-02-12 | General Electric Company | Isotope production system with separated shielding |
CN102164450B (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-08-08 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Swinging tritium-titanium target device |
US9101895B2 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2015-08-11 | General Electric Company | System for mixing and dispersing microbubble pharmaceuticals |
US9336915B2 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2016-05-10 | General Electric Company | Target apparatus and isotope production systems and methods using the same |
JP6044895B2 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2016-12-14 | 日東電工株式会社 | Method for producing porous polymer film and porous polymer film |
US9894746B2 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2018-02-13 | General Electric Company | Target windows for isotope systems |
US9961756B2 (en) | 2014-10-07 | 2018-05-01 | General Electric Company | Isotope production target chamber including a cavity formed from a single sheet of metal foil |
TWM498861U (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-11 | Taiwan Carbon Nanotube Technology Corp | Solar panel frame module |
KR101904401B1 (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2018-10-05 | 한국원자력의학원 | Target device for producing radioisotopes |
US10595392B2 (en) | 2016-06-17 | 2020-03-17 | General Electric Company | Target assembly and isotope production system having a grid section |
US10354771B2 (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2019-07-16 | General Electric Company | Isotope production system having a target assembly with a graphene target sheet |
CN116234146B (en) * | 2023-05-05 | 2023-07-25 | 合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司 | Tail stripping structure of low-energy particle cyclotron |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4800060A (en) * | 1982-08-03 | 1989-01-24 | Yeda Research & Development Co., Ltd. | Window assembly for positron emitter |
US4945251A (en) * | 1988-03-17 | 1990-07-31 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Gas target device |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4157471A (en) * | 1978-05-10 | 1979-06-05 | United States Department Of Energy | High temperature ion source for an on-line isotope separator |
FR2486702A1 (en) * | 1980-07-10 | 1982-01-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | INSTALLATION FOR IRRADIATION HAVING IMPROVED MEANS FOR POSITIONING TARGETS |
US4529571A (en) * | 1982-10-27 | 1985-07-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Single-ring magnetic cusp low gas pressure ion source |
GB8512804D0 (en) * | 1985-05-21 | 1985-06-26 | Oxford Instr Ltd | Cyclotrons |
US5280505A (en) * | 1991-05-03 | 1994-01-18 | Science Research Laboratory, Inc. | Method and apparatus for generating isotopes |
US5340983A (en) * | 1992-05-18 | 1994-08-23 | The State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University | Method and apparatus for mass analysis using slow monochromatic electrons |
JPH06310091A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1994-11-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer |
US5586153A (en) * | 1995-08-14 | 1996-12-17 | Cti, Inc. | Process for producing radionuclides using porous carbon |
-
1998
- 1998-09-29 SE SE9803302A patent/SE513191C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-08-16 JP JP22966399A patent/JP4388633B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-23 US US09/787,802 patent/US6433495B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-23 AU AU11928/00A patent/AU1192800A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-23 EP EP99969893A patent/EP1120025A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-09-23 WO PCT/SE1999/001661 patent/WO2000019787A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-09-23 CA CA002345327A patent/CA2345327A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-29 TW TW088116677A patent/TW436817B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4800060A (en) * | 1982-08-03 | 1989-01-24 | Yeda Research & Development Co., Ltd. | Window assembly for positron emitter |
US4945251A (en) * | 1988-03-17 | 1990-07-31 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Gas target device |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2839243A1 (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2003-10-31 | Aima Eps | Target used for producing radio-elements, especially fluorine-18 used in positron emission tomographic body imaging, comprises liquid to be irradiated with particle beam enclosed in space defined by inclined foil |
US9287015B2 (en) | 2010-02-01 | 2016-03-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for producing two different radioactive isotopes |
WO2011133281A1 (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-27 | General Electric Company | Self-shielding target for isotope production systems |
US9693443B2 (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2017-06-27 | General Electric Company | Self-shielding target for isotope production systems |
EP2393344A1 (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2011-12-07 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Apparatus for producing a radioisotope comprising means for maintenance and method of maintenance for said apparatus |
WO2011151316A1 (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2011-12-08 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Apparatus for producing a radioisotope comprising means for maintenance and method of maintenance for said apparatus |
US9414479B2 (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2016-08-09 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Apparatus for producing a radioisotope comprising means for maintenance and method of maintenance for said apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2000105300A (en) | 2000-04-11 |
SE9803302D0 (en) | 1998-09-29 |
JP4388633B2 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
AU1192800A (en) | 2000-04-17 |
US6433495B1 (en) | 2002-08-13 |
TW436817B (en) | 2001-05-28 |
SE9803302L (en) | 2000-03-30 |
SE513191C2 (en) | 2000-07-24 |
CA2345327A1 (en) | 2000-04-06 |
EP1120025A1 (en) | 2001-08-01 |
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