WO2000033738A9 - Telemetric in vivo bladder monitoring system - Google Patents
Telemetric in vivo bladder monitoring systemInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000033738A9 WO2000033738A9 PCT/US1999/028679 US9928679W WO0033738A9 WO 2000033738 A9 WO2000033738 A9 WO 2000033738A9 US 9928679 W US9928679 W US 9928679W WO 0033738 A9 WO0033738 A9 WO 0033738A9
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- operatively interconnected
- power source
- measurement device
- self
- discharge portion
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6867—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive specially adapted to be attached or implanted in a specific body part
- A61B5/6874—Bladder
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
- A61B5/0031—Implanted circuitry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14539—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring pH
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/20—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons for measuring urological functions restricted to the evaluation of the urinary system
- A61B5/202—Assessing bladder functions, e.g. incontinence assessment
- A61B5/205—Determining bladder or urethral pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/028—Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS]
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to sensor devices and sensing systems and, more specifically, to a system capable of in vivo telemonitonng of various properties of urine in the bladder
- This monitoring system may be used, for example, in studies relating bladder pressure to urinary tract infections and anomalous bladder muscular behavior
- This monitoring system applies to diagnostic and therapy measures for bed wetting syndrome, artificial bladders and sphincters
- the invention fulfills the above-described needs and provides for an improved system for measuring urinary tract pressure
- In vivo telemetric monitoring of bladder pressure aids in determining bladder events during normal activities, as well as serving as a means for notification of voiding
- in vivo telemetric monitoring provides new and improved data for diagnosis and modeling of conditions involving bladder pressure
- the invention affords new diagnostic capabilities, such as for the homebound and institutionalized elderly, for children in their natural surroundings, and for animals in a research environment
- an in vivo telemetric bladder pressure monitoring system comprising a pressure measurement device capable of using magnetic induction telemetry and further capable of being removably insertable into the bladder of an animal, including humans and other mammals.
- a receiver for receiving pressure data from said pressure measurement device.
- the pressure measurement device can include a self- contained power source; a pressure sensor; at least one offset balance resistor operatively interconnected to said pressure sensor; a differential amplifier operatively interconnected to an output portion of said pressure sensor and further operatively interconnected to a discharge portion of said self-contained power source; a frequency modulator operatively interconnected to an output portion of said amplifier and further operatively interconnected to said discharge portion of said self-contained power source; an induction coil-antenna operatively interconnected to said discharge portion of said self-contained power source; an oscillator operatively interconnected to said modulator, said oscillator further operatively interconnected to said induction coil-antenna, said oscillator further operatively interconnected to said discharge portion of said self-contained power source; and a telemetry circuit operatively interconnected to said pressure sensor, said telemetry circuit further operatively connected to said discharge portion of said self-contained power source, said telemetry circuit further operatively connected to said in
- the pressure measurement device can comprise a self-contained power source; a pressure sensor; at least one offset balance resistor operatively interconnected to said pressure sensor; a transconductance amplifier operatively interconnected to an output portion of said pressure sensor, said transconductance amplifier further operatively interconnected to a discharge portion of said self-contained power source; a pulse width modulator operatively interconnected to an output portion of said transconductance amplifier, said pulse width modulator further operatively interconnected to said discharge portion of said self-contained power source; a clock operatively interconnected to said pulse width modulator, said clock further operatively interconnected to said pressure sensor and said transconductance amplifier, said clock further operatively interconnected to said discharge portion of said self- contained power source; and an oscillator operatively interconnected to said pulse width modulator, said oscillator further operatively interconnected to said discharge portion of said self-contained power source.
- the receiver can include a self-contained and/or external power source; at least one antenna-coil operatively interconnected to a discharge portion of said power source; at least one preamplifier operatively interconnected to an output portion of said antenna-coil, said preamplifier further operatively interconnected to said discharge portion of said power source; a signal conditioner operatively interconnected to an output portion of said preamplifier, said signal conditioner further operatively interconnected to said discharge portion of said power source; a detector operatively interconnected to an output portion of said signal conditioner, said detector further operatively interconnected to said discharge portion of said power source; a scaling amplifier operatively interconnected to an output portion of said detector, said scaling amplifier further operatively interconnected to said discharge portion of said power source; and a memory module means for data acquisition and storage, said memory module operatively interconnected to said output portion of said readout circuit.
- Another preferred embodiment includes a method for determining urinary tract pressure in an animal comprising the steps of inserting a capsule into said animal's bladder, measuring said urinary tract pressure on said capsule, and removing said capsule from said animal's bladder.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a bladder urine monitor system according to the invention
- Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram (Circuit One) for use in the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram (Circuit Two) for use in the present invention
- Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a receiver for use in the present invention.
- pressure monitoring is performed using a biological parameter monitor.
- the biological parameter monitor can be single or multi- channel and can measure one or more biological parameter such as pressure, salinity, protein , pH, etc. of the urine.
- the invention will be described using a single channel telemetry monitor for measuring pressure.
- a pressure measurement device as an in vivo component of the single channel telemetry pressure monitor, is very small and is buoyant so that it will float or is otherwise constrained within the bladder.
- the pressure measurement device is insertable and removable using a catheter-like device via the urethra of the animal or human to actively react to, in this example, pressure.
- the insertable measurement device's physical dimensions are approximately 4-6 mm in diameter and 10-20 mm in length.
- the insertable measurement device is also preferably coated with a biocompatible coating, such as a hydrophilic overcoat that becomes very slippery when wet.
- a hydrophilic overcoat is LubhcoatTM, manufactured by Van Technologies, Incorporated (Duluth, MN).
- the system uses magnetic induction telemetry, which involves magnetic field communication coupling of two separated (i.e., not wired together for data communication) circuits such that the magnetic field carries (telemeters) data to/from the pressure measurement device and a receiver.
- the receiver as an external component of the biological parameter monitor (in this example, pressure), receives, for example, pressure measurement data, communicated via the magnetic induction telemetry link, converts the information into user readable form by way of a self contained alpha-numeric display and/or a peripherally connected computer, for example.
- the invention employs, but is not limited to, magnetic induction telemetry similar to the communication link used in pacemakers, for example.
- New diagnostic capabilities are afforded by this system. Such capabilities include urinary tract pressure monitoring, or other aspects of the urine such as salinity, etc., mentioned above, in homebound and institutionalized elderly. Also included are cases for which bedwetting can be ameliorated or eliminated in children or elderly by behavior modification according to the use and reaction to this monitor system.
- the system also enables urinary tract pressure monitoring, or other aspects of the urine such as salinity, etc., in children while in their natural surroundings. This is accomplished by modifying the sensor to measure these various properties
- the system further provides for the determination of bladder events during normal activities, notification for voiding, and new/improved data for diagnosis and modeling.
- One example of the invention is a frequency and time modulated telemetry system.
- This system has the advantage that signal conditioning is built into the pressure measurement device.
- the sensor can be of a type similar to a Wheatstone Bridge and other types commercially available, such as Motorola sensors, a Piezoresistive Strain
- the invention can include a data dump feature for external high capacity data storage to a computer or other data logger.
- the receiver's internal data capacity may depend upon size and other aspects of available technology.
- the invention can incorporate multi-module memory use for increased storage capacity.
- the pressure measurement signal data is converted to a biphase signal that is time division multiplexed with identification and calibration information pre-set within the pressure measurement device.
- Bi-phase signals are easy to synchronize to because they present an unambiguous transition for every bit. Since the speed of the bi-phase signal is determined from a voltage controlled oscillator divider, the circuit reference clock can be established from outside the body from the telemetric magnetic link carrier frequency.
- Another example of the invention is a phase modulation system which phase modulates the identification information onto a FM carrier. Continuous monitoring of the pressure is an advantage of this system since the pressure signal is not interrupted by the time it would take to send the calibration information (in the above-mentioned time multiplexed case) at the expense of slightly more complexity in the telemeter (i.e., both AM and FM modulation is required).
- the bi-phase signal keeps the average phase constant so there is no effect on the pressure reading because it is independent of calibration phase frequency modulation.
- the calibration and identification values are clocked into memory using an optical communications link as in the first example.
- the pressure measurement device can be coated with a biocompatible coating.
- the self-contained power source of the pressure measurement device can comprise at least one battery.
- the pressure sensor of the pressure measurement device can be a piezoresistive sensor.
- the receiver can include a detector which is a demodulator.
- the receiver can include a power source comprising at least one battery.
- the receiver can include a readout circuit operatively interconnected to an output portion of a scaling amplifier, said readout circuit further operatively interconnected to a discharge portion of a power source, and a readout display operatively interconnected to an output portion of said readout circuit, said readout display further operatively interconnected to said discharge portion of said power source.
- the receiver readout display can be an alphanumeric readout display.
- the pressure measurement device (PMD) of the present invention is described in more detail with reference to the figures.
- Fig. 1 is a cut-away view of the bladder monitor system according to the present invention that illustrates the physical appearance of the invention and how the invention resides within the bladder during in vivo use.
- the PMD of the present invention (1 ) floats or is otherwise constrained within a patient's bladder (2).
- the PMD (1 ) contains a pressure sensor (3), a power source (4) and a telemetry circuit (5).
- An induction coil-antenna (inductor) (6) is wound around the PMD (1 ) prior to applying a biocompatible coating to the capsule (1 ).
- the telemetry circuit (5) transmits pressure data measured by the pressure sensing device (3) to an external receiver (7). Data from the receiver (7) is used in interpreting urinary tract pressure.
- Fig. 2 is an illustration of a circuit (Circuit One) for use in the invention.
- a pressure sensor (8) used in this example is a Piezoresistive Strain Gauge Bridge manufactured by Lucas Nova Sensor. However, other sensors may be used. Pressure changes to the sensor (8) produce changes in the sensor's output voltage.
- the sensor's output voltage is amplified by the Differential Amplifier (9) to provide a voltage input to a Frequency Modulator (10).
- the Modulator (10) shifts the frequency of a Colpitts Oscillator/Transmitter (11).
- a full-scale pressure swing (0-100 mm Hg) produces a +7% shift in the oscillator's frequency.
- the Colpitts Oscillator (11 ) in this case operates at a nominal frequency around 400-450 kHz. Other operating frequencies are easy to obtain by changing the value of the inductor (6). Since the inductor (6) is wound on the PMD (1 ) at the time of manufacture tuning is very easy. Offset Balance resistors (12) are used to zero out ambient pressure or, in other words, to calibrate the sensor (8) to output a signal corresponding to a known reference pressure.
- Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram (Circuit Two) for use in the present invention.
- C represents a capacitor
- Q represents a transistor
- R represents a resistor
- U represents an integrated circuit.
- a pressure sensor (13) used in this example is a Piezoresistive Strain Gauge Bridge manufactured by Lucas Nova Sensor. Pressure changes to the sensor (13) produce changes in the sensor's output voltage.
- the sensor's output voltage is amplified by a Transconductance Amplifier (14) to provide a control current input to a Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) (15).
- PWM Pulse Width Modulator
- U1 produces a fixed period Clock (16) with a 50% duty cycle.
- This scheme reduces the power consumed by the sensor (13), amplifier (14) and PWM (15).
- the sensor (13) and amplifier (14) begin operating and the output of the PWM (15) goes high turning on an Oscillator/Transmitter (17).
- the output of the PWM (15) returns low, shutting off the Oscillator/Transmitter (17) after a time defined by the R3 and C3 determined time constant and the voltage of U2 pin 5.
- the time of oscillator (17) shut off or transmitter pulse width varies.
- the output current of the transconductance amplifier (14) is fed into U2 pin 5.
- Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a receiver for use in the present invention.
- the receiver includes at least one Receiving Antenna-Coil (19) connected to at least one Pre-Amplifier (20).
- the signal from the Pre-Amplifier (20) travels through a Signal Conditioner (21 ) to a Detector/Demodulator (22).
- the electronic signal further travels from the Detector/Demodulator (22) through a Scaling Amplifier (23) and is simultaneously distributed to a Readout (24) and a Data Acquisition/Storage Module (25). All circuits receive power which has first been routed through a Power Conditioner (26).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU31096/00A AU3109600A (en) | 1998-12-04 | 1999-12-03 | Telemetric in vivo bladder monitoring system |
CA002364557A CA2364557A1 (en) | 1998-12-04 | 1999-12-03 | Telemetric in vivo bladder monitoring system |
EP99965111A EP1135060A1 (en) | 1998-12-04 | 1999-12-03 | Telemetric in vivo bladder monitoring system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11089298P | 1998-12-04 | 1998-12-04 | |
US60/110,892 | 1998-12-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000033738A1 WO2000033738A1 (en) | 2000-06-15 |
WO2000033738A9 true WO2000033738A9 (en) | 2001-03-29 |
Family
ID=22335497
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1999/028679 WO2000033738A1 (en) | 1998-12-04 | 1999-12-03 | Telemetric in vivo bladder monitoring system |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6319208B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1135060A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU3109600A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2364557A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000033738A1 (en) |
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FR2778547B1 (en) * | 1998-05-18 | 2000-10-06 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | MEASUREMENT OF ONE OR MORE PHYSICAL PARAMETERS BY A MEDICAL PROBE |
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US7474911B2 (en) * | 2005-06-07 | 2009-01-06 | Solulearn Learning Solutions Ltd. | System and method for monitoring the volume of urine within a bladder |
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US7412899B2 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2008-08-19 | International Electronic Machines Corporation | MEMS-based monitoring |
JP4755890B2 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2011-08-24 | 佳彦 平尾 | Measuring device and measuring system |
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-
1999
- 1999-12-03 EP EP99965111A patent/EP1135060A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-12-03 WO PCT/US1999/028679 patent/WO2000033738A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-03 AU AU31096/00A patent/AU3109600A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-03 CA CA002364557A patent/CA2364557A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-03 US US09/454,091 patent/US6319208B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6319208B1 (en) | 2001-11-20 |
WO2000033738A1 (en) | 2000-06-15 |
EP1135060A1 (en) | 2001-09-26 |
AU3109600A (en) | 2000-06-26 |
CA2364557A1 (en) | 2000-06-15 |
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