WO2000064158A1 - Circuit de traitement d'image - Google Patents
Circuit de traitement d'image Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000064158A1 WO2000064158A1 PCT/JP2000/002565 JP0002565W WO0064158A1 WO 2000064158 A1 WO2000064158 A1 WO 2000064158A1 JP 0002565 W JP0002565 W JP 0002565W WO 0064158 A1 WO0064158 A1 WO 0064158A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T3/00—Geometric image transformation in the plane of the image
- G06T3/40—Scaling the whole image or part thereof
- G06T3/4007—Interpolation-based scaling, e.g. bilinear interpolation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T1/20—Processor architectures; Processor configuration, e.g. pipelining
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/14—Picture signal circuitry for video frequency region
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
- H04N7/0117—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving conversion of the spatial resolution of the incoming video signal
- H04N7/012—Conversion between an interlaced and a progressive signal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
- H04N7/0135—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving interpolation processes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2340/00—Aspects of display data processing
- G09G2340/04—Changes in size, position or resolution of an image
- G09G2340/0407—Resolution change, inclusive of the use of different resolutions for different screen areas
- G09G2340/0414—Vertical resolution change
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2340/00—Aspects of display data processing
- G09G2340/04—Changes in size, position or resolution of an image
- G09G2340/0407—Resolution change, inclusive of the use of different resolutions for different screen areas
- G09G2340/0421—Horizontal resolution change
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image processing circuit that increases the resolution by increasing the number of pixels constituting a display screen by interpolation processing. Background technique
- the current video signal of the NTSSC system performs a 2: 1 interless scan, so that the vertical resolution is about 300 lines.
- the number of CRT scanning lines used in a general television receiver is 525, and the resolution is reduced by interless scanning.
- the number of pixels in the vertical direction is obtained by field interpolation using a field buffer. It is known to increase the resolution in the vertical direction by increasing scanning and making scanning non-interactive.
- Some CRTs used in high-definition television receivers have a horizontal pixel count that is about twice as large as that of a normal television receiver CRT. It is known to increase the resolution in the horizontal direction by increasing the resolution twice by interpolation.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an image processing circuit capable of increasing the processing speed and increasing the horizontal resolution and the vertical resolution with a simple circuit configuration. To provide.
- the image processing circuit of the present invention performs the interpolation processing based on the pixel values of the pixels regularly arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, so that the number of pixels in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be substantially reduced.
- Pixel value extraction means for extracting a total of nine pixel values of three pixels in each of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction in order to perform double conversion, and the nine pixels output from the pixel value extraction means On the straight line connecting the central pixel arranged at the center of the nine pixels and each of the four peripheral pixels arranged diagonally to the central pixel, based on the pixel value of Pixel value calculation means for calculating the pixel values of four new generated pixels corresponding to one-fourth of the distance to the four neighboring pixels.
- the image processing circuit of the present invention converts the number of scanning lines corresponding to the input signal and the number of pixels in the scanning line direction to approximately twice, so that the pixel values of the pixels included in the scanning lines are used for the scanning.
- the pixel values are input in a predetermined order corresponding to the scanning direction of the line, and 3 pixels in each of the horizontal direction along the scanning line and the vertical direction in which the adjacent scanning lines are arranged, a total of 9 pixel values, Pixel value extracting means for extracting from the pixel values of a plurality of pixels constituting the three scanning lines, and the nine pixel values based on the nine pixel values extracted by the pixel value extracting means.
- a straight line connecting the central pixel arranged at the center and each of the four peripheral pixels arranged diagonally to the central pixel, and the distance between the central pixel and each of the four peripheral pixels is Corresponding to a quarter position Pixel value calculation means for calculating the pixel values of the four new generated pixels; and the plurality of generated pixels for which the pixel values have been calculated by the pixel value calculation means, for one scanning line corresponding to the input signal. And pixel value output means for sequentially arranging the pixel values of the generated pixels corresponding to each column in column units in two rows along the horizontal direction.
- the image processing circuit of the present invention four new generated pixels are generated around the center pixel based on the pixel values of the nine pixels, and this generation processing is performed in order of the center pixel in the scanning direction.
- This generation processing is performed in order of the center pixel in the scanning direction.
- the number of pixels can be almost doubled.
- the processing and the circuit scale for performing the processing can be simplified and the processing can be sped up.
- the above-described pixel value extracting means may further include a pixel value of a first pixel input at a predetermined timing, and a pixel value of a second pixel delayed by one pixel with respect to the output timing of the first pixel.
- the above-described pixel value calculation means sets a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i according to the input order of the pixel values of the nine pixels including the center pixel, and N is an integer of 3 or more. Then, the pixel values A1, A2, A3, A4 of the four generated pixels newly generated around the center pixel are
- the pixel value of a pixel located at a position closer than the adjacent pixel interval is considered in the direction of addition. It is preferable that the pixel value of a pixel located at a position farther than that is considered in the direction of subtraction. Therefore, for 9 pixels arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns, let a to i be the pixel values of each pixel viewed from the upper left in the horizontal direction.For example, consider the pixel value of a new pixel generated at the upper left of the center pixel.
- the pixel value e of the central pixel has the greatest influence, and the pixel values a, b, and d of the three pixels located next to the nearest pixel are considered on the plus side, and the pixel value c of the remaining five pixels , F, g, h, and i are considered on the negative side, so that the value of A 1 described above is obtained.
- the pixel value extracting means described above calculates pixel values A 1, A 2, A 3, and A 4 of the four newly generated pixels when M is an integer of 2 or more.
- Al ⁇ Me + (a + b + d)-(f + h + i) ⁇ / M,
- A2 ⁇ Me + (b + c + f)-(d + g + h) ⁇ / M
- A3 ⁇ Me + (d + g + h) one (b + c + f) ⁇ / M,
- a 4 ⁇ Me + (f + h + i)-(a + b + d) ⁇ / M
- the pixel value of any newly generated pixel is substantially perpendicular to this direction because the change in pixel value along the direction connecting this pixel and the above-mentioned center pixel is largely reflected. Even if the effect of the pixel values of the two pixels is ignored, it is considered that the effect is not so large. Therefore, for 9 pixels arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns, let the pixel values of each pixel seen from the upper left in the horizontal direction be a to i, for example, consider the pixel value of a new pixel generated at the upper left of the center pixel.
- the pixel value e of the central pixel has the greatest influence, and the pixel values a, b, and d of the three pixels located next to the nearest pixel are considered on the plus side, and the pixel values of the other three pixels : f, h, i are considered on the negative side, and the pixel values c, g of the remaining two pixels are not considered. This is the value of A 1 described above.
- the pixel value extracting means described above calculates pixel values A 1, A 2, A 3, and A 4 of the four newly generated pixels when L is an integer of 2 or more.
- a 1 ⁇ Le + 2b + 2 d- (c + f + g + h) ⁇ / L,
- a 2 ⁇ Le + 2 b + 2 f-(a + d + h + i) ⁇ / L
- A3 ⁇ L e + 2 d + 2 h- (a + b + f + i) ⁇ / L,
- A4 ⁇ L e + 2 f + 2 h- (b + c + d + g) ⁇ / L
- the pixel value of any newly generated pixel is to be strictly determined using a sampling function, the pixel value of the pixel arranged at an integer multiple of the adjacent pixel interval of the nine pixels described above will be Can be considered to have little effect. Therefore, for 9 pixels arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns, let the pixel values of each pixel seen from the upper left in the horizontal direction be a to i.For example, consider the pixel value of a new pixel generated at the upper left of the center pixel. , The effect of the pixel values of the two pixels located at the upper left and lower right of the 9 pixels can be neglected, and the other pixels depend on the distance from the pixel to be generated to each pixel.
- the predetermined weighting is performed, and the result is the value of A1 described above. In this way, it is possible to obtain a pixel value that reflects a strict operation result when the sampling function is used. It is desirable that the value of L is set to 10.
- the weighting coefficient for each pixel value a to i is calculated by using the sampling function and N is a value close to 10, Negative values using the sampling function can be obtained by making such a setting. It is possible to obtain a pixel value that reflects the operation result.
- the above-described pixel value output means may be arranged so that the one of the scans not including the center pixel First scanning line generating means for storing and outputting the pixel values of the two generated pixels corresponding to the pixels included in the line in the arrangement order along the scanning line, and the other scanning line generating means not including the center pixel
- a second scanning line generating means for storing and outputting pixel values of two generated pixels corresponding to the pixels included in the scanning line in an arrangement order along the scanning line;
- Output pixel value selection operation in which the first scanning line generating means and the second scanning line generating means alternately output the continuous pixel value for one scanning line by the second scanning line generating means.
- each pixel value corresponding to each column is output.
- the input signal can be stored in one scanning line.
- two new scan lines can be generated, and the number of scan lines can be almost doubled.
- FIG. 1 shows the relationship between each pixel included in three scanning lines to be processed in the image processing circuit of the first embodiment and four new pixels generated based on each of these pixels.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an image processing circuit according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a pixel value extraction unit included in the image processing circuit shown in FIG. 2,
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a pixel value calculation unit included in the image processing circuit shown in FIG. 2,
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a pixel value output unit included in the image processing circuit shown in FIG. 2,
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of a pixel value calculation unit according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a sampling function used in the third embodiment
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a case where a pixel value of a newly generated pixel Q1 is subjected to a convolution operation using each pixel value of nine pixels P1 to P9
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of a pixel value calculation unit according to the third embodiment.
- This image processing circuit is built in, for example, a television receiver, and reduces the number of scanning lines corresponding to input (received) NTSC signals and the number of pixels along each of these scanning lines. Perform processing to convert to 2 times.
- FIG. 1 shows the relationship between each pixel included in three scanning lines to be processed in the image processing circuit of the first embodiment and four new pixels generated based on each of these pixels.
- FIG. The horizontal direction shown in Fig. 1 is the direction along each scanning line corresponding to the input signal, and each scanning line of the interless scanning (interlaced scanning) performed in a terrestrial broadcasting television receiver or the like. Each pixel along is marked with “Hata”. Further, “ ⁇ ” indicates the arrangement of each pixel on the original scanning line and the pixel newly generated by the interpolation processing based on these pixel values.
- a new pixel generated on a straight line connecting the central pixel P5 and the lower right pixel P1 at a quarter of the distance from the central pixel P5 to the pixel P1 is represented by Q 1.
- a new pixel generated on a straight line connecting the central pixel P5 and the lower left pixel P3 at a quarter of the distance from the central pixel P5 to the pixel P3 is Q2
- a new pixel generated on a straight line connecting the center pixel P5 and the pixel P7 on the upper right thereof and at a quarter of the distance from the center pixel P5 to the pixel P7 is Q3
- the center pixel A new pixel generated on a straight line connecting P5 and the upper left pixel P9 at a quarter of the distance from the center pixel P5 to the pixel P9 is defined as Q4.
- the pixel values of four pixels Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 newly generated near the center pixel P5 are most affected by the closest center pixel P5.
- the interval between adjacent pixels for example, the interval between pixels P5 and P4 or the interval between pixels P3 and P2 is considered. It is preferable that the pixel value of a pixel located closer to the pixel is considered in the direction of addition, and the pixel value of a pixel located farther than the distance between adjacent pixels be considered in the direction of subtraction.
- the pixel value A1 of the new pixel Q1 located at the lower right of the center pixel P5 has the largest effect, and the three pixels located next to each other
- the pixel values &, b, and d of pixels P1, P2, and k4 are considered on the plus side, and the pixel values c, f of the remaining five pixels P3, P6, P7, P8, and P9 , G, h, and i are considered on the negative side. Therefore, the pixel value A 1 of the pixel Q 1 is as follows.
- a 1 ⁇ 10 e + (a + b + d) — (c + f + g + h + i) ⁇ / 8 ... (1) If N is an integer of 3 or more, pixel value A1 of pixel Q1 Is
- pixel values A 2, A 3, and A 4 of three newly generated pixels Q 2, Q 3, and Q 4 around the center pixel P 5 are:
- a 2 ⁇ N e + (b + c + f)-(a + d + g + h + i) ⁇ / (N- 2)
- A3 (N e + (d + g + h)-(a + b + c + f + i) ⁇ / (N— 2)
- a 4 ⁇ N e + (f + h + i) — (a + b + c + d + g) ⁇ / (N— 2)
- a 2 ⁇ 10 e + (b + c + f)-(a + d + g + h + i) ⁇ / 8...
- a 3 ⁇ 10 e + (d + g + h) one (a + b + c + f + i) ⁇ / 8...
- a 4 ⁇ 10 e + (f + h + i)-(a + b + c + d + g) ⁇ / 8... (4) An expression is obtained.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the image processing circuit of the present embodiment. This embodiment shown in Fig. 2
- the image processing circuit according to the embodiment includes a pixel value extracting unit 100, a pixel value calculating unit 200, and a pixel value output unit 300.
- the pixel value extraction unit 100 extracts nine pixel values a to i shown in FIG. 1 from the pixel values of each pixel included in three adjacent scanning lines included in the input signal. For example, when an RGB signal is considered as an input signal, an image processing circuit shown in FIG. 2 is provided corresponding to each of the R, G, and B color components. Then, for the input R signal (or G signal or B signal), the pixel values of the nine pixels described above are extracted. Note that an input signal other than the RGB signal may be used, and the above-described pixel values of nine pixels may be extracted based on the input luminance signal.
- the pixel value calculation unit 200 is configured to generate a new 4 pixel located around the central pixel P 5 shown in FIG. 1 based on the pixel values a to i of 9 pixels output from the pixel value extraction unit 100.
- the pixel values A1 to A4 of the pixels Q1 to Q4 are calculated, and these four pixel values are output in parallel.
- the pixel value output unit 300 receives the pixel values A1 to A4 of the four pixels Q1 to Q4 output from the pixel value calculation unit 200, and converts them into new values. Store and output for each scanning line. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, focusing on four pixels Q1 to Q4 generated around the pixel P5, the pixels Q1 and Q2 are newly generated in the first scan line. The pixels Q3 and Q4 are stored to correspond to the newly generated second scan line. By performing such processing on one scan line including the pixel P5, two new scan lines can be generated in correspondence with one scan line included in the input signal. Moreover, the number of pixels included in each of the two newly generated scanning lines is almost twice the number of pixels included in the original scanning line.
- the above-described pixel value extraction unit 100 corresponds to pixel value extraction means
- the pixel value calculation unit 200 corresponds to pixel value calculation means
- the pixel value output unit 300 corresponds to pixel value output means.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a pixel value extracting unit 100 included in the image processing circuit shown in FIG.
- the pixel value extraction unit 100 is composed of six D-type flip-flops (hereinafter referred to as “D-FF”) 110 to 115 and two line memories 120. , 1 2 1 and is comprised.
- D-FF D-type flip-flops
- the pixel value extraction unit 100 converts the pixel value of each pixel included in the scanning line corresponding to the input signal into a predetermined number of bits (pixel value data) as a clock corresponding to a predetermined sampling frequency. Input in synchronization with signal CK1.
- the input pixel value data is divided into two cascade-connected D-FFs 110, 111, a cascade-connected line memory 120 and two D-FFs 112, 113. Entered.
- the pixel value data of each pixel output from the line memory 120 is input to the cascade-connected line memory 121 and D-FFs 114 and 115.
- Each of the line memories 120 and 121 is a first-in first-out memory that stores the pixel value of each pixel in the order of input corresponding to one scanning line of the input signal, and stores the pixel value data of each input pixel in one scanning line. Output at the timing delayed by minutes.
- the pixel value data (pixel value h) of the pixel P8 input first is output from D-FF 110, and the pixel value data (pixel value g) of the pixel P7 input two pixels ahead is obtained.
- the pixel value data (pixel value: f) of the pixel P6 input one scan line ahead is output from the line memory 120, and the pixel value data of the central pixel P5 input one scan line and one pixel ahead is output.
- the pixel value data (pixel value e) is output from D-FF 1 12 and the pixel value data (pixel value d) of pixel P 4 input one scan line and two pixels ahead is output from D-FF 113. Is output. Further, the pixel value data (pixel value c) of the pixel P3 input two scan lines ahead is output from the line memory 121, and the pixel value of the pixel P2 input two scan lines ahead and one pixel ahead The data (pixel value b) is output from D-FF 1 14 and the pixel value data (pixel value a) of pixel P 1 input two scan lines and two pixels ahead is output from D-FF 1 15 . In this way, the pixel value extraction unit 100 outputs the pixel value data corresponding to the nine pixels P1 to P9 shown in FIG. 1 in parallel.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the pixel value calculation unit 200 included in the image processing circuit illustrated in FIG.
- the pixel value calculation unit 200 includes 14 adders 130 to 143, 8 subtractors 150 to 157, a multiplier 160 for multiplying 10 times, and a divisor of 8 for the input value. Divide by four divided units 170-173 It is comprised including.
- a pixel value calculation unit for calculating each of the pixel values A 1 to A 4 of the four pixels Q 1 to Q 4 using each of the expressions (1) to (4) described above.
- the arithmetic processing of the pixel value A1 is performed by using adders 130, 132, 134, 137, 138, 142 and subtractors 150, 154. Specifically, two adders 1
- the three pixel values a, b, and d are added by 30, and 34, and the three pixel values f, h, and i are added by the other two adders 1 32, 137, and the other one Adder for 1
- the pixel value A 1 shown in the equation (1) is calculated, and the calculation result is output from the divider 1 ⁇ 0 c.
- the calculation processing of the pixel value A 2 is performed by the adders 13 1, 13 3, This is performed using 1 35, 1 36, 1 39, 1 43 and subtractors 15 1, 15 5. Specifically, three pixel values b, c, and f are added by two adders 13 1 and 13 5, and 3 are added by the other two adders 13 3 and 1 36.
- the pixel values d, g, and h are added, and the other one adder 143 adds the two pixel values a, i. Then, by inputting these three addition results to the two subtractors 15 1 and 15 5 respectively, the output value (b + c + f ) Is subtracted from the sum (a + d + g + h + i) of the addition results output from the adders 1336 and 143, and the result is output from the subsequent subtractor 1555.
- the pixel value A2 shown in equation (2) is calculated, and this calculation result is output from the divider 1 ⁇ 1. Is done.
- the arithmetic processing of the pixel value A3 is performed using adders 131, 133, 135, 136, 140, 143 and subtracters 152, 156. Specifically, three pixel values d, g, and h are added by two adders 133 and 136, and three pixel values are added by the other two adders 131 and 135. b, c, and f are added, and two pixel values a and i are added by another adder 143. Then, by inputting these three addition results to the two subtractors 152 and 156, respectively, the output value (d + g + h), which is the addition result output from the adder 136, is obtained.
- the pixel value A3 shown in Expression (3) is calculated, and the calculation result is output from the divider 172.
- the arithmetic processing of the pixel value A4 is performed using adders 130, 132, 134, 137, 141, 142 and subtracters 153, 157. Specifically, three pixel values f, h, and i are added by two adders 1 32 and 137, and three pixel values a and 3 are added by the other two adders 130 and 134. b and d are added, and two pixel values c and g are added by another adder 142.
- the output value (f + h + i), which is the addition result output from the adder 137, is The result obtained by subtracting the value (a + b + c + d + g) obtained by adding the respective addition results output from the adders 134 and 142 is output from the subsequent-stage subtractor 157. Accordingly, by adding the multiplication result (10 e) of the multiplier 160 to the output value by the adder 141, the addition result ⁇ 10e + (f + h + i) — (a + b + c + d + g) ⁇ is output. Further, by performing a division process with a divisor of 8 by a divider 173 connected in the subsequent stage,
- the pixel value A4 shown in the equation (4) is calculated, and the calculation result is output from the divider 173. As described above, except that the pixel value e of the center pixel P5 is multiplied by 10, the pixel value of each pixel is simply added or subtracted, so that the processing content can be simplified and the processing speed can be increased. And the circuit can be simplified.
- the pixel value calculation unit 200 shown in FIG. 4 includes four dividers 170 to 173 to divide the sum output from the corresponding adder by a divisor of 8
- these dividers 170 to 173 are wired by a 3-bit bit shift circuit, that is, the output lines of the adders 138 to 141 are shifted by 3 bits. It can be realized just by doing.
- CTR cathode ray tube
- the divider Since the operation equivalent to the division processing by 170 to 173 can be performed, the four dividers 170 to 173 are removed from the pixel value calculation unit 200 shown in FIG. You may do it.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a pixel value output unit 300 included in the image processing circuit shown in FIG.
- the pixel value output unit 300 is composed of three selectors 210 to 212, two frequency dividers 220, 221, and two D-FFs. It is configured to include 230, 231, and three line memories 240 to 242. Selector 210, frequency divider 220, D—FF 230, line memory 240 is used as the first scan line generation means, selector 211, frequency divider 221, D-FF
- the 23K line memories 24 1 and 24 2 correspond to the second scanning line generating means, and the selector 21 22 corresponds to the output pixel value selecting means.
- the selector 210 alternately selects and outputs pixel value data corresponding to the pixel values A 1 and A 2 that are simultaneously input from the pixel value calculation unit 200.
- the timing of this selection is set by a signal output from the frequency divider 220.
- the frequency divider 220 has a clock signal CK 2 having a frequency twice as high as the clock signal CK 1 corresponding to the sampling frequency of each pixel data input to the pixel value extraction unit 100 shown in FIG. Is input and a signal obtained by dividing the frequency by 2 is output. Therefore, the selector 210, whose selection state is determined by the signal obtained by dividing the clock signal CK2 by two, sets the pixel value A to the pixel value extraction unit 100 at an interval of half the input interval of each pixel value data.
- Each pixel value data of A2 is output alternately.
- the pixel value data corresponding to the pixel value A1 and the pixel value data corresponding to the pixel value A2 which are alternately output are temporarily stored in the D-FF 230 and then input to the line memory 240.
- the line memory 240 is a first-in first-out memory that stores pixel values for one scanning line corresponding to the first scanning line including the pixels Q1 and Q2 shown in FIG. 1 in the order of input, and is input from the D-FF 230.
- the pixel value of each pixel is stored for one scanning line.
- the line memory 240 performs a write operation of pixel value data in synchronization with the input of the write clock signal WCK, and performs a write operation of the pixel value data in synchronization with the input of the read clock signal RCK. Reading operation of value data is being performed.
- the write clock signal WCK has the same frequency as the above-described clock signal CK2, and is input to the line memory 240 during the entire period in which the pixel value data is output from the D-: FF 230.
- the lead clock signal RCK has the same frequency as the clock signal CK3 which has twice the frequency of the clock signal CK2, and the line memory 240 receives the read clock signal RCK.
- the pixel value data is output at twice the reading speed of the pixel value data writing speed. Further, the read clock signal RCK is input only for about half the period during which the write clock signal WCK is input, so that the pixel value data stored in the line memory 240 does not underflow. ing.
- the selector 2 11 alternately selects and outputs pixel value data corresponding to the pixel values A3 and A4 input simultaneously from the pixel value calculation unit 200.
- the selection state of the selector 2 1 1 is set by a signal obtained by dividing the clock signal CK 2 by two, and the pixel values A 3 and A 3 are set at half the input interval of each pixel value data to the pixel value extraction unit 100.
- Each pixel value of 4 is output alternately.
- the pixel value data corresponding to the pixel value A 3 and the pixel value data corresponding to the pixel value A 4 which are alternately output are temporarily stored in the D-FF 231 and then input to the line memory 241. .
- the line memory 241 is a first-in first-out memory that stores pixel values for one scanning line corresponding to the second scanning line including the pixels Q 3 and Q 4 shown in FIG.
- the pixel value data of each input pixel is stored for one scanning line.
- a line memory 242 having the same capacity is connected to a stage subsequent to the line memory 24 1.
- the line memory 2 41 in the preceding stage is used to delay the input pixel data by one scanning line, and both the write clock signal WCK and the read clock signal RCK are the same as the clock signal CK 2.
- the frequency is set.
- the subsequent line memory 242 is used for the same purpose as the line memory 240 described above, and writes pixel values in synchronization with the write clock signal WCK having the same frequency as the clock signal CK2. Operation and the same frequency of the clock signal CK3 which has twice the frequency of the clock signal CK2, and the input period is about half of the write clock signal WCK. A read operation is being performed.
- the input period of the read clock signal RCK to each of the line memory 240 corresponding to the first scanning line and the line memory 240 corresponding to the second scanning line is alternately performed for each scanning line.
- the pixel value data corresponding to the second scanning line is output.
- Each pixel value of the pixels Q 3 and Q 4 is output from the line memory 242 for one scanning line.
- the selector 2 12 provided after the two line memories 24 0 and 24 2 switches the selection state every time the horizontal synchronizing signal H is input, and is output from the line memory 24 0
- the output of the pixel value data for one scanning line and the output of the pixel value data for one scanning line output from the line memory 242 are alternately performed.
- Pixel value output unit 300 input pixel value data for one scanning line to the pixel value extraction unit 100, the number of constituent pixels almost doubled. Pixel value data for two scanning lines corresponding to each of the new first scanning line and new scanning line can be output in the new scanning order. Also, for example, the positions of the pixels Q1 to Q4 newly generated using the pixel value data input corresponding to the odd fields in the case where the interlaced scanning is performed and the even fields correspond to the positions of the pixels Q1 to Q4.
- nine pixels P are calculated in order to calculate the pixel values A 1 to A 4 of the four pixels Q 1 to Q 4 located around the center pixel P 5 shown in FIG.
- the circuit value is eliminated by excluding the pixel values of the pixels that are considered to have a small effect when calculating the pixel values A 1 to A 4 Can be simplified.
- Each of the pixel values A1 to A4 of the four newly generated pixels Q1 to Q4 has a large pixel value change along the direction connecting each of the pixels Q1 to Q4 and the central pixel P5. Therefore, even if the effect of the pixel values of the two pixels existing in a direction almost perpendicular to this direction is ignored, it is considered that the effect is not so large.
- the pixel value A 1 of the pixel Q 1 when considering the pixel value A 1 of the pixel Q 1 located at the lower right of the central pixel P 5, the pixel value c of the pixel P 3 located at the lower left of the central pixel P 5 and the pixel value c located at the upper right
- the pixel value g of the pixel P7 is excluded from the calculation. Therefore, the pixel value A 1 of the pixel Q 1 is as follows.
- a l ⁇ 8 e + (a + b + d)-(f + h + i) ⁇ / 8-(5) If M is an integer of 2 or more, the pixel value A 1 of the pixel Q 1 is
- pixel values A 2, A 3, and A 4 of three newly generated pixels Q 2, Q 3, and Q 4 around the center pixel P 5 are:
- A4 ⁇ Me + (f + h + i) one (a + b + d) ⁇ / M
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the pixel value calculation unit 200a of the present embodiment. Note that the pixel value extraction unit 100 connected before the pixel value calculation unit 200a and the pixel value output unit 300 connected after are the same as those included in the image processing circuit of the first embodiment. Therefore, only the pixel value calculation unit 200a will be described.
- the pixel value calculator 200a of the present embodiment performs an eight-fold multiplication with 12 adders 130 to 141 and four subtracters 150 to 153. It is configured to include a multiplier 160a and four dividers 170 to 173 for performing a division process of dividing an input value by a divisor of 8. This pixel value calculation unit 200a is different from the pixel value calculation unit 200 shown in FIG.
- the arithmetic processing of the pixel value A1 is performed using adders 130, 132, 134, 137, 138 and a subtractor 150. Specifically, three pixel values a, b, and d are added by two adders 130 and 134, and three pixel values are added by the other two adders 1 32 and 137. Values: f, h, i are added. Then, by inputting these two addition results to the subtractor 150, the output value (a + b + d), which is the addition result output from the adder 134, is output from the adder 137. The result of subtracting the output value (f + h + i) that is the result of the addition is output.
- the calorie calculation result (8 e + (a + b + d) 1 (f + h + i) ⁇ is output, and
- the pixel value A 1 shown in Expression (5) is calculated, and the calculation result is output from the divider 170.
- the arithmetic processing of the pixel value A 2 is performed by the adders 13 1, 133, 135, 136, 1
- the pixel value A 2 shown in the equation (6) is calculated, and the calculation result is output from the divider 17 1.
- the arithmetic processing of the pixel value A 3 is performed by the adders 131, 133, 135, 136, 1
- ⁇ 8 e + (d + g + h) 1 (b + c + f) ⁇ is output, and a divider 172 connected at the subsequent stage performs a division process with a divisor of 8 to obtain the equation (7).
- the pixel value A3 is calculated, and the calculation result is output from the divider 172.
- the arithmetic processing of the pixel value A4 is performed using the adders 130, 132, 134, 137, and 141 and the subtractor 153. Specifically, three pixel values f, h, and i are added by two adders 1 32 and 1 3 7, and three pixel values a and 3 are added by the other two adders 130 and 13 4. b and d are added. And the addition of these two By inputting the result to the subtractor 153, the output value (f + h + i) output from the adder 137 and the output value (a + b + d) The result of subtracting is output.
- the pixel value A4 shown in Expression (8) is calculated, and the calculation result is output from the divider 173.
- the pixel value e of the center pixel P5 is multiplied by 8
- the pixel value of each pixel is simply added or subtracted, and the adder and the subtractor are different from the configuration shown in FIG. Since the number of devices can be reduced, the processing content can be simplified, and the processing can be further speeded up and the circuit can be simplified.
- the pixel value e of the central pixel P5 is set to a weighting coefficient of 2 or more (10 in equation (1) and 8) in equation (5), and the pixel values of the other pixels are appropriately added or subtracted.
- the degree of influence of each pixel value a to i of the nine pixels P 1 to P 9 may be calculated by using a sampling function to obtain an accurate coefficient value.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a sampling function used in the present embodiment.
- sampling function H (t) that satisfies the various conditions described above (sampling function, one-time differentiable, finite table), assuming that the third-order B-spline function is F (t),
- H (t) -F (t + 1/2) / 4 + F (t)-F (t-1/2) / 4
- F (t)-F (t-1/2) / 4 Can be defined as
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a case where a pixel value of a newly generated pixel Q1 is subjected to a convolution operation using each pixel value of nine pixels P1 to P9.
- the interval between two adjacent pixels on the scanning line is normalized to be 1
- the pixel value A 1 of the pixel Q 1 is as follows.
- a 1 ⁇ Le + 2 b + 2 d- (c + f + g + h) ⁇ / L
- the calculation may be performed using
- pixel values A 2, A 3, and A 4 of three newly generated pixels Q 2, Q 3, and Q 4 around the center pixel P 5 are:
- a 2 ⁇ Le + 2 b + 2 f-(a + d + h + i) ⁇ / L
- a 3 ⁇ L e + 2 d + 2 h- (a + b + f + i) ⁇ / L
- A4 ⁇ L e + 2 f + 2 h- (b + c + d + g) ⁇ / L
- A2 ⁇ 10 e + 2 b + 2 f-(a + d + h + i) ⁇ / 10... (10)
- A3 ⁇ 10 e + 2 d + 2h- (a + b + f + i) ⁇ / 10-(11)
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the pixel value calculation unit 200b of the present embodiment. Note that the pixel value extraction unit 100 connected to the previous stage of the pixel value calculation unit 20 Ob and the pixel value output unit 300 connected to the subsequent stage are the same as those included in the first embodiment. Only the value calculation unit 200b will be described.
- the pixel value calculation unit 200b of the present embodiment includes fourteen adders 330 to 343, four subtractors 350 to 353, and four multiplications that perform double multiplication. And a multiplier 364 for multiplying by a factor of 10, and four dividers 370 to 373 for performing a division process of dividing the input value by a divisor of 10.
- the four multipliers 360 to 363 can be realized by shifting the wiring by one bit.
- the pixel value calculation unit 200 b for calculating each pixel value A 1 to A 4 of the four pixels Q 1 to Q 4 by using each of the expressions (9) to (12) described above The operation of is described for each pixel.
- the arithmetic processing of the pixel value A1 is performed using adders 331, 334, 335, 336, a subtractor 350, and a multiplier 360. Specifically, the two pixel values b and d are added by the adder 331, and the result of the addition is doubled by the multiplier 360. Further, by using the three adders 334, 335 and 336, four pixel values c, f g and h are added. Then, by inputting the multiplication result of the multiplier 360 and the addition result of the adder 336 to the subtractor 350, the output value (2b + 2d), which is the multiplication result output from the multiplier 360, is added.
- the arithmetic processing of the pixel value A2 is performed using the adders 330, 332, 333, 337, the subtracter 351, and the multiplier 361.
- adder 333 Therefore, the two pixel values b and f are added, and the result of the addition is doubled by the multiplier 361.
- four pixel values a, d, h, and i are added.
- the addition value is obtained from the output value (2 b + 2 f) which is the multiplication result output from the multiplier 361.
- the result obtained by subtracting the output value (a + d + h + i) that is the addition result output from the unit 337 is output. Therefore, by adding the multiplication result (10 e) of the multiplier 364 to the output value by the adder 341, the addition result (10 e + 2b + 2 f _ (a + d + h + i) ⁇ Is output. Further, the pixel value A2 shown in the equation (10) is calculated by performing a division process with a divisor of 10 by a divider 371 connected at a subsequent stage, and the calculation result is output from the divider 371. You.
- the arithmetic processing of the pixel value A3 is performed using the adders 330, 332, 333, 338, the subtractor 352, and the multiplier 362. Specifically, the two pixel values d and h are added by the adder 332, and the result of the addition is doubled by the multiplier 362. Also, four pixel values a, b, f, and i are added by using three adders 330, 333, and 338. Then, by inputting the multiplication result of the multiplier 362 and the addition result of the adder 338 to the subtractor 352, the output value (2d + 2h), which is the multiplication result output from the multiplier 362, is added.
- the arithmetic processing of the pixel value A4 is performed using adders 331, 334, 335, 339, a subtractor 353, and a multiplier 363. Specifically, two pixel values are calculated by the adder 335:? , H are added, and the result of the addition is doubled by the multiplier 363. Also, four pixel values b, c, d, and g are added by using three adders 331, 334, and 339. Then, the multiplication result of the multiplier 363 and the adder 3 By inputting the result of addition by 39 to the subtractor 353, the output value (2f + 2h), which is the multiplication result output from the multiplier 363, is output from the adder 339.
- the result of subtracting the output value (b + c + d + g) that is the result of the addition is output. Therefore, by adding the multiplication result (10 e) of the multiplier 36 4 to this output value by the adder 3 43, the addition result ⁇ 10 e + 2 f + 2 h— (b + c + d + g) ⁇ , and the divider 37 7 connected at the subsequent stage performs the division process with the divisor 10 to calculate the pixel value A 4 shown in the equation (1 2). The operation result is output from the divider 373.
- the present invention four new generated pixels are generated around the central pixel based on the pixel values of the nine pixels. In this way, the number of pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions can be almost doubled. In particular, when generating four new pixels around the center pixel, only the pixel values of nine pixels including the center pixel are used, so the number of pixels to be processed is small, and the pixel generation ( Pixel value calculation) The processing and the circuit scale for performing the processing can be simplified and the processing can be sped up.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/913,173 US7034885B1 (en) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-04-20 | Image processing circuit |
EP00919139A EP1176823A4 (en) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-04-20 | IMAGE PROCESSING CIRCUIT |
HK02104567.3A HK1043271B (zh) | 1999-04-20 | 2002-06-19 | 圖像處理電路 |
US11/334,224 US20060114354A1 (en) | 1999-04-20 | 2006-01-16 | Image processing circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP11112903A JP2000308021A (ja) | 1999-04-20 | 1999-04-20 | 画像処理回路 |
JP11/112903 | 1999-04-20 |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US11/334,224 Division US20060114354A1 (en) | 1999-04-20 | 2006-01-16 | Image processing circuit |
Publications (1)
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WO2000064158A1 true WO2000064158A1 (fr) | 2000-10-26 |
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PCT/JP2000/002565 WO2000064158A1 (fr) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-04-20 | Circuit de traitement d'image |
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US (2) | US7034885B1 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1890491A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2000308021A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100424951B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1227903C (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1043271B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000064158A1 (ja) |
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JP2000308021A (ja) * | 1999-04-20 | 2000-11-02 | Niigata Seimitsu Kk | 画像処理回路 |
DE10200990A1 (de) * | 2002-01-14 | 2003-08-14 | Broadcasttelevision Systems Me | Verfahren zur Speicherung von Videosignalen |
JP2004349737A (ja) * | 2003-05-13 | 2004-12-09 | Neuro Solution Corp | 画像処理装置 |
US7319797B2 (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2008-01-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Adaptive filters and apparatus, methods, and systems for image processing |
JP2006308971A (ja) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Toshiba Corp | 情報処理装置および画像処理回路 |
TWI336595B (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2011-01-21 | Mstar Semiconductor Inc | Noise reduction method |
US7701509B2 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2010-04-20 | Nokia Corporation | Motion compensated video spatial up-conversion |
CN102187664B (zh) | 2008-09-04 | 2014-08-20 | 独立行政法人科学技术振兴机构 | 影像信号变换系统 |
JP4823290B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-06 | 2011-11-24 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | 画像編集装置 |
JP5353560B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-25 | 2013-11-27 | 富士通株式会社 | 画像処理回路および画像符号化装置 |
EP2631871B1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2015-07-01 | ST-Ericsson SA | Virtual image generation |
US9241128B2 (en) | 2013-02-14 | 2016-01-19 | Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. | Video conversion technology |
CN107431750B (zh) * | 2015-03-18 | 2020-06-30 | 索尼公司 | 图像处理装置、图像处理方法和图像拍摄装置 |
EP4052216A1 (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2022-09-07 | intoPIX s.a. | Image processor |
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JP2577748B2 (ja) * | 1986-12-01 | 1997-02-05 | サカタインクス株式会社 | 画像信号の補間方法及びそれを実施する画像信号処理装置 |
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2000
- 2000-04-20 EP EP07122679A patent/EP1890491A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-20 KR KR10-2001-7008418A patent/KR100424951B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-20 US US09/913,173 patent/US7034885B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-20 EP EP00919139A patent/EP1176823A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-20 CN CNB008028168A patent/CN1227903C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-20 WO PCT/JP2000/002565 patent/WO2000064158A1/ja active IP Right Grant
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- 2002-06-19 HK HK02104567.3A patent/HK1043271B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1176823A1 (en) | 2002-01-30 |
KR100424951B1 (ko) | 2004-03-31 |
HK1043271B (zh) | 2006-08-04 |
KR20010093239A (ko) | 2001-10-27 |
US7034885B1 (en) | 2006-04-25 |
HK1043271A1 (en) | 2002-09-06 |
EP1890491A1 (en) | 2008-02-20 |
JP2000308021A (ja) | 2000-11-02 |
EP1176823A4 (en) | 2007-04-04 |
US20060114354A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
CN1337122A (zh) | 2002-02-20 |
CN1227903C (zh) | 2005-11-16 |
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