WO2000070323A1 - Sample cutting apparatus - Google Patents

Sample cutting apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000070323A1
WO2000070323A1 PCT/US1999/010668 US9910668W WO0070323A1 WO 2000070323 A1 WO2000070323 A1 WO 2000070323A1 US 9910668 W US9910668 W US 9910668W WO 0070323 A1 WO0070323 A1 WO 0070323A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
ram
plug
cutting end
anvil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/010668
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Marc Borowczak
Charles Frederick Crano
Dale Roy Norton
Original Assignee
The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company filed Critical The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company
Priority to PCT/US1999/010668 priority Critical patent/WO2000070323A1/en
Priority to AU40788/99A priority patent/AU4078899A/en
Publication of WO2000070323A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000070323A1/en
Priority to US10/003,536 priority patent/US6502491B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
    • G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B1/00—Hand tools
    • A01B1/24—Hand tools for treating meadows or lawns
    • A01B1/246—Hand tools for treating meadows or lawns for cutting sods or turves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/005—Precision agriculture

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for obtaining plug samples of materials for the purpose of measuring the physical and/or chemical properties of the sample.
  • the sample of the material is removed from the main body of the materials being used, and the properties of the sample are measured.
  • the material to be tested is a solid, a piece of the material must be cut loose from the main body of the material. Because of safety issues, it is preferred that tools such as razor blades, knives, and other cutting objects not be used for obtaining such samples.
  • One prior art apparatus commonly used to obtain a plug of sample comprises a hollow tube, which is pounded into the material to be tested to cut loose a sample, which breaks off in the end of the tube to form a plug.
  • Such a plug can be provided in a form that can be used directly in many kinds of tests. Although relatively safe to use, such a tool has the drawback that the plug, once jammed into the end of the tube, is difficult to remove, and from a man- hour standpoint, the obtaining of such samples is very expensive.
  • An apparatus for obtaining a plug of material for testing comprises (a) a housing (24) having a cutting end (12) and an anvil end (22), (b) a ram (18) contained within the housing (24) and, (c) a collar (20) disposed over an outside surface of the housing (24), the collar (20) having a non-fixed relationship with the housing (24) and a having a fixed relationship with the ram (18).
  • the housing (24) may contain a spring loading means (26,26a) associated with the ram (18).
  • a spring (26) is in a surrounding relationship with said ram (18), and in an alternative embodiment a spring (26a) is loaded within said housing (24) in cavity (40) of anvil (22).
  • the collar (20) is associated with the housing (24) through a pin (28) which passes through holes (34,34a) in the collar and through slots (32) in the housing (24).
  • the housing (24) comprises an upper portion (27) and a lower portion (25) which are connected to each other by mechanical means (19).
  • the lower portion (25) has a resting flange (21) which provides a compression point for spring (26).
  • the housing (24) has an endless cutting end (12) and an anvil end (22).
  • the housing (24) may have a grip (15) in proximal relation to the anvil end (22).
  • a method for obtaining a plug of material for testing the properties of the material comprising the steps of (a) providing an apparatus having a housing (24) having a cutting end (12) which has a endless cutting edge, (b) driving cutting end (12) into a substrate (14) thereby forming a plug (16) of substrate, (c) causing a ram (18) within housing (24) to move in the direction of plug (16), thereby forcing the plug (16) to be removed from cutting end (12).
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a perspective view of the apparatus of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a cross-section view of the apparatus of the invention along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the apparatus of the invention cutting a sample wherein the apparatus is in an at-rest position.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the removal of a sample from the apparatus wherein the apparatus is in an active position.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an exploded view of the component parts of the apparatus.
  • Figs. 6 and 6a illustrates alternative configurations of component parts of the apparatus. Detailed Description of the Invention
  • the apparatus 10 of the invention comprises a housing 24 which has a cutting end 12 and an anvil end 22.
  • Cutting end 12 has an endless cutting edge which may have any desired geometrical shape.
  • the apparatus 10 is designed so that cutting end 12 is jammed into or pounded into a material substrate from which a sample is needed for testing.
  • endless cutting edge it is meant the cutting edge encloses an area of space. The enclosed area of space becomes the area occupied by a plug of material when the cutting edge is used to obtain a plug of sample.
  • the cutting edge may be a circle, an oval, a square, or any other geometrical shape which can be used for testing a sample of material.
  • anvil end 22 receives a blow from a hammer or other object, to create force which is transferred to cutting end 12 which is placed against a substrate.
  • the housing, and especially anvil end 22, is made of a structurally strong material, such as steel, and is preferably made of stainless steel.
  • a collar 20 is disposed over the outside of housing 24 and has a non-fixed relationship with housing 24. With reference now to Fig. 2, collar 20 has a fixed relationship with ram 18 which is contained within housing 24. In the illustrated embodiment, collar 20 is fixed to ram 18 using pin
  • Collar 20 may move relative to housing 24 when pin 28 moves in slot 32 of the housing. In the illustrated embodiment of Fig. 2, collar 20 is held at-rest by spring 26 which forces pin 28 to one end of slot 32.
  • a force is applied to anvil 22 which drives cutting end 12 into substrate 14.
  • the at- rest position of ram 18 determines the depth of the cut provided in substrate 14.
  • a grip 15 provided on the sides of anvil 22.
  • a resting flange 21 in housing 24 limits the downward movement of spring 26.
  • substrate 14 may comprise a sticky or slightly adhesive material.
  • ram 18 have a non-stick end 17 comprising a non-stick material.
  • Such a non-stick material may comprise polished steel or chrome, or a coating of a polymerized substituted hydrocarbon, such as Teflon ® polymer.
  • ram 18 in its entirety, may comprise such a non-stick material.
  • a non-stick ram 18, or a ram 18 with a non-stick end 17 may be particularly useful in an automated system where sample plugs are cut automatically.
  • the non-stick properties of ram 18 makes easier the automatic placement of plug samples in automated testing equipment since, if properly calibrated and adjusted, the plug 16 of material will drop off the end of ram 18 without manual intervention, and the plug 16 can be dropped into selected sample holders in the automatic equipment.
  • housing 24 comprises an upper portion 27 and a lower portion 25 which may be connected together by a mechanical means 19.
  • Mechanical means 19 comprises threads in the illustrated embodiment. Mechanical means 19 makes possible a change in the length of apparatus 10, in that longer or shorter versions of upper portion 27 may be combined with lower portion 25, or longer or shorter versions of lower portion 25 may be combined with upper portion 27.
  • the endless cutting edge of cutting end 12 is illustrated in the figures as representing a circle, other sample shapes may be obtained by replacing lower portion 25 with a similar component having a differently shaped endless cutting edge.
  • the position of ram 18 within housing 24 can be adjusted by changing the position of hole 29 which is used to receive pin 28.
  • Pin 28 passes through hole 34 in collar 20 into hole 29 in ram 18, and is threaded into hole 34a of collar 20. As described above, pin 28 moves in slot 32 which allows movement of collar 20 relative to housing
  • a locking mechanism 32a may be used to lock the position of ram 18 relative to housing 24 while a sample is being obtained.
  • the locking mechanism 32a when removal of the sample 16 from cutting end 12 of housing 24 is desired, the locking mechanism 32a is activated so that the ram can move within housing 24.
  • spring 26a may be between ram 18 and opening 40 in anvil 22, to provide constant pressure against ram 18, so that when a locking mechanism, such as locking mechanism 32a is activated, ram 18 automatically is forced in the direction of cutting end 12.
  • a spring serving the same function as 26a may encompass the ram 18 in the same manner shown for spring 26, but extend beyond the end of ram 18 into opening 40 of anvil 22.
  • the lab technician may grab housing 24 by grip 15, and jab cutting end 12 into a substrate 14, or may place cutting end 12 against substrate 14 and strike anvil 22 with a hammer or other object in the direction of arrow 36.
  • cutting end 12 may cut through substrate 14 to form plug 16, or plug 16 may be broken off the main body of material by twisting or rocking housing 24.
  • the technician may grab grip 15 with one hand, and move collar 20 in the direction of arrow 38 with the other hand, whereby pin 28 will move in the direction of arrow 38, forcing ram 18 in the same direction, which will force plug 16 out of housing 24.
  • Plug 16 can then be further processed for chemical or physical testing as needed.

Abstract

An apparatus (10) makes easier, simpler and quicker the obtention of a sample of solid materials for physical and/or chemical testing. The apparatus (10) comprises a housing (24) containing a ram (18), the housing (24) having an anvil end (22) and a cutting end (12). In a method of using the apparatus (10), the cutting end (12) is driven into a substrate (14) and a plug (16) of sample material is obtained. Plug (16) is removed from housing (24) by forcing ram (18) in the direction of plug (16).

Description

SAMPLE CUTTING APPARATUS
Technical Field The invention relates to an apparatus for obtaining plug samples of materials for the purpose of measuring the physical and/or chemical properties of the sample. Background Art
In the development of industrial products, it is important that the quality and properties of raw materials, intermediate products, and finished materials used in final products be known. Basically, the sample of the material is removed from the main body of the materials being used, and the properties of the sample are measured. When the material to be tested is a solid, a piece of the material must be cut loose from the main body of the material. Because of safety issues, it is preferred that tools such as razor blades, knives, and other cutting objects not be used for obtaining such samples. One prior art apparatus commonly used to obtain a plug of sample comprises a hollow tube, which is pounded into the material to be tested to cut loose a sample, which breaks off in the end of the tube to form a plug. Such a plug can be provided in a form that can be used directly in many kinds of tests. Although relatively safe to use, such a tool has the drawback that the plug, once jammed into the end of the tube, is difficult to remove, and from a man- hour standpoint, the obtaining of such samples is very expensive.
It is an object of the invention to provide an apparatus that makes easier, simpler, and cheaper the obtention of a sample of material from a solid body of raw material, intermediate materials, or finished materials. Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following description and claims. Disclosure of Invention
An apparatus for obtaining a plug of material for testing comprises (a) a housing (24) having a cutting end (12) and an anvil end (22), (b) a ram (18) contained within the housing (24) and, (c) a collar (20) disposed over an outside surface of the housing (24), the collar (20) having a non-fixed relationship with the housing (24) and a having a fixed relationship with the ram (18). The housing (24) may contain a spring loading means (26,26a) associated with the ram (18).
In one embodiment, a spring (26) is in a surrounding relationship with said ram (18), and in an alternative embodiment a spring (26a) is loaded within said housing (24) in cavity (40) of anvil (22).
The collar (20) is associated with the housing (24) through a pin (28) which passes through holes (34,34a) in the collar and through slots (32) in the housing (24).
In the illustrated embodiment, the housing (24) comprises an upper portion (27) and a lower portion (25) which are connected to each other by mechanical means (19). The lower portion (25) has a resting flange (21) which provides a compression point for spring (26).
The housing (24) has an endless cutting end (12) and an anvil end (22). The housing (24) may have a grip (15) in proximal relation to the anvil end (22). Also provided is a method for obtaining a plug of material for testing the properties of the material comprising the steps of (a) providing an apparatus having a housing (24) having a cutting end (12) which has a endless cutting edge, (b) driving cutting end (12) into a substrate (14) thereby forming a plug (16) of substrate, (c) causing a ram (18) within housing (24) to move in the direction of plug (16), thereby forcing the plug (16) to be removed from cutting end (12). Brief Description of Drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates a perspective view of the apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates a cross-section view of the apparatus of the invention along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 illustrates the apparatus of the invention cutting a sample wherein the apparatus is in an at-rest position.
Fig. 4 illustrates the removal of a sample from the apparatus wherein the apparatus is in an active position.
Fig. 5 illustrates an exploded view of the component parts of the apparatus.
Figs. 6 and 6a illustrates alternative configurations of component parts of the apparatus. Detailed Description of the Invention
With reference now to Fig. 1, the apparatus 10 of the invention comprises a housing 24 which has a cutting end 12 and an anvil end 22. Cutting end 12 has an endless cutting edge which may have any desired geometrical shape. The apparatus 10 is designed so that cutting end 12 is jammed into or pounded into a material substrate from which a sample is needed for testing. By endless cutting edge it is meant the cutting edge encloses an area of space. The enclosed area of space becomes the area occupied by a plug of material when the cutting edge is used to obtain a plug of sample. The cutting edge may be a circle, an oval, a square, or any other geometrical shape which can be used for testing a sample of material.
If apparatus 10 is pounded into a substrate, anvil end 22 receives a blow from a hammer or other object, to create force which is transferred to cutting end 12 which is placed against a substrate. Accordingly, the housing, and especially anvil end 22, is made of a structurally strong material, such as steel, and is preferably made of stainless steel.
A collar 20 is disposed over the outside of housing 24 and has a non-fixed relationship with housing 24. With reference now to Fig. 2, collar 20 has a fixed relationship with ram 18 which is contained within housing 24. In the illustrated embodiment, collar 20 is fixed to ram 18 using pin
28. Collar 20 may move relative to housing 24 when pin 28 moves in slot 32 of the housing. In the illustrated embodiment of Fig. 2, collar 20 is held at-rest by spring 26 which forces pin 28 to one end of slot 32.
With reference now to Figs. 2 and 3, when apparatus 10 is used to cut a sample of a substrate 14, a force is applied to anvil 22 which drives cutting end 12 into substrate 14. The at- rest position of ram 18 determines the depth of the cut provided in substrate 14.
With reference now to Fig. 4, removal of sample plug 16 from the cutting end of 12 of housing 24 is obtained by stabilizing the position of housing 24 and forcing collar 20 in the direction of cutting end 12 of housing 24. Thus moving collar 20 forces pin 28 in the same direction in slot 32, which forces ram 18 toward the cutting end 12 of housing 24. Stabilization of housing 24 may be aided by a grip 15 provided on the sides of anvil 22. A resting flange 21 in housing 24 limits the downward movement of spring 26. In some instances, substrate 14 may comprise a sticky or slightly adhesive material. In such instances it is preferred that ram 18 have a non-stick end 17 comprising a non-stick material. Such a non-stick material may comprise polished steel or chrome, or a coating of a polymerized substituted hydrocarbon, such as Teflon® polymer.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that ram 18, in its entirety, may comprise such a non-stick material.
A non-stick ram 18, or a ram 18 with a non-stick end 17 may be particularly useful in an automated system where sample plugs are cut automatically. In an automated system the non-stick properties of ram 18 makes easier the automatic placement of plug samples in automated testing equipment since, if properly calibrated and adjusted, the plug 16 of material will drop off the end of ram 18 without manual intervention, and the plug 16 can be dropped into selected sample holders in the automatic equipment.
With reference now to Fig. 5, component parts of the illustrated apparatus of the invention are shown in an exploded view wherein it can be seen that housing 24 comprises an upper portion 27 and a lower portion 25 which may be connected together by a mechanical means 19. Mechanical means 19 comprises threads in the illustrated embodiment. Mechanical means 19 makes possible a change in the length of apparatus 10, in that longer or shorter versions of upper portion 27 may be combined with lower portion 25, or longer or shorter versions of lower portion 25 may be combined with upper portion 27. Also, although the endless cutting edge of cutting end 12 is illustrated in the figures as representing a circle, other sample shapes may be obtained by replacing lower portion 25 with a similar component having a differently shaped endless cutting edge.
If different lengthened housings 24 are used, the position of ram 18 within housing 24 can be adjusted by changing the position of hole 29 which is used to receive pin 28. Pin 28 passes through hole 34 in collar 20 into hole 29 in ram 18, and is threaded into hole 34a of collar 20. As described above, pin 28 moves in slot 32 which allows movement of collar 20 relative to housing
24.
With reference now to Fig. 6a, a locking mechanism 32a may be used to lock the position of ram 18 relative to housing 24 while a sample is being obtained. In such an embodiment, when removal of the sample 16 from cutting end 12 of housing 24 is desired, the locking mechanism 32a is activated so that the ram can move within housing 24.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that other similar locking mechanisms, and other types of locking mechanisms, such as ratchets, can also be used in the apparatus of the invention.
With reference now to Fig. 6b, in an embodiment where a locking mechanism is used to lock the position of the ram 28 relative to housing 24, different types of spring loading may be used relative to ram 18. For example, spring 26a may be between ram 18 and opening 40 in anvil 22, to provide constant pressure against ram 18, so that when a locking mechanism, such as locking mechanism 32a is activated, ram 18 automatically is forced in the direction of cutting end 12. In an alternative embodiment, a spring serving the same function as 26a may encompass the ram 18 in the same manner shown for spring 26, but extend beyond the end of ram 18 into opening 40 of anvil 22.
In the use of apparatus 10, the lab technician, dependent on the type of material being tested, may grab housing 24 by grip 15, and jab cutting end 12 into a substrate 14, or may place cutting end 12 against substrate 14 and strike anvil 22 with a hammer or other object in the direction of arrow 36.
Depending on the thickness of substrate 14, cutting end 12 may cut through substrate 14 to form plug 16, or plug 16 may be broken off the main body of material by twisting or rocking housing 24. To remove plug 16 from housing 24, in the case where the embodiment of apparatus 10 which is illustrated in Figs. 1-5 is used, the technician may grab grip 15 with one hand, and move collar 20 in the direction of arrow 38 with the other hand, whereby pin 28 will move in the direction of arrow 38, forcing ram 18 in the same direction, which will force plug 16 out of housing 24. Plug 16 can then be further processed for chemical or physical testing as needed.

Claims

1. An apparatus for obtaining a plug of material for testing comprising
(a) a housing (24) having a cutting end (12) and an anvil end (22)
(b) a ram (18) contained within said housing (24) and (c) a collar (20) disposed over an outside surface of said housing (24) and having a non-fixed relationship with said housing (24) and a having a fixed relationship with said ram (18).
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said housing (24) contains a spring loading means (26,26a) associated with said ram (18).
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said spring (26) is in a surrounding relationship with said ram (18).
4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said spring (26a) is loaded within said housing (24) in cavity (40) of anvil (22).
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said collar (20) is associated with said housing (24) through a pin (28) which passes through holes (34,34a) in said collar and a slot (32) in said housing
(24).
6. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said housing (24) comprises an upper portion (27) and a lower portion (25) which are connected to each other by mechanical means (19).
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said lower portion (25) has a resting flange (21) which provides a compression point for spring (26).
8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said housing (24) has an endless cutting end (12) and an anvil end (22).
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said housing (24) has a grip (15) in proximal relation to said anvil end (22).
10. A method for obtaining a plug of material for testing the properties of the material comprising the steps of
(a) providing an apparatus having a housing (24) having a cutting end (12) which has a endless cutting edge,
(b) driving continuous cutting end (12) into a substrate (14) thereby forming a plug (16) of substrate,
(c) causing a ram (18) within housing (24) to move in the direction of plug (16), thereby forcing said plug (16) to be removed from cutting end (12).
PCT/US1999/010668 1999-05-13 1999-05-13 Sample cutting apparatus WO2000070323A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1999/010668 WO2000070323A1 (en) 1999-05-13 1999-05-13 Sample cutting apparatus
AU40788/99A AU4078899A (en) 1999-05-13 1999-05-13 Sample cutting apparatus
US10/003,536 US6502491B2 (en) 1999-05-13 2001-11-02 Sample cutting apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1999/010668 WO2000070323A1 (en) 1999-05-13 1999-05-13 Sample cutting apparatus

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/003,536 Continuation US6502491B2 (en) 1999-05-13 2001-11-02 Sample cutting apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000070323A1 true WO2000070323A1 (en) 2000-11-23

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ID=22272762

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1999/010668 WO2000070323A1 (en) 1999-05-13 1999-05-13 Sample cutting apparatus

Country Status (2)

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AU (1) AU4078899A (en)
WO (1) WO2000070323A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1340977A2 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-03 Bayer Ag Screening method for making and characterising polyurethane foams
EP1361425A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2003-11-12 Matsushita Eco Technology Center Co., Ltd. Device and method for identifying plastic
CN108510845A (en) * 2018-03-17 2018-09-07 长江大学 A kind of geologic sedimentation mutually learns to use auxiliary tool

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2192772A (en) * 1986-06-12 1988-01-27 Inst For Ind Res & Standards A gardening tool
US5517868A (en) * 1992-07-20 1996-05-21 Enchem, Inc. Method for obtaining a soil sample
DE19711305A1 (en) * 1997-03-18 1998-09-24 Volz Otto Tubular probe for taking ground samples
WO1999015875A1 (en) * 1997-09-25 1999-04-01 Macquarie Research Ltd. Apparatus for removing a sample from an array of samples and a cutting tool for use with that apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2192772A (en) * 1986-06-12 1988-01-27 Inst For Ind Res & Standards A gardening tool
US5517868A (en) * 1992-07-20 1996-05-21 Enchem, Inc. Method for obtaining a soil sample
DE19711305A1 (en) * 1997-03-18 1998-09-24 Volz Otto Tubular probe for taking ground samples
WO1999015875A1 (en) * 1997-09-25 1999-04-01 Macquarie Research Ltd. Apparatus for removing a sample from an array of samples and a cutting tool for use with that apparatus

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1361425A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2003-11-12 Matsushita Eco Technology Center Co., Ltd. Device and method for identifying plastic
EP1361425A4 (en) * 2001-10-29 2009-03-18 Matsushita Eco Technology Ct C Device and method for identifying plastic
EP1340977A2 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-03 Bayer Ag Screening method for making and characterising polyurethane foams
DE10208952A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-18 Bayer Ag Screening process for the production and characterization of polyurethane foams
DE10208952B4 (en) * 2002-02-28 2004-04-08 Bayer Ag Screening process for the production and characterization of polyurethane foams
EP1340977A3 (en) * 2002-02-28 2004-05-12 Bayer MaterialScience AG Screening method for making and characterising polyurethane foams
US6840124B2 (en) 2002-02-28 2005-01-11 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Screening process for the production and characterization of polyurethane foam materials
CN108510845A (en) * 2018-03-17 2018-09-07 长江大学 A kind of geologic sedimentation mutually learns to use auxiliary tool
CN108510845B (en) * 2018-03-17 2021-01-15 长江大学 Auxiliary tool for studying geological deposition facies

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