WO2001022734A1 - Image encoding device - Google Patents
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- WO2001022734A1 WO2001022734A1 PCT/JP2000/006386 JP0006386W WO0122734A1 WO 2001022734 A1 WO2001022734 A1 WO 2001022734A1 JP 0006386 W JP0006386 W JP 0006386W WO 0122734 A1 WO0122734 A1 WO 0122734A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
- H04N19/98—Adaptive-dynamic-range coding [ADRC]
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/12—Selection from among a plurality of transforms or standards, e.g. selection between discrete cosine transform [DCT] and sub-band transform or selection between H.263 and H.264
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/124—Quantisation
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- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/136—Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
- H04N19/14—Coding unit complexity, e.g. amount of activity or edge presence estimation
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- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
- H04N19/147—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output according to rate distortion criteria
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- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
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- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
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- H04N19/152—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output by measuring the fullness of the transmission buffer
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- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
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- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
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- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/182—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a pixel
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- H04N19/189—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding
- H04N19/192—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type being iterative or recursive
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- H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image encoding device capable of reducing the capacity while suppressing image quality deterioration, and an image decoding device thereof.
- the compression ratio can be flexibly adjusted by setting compression parameters, such as the JPEG compression method, and the compression ratio is increased by deteriorating the image quality.
- an image compression apparatus that can suppress the deterioration of the image quality by lowering the compression ratio.
- an image compression apparatus that automatically sets the compression parameter to an optimum value, for example, see Japanese Patent No. 2807272 No. 2 is disclosed.
- the image compression apparatus disclosed herein subtracts between the original image as the input image and the restored image to create a residual image, calculates a mean square error from the data of the residual image, and calculates Is used to optimize the compression parameters over time as the image quality evaluation value.
- the entire pixel area is compressed in the same manner without considering the characteristics of the display terminal or the like, or as in the image processing apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-242'376.
- an image code that encodes an image using a different image compression method for each region.
- the encoding device there is an image data compression device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-225160.
- the image data compression apparatus disclosed herein changes the image compression method depending on the number of colors included in a predetermined area of input image data. Since compression of an area by the lossless compression method increases the amount of compressed data, the area is compressed by the lossy compression method, and conversely, if the number of colors is small, the area is compressed by the lossless compression method.
- a pixel region that is visually degraded is extracted, and only the degree of distortion is used for image quality evaluation, or blocks are classified according to their properties and each evaluation standard is set. It is intended to enable automatic setting of compression parameters that reflect human visual characteristics.
- an evaluation method for judging image quality in units of blocks by calculating distortion in units of blocks used at the time of compression is shown, and local image quality deterioration is accurately detected.
- the image quality compressed by the image compression method using DCT If the mean square error and SN ratio were used, the evaluation value tended to be small for images with low pixel value activity and large for images with high activity. Was.
- Block noise noise around the block
- mosquito noise noise around sharp edges
- Noise is a force that occurs in images with low pixel value activity.
- the mean square error and the SN ratio have small evaluation values, making it difficult to accurately detect block noise.
- a block in which all AC components in the X direction are 0 has the same pixel value in all rows in the block, and a block in which all AC components in the Y direction are 0 is a block in the block. Pixel values match in all columns.
- the blocks are classified according to the properties of the pixel values in the blocks of the blocks of the compressed image, and the likelihood of occurrence of block noise for each classified block is taken into consideration.
- each evaluation criterion it is possible to detect blocks that cause block noise.
- blocks with mosquito noise generate larger evaluation values for conventional least square errors and SN ratios.However, blocks with higher activities have higher evaluation values even without mosquito noise. In some cases, mosquito noise cannot be detected correctly.
- Mosquito noise is a phenomenon in which the effects of some steep edges in a block appear in the periphery, and in a block in which mosquito noise has occurred, there is a large variation in the distortion of each pixel in the block.
- the present invention makes it possible to correctly detect mosquito noise by calculating the variation in the pixel value difference between the original image and the compressed image.
- a gamma curve is used in consideration of the characteristics of a display terminal or the like, as in an image processing device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H8-242,376, and a pixel whose details are difficult to understand on a display terminal or the like is used.
- the entire pixel value range was reduced by reducing the dynamic range of the low-pixel area where deterioration is less noticeable due to the characteristics of the display terminal etc. After the dynamic range was reduced, there was no image encoding device or image decoding device that performed an encoding process and returned the dynamic range of the entire decoded pixel value in the image decoding device.
- the image encoding device of the present invention is, for example, As shown in Fig. 8 (a), the compression ratio is greatly reduced by performing the conversion process to reduce the dynamic range of the entire pixel value by reducing the dynamic range of the region where the pixel value is low, and then performing the encoding process.
- the purpose is to give.
- the image decoding apparatus of the present invention expands the dynamic range after the decoding process so that the dynamic range of the entire pixel value range of the decoded image is equal to the dynamic range of the entire pixel value range of the image before encoding. Its purpose is to greatly increase the compression ratio without deteriorating the visual image quality when used in combination with this image decoding device.
- the image coding apparatus of the present invention is a method that combines a plurality of image compression methods, and places emphasis on an image compression method having high compression performance, and is capable of accurately detecting the above-described mosquito noise and block noise, which are visually conspicuously degraded. All areas where the image quality above a certain level visually set by the image compression method with high compression performance can be secured by using the image compression method, the image is compressed using the image compression method with high compression performance, and the compression performance is next in other areas. Detects areas where the image quality can be similarly maintained with a high image compression method, and when compressing with that image compression method, determines the area to be compressed in order from the method with the highest compression efficiency. The goal is to obtain the highest compression ratio. Disclosure of the invention
- the image encoding apparatus of the present invention is capable of processing an input image in small area units.
- Image encoding processing means for performing image encoding processing based on a compression method; image decoding processing means for decoding encoded data created by the image encoding processing means; and image decoding processing means.
- Characteristic pixel extraction processing means for extracting characteristic pixels using a decoded image and the input image; and characteristic distortion calculation processing for calculating characteristic distortion of the decoded image with respect to the input image using the characteristic pixels.
- Means, and parameter value control means for controlling a parameter value for determining a degree of data compression in the image encoding processing means according to the magnitude of the characteristic distortion.
- the characteristic distortion calculation processing means calculates a variance of a difference between each pixel value corresponding to the characteristic pixel of the input image and the decoded image for each small region, and calculates a maximum value of the characteristic value to the characteristic value. Since the effect of the phase shift is greatly affected by the large distortion, the quantization parameter that accurately reflects the mosquito noise can be set. Further, the feature distortion calculation processing means calculates, for each small region, a sum of a difference between a corresponding pixel value of the feature pixel of the input image and the decoded pixel of the decoded image and an average of the difference. By setting the maximum value as the characteristic distortion, it is possible to set a quantization parameter that reflects mosquito noise with a simple calculation.
- the small area is a block
- the characteristic pixel extraction processing means is a characteristic block extraction processing means for extracting and processing a characteristic block using the decoded image and the input image in units of blocks.
- the feature block extraction processing means extracts a block in which the input image does not have the same pixel value in all columns or all rows in the block, and extracts the decoded image corresponding to the extracted block.
- the feature block extraction processing unit extracts a block in which the input image does not match all pixel values in the block, and By extracting a block in which all pixel values match from among the blocks of the corresponding decoded image, it is possible to set a quantization parameter that reflects the block noise with a simple calculation.
- the feature pixel extraction means is a feature block classification and extraction means for classifying and extracting a feature block, and by extracting pixels in the feature block, quantization which reflects block noise by a simple calculation. You can set parameters.
- the feature block classification and extraction means may be configured such that the block of the decoded image has one pixel value in all columns or in all rows except for a completely flat block in which all pixel values match, and a completely flat block. By classifying and extracting blocks that match each other and other blocks, it is possible to set quantization parameters that accurately reflect block noise.
- the feature distortion calculation processing means calculates a variance of a difference between each pixel value corresponding to the feature pixel of the input image and the decoded image for each block, and is classified by the feature block classification extraction means. By setting the maximum value for each class to the magnitude of the special distortion for each class, the effect of phase shift is greatly affected. Set the quantization parameter that accurately reflects the mosquito noise I can do it.
- the image encoding apparatus further comprises a pixel value conversion means for performing a pixel value conversion process of reducing a dynamic range of a pixel value range in which an input image signal is hardly perceived by visual degradation using a pixel value conversion table.
- image coding processing means for performing image coding processing on the output image from the pixel value conversion processing means.
- the image encoding device of the present invention includes: an image encoding processing unit that performs an image encoding process on an input image based on an irreversible compression scheme; and a decoding process that encodes encoded data created by the image encoding processing unit.
- Image decoding processing means for comparing the decoded image with the input image on a small area basis and calculating characteristic distortion.
- a region distortion processing unit that performs region division processing in units of the small regions based on the magnitude of the characteristic distortion to create a region division image having region division information;
- a region image creation processing unit that creates and processes each region image using the region division image; and a region division image encoding process that creates a region division image encoded data by encoding the region division image based on a lossless compression method.
- Image encoding means for image encoding a predetermined area divided by the area division processing means based on the irreversible compression method, and a second area for image encoding with a required image quality for other areas.
- Image encoding means; and coded data joining processing means for combining the above-mentioned area-divided image coded data and the coded data of each area into one piece of coded data.
- the capacity of the compressed data can be reduced without deteriorating the visual image quality in consideration of the characteristics of the display terminal and the like.
- the image decoding apparatus of the present invention decodes encoded data encoded by the image encoding apparatus, wherein the image decoding apparatus decodes input encoded data; Pixel value inverse conversion processing means for performing pixel value inverse conversion processing on the pixel values of the decoded image decoded by the decoding processing means using the pixel value inverse conversion table.
- Pixel value inverse conversion processing means for performing pixel value inverse conversion processing on the pixel values of the decoded image decoded by the decoding processing means using the pixel value inverse conversion table.
- the pixel value inverse conversion processing means can have a simple configuration because the input / output relationship with the pixel value conversion processing means is reversed.
- the characteristic distortion calculation processing means calculates a variance of a difference between corresponding pixel values of the extracted small area extracted from the input image and the decoded image, and sets the variance of the difference as the characteristic distortion magnitude. Since it is greatly affected by the phase shift, it is possible to set a quantization parameter that accurately reflects mosquito noise. Further, the feature distortion calculation processing means calculates a sum of a difference between each corresponding pixel of the extracted small area extracted from the input image and the decoded image and an average of the difference, By setting the magnitude of typical distortion, it is possible to set the quantization parameter that reflects the mosquito noise with a simple calculation. In addition, the area division processing unit can create an area divided image by a simple calculation by dividing according to a magnitude relationship between the characteristic distortion magnitude and a threshold.
- the small area unit is a block unit
- the area division processing means is an extracted small area property classification processing means for classifying the properties of the extracted small area, and by separately setting the threshold for each classification, Region-divided images can be created with simple calculations.
- the extracted small area property classification processing means may be configured such that the extracted small area of the decoded image is a completely flat block in which all pixel values match, and is in all columns other than the completely flat block or in all columns. By classifying the blocks with the same pixel value in other rows and the other blocks, it is possible to set a quantization parameter that accurately reflects block noise.
- the image decoding apparatus of the present invention includes: encoded data separation processing means for separating encoded data generated by the image encoding apparatus into region-divided image encoded data and encoded data of each region; A region-divided image decoding device that decodes the region-divided image encoded data to create a region-divided image; and region-decoding processing means that decodes the encoded data of each region to create a region image. And decoded image data joining processing means for creating one decoded image by combining the respective area images according to the area divided image.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an image block and a pixel notation.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a flat block.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of an image encoding device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. is there.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the image encoding device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the image encoding device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an image encoding device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an image decoding device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a pixel value conversion function and a pixel value inverse conversion function according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a pixel value conversion table according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing of the image encoding device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an image encoding device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of an area dividing unit according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an image decoding device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of a process performed by the image encoding device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a detailed processing flow of area division according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of a process performed by the image decoding apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the joint encoded data according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a process performed by an area image creation processing unit according to the fourth embodiment. is there. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- Image 0 1 0 1 is divided into blocks. Numbered.
- Each block is m pixels ⁇ n pixels (m and n are arbitrary natural numbers), and the pixels in the block are represented by coordinates like block 0102.
- a flat block is a block in which a change in pixel value is small within a block and the high-frequency component is smaller than a predetermined threshold.
- the flat block can be determined by using, for example, the magnitude of the activity of the pixel value or the magnitude of the variance in the block. Specifically, the activity a of the pixel values in the block as shown in Equation 1 and the variance ⁇ of the pixel values in the block are calculated, and whether or not the block is a flat block is determined based on the magnitude of the value. Can be done.
- ⁇ 2 a ⁇ ⁇ f ( i, j) - Ryo 2
- the block is a block of 8 pixels ⁇ 8 pixels, but may be a block of n pixels ⁇ m pixels. (N and m are natural numbers)
- the pattern attached to each pixel in the block represents a pixel value.
- all the pixel values adjacent in the horizontal direction match.
- all the pixel values adjacent in the vertical direction match.
- a block in which adjacent pixel values in at least one of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction match in this manner is defined as a flat block described below.
- Blocks in which all pixel values in a block are the same, such as block (c), are referred to as a completely flat block, and blocks other than a flat block and a completely flat block are general blocks. I will call it.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of the image encoding device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the image encoding device 0302 is an input image buffer 0304, an image encoding processor 0305, an encoded data buffer 0306, an image decoding processor 0307, a decoded image buffer. 0 3 0 8, Feature pixel extraction processing unit 0 3 0 9, Feature pixel data buffer 0 3 1 0, Feature distortion calculation processing unit 0 3 1 1, Encoding It is composed of a lame control unit 0 3 1 2. Also, the image encoding device 0302 receives image data from the image input device 0301 and outputs encoded data to the data output device 0303.
- the input image buffer 0304 stores the input image data input from the image input device 0301.
- the image encoding processing unit 0305 reads input image data from the input image buffer 0304 and outputs encoded data.
- the coded data buffer 0306 stores the coded data output from the image coding processing unit 0305.
- the image decoding processing unit 0307 reads the encoded data from the encoded data buffer 0306 and outputs decoded image data.
- the decoded image buffer 0308 stores the decoded image data output from the image decoding processing unit 0307.
- the special pixel extraction processing unit 0309 reads the input image data and decoded image data from the input image buffer 0304 and the decoded image buffer 0308, respectively, and extracts and extracts the characteristic pixels. Outputs characteristic pixel data.
- the feature pixel is a pixel used for calculating distortion.
- a feature block is a block in which all pixels in a block are feature pixels.
- the characteristic pixel data buffer 0310 stores the characteristic pixel data output from the characteristic pixel extraction processing unit 0309.
- the characteristic distortion calculation processing unit 0311 reads the characteristic pixel data from the characteristic pixel data buffer 0310, performs characteristic distortion calculation, and outputs the characteristic distortion data.
- the encoding parameter overnight control unit 0312 receives the characteristic distortion data output from the characteristic distortion calculation processing unit 0311 and determines a parameter overnight value for determining the degree of data compression.
- Image coding processing unit 0 3 0 5 Image decoding processing unit 0 3 0 7, Feature pixel extraction processing unit 0 3 0 9, Feature distortion calculation processing unit 0 3 1 1, and coding parameter control unit 0 3 1 2 is realized by, for example, independent circuits. Further, it may be a virtual circuit realized by an arithmetic processing circuit such as a computer.
- the image encoding processing unit 0305 and the image decoding processing unit 0307 perform processing in arbitrary small area units, and what kind of irreversible compression method can adjust the degree of data compression by a parameter. May be something.
- J PEG compression method which is an example of the irreversible compression method.
- FIG. 4 shows a processing flow of the image encoding device 0302.
- the quantization parameter Q of the J PEG compression method, its maximum value Q max and its minimum value Q min, the initial value of the value Q min, and the degree of characteristic distortion SN threshold value SN th are set in step S 0402.
- step S0403 the input image data is stored in the memory so that it can be referred to if necessary.
- the input image data is JPEG-encoded using the quantization parameter Q in step S4044, and the encoded data is encoded in step S405.
- the decoded image obtained by decoding is stored in the memory in step S 406 so that it can be referred to if necessary.
- step S 0407 the feature pixel extraction processing unit 0309 searches for a general block that is not a flat block in the input image, and if the corresponding decoded image is a flat block, the search is performed.
- the pixels of the input image and the decoded image in the block are extracted as feature pixels. That is, the pixels of the block that has changed from a general block to a flat block by compression are extracted as characteristic pixels.
- the variance of the pixel value difference between the input image and the decoded image is calculated for each feature pixel extracted in step S 0408 as shown in Expression 2 in block units. And calculate the maximum value for that block.
- Equation 3 The degree of characteristic distortion SN is assumed to be SN. It should be noted that SNi in Equation 3 may be used instead of SNi in Equation 2.
- step S04111 The value of the quantization parameter Q is substituted for Qmax, otherwise, the value of Q is substituted for Qmin in step S04111, and the range of Q is narrowed.
- step S0412 it is determined whether or not convergence has occurred due to the narrowing of the range of the quantization parameter Q. It is determined whether the difference between Qmax and Qmin is smaller than 2.If not, it is considered that convergence has not occurred, and in step S0413, the quantization parameter Q is set to the average value of Qmin and Qmax.
- step S0414 Qmin is substituted as the optimum value for Q.
- step S0415 JPEG encoding is performed, and output encoded data is output to the data output device 0303.
- a binary search is configured in steps SO412, S0413, and S0414. Any search method may be used.
- the configuration of the image encoding device according to the second embodiment is represented in FIG. 3 similarly to the image encoding device according to the first embodiment, and thus the description of the configuration diagram is omitted.
- FIG. 5 shows the flow of processing of the image encoding device 0302.
- the quantization parameter Q of the JPEG compression method and its maximum value Qmax and minimum value The initial value of Qmin and the completely flat block, the flat block other than the completely flat block, and the degree of the characteristic distortion of the general block are denoted by SN1, SN2, and SN2, respectively.
- the threshold value is set as SN1th, SN2th, and SN3th in step SO502.
- step S0503 the input image data is stored in the memory so that it can be referred to as needed.
- the image encoding processing unit 0305 the input image data is subjected to JPEG encoding using the quantization parameter Q in step S0504, and the encoded data is decoded in step S0505.
- the obtained decoded image is stored in the memory in step S0506 so that it can be referred to if necessary.
- step SO507 the feature pixel extraction processing unit 0309 classifies each block of the decoded image into a completely flat block, a flat block other than the completely flat block, and a general block, and the input image in the block is Pixels of the decoded image are classified and extracted as characteristic pixels.
- step SO 508 the difference between the pixel values of the input image and the decoded image with respect to the feature pixels classified and extracted as a completely flat block as shown in Expression 4
- the variance of each block is calculated for each block, and the maximum value is defined as the degree of characteristic distortion SN 1 of the completely flat block.
- the degree of characteristic distortion SN 3 of the general block are calculated. It should be noted that SN 1 i in Equation 5 may be used instead of SN 1 i in Equation 4.
- step S 0 5 0 9 In the coding parameter control unit 0 3 1 2, in steps S 0 5 0 9, step S 0 5 10, and step S 0 5 11 1, SN 1, SN 2, SN respectively It is determined whether 3 is greater than the set values SN 1 th, SN 2 th, and SN 3 th .If all are smaller, the value of Q is set to Qmin in step S 0 5 1 2. Otherwise, step S 0 5 1 in 3
- step S0515 the quantization parameter Q is set to the average value of Qmin and Qmax, and the processing from step S0504 to step S0514 is performed again. It is considered that the meter Q has converged, and in step S0516, Qmin is substituted as the optimum value for Q, and in step S0517, JPEG encoding is performed. Output to 303.
- the step SO514, the step S0515, and the step S0516 constitute a non-linear research. Any other search technique may be used.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 are diagrams showing the configurations of an image encoding device and an image decoding device according to the present invention, respectively.
- the image encoding device 0 6 0 2 includes an input image buffer 0 6 0 4, a pixel value conversion table creating unit 0 6 0 5, a pixel value conversion table buffer 0 6 0 6, and a pixel value conversion processing unit 0 6 0 7, pixel value conversion image buffer 0 6 0 8, image encoding processing unit 0 6 0 9, encoded data buffer 0 6 10 And outputs the encoded data to the data output device 0603.
- the image decoding device 0 7 0 2 has an input data buffer 0 7 0 4, an image decoding processing unit 0 7 0 5, a decoded image buffer 0 7 0 6, a pixel value inverse conversion table creation unit 0 7 0 7, Pixel value inverse conversion table buffer 0 7 0 8, Pixel value inverse conversion processing unit 0 7 0 9, Pixel value inverse conversion image buffer 0 7 1 0, and receives encoded data from data input device 0 7 0 1 The restored image is output to the image output device 0703.
- the input image buffer 0604 stores input image data input from the image input device 0601.
- the pixel value conversion table generation unit 0605 generates and outputs pixel value conversion table data (described later in FIGS. 8 and 9).
- the pixel value conversion table buffer 606 stores the pixel value conversion table data output from the pixel value conversion table creation unit 605.
- the pixel value conversion processing unit 0 6 0 7 uses the input image buffer 0 6 0 4
- the input image data and the pixel value conversion table are read from the table buffer 06 06 respectively, the pixel values of the input image are converted, and the pixel value converted image data is output.
- the pixel value conversion image buffer 0608 stores the pixel value conversion image data output from the pixel value conversion processing unit 0607.
- the image encoding processing unit 0609 reads pixel value converted image data from the pixel value converted image buffer 0608, performs encoding, and outputs encoded data.
- the coded data buffer 0610 stores the coded data output from the image coding processing unit 0609.
- the input data buffer 0704 stores the input coded data input from the data input device 0701.
- the image decoding processing unit 0705 reads and decodes the input encoded data from the input data buffer 0704 and outputs decoded image data.
- the decoded image buffer 0706 stores the decoded image data output from the image decoding processing unit 0705.
- the pixel value inverse conversion table creation unit 0707 creates and outputs pixel value inverse conversion table data.
- the pixel value reverse conversion table buffer 0708 stores the pixel value reverse conversion table data output from the pixel value reverse conversion table creation unit 0707.
- the pixel value inverse conversion processing unit 0709 receives the decoded image data and the pixel value inverse conversion table data from the decoded image buffer 0706 and the pixel value inverse conversion table buffer 0708 respectively, and performs pixel value inverse conversion. And outputs a pixel value inverse transformed image.
- the pixel value inverse conversion image buffer 0710 stores the pixel value inverse conversion image data output from the pixel value inverse conversion processing unit 0709.
- Input image buffer 0 6 0 4 Pixel value conversion table buffer 0 6 0 6, Pixel value conversion image buffer 0 6 0 8, Encoded data buffer 0 6 1 0, Input data overnight buffer 0 7 0 4, Decoded image Buffer 0 7 0 6, Pixel value reverse conversion tape
- the pixel buffer 0 7 0 8 and the pixel value inverse conversion image buffer 0 7 10 are provided by a pixel value conversion table creation unit 0 6 0 5 07, image coding processing unit 0609, image decoding processing unit 0705, pixel value inverse conversion table creation unit 0707, pixel value inverse conversion processing unit 0709 This is achieved by an independent circuit. Further, it may be a virtual circuit realized by an arithmetic processing circuit such as a computer.
- the pixel value conversion table and the pixel value reverse conversion table used below are created from the pixel value conversion function and the pixel value reverse conversion function, respectively.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a combination of the pixel value conversion function and the pixel value inverse conversion function.
- (a) is a pixel value conversion function
- (b) is a pixel value inverse conversion function
- the pixel value conversion function (a) combines the area where the slope of the gamma curve is 1 or less (figure 1) and a straight line with a slope of 1, and uses the characteristics of the display terminal to efficiently reduce the dynamic range of the low pixel area. Has been reduced.
- Pixel value inverse transformation function
- (b) is the inverse function of the pixel value conversion function (a).
- the pixel value conversion table of FIG. 9 is obtained from the pixel value conversion function (a).
- the pixel value inverse function table is obtained by exchanging the input and output of the pixel value conversion table.
- the pixel value conversion function is an arbitrary function, and the corresponding pixel value conversion function is basically the inverse function of the pixel value conversion function, but the brightness is improved. May be.
- FIG. 10 shows the flow of processing performed by the image encoding device 0602 and the image decoding device 0702.
- step S1002 the input image data is stored in a memory so that it can be referred to as needed.
- a pixel value conversion table is created from the pixel value conversion function in step S1003, and the pixel value conversion table data is stored in the memory in step S1004. And refer to it as needed.
- the pixels of the input image data are subjected to pixel value conversion in step S1005 using the pixel value conversion table data, and the pixel value converted image after the pixel value conversion is stepped.
- the data is stored in the memory in step S106.
- the image coding processing unit 0609 reads the pixel value converted image in the memory, performs JPEG coding, and outputs the output encoded data to the data output device 0603.
- the input coded data is stored in the memory from the data input device 0701 in step S1010.
- a pixel value inverse conversion table is created in step S1011, and stored in the pixel value inverse conversion table memory in step S101.
- JPEG decoding is performed in step S1013, and the decoded image is stored in the memory in step S114.
- step S11015 the pixel value inverse conversion processing unit 0709 reads the decoded image and the pixel value inverse conversion table from within the memory, and uses the pixel value inverse conversion image as a restored image as an image output device. Output to 0 7 0 3.
- FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are diagrams showing the configuration of the image encoding device according to the present invention.
- the input image buffer 1 104 is composed of an input image buffer 1 201 and a region division image encoding device 110.
- 6 is a region-divided image coding device 1 205 and region 1 image coding device 1 108 is a region 1 image coding device 1 203 and a region 2 image coding device 1 1 1 0 Is the same as the region 2 image coding device 124
- the image encoding device 1102 receives an input image from the image input device 1101. And outputs the joined coded data to the data output device 1103.
- the image encoding device 1102 has an input image buffer 1104 (1201), a region dividing unit 1105, a region dividing image encoding device 1106 (1205), and a region.
- FIG. 12 shows the configuration of the area dividing unit 1105.
- the region dividing unit 1105 in FIG. 11 corresponds to the region dividing unit 122 in FIG.
- the area dividing unit 1 1 05 (1 2 0 2) includes an image encoding processing unit 1 206, an encoded data buffer 1 2 0 7, an image decoding processing unit 1 2 0 8, and a decoded image buffer 1 2 0 9, block extraction processing unit 1 2 1 0, extracted block data buffer 1 2 1 1, feature distortion calculation processing unit 1 2 1 2, region division processing unit 1 2 1 3, region division image buffer 1 2 1 4, It is composed of an area image creation processing section 12 15, an area 1 image buffer 12 16, and an area 2 image buffer 12 17.
- the input image buffer 1104 stores the input image data input from the image input device 111.
- the image encoding processing unit 1206 receives input image data from the input image buffer 1104 (1201), performs image encoding, and encodes the encoded data into an encoded data buffer 1207. Write to.
- the image decoding processing unit 1208 reads the decoded image data from the encoded data buffer 1207, performs decoding, and writes the decoded image to the decoded image buffer 1209.
- the block extraction processing unit 1 2 1 0 is the input image buffer 1 1 04 (1 2 0
- the feature distortion calculation processing unit 1 2 1 2 reads the extracted block data from the extracted block data evening buffer 1 2 1 1 and performs the feature distortion calculation. And output the characteristic distortion data.
- the region division processing unit 1 2 1 3 performs region division according to the size of the feature distortion data, writes the region division image data into the region division image buffer 1 2 14, and the region image creation processing unit 1 2 1 5
- the area divided image data and the input image data are read from the area divided image buffer 1 2 1 4 and the input image buffer 1 201, respectively, and the area 1 image data and the area 2 image data are created in accordance with the area divided image data.
- the region-divided image encoding device 1 1 0 6 (1 2 0 5) reads and encodes the region-divided image data from the region-divided image buffer 12 14, and uses the encoded data as region-divided image encoded data. Write to the area division coded data buffer 1 107.
- the area 1 image encoding device 1 1 08 (1 203) reads the area 1 image data from the area 1 image buffer 1 2 16 and performs encoding, and converts the encoded data as area 1 encoded data. Write to the area 1 encoded data buffer 1109.
- the area 2 image encoding device 1 1 1 0 (1 2 0 4) reads the area 2 image data from the area 2 image buffer 1 2 17, performs encoding, and encodes the encoded data into area 2 Write data to the area 2 encoded data buffer 1 1 1 1 as data.
- the coded data splicing processing unit 1 1 1 2 converts the coded data of the region-divided image, the coded data of the region 1 and the coded data of the region 2 into the coded data of the region-divided image and the coded data buffer 1 1, respectively. 07, area 1 coded data buffer 1 1 109, area 2 coded data buffer 1 1 1 Read from the data buffer 1, join these three coded data into one, and combine the coded data. And writes it to the junction coded data buffer 1 1 13 and outputs it to the data output device 110 3.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration of an image decoding device according to the present invention.
- the image decoding device 1302 has an input data buffer 1304, Evening separation processing unit 13 05, region segmented image decoding device 13 06, region 1 image decoding device 13 08, region 2 image decoding device 13 10, region segmented decoded image buffer 1 307, area 1 decoded image buffer 13 09, area 2 decoded image buffer 1311, decoded image data splicing processing unit 1312, spliced decoded image buffer 1313 It receives the encoded data from the data input device 1301, and outputs the combined decoded image data to the image output device 1303.
- the input data buffer 1304 stores the input data input from the data input device 1301.
- the encoded data separation processing unit 1305 reads the input data from the input data buffer 1304, and converts the input data into the area divided image encoded data, the area 1 image encoded data, and the area 2 image encoded data. They are separated and output to the region-divided image decoding device 13 06, the region 1 image decoding device 13 08, and the region 2 image decoding device 13 10, respectively.
- the region-divided image decoding device 1306 receives the region-divided image-encoded data from the encoded data separation processing unit 1305, and uses the decoded image obtained by decoding as a region-divided decoded image, Write to the area division decoded image buffer 13 07.
- the region 1 image decoding device 13 08 receives the region 1 image coded data from the coded data separation processing section 13 05, and sets the decoded image obtained by decoding as the region 1 decoded image, Area 1 Write to decoded image buffer 1309.
- the region 2 image decoding device 1310 receives the region 2 image coded data from the coded data separation processing unit 13 05, and sets the decoded image obtained by decoding as the region 2 decoded image, Area 2 Write to decoded image buffer 1 3 1 1
- the decoded image data splicing unit 1 3 1 2 outputs the region-divided decoded image data from the region-divided decoded image buffer 1307, the region 1 decoded image buffer 1309, and the region 2 decoded image buffer 1 3
- the area 1 decoded image data and the area 2 decoded image data are read, and they are joined to be written as joined decoded image data to the joined decoded image buffer 13 13 and output to the image output device 13 03.
- Input image buffer 1 1 0 4 (1 2 0 1), area division coded data buffer 1 1 0 7, area 1 coded data buffer 1 1 0 9, area 2 coded data buffer 1 1 1 1, junction code Encoded data buffer 1 1 1 3, Encoded data buffer 1 2 0 7, Decoded image buffer 1 2 0 9, Extracted block data buffer 1 2 1 1, Area-divided image buffer 1 2 1 4, Area 1 Image buffer 1 2 1 6, Area 2 Image buffer 1 2 1 7
- Input data buffer 13 04 area divided decoded image buffer 13 07, area 1 decoded image buffer 13 09, area 2 decoded image buffer 13 11, spliced decoded image buffer 13 13
- Area-divided image encoding device 1 106 (1 205), region 1 image encoding device 1 1 108 (1 203), region 2 by RAM (random access memory) such as flash memory and hard disk Image encoding device 1 1 1 0 (1 2 0 4), coded data splicing processing unit 1 1 1 2 Image encoding processing unit 1 206, Image decoding processing unit 1 208,
- the processing performed by the area image creation processing unit 1215 determines which area of each block of the input image 1802 is to be formed by the area division image, and in the block number order.
- the block is copied to create area 1 image 1801 and area 2 image 1803.
- the decoded image data joining processing unit 1312 may perform the reverse operation according to the region-divided decoded image.
- the area division image may be any image including a non-image as long as it can be understood which block of the input image corresponds to each block force of each area image.
- the number of areas divided is 2, but there is no limit.
- Region-divided image decoding device 13 06, region 1 image decoding device 13 08, region The area 2 image decoding device 1310 must be able to decode the area divided image encoded data, the area 1 encoded data, and the area 2 encoded data, respectively.
- the image encoding device 1108 must have the same image encoding method as the image encoding processing unit 1206, and the image encoding method is small, for example, as in the JPEG compression method. Any irreversible compression method that can perform processing in units of areas may be used.
- region-divided image encoding device 1106 may use any lossless encoding method.
- any encoding method that can ensure image quality suitable for the purpose may be used.
- the spliced coded data created by the coded data splicing processing unit 1 1 1 2 combines the divided coded data and each area coded data into one.
- the spliced coded data is the original divided code. Any format may be used as long as it contains information that can be separated into coded data and each area coded data. For example, as shown in Fig. 17, the header section contains the capacity of the original coded data, The information of the vertical and horizontal size of the input image is provided, and the main body may be the original encoded data.
- the region 1 image encoding device 111 and the region 2 image encoding device 111 may perform encoding simply by setting a parameter required for encoding to a certain value.
- the image encoding apparatus described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment performs the encoding by optimizing the parameters required for the encoding
- the third embodiment Any device other than coding, such as a device that performs image processing before coding like the described image coding device, may be used.
- Huffman coding is used for the region-divided image encoding device 1 106, the region 2 image encoding device 1 110, the region-divided image decoding device 130, and the region 2 image decoding device 133.
- Area 1 image encoding device 1108 uses the image encoding device 0302 that uses the JPEG compression method described in the second embodiment.
- Region 1 image decoding processing device 13 08 will be described using an example using the JPEG compression method.
- FIG. 14 shows the flow of processing of the image encoding device 1102. 6
- the quantization parameters Q of the JPEG compression method and the threshold values SN1th, SN2th, and SN3th of the characteristic distortion SN of the completely flat block, flat block, and general block are set in step S1402.
- the image input from the image input device 1101 is stored in the input image buffer 1104 (1201) in step S1403.
- JPEG is performed with the quantization parameter Q in step S1404, and in the image decoding processing unit 1208, in step S1405, in step S1404, Decode the encoded data.
- the decoded image data that has been decoded is stored in the decoded image buffer 1209 in step S 1406.
- step S 1407 a memory area for a divided image is secured for the number of vertical and horizontal pixels corresponding to all the number of vertical and horizontal blocks when the input image is divided into blocks (8 ⁇ 8 pixels).
- step S 1408 The area is divided in step S 1408, and the detailed processing flow is shown in FIG.
- step S1502 0 is substituted for n indicating a block number.
- Step S1503 is performed by the block extraction processing section 1210, and the eleventh block of the input image data and the decoded image data is extracted, and the extracted block data is stored in the overnight buffer 1 2 1 1 Stores the pixel value of the block.
- Step S1504 is performed by the feature distortion calculation processing section 1 212 to calculate the feature distortion SN represented by Equation 6 of the n-th block.
- the n-th block of the decoded image is a completely flat block and flat blocks other than the completely flat block in steps S 1505 and S 1507. It is branched by a general block, and evaluated by the threshold value of the characteristic distortion according to the type of block in any one of S 506, SI 508, and SI 509.
- the region 1 to be coded is set, and the ⁇ -th pixel value of the region-divided image is set to 0 in step S1510. If the value is equal to or larger than the ⁇ value, the region becomes the region 2 to be coded by the Huffman coding method. Write.
- step S1512 ⁇ is incremented and updated to the next block number.
- step S1513 the block number ⁇ is compared with the total number of blocks ⁇ to determine whether all blocks have been evaluated.
- Steps S1503 to S1513 are repeated, and when the area division is completed for all the blocks, the area image creation processing unit 1215 performs step S1409, and As shown in Fig. 18, using the region-divided images, region 1 image data in which blocks of the input image in region 1 are arranged in a horizontal line, and region 2 in which blocks of the input image in region 2 are arranged in a horizontal line Create image data.
- Region 1 In the image encoding device 1 108, the region 1 The image data is encoded by optimizing the JPEG quantization parameter, and the encoded data is stored as an area 1 encoded data buffer in an area 1 encoded data buffer 1109 in S14411. Since the region 1 image encoding device 1108 is the image encoding device 0302 described in the second embodiment, the detailed processing flow of step S1410, which is the process, is as follows. Omitted.
- step S 1412 the region segmented image data and the region 2 image data are Huffman-encoded by the region segmented image encoding device 1106 and the region 2 image encoding device 1110.
- the area-divided image encoded data is stored in the area-divided encoded data buffer 1107, and the area2 encoded data is stored in the area2 encoded data buffer 1111.
- step S 1 4 1 the area divided image coded data, the area 1 coded data, and the area 2 coded data are joined into one as shown in FIG. It joins the encoded data and outputs the joined encoded data to the data output device 110 3.
- FIG. 16 shows the flow of processing of the image decoding apparatus 132.
- the input data input from the data input device 1301 is stored in the input data buffer 1304 in step S1662.
- step S1663 the image data is separated into coded region divided image data, coded region 1 image data, and coded region 2 image data.
- the Huffman decoding in step S 1604 is performed, and the region-divided decoded image data is
- the area 2 decoded image buffer 1310 stores the area 2 decoded image data in the area 2 decoded image buffer 1311.
- the region 1 encoded data is decoded in step S 16 06, and the decoded region 2 decoded image is stored in the region 2 decoded image data buffer in step S 16 07. Store.
- the pixel value of the region-divided decoded image is used as the block of the region 1 decoded image in the corresponding block in step S1608.
- the lock and the block of the area 2 decoded image are copied, and concatenated decoded image data as a decoded image is created and output to the image output device 133.
- the third embodiment may be combined with other embodiments.
- the image encoding apparatus of the present invention can accurately evaluate the image quality of a decoded image by extracting and analyzing a portion of the decoded image in which a human is likely to feel deterioration as an image quality evaluation index of the irreversible image compression method.
- the highest compression ratio can be obtained with a certain level of visual quality.
- the encoding parameter can be automatically set to an optimum value to obtain an optimal compression ratio within the image quality to be obtained.
- the image decoding device of the present invention in combination with the image encoding device, it is possible to greatly increase the compression ratio without lowering the visual image quality.
Description
Claims
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- 2000-09-15 TW TW89118950A patent/TW502539B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-15 TW TW91114110A patent/TW535438B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-19 EP EP20000961086 patent/EP1215909B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-19 WO PCT/JP2000/006386 patent/WO2001022734A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2000-09-19 DE DE60045419T patent/DE60045419D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-19 US US10/070,957 patent/US7016420B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2001094990A (ja) | 2001-04-06 |
TW535438B (en) | 2003-06-01 |
EP1215909B1 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
EP1215909A1 (en) | 2002-06-19 |
US20060023793A1 (en) | 2006-02-02 |
US7016420B1 (en) | 2006-03-21 |
US7830966B2 (en) | 2010-11-09 |
EP1215909A4 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
DE60045419D1 (de) | 2011-02-03 |
JP3701522B2 (ja) | 2005-09-28 |
TW502539B (en) | 2002-09-11 |
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