WO2002026017A2 - Routing based on the contents of a shopping cart - Google Patents

Routing based on the contents of a shopping cart Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002026017A2
WO2002026017A2 PCT/US2001/029109 US0129109W WO0226017A2 WO 2002026017 A2 WO2002026017 A2 WO 2002026017A2 US 0129109 W US0129109 W US 0129109W WO 0226017 A2 WO0226017 A2 WO 0226017A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
customer
item
collection
value
routing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2001/029109
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Andrew D. Flockhart
Richard B. Hull
Gregory L. Anderson
Bharat Kumar
Kevin George Irwig
Original Assignee
Avaya Technology Corp.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Avaya Technology Corp. filed Critical Avaya Technology Corp.
Priority to AU2001291066A priority Critical patent/AU2001291066A1/en
Publication of WO2002026017A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002026017A2/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/10Office automation; Time management
    • G06Q10/107Computer-aided management of electronic mailing [e-mailing]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00Commerce
    • G06Q30/02Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
    • G06Q30/0241Advertisements
    • G06Q30/0251Targeted advertisements
    • G06Q30/0253During e-commerce, i.e. online transactions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00Commerce
    • G06Q30/06Buying, selling or leasing transactions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00Commerce
    • G06Q30/06Buying, selling or leasing transactions
    • G06Q30/0601Electronic shopping [e-shopping]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to routing contacts based on predetermined criteria and specifically to routing contacts in an Internet call center.
  • E-commerce web-sites are becoming increasingly popular with consumers as an efficient, convenient and low cost way to shop for merchandise.
  • the customer's web browser accesses web pages provided by the web-site's web server.
  • the customer can add merchandise to be purchased to a "shopping cart" by clicking on an icon.
  • the shopping cart is a data structure typically stored on the customer's computer or on the web server.
  • the data structure is forwarded along with a cookie identifying the customer to the web server which processes the order.
  • the invention is generally directed to the routing of a contact to a contact center based on one or more of the identification of a customer, a file address associated with the customer, the historical business relationship with the customer, an estimated business value of the customer, one or more of the items in an order or collection of item(s) of the customer, and or a value of one or more of the items in the collection of item(s).
  • This information is typically used to decide on the quality and/or skills of the agent needed to service the contact and/or the prioritization of the contact to provide more desirable customers with lower queue wait times.
  • a method for routing contacts in a contact center includes the steps of:
  • evaluating a collection of one or more items e.g., a data structure such as a shopping cart, an electronic order such as a fax, a webform, e-mail text, voice call, NoIP , text chat, electronic documents, voice message, etc.
  • items e.g., a data structure such as a shopping cart, an electronic order such as a fax, a webform, e-mail text, voice call, NoIP , text chat, electronic documents, voice message, etc.
  • the contact can be in the form of a voice communication or an electronic communication, such as e-mail, fax, webform, NoIP, and voice message.
  • the use of the value of item(s) in the collection and/or type(s) of item(s) in the collection to determine the quality and skills of the agent to service the customer and/or to prioritize the contact should curtail abandonment of high- value transactions and thereby reduce overall business losses.
  • the collection of one or more items is an electronic order accessed via a network by a computational component associated with the contact center.
  • the computational component can be an applet or similar software architecture.
  • an applet is an application program, such as an application program that is downloaded automatically through a World Wide Web browser and executed on the recipient's computer. This configuration is particularly useful in E-commerce web-sites associated with an Internet contact center.
  • the steps typically preceding the routing step are: (a) providing the customer with at least one web page that describes (or lists) one or more items; and (b) clicking on an icon on the at least one web page.
  • the icon can be a contact icon, an icon associated in some way with an item (e.g., clicking on the icon causes the item to be added to a shopping cart, wish cart, or wish list).
  • a "web page” is a file of information made available for viewing, such as a file made available for viewing on the World Wide Web, and typically seen by the user as a page of information on the screen
  • an "icon” is a picture or figure or symbol on a display that represents a particular object, operation and/or group of files.
  • the method includes the step of comparing (i) and/or (ii) with predetermined information (e.g., a file or set of one or more items and/or a value) to determine the objective or destination of the routing step.
  • predetermined information e.g., a file or set of one or more items and/or a value
  • the objective of the routing step for example, is a queue or a working agent.
  • a system for servicing contacts in a contact center includes:
  • evaluating means e.g., software
  • routing means e.g., software
  • a system for servicing contacts in a contact center includes:
  • an evaluator for evaluating a collection of one or more items of a customer to determine at least one of (i) one or more item(s) in the collection and (ii) the value(s) of one or more item(s) in the collection;
  • a router for routing a contact of the customer to at least one of a working agent and queue in the contact center based on (i) and/or (ii).
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a contact center according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart depicting a method of operation of the contact center according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart depicting a method of operation of the contact center according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION Fig. 1 shows an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
  • a contact center comprises a central server 10 (such as a modified version of the CRM Central 2000 ServerTM of Lucent Technologies, Inc.), a set of data stores or databases 12 containing contact or customer related information and other information that can enhance the value and efficiency of the contact, and a plurality of servers, namely a fax server 24, a web server 20, an email server 16, and other servers 13, a private branch exchange PBX 28 (or private automatic exchange PAX), a plurality of working agents 14 operating computer work stations, such as personal computers, and/or telephones or other type of voice communications equipment, all interconnected by a local area network LAN (or wide area network WAN) 36.
  • a local area network LAN or wide area network WAN
  • the fax server 24, web server 20 and email server 16 are connected via communication connections 40 to an Internet and/or intranet 44.
  • the other servers 13 can be connected via optional communication lines 22, 32 to the PBX 28 and/or Internet or intranet 44.
  • other servers 13 could include a scanner (which is normally not connected to the PBX 28 or Internet or intranet 44), interactive voice recognition INR software, NoIP software, video call software, voice messaging software, an IP voice server, and the like.
  • the PBX 28 is connected via a plurality of trunks 18 to the public switch telecommunication network PSTN 48 and to the fax server 24 and telephones of the agents 14.
  • faxes can be received via the PSTN 48 or via the Internet or intranet 44 by means of a suitably equipped personal computer.
  • the PBX 28, fax server 24, email server 16, web server 20, and database 12 are conventional.
  • the central server 10 forwards a voice contact to an agent
  • the central server 10 also forwards information from databases 12 to the agent's computer work station for viewing (such as by a pop-up display) to permit the agent to better serve the customer.
  • the central server 10 is notified via LAN 36 of an incoming real-time or non-real-time contact by the telecommunications component (e.g., PBX 28, fax server 24, email server 16, web server 20, and/or other server 13) receiving the incoming contact.
  • the incoming contact is held by the receiving telecommunications component until the central server 10 forwards instructions to the component to forward the contact to a specific station or agent 14.
  • the server 10 distributes and connects these contacts to stations 14 of available agents based on set of predetermined criteria.
  • the agents 14 process the contacts sent to them by the central server 10.
  • the memory 30 includes a plurality of sets 38 of call queues 42 and 46.
  • Each set 38 of call queues 42 and 46 conventionally serves and holds contacts for a different work type and/or for real- versus non-real-time contacts, h the depicted embodiment, queues 42 serve non-real-time contacts while queues 46 serve real-time contacts.
  • This embodiment is particularly suited for a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) environment in which customers are permitted to use any media to contact a business. In a CRM environment, both real-time and non-real-time contacts must be handled and distributed with equal efficiency and effectiveness.
  • CRM Customer Relationship Management
  • each queue holds contacts of a different priority and/or different type (e.g., e-mail, fax, electronic or paper documents, webform submissions, voice messages, voice calls, NoIP calls, text chat, video calls, and the like).
  • the priority of a contact is determined according to well known predefined criteria.
  • the priority of a contact is determined according to well known predefined criteria, as set forth in copending U.S. Application "An Arrangement for Controlling the Volume and Type of Contacts in an Internet Call Center", having Attorney File No.
  • Each queue 42 and 46 normally functions as a first-in, first-out (FIFO) buffer memory, and includes a plurality of entries, or positions 50, each for identifying a corresponding one enqueued contact.
  • the position 50 at the head of the queue is considered to be position 1, the next subsequent position 50 to be position number 2, and so forth.
  • Memory 30 further includes an estimated wait time (EWT) function, (or waiting time predictor) 54.
  • EWT estimated wait time
  • this function determines an estimate of how long a contact that is placed in a queue 42 or 46 will have to wait before being delivered to an agent 14 for servicing. The estimate is derived separately by EWT function 54 for each queue 42 or 46 of each set 38.
  • the estimate is based on the average rate of advance of calls through positions 50 of the contacts' corresponding queue 46.
  • An illustrative implementation of EWT function 54 for real-time contacts is disclosed by U.S. Patent 5,506,898.
  • the estimate is determined differently than for real-time contacts.
  • the technique(s) for estimating the EWT is set forth in copending U.S. Provisional Application entitled "WAIT TIME PREDICTION ARRANGEMENT FOR NON-REALTIME CUSTOMER CONTACTS" having Serial No. 60/200,520 and a filing date of April 27, 2000, and in copending U.S. Patent application having Attorney File No.
  • the system records the time at which each item is serviced from its respective queue.
  • the advance time is then calculated by measuring the time interval between the time of servicing of a first item in the first position 50 at the head of the queue and the time of servicing of a second, later item in the second position. Stated another way, the advance time is determined by the following equation:
  • Advance Time (the time of servicing of the second item) - (the time of servicing of the first item).
  • the weighted average advance time WAT can then be determined using the advance time, the Estimated Wait Time EWT using the WAT.
  • a filter 58 is provided.
  • the processor 34 sets an indicator 62 when a predetermined type of event occurs and the filter 58 discards the advance time associated with the marked item.
  • Predetermined types of events are as follows:
  • the respective queue has no working agents available for servicing items from the queue. This event occurs, for example, after normal working hours when the contact center is unstaffed. Non-real-time contacts will remain in the queue during the unstaffed period.
  • the respective queue is empty. This event occurs, for example, during quiet periods in which there are no items in the queue.
  • the system clock is changed. This event occurs, for example, when the system clock is changed to or from daylight savings time. Non-real-time contacts may remain in the queue during the clock change.
  • the system is nonoperational. This event occurs, for example, when the system is down for a time and then rebooted. Non-real-time contacts may persist in the queue during the period the system is shut down.
  • Memory 30 can further include a contact-selection (SEL) function 26.
  • Function 26 is conventional in that, for each contact at the head of a queue, it determines, for real-time a current or oldest wait time or CWT, the weighted average advance time WAT, the expected wait time EWT, and or the predicted wait time PWT (which is the sum of the CWT and WAT), and, for each available agent, it selects a contact from queues 42 and/or 46 for connection to and handling by that agent. This feature is further described in U.S. Patent 5,905,793, which is incorporated herein by this reference.
  • the center 10 is shown as being connected via communication lines 40 to a plurality of interfaces 51 a-d (e.g., graphical user interfaces, etc.) between a customer and the contact center.
  • interfaces 51 a-d e.g., graphical user interfaces, etc.
  • communication lines 40 can alternatively conduct voice energy from a contacting entity.
  • the center 10 can be connected to a web server 20 to provide collections (or files) of information stored in the memory (not shown) of the web server 20 for viewing by a contacting entity via trunks 40 and interfaces 51.
  • the files of information such as web pages, can include features such as contact icons or informational messages to facilitate service of the contacting entity by the contact center 10, and/or information regarding merchandise and/or services for sale to the contacting entity.
  • the memory 30 includes a router 80 for routing contacts to the appropriate queue 42 or 46 and a comparer 84 for providing input to the router 80 relating to the relative priority of each such contact.
  • Each interface 51 a-d is typically a computer, such as a personal computer, that includes a memory 70 and attached processor 74.
  • the memory 70 includes a web browser 76, one or more web pages 78, a data structure 82, such as a shopping cart, for recording items (goods or services) selected by the customer for possible purchase, an identifier 86, such as a cookie, that is unique to the customer and is referenced in some manner by the data structure 82, and an evaluator 90, such as an applet, for examining or evaluating the contents of the data structure 82 in response to a signal from the contact center 10.
  • a web browser 76 includes a web browser 76, one or more web pages 78, a data structure 82, such as a shopping cart, for recording items (goods or services) selected by the customer for possible purchase, an identifier 86, such as a cookie, that is unique to the customer and is referenced in some manner by the data structure 82, and an evaluator 90, such as
  • a "cookie” is information that is stored on a user's computer by a browser, typically at the request of software at a web-site. Web-sites typically use cookies to recognize users who have previously visited them.
  • the operation of the router 80 and comparer 84 will now be described with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
  • the customer in box 100 sends a message to the contact center 10, such as by clicking on an icon on a web page.
  • the signal may itself be a contact for handling by a working agent 14 or initiate a contact with a working agent 14.
  • the signal may contain the data structure 82 and attached cookie 86 and seek processing or completion of an order.
  • the signal could be a request for assistance via a voice or electronic contact.
  • Examples include an IP call from the customer's computer to the agent's computer, a voice call through a voice network that operates in collaboration with a datalink, escorted browsing of the customer by the agent over an IP link, a direct voice contact with an agent, and the like, hi that event, the working agent or the customer could initiate the contact.
  • the customer can call the contact center or click a contact icon to cause the working agent to initiate a call to the customer.
  • the evaluator 90 determines the value of one or more items in the data structure 82.
  • the evaluator 90 could, for example, determine the total value of the items in the data structure 82.
  • the evaluator 90 could determine the value of the highest value item in the data structure 82. Other permutations are possible, such as determining the average value of items in the data structure 82.
  • the evaluator 90 can perform this step in response to the clicking of the button in box 100 and/or continuously or periodically during the customer's viewing of web pages 78. In any event, the evaluator 90 forwards a signal to the comparer 84 via trunk 40 containing the results of the examination of the data structure 82.
  • the comparer 84 compares the value of the item(s) in the data structure 82 with a first predetermined value, hi this case, the predetermined value is shown as being $200, though any value can be used depending upon the application. If the value of the item(s) in the data structure 82 equals or exceeds the first predetermined value, the router 80 in box 112 assigns a high priority to the contact or signal and directs the contact to a high priority route point or queue. As will be appreciated, the route point is referred to as a Vector Directory Number or VDN in the Definity® architecture of Lucent Technologies, hie.
  • the processor 34 proceeds to decision diamond 116 in which the comparer 84 compares the value of the item(s) in the data structure to a second, lower predetermined value.
  • the predetermined value is shown as being $50, though any value can be used depending upon the application. If the value of the item(s) in the data structure 82 equals or exceeds the first predetermined value, the router 80 in box 120 assigns a medium priority to the contact or signal and directs the contact to a medium priority route point or queue.
  • Fig. 3 depicts another mode of operation for the architecture of Fig. 1.
  • the evaluator 90 examines the nature or type of items in the data structure 82 to pair the customer with a working agent having the skills to deal with the items and/or complete the order and/or to determine a priority to be assigned to the customer, hi box 150, the evaluator 90 examines the data structure 82 to identify the type or nature of items therein.
  • the comparer 84 determines if the items include a first type of item.
  • the flowchart uses books as the first type of item, any type of item can be used. If the items include a first type of item, the router 80 in box 158 directs the contact to a queue or route point having agents skilled to service that type of item. In decision diamond 162, the comparer 84 determines if the items include a second type of item. Although the flowchart uses CD's as the second type of item, any type of item can be used. If the items include a second type of item, the router 80 in box 166 directs the contact to a second queue or route point having agents skilled to service that type of item. In decision diamond 170, the comparer 84 determines if the items include a third type of item.
  • the router in box 174 directs the contact to a third queue or route point having agents skilled to service that type of item, h the event that the data structure 82 does not contain any of the first, second, and third items, the router 80 in box 178 directs the contact to a generic (fourth) queue or route point for which no special skills of an agent are required.
  • the architecture of Fig. 3 can be used to identify item types having a high priority or desirability for servicing. For example, certain types of items can have a high success rate for completing sales, a high success rate for cross-selling other items and/or inventory is over-stocked. Alternatively, the architecture can be used to identify low priority items or items that are less desirable for servicing. For example, certain types of items can have a low success rate for completing sales, a low success rate for cross-selling other items and/or a low availability in inventory.
  • the router can use information other than or in addition to that set forth above in prioritizing or directing the contact to a pertinent queue.
  • information includes one or more of the identification of a customer, a file address associated with the customer (e.g., a cookie), the historical business relationship (or prior business volume) with the customer, and/or an estimated business value of the customer.
  • the latter factor could include the type of entity, wealth or financial resources of the entity and/or geographical location of the entity.
  • the evaluator analyzes an electronic message, such as a webform, or an e-mail message and determines a value associated with an actual or potential (nonelectronic) order and/or items in the order to permit the router to rout the contact accordingly.
  • the evaluator input determines the type of request for contact. For example, the router may for high priority contacts cause the agent to contact the customer and for low priority contacts request the customer to call the agent.
  • the present invention in various embodiments, includes components, methods, processes, systems and/or apparatus substantially as depicted and described herein, including various embodiments, subcombinations, and subsets thereof. Those of skill in the art will understand how to make and use the present invention after understanding the present disclosure.
  • the present invention in various embodiments, includes providing devices and processes in the absence of items not depicted and/or described herein or in various embodiments hereof, including in the absence of such items as may have been used in previous devices or processes, e.g. for improving performance, achieving ease and ⁇ or reducing cost of implementation.

Description

ROUTING BASED ON THE CONTENTS OF A SHOPPING CART
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to routing contacts based on predetermined criteria and specifically to routing contacts in an Internet call center.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION E-commerce web-sites are becoming increasingly popular with consumers as an efficient, convenient and low cost way to shop for merchandise. In a typical E-commerce web-site, the customer's web browser accesses web pages provided by the web-site's web server. The customer can add merchandise to be purchased to a "shopping cart" by clicking on an icon. The shopping cart is a data structure typically stored on the customer's computer or on the web server. When the customer desires to complete the order, the data structure is forwarded along with a cookie identifying the customer to the web server which processes the order.
Each year hundreds of millions dollars of potential business are lost in E-commerce web-sites due to the failure of a customer to complete an order. Studies have shown that a significant number of shopping carts in E-commerce web-sites are abandoned because the customer is unable to obtain timely or appropriate service from the Internet call center supporting the web-site. In many cases, the customer has questions before he can complete the order which can only be answered by speaking with a working agent at the Internet call center. In other cases, the customer must speak to a working agent at the Internet call center to complete the order.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
These and other needs are addressed by the methods and architectures of the present invention. The invention is generally directed to the routing of a contact to a contact center based on one or more of the identification of a customer, a file address associated with the customer, the historical business relationship with the customer, an estimated business value of the customer, one or more of the items in an order or collection of item(s) of the customer, and or a value of one or more of the items in the collection of item(s). This information is typically used to decide on the quality and/or skills of the agent needed to service the contact and/or the prioritization of the contact to provide more desirable customers with lower queue wait times. In a first embodiment of the present invention, a method for routing contacts in a contact center is provided that includes the steps of:
(a) evaluating a collection of one or more items (e.g., a data structure such as a shopping cart, an electronic order such as a fax, a webform, e-mail text, voice call, NoIP , text chat, electronic documents, voice message, etc.) of a customer, e.g., to identify at least one of (i) at least one item in the collection and (ii) a value of at least one item in the collection; and
(b) routing a contact of the customer to at least one of a working agent and queue in the contact center based at least one of (i) and (ii). As will be appreciated, the contact can be in the form of a voice communication or an electronic communication, such as e-mail, fax, webform, NoIP, and voice message. The use of the value of item(s) in the collection and/or type(s) of item(s) in the collection to determine the quality and skills of the agent to service the customer and/or to prioritize the contact should curtail abandonment of high- value transactions and thereby reduce overall business losses. In one configuration, the collection of one or more items is an electronic order accessed via a network by a computational component associated with the contact center. The computational component can be an applet or similar software architecture. As will be appreciated, an applet is an application program, such as an application program that is downloaded automatically through a World Wide Web browser and executed on the recipient's computer. This configuration is particularly useful in E-commerce web-sites associated with an Internet contact center.
In a configuration for the Internet, the steps typically preceding the routing step are: (a) providing the customer with at least one web page that describes (or lists) one or more items; and (b) clicking on an icon on the at least one web page. The icon can be a contact icon, an icon associated in some way with an item (e.g., clicking on the icon causes the item to be added to a shopping cart, wish cart, or wish list). As used herein, a "web page" is a file of information made available for viewing, such as a file made available for viewing on the World Wide Web, and typically seen by the user as a page of information on the screen, and an "icon" is a picture or figure or symbol on a display that represents a particular object, operation and/or group of files. In another configuration, the method includes the step of comparing (i) and/or (ii) with predetermined information (e.g., a file or set of one or more items and/or a value) to determine the objective or destination of the routing step. The objective of the routing step, for example, is a queue or a working agent. In another embodiment, a system for servicing contacts in a contact center is provided that includes:
(a) evaluating means (e.g., software) for evaluating a collection of one or more items of a customer to determine at least one of (i) one or more item(s) in the collection and (ii) a value(s) of one or more item(s) in the collection; and (b) routing means (e.g., software) for routing a contact of the customer to at least one of a working agent and queue in the contact center based on (i) and/or (ii).
In yet another embodiment, a system for servicing contacts in a contact center is provided that includes:
(a) an evaluator for evaluating a collection of one or more items of a customer to determine at least one of (i) one or more item(s) in the collection and (ii) the value(s) of one or more item(s) in the collection; and
(b) a router for routing a contact of the customer to at least one of a working agent and queue in the contact center based on (i) and/or (ii).
The above-described embodiments and configurations are neither complete nor exhaustive. As will be appreciated, other embodiments of the invention are possible utilizing, alone or in combination, one or more of the features set forth above or described in detail below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a contact center according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a flowchart depicting a method of operation of the contact center according to a second embodiment of the present invention; and
Fig. 3 is a flowchart depicting a method of operation of the contact center according to a third embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Fig. 1 shows an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. A contact center comprises a central server 10 (such as a modified version of the CRM Central 2000 Server™ of Lucent Technologies, Inc.), a set of data stores or databases 12 containing contact or customer related information and other information that can enhance the value and efficiency of the contact, and a plurality of servers, namely a fax server 24, a web server 20, an email server 16, and other servers 13, a private branch exchange PBX 28 (or private automatic exchange PAX), a plurality of working agents 14 operating computer work stations, such as personal computers, and/or telephones or other type of voice communications equipment, all interconnected by a local area network LAN (or wide area network WAN) 36. The fax server 24, web server 20 and email server 16 are connected via communication connections 40 to an Internet and/or intranet 44. The other servers 13 can be connected via optional communication lines 22, 32 to the PBX 28 and/or Internet or intranet 44. As will appreciated, other servers 13 could include a scanner (which is normally not connected to the PBX 28 or Internet or intranet 44), interactive voice recognition INR software, NoIP software, video call software, voice messaging software, an IP voice server, and the like. The PBX 28 is connected via a plurality of trunks 18 to the public switch telecommunication network PSTN 48 and to the fax server 24 and telephones of the agents 14. As will be appreciated, faxes can be received via the PSTN 48 or via the Internet or intranet 44 by means of a suitably equipped personal computer. The PBX 28, fax server 24, email server 16, web server 20, and database 12 are conventional.
In the architecture of Fig. 1 when the central server 10 forwards a voice contact to an agent, the central server 10 also forwards information from databases 12 to the agent's computer work station for viewing (such as by a pop-up display) to permit the agent to better serve the customer.
As will be appreciated, the central server 10 is notified via LAN 36 of an incoming real-time or non-real-time contact by the telecommunications component (e.g., PBX 28, fax server 24, email server 16, web server 20, and/or other server 13) receiving the incoming contact. The incoming contact is held by the receiving telecommunications component until the central server 10 forwards instructions to the component to forward the contact to a specific station or agent 14. The server 10 distributes and connects these contacts to stations 14 of available agents based on set of predetermined criteria. The agents 14 process the contacts sent to them by the central server 10.
The memory 30 includes a plurality of sets 38 of call queues 42 and 46. Each set 38 of call queues 42 and 46 conventionally serves and holds contacts for a different work type and/or for real- versus non-real-time contacts, h the depicted embodiment, queues 42 serve non-real-time contacts while queues 46 serve real-time contacts. This embodiment is particularly suited for a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) environment in which customers are permitted to use any media to contact a business. In a CRM environment, both real-time and non-real-time contacts must be handled and distributed with equal efficiency and effectiveness. Within each set 38 of queues 42 and 46, each queue holds contacts of a different priority and/or different type (e.g., e-mail, fax, electronic or paper documents, webform submissions, voice messages, voice calls, NoIP calls, text chat, video calls, and the like). The priority of a contact is determined according to well known predefined criteria. Depending upon the type of contact (e.g., voice, e-mail, fax, electronic or paper documents, etc.), the priority of a contact is determined according to well known predefined criteria, as set forth in copending U.S. Application "An Arrangement for Controlling the Volume and Type of Contacts in an Internet Call Center", having Attorney File No. 4366-18 and filed concurrently herewith, which is incorporated herein by this reference, and/or as set forth below. Each queue 42 and 46 normally functions as a first-in, first-out (FIFO) buffer memory, and includes a plurality of entries, or positions 50, each for identifying a corresponding one enqueued contact. The position 50 at the head of the queue is considered to be position 1, the next subsequent position 50 to be position number 2, and so forth.
Memory 30 further includes an estimated wait time (EWT) function, (or waiting time predictor) 54. As its name implies, this function determines an estimate of how long a contact that is placed in a queue 42 or 46 will have to wait before being delivered to an agent 14 for servicing. The estimate is derived separately by EWT function 54 for each queue 42 or 46 of each set 38.
For real-time contacts, the estimate is based on the average rate of advance of calls through positions 50 of the contacts' corresponding queue 46. An illustrative implementation of EWT function 54 for real-time contacts is disclosed by U.S. Patent 5,506,898. For non-real-time contacts, the estimate is determined differently than for real-time contacts. The technique(s) for estimating the EWT is set forth in copending U.S. Provisional Application entitled "WAIT TIME PREDICTION ARRANGEMENT FOR NON-REALTIME CUSTOMER CONTACTS" having Serial No. 60/200,520 and a filing date of April 27, 2000, and in copending U.S. Patent application having Attorney File No. 4366-19, filed concurrently herewith and having the same title, and which are incorporated herein by this reference. The system records the time at which each item is serviced from its respective queue. The advance time is then calculated by measuring the time interval between the time of servicing of a first item in the first position 50 at the head of the queue and the time of servicing of a second, later item in the second position. Stated another way, the advance time is determined by the following equation:
Advance Time = (the time of servicing of the second item) - (the time of servicing of the first item).
The weighted average advance time WAT can then be determined using the advance time, the Estimated Wait Time EWT using the WAT.
To guard against substantial fluctuations in the advance time from certain types of events, a filter 58 is provided. The processor 34 sets an indicator 62 when a predetermined type of event occurs and the filter 58 discards the advance time associated with the marked item. Predetermined types of events are as follows:
(a) The respective queue has no working agents available for servicing items from the queue. This event occurs, for example, after normal working hours when the contact center is unstaffed. Non-real-time contacts will remain in the queue during the unstaffed period. (b) The respective queue is empty. This event occurs, for example, during quiet periods in which there are no items in the queue.
(c) The system clock is changed. This event occurs, for example, when the system clock is changed to or from daylight savings time. Non-real-time contacts may remain in the queue during the clock change. (d) The system is nonoperational. This event occurs, for example, when the system is down for a time and then rebooted. Non-real-time contacts may persist in the queue during the period the system is shut down.
(e) The agent defers the servicing of an enqueued item. Memory 30 can further include a contact-selection (SEL) function 26. Function 26 is conventional in that, for each contact at the head of a queue, it determines, for real-time a current or oldest wait time or CWT, the weighted average advance time WAT, the expected wait time EWT, and or the predicted wait time PWT (which is the sum of the CWT and WAT), and, for each available agent, it selects a contact from queues 42 and/or 46 for connection to and handling by that agent. This feature is further described in U.S. Patent 5,905,793, which is incorporated herein by this reference.
In Figure 1, the center 10 is shown as being connected via communication lines 40 to a plurality of interfaces 51 a-d (e.g., graphical user interfaces, etc.) between a customer and the contact center. As will be appreciated, communication lines 40 can alternatively conduct voice energy from a contacting entity.
The center 10 can be connected to a web server 20 to provide collections (or files) of information stored in the memory (not shown) of the web server 20 for viewing by a contacting entity via trunks 40 and interfaces 51. As will be appreciated, the files of information, such as web pages, can include features such as contact icons or informational messages to facilitate service of the contacting entity by the contact center 10, and/or information regarding merchandise and/or services for sale to the contacting entity.
To prioritize contacts, particularly contacts related to potential business sales, the memory 30 includes a router 80 for routing contacts to the appropriate queue 42 or 46 and a comparer 84 for providing input to the router 80 relating to the relative priority of each such contact.
Each interface 51 a-d is typically a computer, such as a personal computer, that includes a memory 70 and attached processor 74. The memory 70 includes a web browser 76, one or more web pages 78, a data structure 82, such as a shopping cart, for recording items (goods or services) selected by the customer for possible purchase, an identifier 86, such as a cookie, that is unique to the customer and is referenced in some manner by the data structure 82, and an evaluator 90, such as an applet, for examining or evaluating the contents of the data structure 82 in response to a signal from the contact center 10. As will be appreciated, a "cookie" is information that is stored on a user's computer by a browser, typically at the request of software at a web-site. Web-sites typically use cookies to recognize users who have previously visited them. The operation of the router 80 and comparer 84 will now be described with reference to Figures 1 and 2. After a customer has viewed one or more web pages 78 and selected one or more items that have been recorded in the data structure 82, the customer in box 100 sends a message to the contact center 10, such as by clicking on an icon on a web page. The signal may itself be a contact for handling by a working agent 14 or initiate a contact with a working agent 14. For example, the signal may contain the data structure 82 and attached cookie 86 and seek processing or completion of an order. Alternatively, the signal could be a request for assistance via a voice or electronic contact. Examples include an IP call from the customer's computer to the agent's computer, a voice call through a voice network that operates in collaboration with a datalink, escorted browsing of the customer by the agent over an IP link, a direct voice contact with an agent, and the like, hi that event, the working agent or the customer could initiate the contact. For example, the customer can call the contact center or click a contact icon to cause the working agent to initiate a call to the customer. hi box 104, the evaluator 90 determines the value of one or more items in the data structure 82. The evaluator 90 could, for example, determine the total value of the items in the data structure 82. Alternatively or at the same time, the evaluator 90 could determine the value of the highest value item in the data structure 82. Other permutations are possible, such as determining the average value of items in the data structure 82. The evaluator 90 can perform this step in response to the clicking of the button in box 100 and/or continuously or periodically during the customer's viewing of web pages 78. In any event, the evaluator 90 forwards a signal to the comparer 84 via trunk 40 containing the results of the examination of the data structure 82.
In decision diamond 108, the comparer 84 compares the value of the item(s) in the data structure 82 with a first predetermined value, hi this case, the predetermined value is shown as being $200, though any value can be used depending upon the application. If the value of the item(s) in the data structure 82 equals or exceeds the first predetermined value, the router 80 in box 112 assigns a high priority to the contact or signal and directs the contact to a high priority route point or queue. As will be appreciated, the route point is referred to as a Vector Directory Number or VDN in the Definity® architecture of Lucent Technologies, hie.
If the value of the item(s) in the data structure 82 is less than the first predetermined value, the processor 34 proceeds to decision diamond 116 in which the comparer 84 compares the value of the item(s) in the data structure to a second, lower predetermined value. In this case, the predetermined value is shown as being $50, though any value can be used depending upon the application. If the value of the item(s) in the data structure 82 equals or exceeds the first predetermined value, the router 80 in box 120 assigns a medium priority to the contact or signal and directs the contact to a medium priority route point or queue.
If the value of the item(s) in the data structure 82 is less than the first predetermined value, the router 80 in box 124 assigns a low priority to the contact or signal and directs the contact to a low priority route point or queue. Fig. 3 depicts another mode of operation for the architecture of Fig. 1. In this architecture, the evaluator 90 examines the nature or type of items in the data structure 82 to pair the customer with a working agent having the skills to deal with the items and/or complete the order and/or to determine a priority to be assigned to the customer, hi box 150, the evaluator 90 examines the data structure 82 to identify the type or nature of items therein. In decision diamond 154, the comparer 84 determines if the items include a first type of item. Although the flowchart uses books as the first type of item, any type of item can be used. If the items include a first type of item, the router 80 in box 158 directs the contact to a queue or route point having agents skilled to service that type of item. In decision diamond 162, the comparer 84 determines if the items include a second type of item. Although the flowchart uses CD's as the second type of item, any type of item can be used. If the items include a second type of item, the router 80 in box 166 directs the contact to a second queue or route point having agents skilled to service that type of item. In decision diamond 170, the comparer 84 determines if the items include a third type of item. Although the flowchart uses toys as the third type of item, any type of item can be used. If the items include a third type of item, the router in box 174 directs the contact to a third queue or route point having agents skilled to service that type of item, h the event that the data structure 82 does not contain any of the first, second, and third items, the router 80 in box 178 directs the contact to a generic (fourth) queue or route point for which no special skills of an agent are required.
As will be appreciated, the architecture of Fig. 3 can be used to identify item types having a high priority or desirability for servicing. For example, certain types of items can have a high success rate for completing sales, a high success rate for cross-selling other items and/or inventory is over-stocked. Alternatively, the architecture can be used to identify low priority items or items that are less desirable for servicing. For example, certain types of items can have a low success rate for completing sales, a low success rate for cross-selling other items and/or a low availability in inventory.
A number of variations and modifications of the invention can be used. It would be possible to provide for some features of the invention without providing others. For example in one alternative embodiment, the router can use information other than or in addition to that set forth above in prioritizing or directing the contact to a pertinent queue. Such information includes one or more of the identification of a customer, a file address associated with the customer (e.g., a cookie), the historical business relationship (or prior business volume) with the customer, and/or an estimated business value of the customer. For example, the latter factor could include the type of entity, wealth or financial resources of the entity and/or geographical location of the entity. In another alternative embodiment, the evaluator analyzes an electronic message, such as a webform, or an e-mail message and determines a value associated with an actual or potential (nonelectronic) order and/or items in the order to permit the router to rout the contact accordingly. In another embodiment, the evaluator input determines the type of request for contact. For example, the router may for high priority contacts cause the agent to contact the customer and for low priority contacts request the customer to call the agent.
The present invention, in various embodiments, includes components, methods, processes, systems and/or apparatus substantially as depicted and described herein, including various embodiments, subcombinations, and subsets thereof. Those of skill in the art will understand how to make and use the present invention after understanding the present disclosure. The present invention, in various embodiments, includes providing devices and processes in the absence of items not depicted and/or described herein or in various embodiments hereof, including in the absence of such items as may have been used in previous devices or processes, e.g. for improving performance, achieving ease and\or reducing cost of implementation.
The foregoing discussion of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. The foregoing is not intended to limit the invention to the form or forms disclosed herein. Although the description of the invention has included description of one or more embodiments and certain variations and modifications, other variations and modifications are within the scope of the invention, e.g. as may be within the skill and knowledge of those in the art, after understanding the present disclosure. It is intended to obtain rights which include alternative embodiments to the extent permitted, including alternate, interchangeable and/or equivalent structures, functions, ranges or steps to those claimed, whether or not such alternate, interchangeable and/or equivalent structures, functions, ranges or steps are disclosed herein, and without intending to publicly dedicate any patentable subject matter.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A method for routing contacts in a contact center, comprising: evaluating a collection of one or more items of a customer to identify at least one of
(a) at least one item in the collection and (b) a value of at least one item in the collection; and routing a contact of the customer to at least one of a working agent and queue in the contact center based on the at least one of an item in the collection and the value.
2. The method of Claim 1 , wherein the collection is an electronic order accessed via a network by a computational component associated with the contact center.
3. The method of Claim 2, wherein the computational component is an applet.
4. The method of Claim 1, further comprising: providing the customer with at least one web page that describes the at least one item and wherein the routing step follows a step of clicking on an icon on the at least one web page.
5. The method of Claim 1 , further comprising: comparing the at least one (a) and (b) with predetermined information to determine the destination of the routing step.
6. The method of Claim 5, wherein at least one item in the collection is compared with a list of items to determine the destination of the routing step.
7. The method of Claim 5, wherein the value is compared with a predetermined value to determine the destination of the routing step.
8. The method of Claim 1 , wherein the routing step further considers at least one of the following: the identity of the customer, a file address associated with the customer, the historical business relationship with the customer, and an estimated business value of the customer.
9. The method of Claim 1 , wherein the customer has accessed the contact center via a network and the evaluating step includes the step of evaluating the value and nature of the at least one item in a shopping cart, wish cart, or wish list.
10. A system for servicing contacts in a contact center, comprising: evaluating means for evaluating a collection of one or more items of a customer to determine at least one of (a) at least one item in the collection and (b) a value of at least one item in the collection; and routing means for routing a contact of the customer to at least one of a working agent and queue in the contact center based on the at least one of (a) and (b).
11. The system of Claim 10, wherein the collection is an electronic order accessed via a network by a computational component associated with the contact center.
12. The system of Claim 11, wherein the computational component is an applet.
13. The system of Claim 10, further comprising: providing means for providing the customer with at least one web page that describes the at least one item and wherein the routing means receives a signal in response to the customer's clicking on an icon on the at least one web page.
14. The system of Claim 10, further comprising: comparing means for comparing the at least one of (a) and (b) with predetennined information to determine the objective of the routing means.
15. The system of Claim 14, wherein the comparing means compares at least one item in the collection with a list of items to determine the objective of the routing means.
16. The system of Claim 13, wherein the comparing means compares a value of at least one item in the collection with a predetermined value to determine the objective of the routing means.
17. The system of Claim 10, wherein the evaluating mans evaluates the value and nature of the one or more items and the evaluating means is a computational component that is networked with a second computational component operated by the customer.
18. A system for servicing contacts in a contact center, comprising: an evaluator for evaluating a collection of one or more items of a customer to determine at least one of (a) at least one item in the collection and (b) a value of at least one item in the collection; a router for routing a contact of the customer to at least one of a working agent and queue in the contact center based on the at least one of (a) and (b).
19. The system of Claim 18, wherein the collection is an electronic order accessed via a network via a computational component associated with a contact center.
20. The system of Claim 19, wherein the computational component is an applet.
21. The system of Claim 18, further comprising: a web server for providing the customer with at least one web page that describes the at least one item and wherein the router receives a signal in response to the customer's clicking on an icon on the at least one web page.
22. The system of Claim 18, further comprising: a comparer for comparing at least one of (a) and (b) with predetermined information to determine the destination of the router.
23. The system of Claim 22, wherein the comparer compares at least one item in the collection with a list of items to determine the destination of the router.
24. The system of Claim 22, wherein the comparer compares a value of at least one item in the collection with a predetermined value to determine the destination of the router.
25. The system of Claim 18, wherein the evaluator evaluates the value and nature of the one or more items and the evaluator is a computational component networked with a second computational component operated by the customer.
PCT/US2001/029109 2000-09-25 2001-09-12 Routing based on the contents of a shopping cart WO2002026017A2 (en)

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