WO2002033454A1 - Pellicule d'acetate de cellulose ayant un retard optique et une epaisseur regules - Google Patents
Pellicule d'acetate de cellulose ayant un retard optique et une epaisseur regules Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002033454A1 WO2002033454A1 PCT/JP2001/009207 JP0109207W WO0233454A1 WO 2002033454 A1 WO2002033454 A1 WO 2002033454A1 JP 0109207 W JP0109207 W JP 0109207W WO 0233454 A1 WO0233454 A1 WO 0233454A1
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- film
- cellulose acetate
- liquid crystal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
- G02F1/133634—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation the refractive index Nz perpendicular to the element surface being different from in-plane refractive indices Nx and Ny, e.g. biaxial or with normal optical axis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cellulosic acetate with controlled retardation and thickness, and a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display using the same.
- the liquid crystal display device includes a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal cell.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1986/890 discloses a liquid crystal display device using an optical compensation sheet (retardation film) on one side of a polarizing film and an elliptically polarizing plate having a protective film on the other side. It is stated that the front contrast can be increased without increasing the thickness.
- the optical compensatory sheet of the present invention a phase difference is generated due to distortion due to heat or the like, and the phase difference causes frame-shaped light leakage at the time of black display of the liquid crystal display device, resulting in a problem in durability. I found that there was.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-191217 and European Patent Application No. 0 911 656 A2 disclose discotic compound compounds on a transparent support.
- an optical compensation sheet coated with such an optically anisotropic layer directly as a protective film of a polarizing plate By using an optical compensation sheet coated with such an optically anisotropic layer directly as a protective film of a polarizing plate, the above-mentioned problem relating to durability is solved without thickening the liquid crystal display device.
- An optical compensatory sheet of a conventional technology was used as a protective film.
- a general-purpose polarizing plate is used, light leakage that has not been apparent in the past occurs and the display quality is significantly impaired.
- Another problem is that when pasting a polarizing plate to a large panel, bending distortion occurs compared to that of a 15-inch panel, and cracking may occur in the cell acetate film, which is a protective film for the light plate. .
- An object of the present invention is to improve a cellulose acetate film used as a protective film of a polarizing plate or a support of an optical compensation sheet so that light leakage when used in a liquid crystal display device having a large liquid crystal panel size.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an excellent cell acetate film which does not cause problems such as the above.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing plate suitable for a liquid crystal display device having a large liquid crystal panel size.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having a high display quality and a large liquid crystal panel size.
- the first cause is a change in wet heat conditions in which the liquid crystal display device is placed.
- a cellulose acetate film used for a polarizing plate or an optical compensation sheet arranged in a liquid crystal display device is fixed to a polarizing film or a liquid crystal cell with an adhesive or the like.
- the expansion or contraction of the film due to the change in the wet heat condition is suppressed as a whole because the film is fixed. For this reason, it was found that the optical characteristics of the film changed, causing light leakage.
- the second cause is that a temperature distribution occurs in the cellulose acetate film due to lighting of a backlight used in a liquid crystal display device or the like. It has been found that this temperature distribution causes thermal distortion in the film, and the thermal distortion causes the same change in optical characteristics as described above, causing light leakage. It has been found that a polymer having a hydroxyl group such as cellulose acetate is greatly affected by the change in wet heat conditions. In order to eliminate this light leakage, it is necessary to reduce the change in the optical properties of the base film or the film used in the optical sheet. Good if the temperature distribution is small.
- the present invention relates to a cellulose acetate film comprising cellulose acetate having an acetylation degree in the range of 59.0 to 61.5%, wherein the Re retardation is defined by the following formula (I): The value is in the range of 0 to 20 nm, the Rth retardation value defined by the following formula (II) is in the range of 30 to 70 nm, and
- the present invention provides a senorelose acetate film having a thickness in the range of 10 to 70 ⁇ .
- nx is the refractive index in the slow axis direction in the film plane
- ny is the refractive index in the fast axis direction in the film plane
- nz is the refractive index in the thickness direction of the film.
- d is the thickness of the film.
- the present invention provides (I) a light-transmitting film and two transparent light-transmitting films disposed on both sides thereof, wherein at least one of the transparent protective films has a vinegar concentration of 59.0 to 6 to 5%.
- Knee 11 A cellulose acetate film comprising a certain cellulose acetate, wherein the plate is a luminous plate, wherein the cellulose acetate film defined by the above formula (I) has a 1 e letter decision value in the range of 0 to 20 nm;
- the Rth retardation value of the cellulose acetate film defined by (Ij) is in the range of 30 to 70 nm, and the thickness of the cellulose acetate film is in the range of 1,0 to 70 m.
- a polarizing plate characterized by the above-mentioned.
- the present invention comprises a liquid crystal cell and two polarizing plates disposed on both sides thereof, and the polarizing plate comprises a polarizing film and two transparent protective films disposed on both sides thereof.
- a liquid crystal in which at least one of the two transparent protective films disposed between the film and the film is a cell-acetate acetate film made of cellulose acetate having an acetylation degree in the range of 59.0 to 61.5%.
- a display device wherein the cellulose acetate finolem defined by the above formula (I) has a Re retardation value in the range of 0 to 20 nm, and the cellulose acetate film defined by the above formula (II).
- a liquid crystal display device characterized in that the Rth retardation value is in the range of S30 to 70 nm and the thickness of the senorelose acetate film is in the range of 10 to 70; am. .
- substantially parallel means ⁇ 5 from the exact angle. It means within the range below. This range is preferably less than ⁇ 4 °, ⁇ 3. Is more preferably less than ⁇ 2 °. Also, in this specification, the “slow axis” indicates the direction in which the refractive index is maximum, the “fast axis” indicates the direction in which the refractive index is minimum, and the “transmission axis”. (transmission axis) means the direction in which the transmittance becomes maximum.
- the present inventor has succeeded in providing a cellulose acetate film which is very suitable for a protective film of a polarizing plate or a support of an optical compensation sheet used for a large-sized liquid crystal display device.
- a cellulose acetate film according to the present invention as a protective material for a polarizing plate or a support for an optical compensation sheet, light leakage in a large liquid crystal display device ft can be prevented.
- the cracking of cellulose acetate in the process can be prevented.
- Light leakage prevention Lb and film crack prevention are achieved.
- the optical properties of the film change. Light leakage can be prevented by simply reducing the thickness of the cellulose acetate film to prevent light leakage.
- the optical characteristics of the polarizing plate or the optical sheet become insufficient.
- the present invention by maintaining the optical properties of the conventional cellulose acetate film and reducing the thickness of the film, it is possible to satisfy both the maintenance of the optical properties and the prevention of light leakage. We have obtained Senororose acetate film.
- a liquid crystal display device can be obtained by simply mounting a polarizing plate or an optical compensation sheet using a cell-acetate film according to the present invention instead of a conventional polarizing plate or optical compensation sheet used for a liquid crystal display device. Can be enlarged without problems (such as light leakage). Further, since the thickness of the cellulose acetate film according to the present invention is smaller than before, the thicknesses of the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal display device can be reduced.
- the polarizing plate using the above cellulose acetate film or an optical compensation sheet using the same as a support as a protective film is a TN (Twisted Nematic) type, VA (Vertical Alignment) type, IPS (In-plane Switching). It can be advantageously used for all liquid crystal display devices using a polarizing plate, such as a liquid crystal display or an OCB (optic al compensate bend) type.
- the thickness of the cellulose acetate film according to the present invention is in the range of 10 to 70 im. This thickness is preferably in the range of 20 to 60 m, and most preferably in the range of 30 to 50 ⁇ .
- the light transmittance coefficient of the cell-acetate film is preferably 1.0 X 10-". M 2 / Kg or less.
- the cellulose acetate film has a viscosity coefficient of 300 OMPa or less.
- the biaxial stretching is performed to reduce the meta-orientation of one molecule of the polymer.
- increase the coefficient of hygroscopic expansion It is preferable to be 30 0 X 0-% R 1-1 or less.
- the coefficient of hygroscopic expansion is more preferably not more than 5 X 10% RH, and most preferably not more than 0% I 0 -V% RH.
- the coefficient of hygroscopic expansion is shown as the change in the length of the sample when the relative humidity is changed at a constant temperature. Further, in order to make the temperature distribution generated in the cellulose acetate film uniform, the thermal conductivity of the cellulose acetate film is preferably 1 WZ (m ⁇ K) or more.
- the bending strength measured by the MIT bending strength tester is preferably 250 times or more, more preferably 300 times or more. . Folding strength can be improved by reducing the film thickness. (Ichiano 3)
- the finolem's Re letter value and Rth letter value are defined by the following equations (I) and (II), respectively.
- nx is the refractive index in the slow axis direction (the direction in which the refractive index becomes maximum) in the film plane.
- ny is the refractive index in the fast axis direction (the direction in which the refractive index becomes minimum) in the film plane.
- nz is the refractive index in the thickness direction of the film.
- d is the thickness of the film in nm.
- the Re retardation value of the cellulose acetate film is adjusted to 0 to 20 nm, and the Rth letter value is adjusted to 30 to 70 nm.
- the value of the Rh retardation is preferably adjusted to 35 to 60 nm, more preferably to 40 to 50 nm.
- the birefringence ( ⁇ : nx-ny) of the cellulose acetate film is preferably 0.000 to 0.002. Further, the birefringence index in the thickness direction of the cellulose acetate buoy Lum ⁇ (n x + n y) Z2- nz ⁇ is 0.001 to 0. It is preferable that 04.
- cellulose acetate having an acetylation degree in the range of 59.0 to 61.5% is used.
- the acetylation degree means the amount of bound acetic acid per unit mass of cellulose.
- the degree of acetylation follows the measurement and calculation of the degree of acetylation in ASTM: 0-817-91 (test method for cellulose acetate, etc.).
- the cellulose acetate viscosity average degree of polymerization (DP) is preferably at least 250, more preferably at least 290.
- the cell opening used in the present invention is determined by gel permeation chromatography
- Mw / Mn (Mw is the mass average molecular weight, Mn is the number average molecule- ))
- Mn is the number average molecule-
- M wZ_M n is preferably 1.0 to 1.7, and 3 to. More preferably, it is from 6 to 5, most preferably from 4 to 1.6.
- an aromatic compound having at least two aromatic rings is used as a retardation increasing agent.
- the aromatic compound is used in the range of 0.01 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cellulose acetate.
- the aromatic compound is preferably used in the range of 0.05 to 15 parts by mass, and more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the cellulose acetate. More preferably, it is most preferably used in the range of 0.5 to 5 parts by mass. Two or more aromatic compounds may be used in combination.
- the aromatic ring of the aromatic compound includes an aromatic hetero ring in addition to an aromatic hydrocarbon ring.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon ring is a six-membered ring (ie, a benzene ring).
- Aromatic heterocycles are generally unsaturated heterocycles.
- the aromatic hetero ring is preferably a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered ring, and more preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring.
- Aromatic heterocycles generally have the most double bonds.
- As the hetero atom a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom are preferable, and a nitrogen atom is particularly preferable.
- aromatic hetero ring examples include a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a pyrrolyl ring, an oxazole ring, an isooxazole ring, a thiazole ring, an isothiazole ring, an imidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a furazane ring, and a triazo 1 "ring.
- a pyrazine ring a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazine ring and a 1,3,5-triazine ring.
- Aromatic rings include benzene ring, furan ring, thiophene, benzoyl, oxazolone, thiazole, imidazole, triazolyl, pyridine, bipyridine
- the aromatic compound has at least one 1,3,5-triazine ring.
- the number of aromatic rings in the aromatic compound is preferably from 2 to 20, more preferably from 2 to 12, still more preferably from 2 to 8, and from 2 to 6. Is most preferred.
- the bonding relationship between two aromatic rings can be classified into (a) when forming a condensed ring, (b) when directly connected by a single bond, and (c) when connecting via a linking group. A spiro bond cannot be formed).
- the connection relationship may be any of (a) to (c).
- Examples of the condensed ring of (a) include an indene ring, a naphthalene ring, an azulene ring, a fluorene ring, a phenanthrene ring, an anthracene ring, an asenafphthylene ring, a naphthacene ring, and a pyrene ring.
- the single bond in (b) is preferably a bond between carbon atoms of two aromatic rings.
- Two aromatic rings may be linked by two or more single bonds to form an aliphatic ring or a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring between the two aromatic rings.
- the blocking group of (c) is also preferably bonded to carbon atoms of two aromatic rings.
- S is an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, an alkynylene group, one c-one, one o-,
- the aromatic ring and the connecting group may have a substituent.
- substitution tombs include halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I), hydroxyxylene, carboxynole, cyano, amino, nitro, snorejo, rubbamoinole, snorefamoinole, peridot, alkyl, Alkenyl group, alkynyl tomb, aliphatic acyl group, aliphatic acyloxy group, alkoxy group, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbylamino tomb, alkylthio group, alkylsulfonyl group, aliphatic amido group, aliphatic sulfonamide tomb, Includes aliphatic-substituted amino tombs, aliphatic-substituted lubamoyl groups, aliphatic-substituted sulfamoyl tombs, aliphatic-substituted ureido groups, and non-aromatic heterocyclic groups.
- the alkyl S preferably has 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- a chain alkyl group is preferable to a cyclic alkyl group, and a linear alkyl group is particularly preferable.
- Alkyl tombs may also contain additional substituents (eg, hydroxy, carboxy, alkoxy, Examples of the u- alkyl group (including t-substituted alkyl group) which may have a methyl-, ethyl-, n-butynole, n-hexinole, 2-hydroxyhexynole, 4-carboxybuty Nole, 2-methoxine and '2-jetinole aminoetinole are included.
- the alkenyl group preferably has 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
- a chain alkenyl group is more preferable than a cyclic alkenyl group, and a linear alkenyl group is particularly preferable.
- alkenyl graves include vinyl, aryl and 1-hexenyl.
- the alkynyl tomb preferably has 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
- a chain alkynyl group is preferable to a cyclic alkynyl group, and a linear alkynyl group is particularly preferable.
- the alkynyl group may further have a substituent. Examples of alkynyl groups include ethel, 1-butynyl and 1-hexyl.
- the number of carbon atoms of the aliphatic acyl group is preferably 1 to 10.
- Examples of aliphatic acyl tombs include acetyl, propanoyl, and butanoyl.
- the aliphatic acyloxy group preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Examples of aliphatic asiloxy tombs include acetoxy.
- the alkoxy group preferably has 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the alkoxy group may further have a substituted group (eg, an anoreoxy group).
- anolexoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, butoxy, and methoxy shetoxy.
- the alkoxycarbonyl group preferably has 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the phenolic carbonyl group include methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl.
- the alkoxycarbonylamino group preferably has 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkoxycarbonylamino group include methoxycarbonylamino and ethoxycarbonylamino.
- the alkylthio group preferably has 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkylthio group include methylthio, ethylthio and octylthio.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkylsulfonyl 3 ⁇ 4 is preferably 1 to 8 tl Al
- Examples of the killsulfonyl group include methanesulfonyl and ethanesulfonyl.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aliphatic amide group is preferably from 1 to 1.0.
- Examples of the aliphatic amide group include an acetate amide.
- the aliphatic sulfonamide group preferably has 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the aliphatic sulfonamide group include methanesulfonamide, butanesulfonamide and ⁇ -octanesulfonamide.
- the aliphatic substituted amino group preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the aliphatic substituted amino group include dimethylamino, getylamino and 2-carboxyshetylamino.
- the aliphatic substitution force Lubamoyl tomb has 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the aliphatic-substituting rubamoyl group include methylcarbamoyl and getylcarbamoyl.
- the aliphatic substituted sulfamoyl group preferably has 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the aliphatic substituted sulfamoyl group include methylsulfamoyl and getyl snorefamoinole.
- the aliphatic substituted ureide tomb preferably has 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the aliphatic substituted ureido group include methyl peridode.
- non-aromatic heterocyclic group examples include piperidino and morpholino.
- the molecular weight of the phase-increasing agent is preferably from 300 to 800.
- Specific examples of the one-phase-increasing agent are described in JP-A-2000-111191, JP-A-20-210 This is described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 0-2754334, PC TZ J No. 00/02619.
- the cellulose acetate film is preferably produced by a liquid production method. It is more preferable to produce a cellulose acetate film by a solvent casting method using a solution used for solution casting as an organic solvent.
- the solvent casting method uses a solution (dope) of cellulose acetate dissolved in an organic solvent.
- Organic solvents include ethers having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, ketones having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, esters having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and halo having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. It preferably contains a solvent selected from genated hydrocarbons.
- Ethers, ketones and esters may have a cyclic structure.
- Compounds having two or more of the functional groups of ethers, ketones and esters can also be used as the organic solvent.
- Organic solvents may have other functional groups such as alcoholic hydroxyl groups. In the case of an organic solvent having two or more functional groups, the number of carbon atoms may be within the specified range for the compound having any one of the functional groups.
- ketones having 3 to 12 carbon atoms include acetone, methylethyl ketone, getyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone and methylcyclohexanone.
- ester having 3 to 12 carbon atoms examples include ethyl formate, propyl honolemate, pentinoleformate, methinolacetate, ethynoleacetate, and benzyl acetate.
- organic solvents having more than one type of organoleptic examples include 2-ethoxyhexyl acetate, 2-methoxyethanol and 2-butoxyethanol.
- the number of carbon atoms in the halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably 1 or 2, and most preferably 1.
- the halogen of the halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably chlorine.
- the proportion of halogen atoms substituted by halogen atoms in the halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably 25 to 75 mol%, more preferably 30 to 70 mol%, and more preferably 35 to 65 mol%. More preferably, it is 40 to 60 mol%, most preferably 40 to 60 mol%.
- Methylene chloride is a typical halogenated hydrocarbon.
- the cellulose acetate solution can be prepared by a general method.
- the general method is
- the amount of cellulose acetate is adjusted so that the obtained solution contains 10 to 40% by mass.
- the amount of cellulose acetate is more preferably 1 0 to 3 0 wt 0/0. Any additives described below may be added to the organic solvent (main solvent).
- the solution can be prepared by stirring the cell opening ⁇ "acetate and the organic solvent at room temperature (0 to 40. C).
- stir under pressure and heating conditions Specifically, the cellulose acetate and the organic solvent are sealed in a pressurized container, and the mixture is stirred while heating under pressure to a temperature not lower than the boiling point of the solvent at normal temperature and within a range where the solvent does not boil.
- the heating temperature is usually 40 ° C. or higher, preferably 60 ° C. to 200 ° C., and more preferably 80 ° C. to 110 ° C.
- Each component is roughly mixed in advance.
- the container must be configured so that it can be agitated. An inert gas such as nitrogen gas is injected to pressurize the container. Also, by utilizing the increase in the vapor pressure of the solvent due to heating, Good. Alternatively, after sealing the container may be added under pressure the components.
- a jacket type heating device can be used.
- a plate heater may be provided outside the container, and the entire container may be heated by circulating the liquid through piping.
- the stirring blade preferably has a length reaching the vicinity of the container wall. It is preferable to provide a collecting blade at the end of the stirring blade in order to renew the liquid film on the container wall.
- Instruments such as a pressure gauge and a thermometer may be installed in the container. Dissolve each component in the solvent in a container. Remove the prepared dope from the container after cooling, or After taking out, cool it using a heat exchanger.
- the solution can also be prepared by a cooling dissolution method.
- the cooling dissolution method the cell opening and the acetate can be dissolved even in an organic solvent which is difficult to dissolve by an ordinary dissolution method. It should be noted that even with a solvent that can dissolve cellulose acetate by the usual dissolution method, the effect of rapidly obtaining a uniform solution can be obtained by the cooling dissolution method.
- cellulose acetate is gradually added to an organic solvent at room temperature with stirring.
- the amount of cellulose acetate is 10 to 40 mass in this mixture. /. It is preferable to adjust so as to be included. More preferably, the amount of cellulose 5-acetate is 10 to 30% by mass. Further, an optional additive described below may be added to the mixture.
- the mixture is then brought to a temperature of from 100 ° to 110 ° C (preferably from 180 ° to 110 ° C, more preferably from 150 ° to 120 ° C (most preferably from 150 ° to
- the cooling can be carried out, for example, in a dry ice / methanol bath (175 ° C) or a cooled diethylene glycol solution (130 ° C to 120 ° C).
- a dry ice / methanol bath (175 ° C) or a cooled diethylene glycol solution (130 ° C to 120 ° C).
- Cooling rate It is preferably at least C / min, more preferably at least 8 ° CZ, most preferably at least 12 ° CZ.
- the cooling rate is a value obtained by dividing the difference between the temperature at which cooling is started and the final cooling temperature by the time from when cooling is started until the temperature reaches the final cooling temperature.
- the cellulose acetate dissolves in the solution.
- the temperature may be raised simply by leaving it at room temperature or may be heated in a warm bath.
- Heating rate is 4. It is preferably at least CZ minute, more preferably at least 8 ′′ CZ minute, and most preferably at least 12. C / min.
- the heating rate is fast Although more preferred, 1000 ocz seconds is a theoretical upper limit, 100 ocZ seconds is a technical upper limit, and 100 ° CZ seconds is a practical upper limit.
- the heating rate is a value obtained by dividing the difference between the temperature at which heating is started and the final heating temperature by the time from when heating is started to when the final heating temperature is reached. is there.
- the cooling operation may be repeated warming. Whether or not the dissolution is sufficient can be determined only by visually observing the appearance of the solution.
- the cooling dissolution method it is desirable to use a closed container to avoid water contamination due to condensation during cooling. Further, in the cooling and heating operation, if the pressure is increased during cooling and the pressure is reduced during heating, the dissolution time can be shortened. In order to carry out pressurization and decompression, it is desirable to use a pressure-resistant container.
- the / o solution has a pseudo phase transition point between the sol state and the gel state near 33 ° C, and becomes a uniform gel state below this temperature. Therefore, this solution needs to be maintained at a temperature higher than the pseudo phase transition temperature, preferably at a temperature of about 10 ° C. plus the gel phase transition temperature.
- the pseudo phase transition temperature varies depending on the degree of acetylation of cellulose acetate, the degree of viscosity average polymerization, the solution concentration, and the organic solvent used.
- a cellulose acetate film is produced by a solvent casting method.
- the dope is cast on a drum or band and the solvent is evaporated to form a film.
- concentration of the dope before casting is preferably adjusted so that the solid content is 18 to 35%. It is preferred that the surface of the drum or band be finished to a mirror surface.
- JP-A-60-L 76834, JP-A-60-2 03430 and JP-A-62-111503-5 have ft.
- the dope is preferably cast on a drum or band having a temperature not higher than I crc, and is preferably dried by exposing it to air for at least 2 seconds after casting. It is also possible to remove the solvent from the drum or band and then evaporate the residual solvent by drying with high-temperature air with the temperature gradually changed from 1.0 to 160 C. This method is described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7 844. According to this method, it is possible to shorten the time from casting to stripping. It is necessary that the dope gels at the surface temperature.
- a film can be formed by a co-casting method.
- a cellulose acetate film is prepared by a solvent casting method.
- the dope is cast on a drum or band, and the solvent is evaporated to form a film.
- the dope before casting is concentrated so that the solid content is in the range of 10 to 40%. It is preferable to adjust the surface of the drum or band to a mirror finish.
- a plurality of cellulose acetate solutions can be cast, and a plurality of cellulose acetate solutions are provided at intervals in the direction of travel of the support.
- a film may be produced while laminating and laminating a solution containing cellulose acetate from the casting port, respectively.
- the method described in each specification of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. Sho 61-158584, JP-A-Hei-112224, and JP-A-Hei-11-198285 is used.
- a film can be formed by casting a cellulose acetate solution from two casting ports.
- JP-A-48-133, JP-A-61-158413, and JP-A-6-134933 can be used.
- the flow of the low-viscosity cellulose acetate solution described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-166217 is wrapped with a low-viscosity cellulose acetate solution, and the high- and low-viscosity cells are wrapped. It is also possible to use a method of casting a cellulose acetate film in which one course acetate solution is simultaneously extruded.
- the film formed on the support by the first casting port is peeled off, and the second casting is performed on the side that was in contact with the support, so that the film was formed. It can also be made.
- the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-120235 can be used.
- the same cellulose acetate solution may be used for the casting, or a different cellulose acetate solution may be used.
- the appropriate cellulose acetate solution can be extruded from the respective casters.
- the cellulose acetate solution can be cast simultaneously with other functional layers (for example, an adhesive layer, a dye layer, an antistatic layer, an antihalation layer, an ultraviolet absorbing layer, and a polarizing layer).
- functional layers for example, an adhesive layer, a dye layer, an antistatic layer, an antihalation layer, an ultraviolet absorbing layer, and a polarizing layer.
- a plasticizer can be added to the cellulose acetate film in order to improve mechanical properties or to increase the drying speed.
- a plasticizer a phosphoric acid ester or a force / levonic acid ester is used.
- phosphate esters include triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and triglycerin phosphate (TCP)
- carboxylic esters are phthalic esters and citrates.
- phthalates include dimethyl phthalate (
- DMP Jethynolephthalate
- DEP Dibutylphthalate
- DOP Dioctylphthalate
- DPP Diphenylphthalate
- citrate esters include 0-triethyl triacetate (OACTE) and 0-triethyl citrate Butyl (OACT B) is included.
- carboxylic esters include butyl oleate, methyl acetyl ricinoleate, dibutyl sebacate, and various trimellitates.
- Phthalate ester plasticizers DMP, DIL WDBP, DOP, DPP, DEHP
- DEP and DPP are particularly preferred.
- the amount of the plasticizer is preferably 0.1 to 25% by mass of the amount of the cellulose acetate, and 1 to 20% by mass. /. More preferably, the weight is 3 to 1.5 mass. /. Is most preferred.
- Degradation inhibitors eg, antioxidants, peroxide decomposers, radical inhibitors, metal deactivators, acid scavengers, amines
- the addition amount of the deterioration inhibitor is prepared to 0.0 1 to 1 by weight of the solution (dope) 0 /. It is preferably from 0.01 to 0.2 mass. / 0 is more preferable.
- the amount When the amount is less than 0.01% by mass, the effect of the deterioration inhibitor is hardly recognized. If the amount exceeds 1% by mass, bleeding of the deterioration inhibitor on the film surface may be observed.
- the deterioration inhibitor include butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and tribenzylamine (TBA).
- High thermal conductive particles include aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, magnesium nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, lead oxide, magnesium oxide, carbon, diamond, metal, etc. Can be. In order not to impair the transparency of the film, it is desirable to use a transparent particle u
- the average particle size of the high thermal conductive particles is preferably from 0.05 to 80 ⁇ m, and more preferably from 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m. Spherical particles or needle-like particles may be used. Good.
- the biaxial stretching includes a simultaneous biaxial stretching method and a sequential biaxial stretching method. From the viewpoint of continuous production, a sequential biaxial stretching method is preferred.
- the biaxial stretching method after the dope is cast, the film is peeled off from the band or drum, stretched in the width direction, and stretched in the longitudinal direction. This stretching may be performed in the longitudinal direction and then in the width direction.
- the stretching of the film is performed at room temperature or under heating conditions.
- the heating temperature is preferably equal to or lower than the glass transition temperature of the film.
- the film can be stretched during the drying process, and is particularly effective when the solvent remains.
- the film is stretched, for example, by adjusting the speed of the film transport roller so that the film winding speed is higher than the film peeling speed.
- the film can be stretched by transporting the film while holding it with a tenter and gradually increasing the width of the tenter.
- the film After drying the film, the film can be stretched using a stretching machine (preferably, uniaxial stretching using a long stretching machine).
- the stretching ratio of the film (the ratio of the increase by stretching to the original length) is preferably 3 to 50%, more preferably 5 to 30% kneeling, most preferably u is that there 8 to 2 0% range Iffi
- the steps from casting to post-drying may be performed in an air atmosphere or in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas.
- the winding machine used for the production of cellulose acetate film may be a commonly used winding machine, such as a constant tension method, a constant torque method, a Taber tension method, a program tension control method with a constant internal stress. It can be wound up by a scraping method.
- the coefficient of hygroscopic expansion indicates the amount of change in the length of the sample when the relative humidity is changed at a constant temperature.
- the method for measuring the coefficient of hygroscopic expansion is described below. 5mm width from the prepared polymer film (phase difference plate). A sample with a length of 20 mm was cut out, and one end was fixed and hung under an atmosphere of 25 ° C and 20% RH (RD). A 0.5 g weight was hung on the other end, left for 10 minutes, and the length (LL) was measured. Next, with the temperature kept at 25 C, the humidity was set to 80% RH (R,), and the length (L,) was measured. The hygroscopic expansion coefficient was calculated by the following equation. The measurement was performed on 10 samples for the same sample, and the average value was used.
- Hygroscopic expansion coefficient [Z% RH] ⁇ (L T — L.) ZL N ⁇ Z (R, -R «,)
- the amount of the residual solvent with respect to the cellulose acetate film is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.07% by mass, more preferably in the range of 0.02 to 0.07% by mass. In the range of 03 to 0.05 mass% (1 is most preferable).
- a compound having a hydrophobic group is not particularly limited as long as the material has a hydrophobic group such as an alkyl group or a phenyl group in the molecule, but a plasticizer or a deterioration inhibitor added to the cellulose acetate film described above.
- the corresponding material is particularly preferably used. Examples of these preferable materials include triphenyl phosphate (TPP), tribenzylamine (TBA) and the like.
- the amount of the compound having a hydrophobic group to be added is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10% by mass, and more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 5% by mass, based on the solution (dope) to be adjusted. More preferably, it is most preferably in the range of 1 to 3% by mass.
- the cellulose acetate film is subjected to a surface treatment.
- Specific methods include corona discharge treatment, glow discharge treatment, flame treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment and ultraviolet irradiation treatment. It is also preferable to provide an undercoat layer as described in JP-A-7-333433.
- the surface energy of the film after the surface treatment is preferably at least 55 riiN nom, more preferably at least 60 Om NZm and at most 75 m NZra.
- the temperature of the cellulose acetate film in these treatments is preferably set to Tg (glass transition temperature) or lower, specifically 150 ° C or lower.
- an acid treatment or an alkali treatment that is, a vulcanization treatment for cellulose acetate, from the viewpoint of adhesion to the polarizing film.
- Alkaline treatment is performed by immersing the film surface in an alkaline solution and then using an acidic solution. It is preferably performed in a cycle of drying, washing and drying.
- the alkaline solution examples include a hydroxylic solution and a sodium hydroxide solution, and the specified concentration of hydroxide ion is preferably on a shelf of 0.1 to 3.ON. . 5 to 2. it is further preferred in the 0 N of Han ⁇ I.
- the temperature of the solution is preferably in the range of room temperature to 90 ° C., and is preferably 40 to 70. C knee! ! More preferably,
- the surface energy of a solid can be determined by the contact angle method, the heat of wetting method, and the adsorption method, as described in “Basics and Application of Wetting” (Realize Inc., published on 1989.12.10.). it can. In the case of a cellulose acetate film, it is preferable to use a contact angle method.
- An optically anisotropic layer can be provided on the cellulose acetate film according to the present invention.
- the optically anisotropic layer may be coated directly on the cellulose acetate film, or may be bonded to another transparent support coated with the optically anisotropic layer and the cell opening / acetate film according to the present invention. It may be provided by bonding through an agent. It is preferable to provide an alignment film between the cellulose acetate film and the optically anisotropic layer.
- an optical compensation sheet By inserting such an optical compensation sheet between a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal cell in a liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal cell can be optically compensated and light leakage can be prevented.
- Such an optical compensation sheet may be used as a protective film for a polarizing plate used in a liquid crystal display device.
- the optically anisotropic layer can be formed by applying a coating liquid containing a liquid crystal compound and, if necessary, a polymerizable initiator or a non-reactive component on the alignment film.
- Liquid crystal compounds can be discotic liquid crystals, even if they are ⁇ -shaped liquid crystal compounds.
- the liquid crystal compound which may be a compound includes a low molecular liquid crystal, a low molecular liquid crystal, and a compound in which the low molecular liquid crystal is crosslinked and no longer exhibits liquid crystallinity. It is preferable to use a discotic liquid crystal compound.
- Rod-like liquid crystalline compounds include azomethines, azoxys, cyanobiphenyls, cyanophenyl esters, benzoic acid esters, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid phenyl esters:, cyanophenylcyclohexanes, cyano-substituted phenyls Rubilimidines, alkoxy-substituted phenylpyrimidines, phenyldioxanes, trannes and alkenylcyclohexylbenzonitrile are preferably used.
- the rod-like liquid crystal compound also includes a metal complex.
- a liquid crystal polymer containing a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound in a repeating unit can also be used as the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound.
- the rod-like liquid crystalline compound may be bonded to a (liquid crystal) polymer.
- the birefringence of the rod-shaped liquid crystalline compound is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 0.7.
- the rod-shaped liquid crystalline compound preferably has a polymerizable skeleton in order to fix the alignment state.
- a polymerizable tomb (Q) is shown below.
- Q is preferably an unsaturated polymerizable group (Q 1 to Q 7), an epoxy group (Q 8) or an aziridinyl group (Q 9), more preferably an unsaturated polymer group, Most preferably, it is an unsaturated polymerizable group (Q1-Q6).
- the rod-like liquid crystalline compound preferably has a molecular structure that is substantially symmetric with respect to the minor axis direction. For that purpose, it is preferable to have polymerizable groups at both ends of the rod-shaped molecular structure.
- the optically anisotropic layer is composed of a rod-shaped liquid crystalline compound or a polymerizable initiator described later or an optional additive (eg, a plasticizer, a monomer, a surfactant, a cellulose ester, a 1,3, '5-triazine compound, a chiral compound). Is formed by applying a liquid crystal composition (coating solution) containing the agent on the alignment film.
- a liquid crystal composition coating solution
- the discotic liquid crystal generally has a linear nucleus containing these as the core of the molecule. It has a structure in which alkyl chains, alkoxy groups, substituted benzoyloxy tombs, and the like are radially substituted as straight chains, and exhibits liquid crystallinity.
- the molecule is not limited to the above description as long as the molecule itself has negative uniaxiality and can impart a certain orientation.
- the term "formed from a discotic compound” does not mean that the final product need be the compound.
- the low-molecular discotic liquid crystal has a group that reacts with heat, light, or the like.
- those which are polymerized or cross-linked by reaction with heat, light, etc. have a high molecular weight and lose liquid crystallinity are also included.
- Preferred examples of the discotic liquid crystal are described in JP-A-8-520206.
- the polymerization of the discotic liquid crystalline compound is described in JP-A-8-272284.
- the discotic liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable group is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (II).
- D is a disc-shaped core
- L is a divalent linking group
- Q is a polymerizable group
- ⁇ is an integer of 4 to 12.
- L Q means a combination of a divalent linking grave (L) and a polymerizable group (Q).
- the divalent linking group (L) is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, an arylene group, one CO—, one NH—, one O—, one S— and a combination thereof. It is preferably divalent linkage *.
- the divalent linking group (L) is a divalent group obtained by combining at least two divalent groups selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group, an arylene tomb, one CO—, one NH—, 110-1 and one S—. More preferably, it is a linking group.
- the divalent linking group (L) is a divalent linking group obtained by combining at least two divalent groups selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group, an arylene tomb, one CO— and one O TM. Is most preferred.
- the alkylene group preferably has 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the alkenylene group preferably has 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the arylene tomb has 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the left side binds to the discotic core (D), and the right side binds to the labile group (Q).
- A represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group
- AR represents an arylene group.
- the alkylene group, alkenylene group and arylene group may have a t-substituent (eg, alkyl). .L: 18-1 CO-O-
- L24 --S-AR-AL- formula (The polymerizable group (Q) of IJO is determined according to the type of polymerization reaction. Examples of the polymerizable group (Q) are those described for the rod-shaped liquid crystalline compound. Same as (Q1 to Q17).
- the polymerizable tomb (Q) is an unsaturated polymerizable group (Q1-Q7), an epoxy group (Q8) W
- n is an integer of 4 to 12.
- the specific number is determined according to the type of the disc-shaped core (D).
- the combination of a plurality of pieces and Q may be different, but are preferably the same.
- the optically anisotropic layer is a layer having negative birefringence, and the surface of the discotic structural unit is inclined with respect to the cellulose acetate film surface, and the discotic structural unit is It is preferable that the angle between the surface of the substrate and the cellulose acetate film surface changes in the depth direction of the optically anisotropic layer.
- the angle (tilt angle) of the surface of the disc-shaped structural unit increases or decreases in the depth direction of the optically anisotropic layer and as the distance from the bottom surface of the optically anisotropic layer increases.
- the angle of inclination increases with increasing distance.
- changes in the inclination angle include continuous increase, continuous decrease, intermittent increase, intermittent decrease, changes including continuous increase and continuous decrease, and intermittent changes including increase and decrease. be able to .
- the intermittent change includes a region where the inclination angle does not change in the thickness direction. It is preferable that the inclination angle increases or decreases as a whole, even if it includes a region that does not change. Further, the inclination angle is preferably increased as a whole, and is particularly preferably changed continuously.
- the tilt angle of the discotic unit on the support side can be generally adjusted by selecting the discotic liquid crystalline compound or the material of the alignment film, or by selecting the rubbing method.
- the inclination angle of the discotic unit on the surface side (air) can be generally adjusted by selecting a discotic liquid crystalline compound or another compound used together with the discotic liquid crystalline compound.
- the compound used together with the discotic liquid crystalline compound include a plasticizer, a surfactant, a polymerizable monomer and a polymer.
- the degree of change of the oblique angle can be adjusted by the same selection as above.
- Plasticizer, fellowship 'I agent and polymerizable monomer used for felling with discotic wave-forming compounds can also be used any compound u Among these, a polymerizable monomer (eg, a compound having a Bier group, a buroxy group, an acryloyl grave and a methacryloyl grave) is preferable.
- the amount of the compound added is generally in the range of 1 to 50% by mass, and preferably in the range of 5 to 30% by mass, based on the discotic liquid crystalline compound.
- any polymer can be used as long as it is compatible with the discotic liquid crystalline compound and can change the tilt angle of the discotic liquid crystalline compound.
- An example of a bolimer is a cell mouth stell.
- Preferred examples of the cellulose ester include cellulose acetate, cenorylose acetate propionate, hydroxypropynole cellulose and cellulose acetate butyrate.
- the amount of the above polymer is generally 0.1 to 10 mass with respect to the discotic liquid crystalline compound. /. In the range of 0.1 to 8 mass. More preferably in the / 0 range, 0. 1 it is further favorable preferable in the range of 5 mass 0/0.
- the optically anisotropic layer is formed by applying a solution of a discotic liquid crystalline compound or another compound in a solvent onto an alignment film, drying the solution, and then heating to a temperature for forming a discotic nematic phase. Obtained by cooling while maintaining the state (discotic nematic phase).
- the optically anisotropic layer is formed by applying a solution in which a discotic liquid crystalline compound and another compound (for example, a polymerizable monomer or a photopolymerization initiator) are dissolved in a solvent onto the alignment film, followed by drying.
- the discotic nematic liquid crystal phase-solid phase transition temperature of the discotic liquid crystalline compound used in the present invention is preferably from 70 to 300 ° C, particularly preferably from 70 to 170 ° C.
- the aligned liquid crystalline compound can be fixed while maintaining the alignment state.
- Fixed The u- polymerization reaction which is preferably carried out by a polymerization reaction, includes a thermal S combining reaction using a thermal polymerization initiator and a photo-IS combining reaction using a photopolymerization initiator. light! A combined reaction is preferred.
- the photopolymerization initiator include an ⁇ -carbonyl compound (described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,366,670 and 2,366,670), an acyloin ether (described in US Pat. ), ⁇ -hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic acyloin compounds (described in US Pat. No.
- the amount of the photopolymerization initiator used is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 20% by mass of the solid content of the coating solution, and more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5% by mass.
- Light irradiation for the polymerization of the liquid crystal compound is preferably performed using ultraviolet light.
- the irradiation energy is preferably in the range of 2 Om J / cm 2 to 50 jZcm 2, more preferably in the range of 20 to 500 Om JZc m 2, 1 00 to be in the range of 800m jZcm 2 More preferred.
- Light irradiation may be performed under heating conditions to promote the photopolymerization reaction.
- a protective layer may be provided on the optically anisotropic layer.
- the alignment film has a function of defining the alignment direction of the liquid crystal compound.
- the alignment film may be formed by rubbing an organic compound (preferably a polymer), obliquely depositing an inorganic compound, forming a layer having a microphone opening group, or an organic compound (eg, ⁇ -trichosane) by a Langmuir project method (LB film). Acid, dioctadecylmethyl ammonium chloride, methyl stearylate) can be provided. Further, there is known an alignment film in which an alignment function is generated by applying an electric field, a magnetic field, or light irradiation.
- the alignment film is preferably formed by a rubbing treatment of a polymer.
- Bolivin Alcohol is the preferred polymer. Particularly preferred is modified polyvinyl alcohol which has a hydrophobic group bonded thereto.
- the alignment film can be formed from one type of polymer, but is more preferably formed by rubbing a layer composed of two types of crosslinked polymers. It is preferable to use, as the at least one kind of polymer, either a polymer which can be crosslinked by itself or a polymer which is crosslinked by a crosslinking agent.
- the alignment film is formed by reacting a polymer having a functional group or a polymer obtained by introducing a functional group into the polymer by light, heat, pH change, or the like; or a cross-linking agent which is a compound having high reaction activity. It can be formed by introducing a linking group derived from a cross-linking agent between the polymers by using the polymer and cross-linking the polymers.
- Such cross-linking is carried out by applying a coating liquid for orientation containing a mixture of the above-mentioned polymer or poly cross-linking agent onto a cellulose acetate film, and then heating the film.
- crosslinking treatment may be performed at any stage after coating the alignment film on the cellulose acetate film and obtaining the optical compensation sheet. .
- the liquid crystal compound layer (optically anisotropic layer) formed on the alignment layer ⁇
- the liquid crystal compound is oriented and then sufficiently crosslinked.
- the alignment film is crosslinked by applying a coating liquid for the alignment film on the cellulose acetate film and drying by heating. It is preferable to set the heating temperature of the coating liquid to be low, and to perform sufficient crosslinking of the alignment film at the stage of heat treatment when forming an optically anisotropic layer described later.
- any of a polymer which can be crosslinked by itself and a polymer which is crosslinked by a crosslinking agent can be used.
- some polymers can do both.
- the polymer include polymethyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid acrylate copolymer, styrene maleimide copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol and modified polyvinyl alcohol, poly (N-methylol acrylamide), styrene / vinylate Noren i: polymer, chlorosnolefonedani polyethylene, nitrocellulose, polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyolefin, polyester, polyimide, vinyl acetate / butyl chloride copolymer, ethylene / vinyl acetate * polymer, cal
- ⁇ 16 Compounds such as polymers such as boxymethinoresole resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polycarbonate, and silane coupling agents.
- Examples of preferred polymers include water-soluble polymers such as poly (N-methylolacrylamide), potassium carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, and modified polyvinyl alcohol. It is preferable to use gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol and modified polyvinyl alcohol, and it is more preferable to use polyvinyl alcohol and modified polyvinyl alcohol.
- polyvinyl alcohol examples include polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of degradation in the range of 70 to 100%. Generally, the degree of degradation is in the range of 80 to 100%, and more preferably in the range of 85 to 95%. Further, the degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol is preferably in the range of 100 to 3,000.
- modified polyvinyl alcohol examples include polyvinyl alcohol modified by copolymerization, modification by chain transfer, or modification by block polymerization.
- modified tombs in the case of copolymerization modification include COON a, S i (OX) : I , N (CH), C 1 C 9 H, »COO, S ⁇ a Na, CH, etc. (X Represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group).
- modifying group for modification by chain transfer include CO ⁇ Na, SH, C 12 H 25 and the like.
- denaturation graves for denaturation by block polymerization examples include COOH, CONH2, C ⁇ OR, Ce ⁇ , etc. (R is an alkyl group).
- modified polyvinyl alcohol includes a modified product of polyvinyl alcohol by a compound represented by the following general formula. Preferably, it is used. This modified polyvinyl alcohol is hereinafter referred to as a specific modified polyvinyl alcohol.
- R ′ represents an alkyl group, an acryloylalkyl group, a methacryloyl realalkyl group, or an epoxyalkyl group
- W represents a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group
- X represents an active group.
- I represents a group of atoms necessary to form a raw ester, an acid anhydride or an acid halide
- p represents 0 or 1
- ⁇ represents an integer of 0 to 4.
- the above-mentioned specific modified polyvinyl alcohol is preferably a modified product of polyvinyl alcohol with a compound represented by the following general formula.
- X ′ represents an atom group necessary for forming an active ester, an acid anhydride, or an acid halide
- m represents an integer of 2 to 24.
- polyvinyl alcohol used for reacting with the compound represented by these general formulas examples include the above-mentioned unmodified polyvinyl alcohol and those copolymerized and modified, that is, those modified by chain transfer, Modified polyvinyl alcohols such as those modified by polymerization can be mentioned. Preferred examples of the specific modified polyvinyl alcohol are described in detail in JP-A-9-152509.
- cross-linking agents examples include aldehydes, N-methylol compounds, dioxane derivatives, compounds used by activating carboxyl groups, and ffi-vinyl compounds. , Active halogen compounds, isoxazoles, and dialdehyde starch.
- aldehydes include formaldehyde, glioxal, and glutaraldehyde.
- N-methylol compounds include dimethylol urea and methylol dimethylhydantoin.
- dioxane derivatives include compounds that act by activating the ⁇ - carboxyl skeleton from which 2,3-dihydroxydioxane is produced, such as carbedium, 2-naphthalenesnorefonate, 1,1-bispyrrolidino-1-chloropyridinium; and 1-monorephorinocanoleboninole 3- (sulfonatoaminomethinole).
- active butyl compounds include 1,3,5-triacyl-hexahydro-s-triazine, bis (vinylsulfone) methane, and ⁇ , N'-methylenebis [(vinylsulfonyl) propionamide]. Is received.
- the active halogen compound 2,4-dichloro-6-hydroxy xy-S-triazine can be mentioned. These can be used alone or in combination.
- the amount of the crosslinking agent added to the polymer there is no particular limitation on the amount of the crosslinking agent added to the polymer. Moisture resistance tends to improve when more crosslinking agent is added. However, the cross-linking agent was 50 mass per polymer. /. When the above addition is made, the alignment ability as an alignment film decreases. Therefore, the amount of the crosslinking agent added to the polymer is 0.1 to 20 mass. / 0 , more preferably 0.5 to 15% by mass.
- the alignment film contains a certain amount of a cross-linking agent that has not reacted even after the completion of the cross-linking reaction, but the amount of the crosslinking agent is preferably 1.0% by mass or less in the alignment film. 5 mass. / 0 or less is more preferable.
- the alignment mark can be formed by applying a solution containing the above-mentioned polymer or a solution containing the above-mentioned polymer and a cross-linking agent onto a cellulose acetate film, heating and drying (cross-linking), and performing a rubbing treatment.
- the cross-linking reaction may be performed at any time after the coating solution is coated on the cellulose-acetate film.
- the solvent for preparing the coating solution is an organic solvent such as methanol having defoaming action or an organic solvent. It is preferable to use a mixed solvent of water.
- methanol is used as the organic solvent, the ratio is water: methanol by mass ratio.
- the ratio is generally 0: 100 to 99: 1, and more preferably 0: 100 to 91: 9. Thereby, generation of bubbles is suppressed, and defects on the surface of the alignment film and the optically anisotropic layer are significantly reduced.
- the coating method examples include a spin coating method, a dip coating method, a curtain coating method, an extrusion coating method, a vacuum coating method, and an E-type coating method.
- the thickness of the alignment film is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1.
- the heating and drying can be performed at a heating temperature of 20 to 110 ° C.
- the heating temperature is preferably in the range of 60 to 100 ° C., and more preferably in the range of 80 to 100 ° C.
- the drying time is 1 minute to 36 ° C.
- the time is preferably 5 to 30 minutes, and the pH is also preferably set to an optimum value for the crosslinking agent to be used. In the range of 5 to 5.5 DOO preferably, it is good preferable especially p H 5.
- a treatment method widely used as a liquid crystal alignment treatment step of an LCD can be used. That is, a method of rubbing the surface of the orientation film in a certain direction using paper, gauze, felt, rubber, nylon, polyester fiber, or the like can be used to obtain orientation. The rubbing is performed by rubbing several times using a cloth or the like on which an arrowhead having a uniform length and thickness is planted on average. (Polarizer)
- the polarizing plate includes a polarizing film and two transparent protective films disposed on both sides of the polarizing film.
- the cellulose acetate film according to the present invention can be used.
- An ordinary cellulose acetate film may be used for the other protective film.
- the light-shielding film include an iodine-based polarizing film, a dye-based polarizing film using a dichroic dye, and a polyene-based polarizing film.
- the iodine-based polarizing film and the dye-based polarizing film are generally produced using a boro-alcohol-based film.
- the moisture permeability of the protective film was important for the productivity of the polarizing plate.
- the polarizing film and the protective film are bonded together with an aqueous adhesive, and the adhesive solvent is dried by diffusing in the protective film.
- the higher the moisture permeability of the protective film the faster the drying and the higher the productivity.
- the higher the moisture permeability the higher the moisture penetration into the polarizing film due to the operating environment (high humidity) of the liquid crystal display.
- the polarizing ability decreases.
- the moisture permeability of the cellulose acetate film is in the range of 100 to 100 (g / m 2 ) Z 24 hrs. And more preferably in the range of 300 to 700 ig / m / 24 hrs.
- the moisture permeability of the cellulose acetate film is determined by the thickness, free volume, hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of the cellulose acetate film (and the polymerizable liquid crystal compound).
- the thickness of the cellulose acetate film can be adjusted by adjusting the lip flow rate and line speed, or the stretching and compression of the film when producing a cellulose acetate finolem.
- the moisture permeability can be set to a preferable range SI.
- the free volume of the acetate film can be adjusted by the drying temperature and time during film formation. Again, by adjusting the free ⁇ present ⁇ in accordance with the main raw material used can be within a preferred range of moisture permeability ⁇
- the hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity of the cell-opening film can be adjusted by additives. Self! By adding a hydrophilic additive to ⁇ 1 volume, the moisture permeability increases, and conversely, hydrophobic The moisture permeability can be reduced by adding a water-soluble additive.
- a polarizing plate having an optical function can be manufactured at low cost and with high productivity.
- the above-mentioned cellulose acetate film or the polarizing plate using the above-mentioned cellulose acetate film is advantageously used for a liquid crystal display device, especially for a transmission type liquid crystal display device.
- the transmissive liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal cell and two polarizing plates disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal cell.
- the polarizing plate includes a polarizing film and transparent protective films disposed on both sides of the polarizing film.
- the liquid crystal cell carries liquid crystal between two electrode substrates.
- the cell opening film according to the present invention may be a single film disposed between the liquid crystal cell and one of the polarizing films, or two films may be disposed between the liquid crystal cell and both of the polarizing films.
- a polarizing plate having an acetate film as a protective film may be used instead of one of the two polarizing plates of the liquid crystal display device.
- both polarizers can be used instead.
- the liquid crystal cell is preferably a liquid crystal cell of a ⁇ mode, a VA mode, an IPS mode, and an OCB mode.
- rod-like liquid crystalline molecules are oriented substantially horizontally when no voltage is applied, and are further twisted at 60 to 120 °.
- the TN mode liquid crystal cell is most often used as a color TFT liquid crystal display device, and is described in many documents.
- rod-like liquid crystalline molecules are oriented substantially vertically when no voltage is applied.
- the VA mode liquid crystal cell includes: (1) a narrow VA mode liquid crystal cell in which rod-like liquid crystal molecules are oriented substantially in a vertical direction I when no voltage is applied and are oriented substantially horizontally when a voltage is applied. (2) In addition to (2) a liquid crystal cell (in the MVA mode) in which the VA mode is multi-domain for enlargement of the field of view (S1D9). 7, Digest ⁇ Loch.
- the OCB mode liquid crystal cell is a bend alignment mode liquid crystal cell in which the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in substantially opposite directions (symmetrically) at the upper and lower portions of the liquid crystal cell.
- Patents Nos. 4583825 and 5410422 disclose the rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules symmetrically aligned at the upper and lower portions of the liquid crystal cell, so that the liquid crystal cell in the bend alignment mode is self-aligned.
- This liquid crystal mode has an optical compensation function. Therefore, this liquid crystal mode is also called an OCB (Optically Compensatory Bend) liquid crystal mode.
- the liquid crystal display device in the bend orientation mode has an advantage that the response speed is high.
- the obtained dope was cast using a band casting machine. After the film surface temperature on the band reached 40 ° C, it was dried for 1 minute, peeled off, and then dried with 140 ° C dry air to obtain a cellulose acetate film (thickness) with a residual solvent amount of 0.3% by mass. Sa: 40 ⁇ 01).
- the prepared cellulose acetate film (CAF-001) was measured to 1.20 mm, and bent using a VI IT bending strength tester in accordance with the standard of [SO8776 / 2-19888]. The number of reciprocations before cutting was determined to be 310 times.
- Cellulose acetate solution composition Cellulose acetate with a degree of acetylation of 60.9% 100 parts by mass Trif-nyl phosphate (plasticizer) 7.8 parts by mass biphenyldiphenyl phosphate (plasticizer) 3. 9 parts by weight Methylene chloride mouth (first solvent) 300 parts by weight Methanol (second solvent) 54 parts by weight
- the prepared cell opening acetate film (CAF-02) was cut into a length of 120 mm, and the number of reciprocations before cutting by bending using an MIT bending strength tester was determined to be 280 times in accordance with the standard of IS08776Z2-1988.
- the cellulose acetate solution was used as a dope as it was, and the residual solvent was 3.0 mass 0 /.
- a cellulose acetate film (thickness: lOOiin) was manufactured.
- the Re and R th retardation values of the prepared cellulose acetate film (CAF-HI) at a wavelength of 550 nm were measured using an ellipsometer (M-150, manufactured by JASCO Corporation). The results are shown in Table 1.
- a polarizing film is prepared by adsorbing iodine on the stretched polyvinyl alcohol film, and the cellulose acetate film (CAF-01) prepared in Example 1 is attached to one side of the polarizing film using a polybutyl alcohol-based adhesive.
- CAF-01 cellulose acetate film
- a commercially available cellulose triacetate film (Fujitac TD80 UF, manufactured by Fuji Shashin Film Co., Ltd.) was saponified and attached to the opposite side of the polarizing film using a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive. Thus, a polarizing plate was produced.
- Iodine is adsorbed on a stretched polyvinyl alcohol film to produce a polarizing film, and the cellulose acetate film (CAF-02) produced in Example 2 is attached to one side of the polarizing film using a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive.
- CAF-02 cellulose acetate film
- a commercially available cell opening single-story acetate film (Fujitac TD80 UF, manufactured by Fuji Shashin Film Co., Ltd.) was saponified and attached to the other side of the polarizing film using a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive. . Thus, an if; light plate was produced.
- Iodine was adsorbed on a stretched polyvinyl alcohol film to produce a “light”, and a comparison was made using a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive (cell mouth-one acetate film (c A F_H 1) was attached to one side of the polarizing film.
- a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive cell mouth-one acetate film (c A F_H 1) was attached to one side of the polarizing film.
- a commercially available cellulose triacetate film (Fujitac ⁇ 80 uF, manufactured by Fuji Shashin Film Co., Ltd.) was saponified, and the opposite side of the polarizing film was treated with a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive. Pasted. Thus, a polarizing plate was produced.
- a pair of polarizing plates provided on a liquid crystal display device using a TN type liquid crystal cell (manufactured by Sharp Corporation: 20-inch liquid crystal TV) was peeled off, and the polarizing plate prepared in Example 3 was replaced with the polarizing plate manufactured in Example 3.
- the cellulose acetate film (CAF-001) prepared in step 1 was adhered one by one to the observer side and the backlight side via an adhesive so that it was on the liquid crystal cell side.
- the transmission axis of the polarizing plate on the observer side and the transmission axis of the polarizing plate on the backlight side were arranged to be orthogonal to each other. Thus, a liquid crystal display device was manufactured.
- a pair of polarizing plates provided on a liquid crystal display device using a TN type liquid crystal cell (manufactured by Sharp Corporation: 20-inch liquid crystal TV) was peeled off, and the polarizing plate prepared in Example 4 was replaced with the polarizing plate manufactured in Example 4.
- the cellulose acetate film (CAF-002) prepared in step 1 was adhered to the observer side and the backlight side one by one with an adhesive so that it was on the liquid crystal cell side.
- Polarizer on the observer side The transmission axis of the backlight plate and the transmission axis of the backlight-side polarizing plate were arranged so as to be orthogonal to each other.
- Example 5 The liquid crystal display devices of Example 5, Example 6, and Comparative Example 3 were left in the environment of a temperature of 25 ° C and a relative humidity of 65% with the backlight continuously lit for 5 hours, and then the entire surface was displayed in black. The state was visually observed in a dark room, and the light leakage when the backlight was turned on was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Table 2 Liquid crystal display device Light leakage when backlight is on Example 5 No light leakage '' Example 6 No light leakage
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/398,396 US7019130B2 (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2001-10-19 | Cellulose acetate film having controlled retardation and thickness |
KR10-2003-7005387A KR20040005840A (ko) | 2000-10-20 | 2001-10-19 | 리타데이션과 두께가 제어된 셀룰로스 아세테이트 필름 |
EP01976781A EP1329747A4 (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2001-10-19 | CELLULOSE ACETATE FILM HAVING OPTICAL DELAY AND THICKNESS THICKNESS |
AU2001295983A AU2001295983A1 (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2001-10-19 | Cellulose acetate film with regulated retardation and thickness |
JP2002536582A JP4378084B2 (ja) | 2000-10-20 | 2001-10-19 | セルロースアセテートフイルムの製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000320971 | 2000-10-20 | ||
JP2000-320971 | 2000-10-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002033454A1 true WO2002033454A1 (fr) | 2002-04-25 |
Family
ID=18799172
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2001/009207 WO2002033454A1 (fr) | 2000-10-20 | 2001-10-19 | Pellicule d'acetate de cellulose ayant un retard optique et une epaisseur regules |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7019130B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1329747A4 (ja) |
JP (3) | JP4378084B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20040005840A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1285928C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2001295983A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002033454A1 (ja) |
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WO2006011647A1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-02 | Fujifilm Corporation | Polymerizable composition, optically anisotropic layer and method for manufacturing thereof, optical compensatory element, liquid crystal display and liquid crystal projector |
CN100362411C (zh) * | 2002-10-17 | 2008-01-16 | 日东电工株式会社 | 带有光化学固化阻挡层的补偿器及其制造方法 |
US7393579B2 (en) * | 2002-05-20 | 2008-07-01 | Eastman Kodak Company | Cellulose acetate films prepared by coating methods |
JP2008216572A (ja) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-18 | Fujifilm Corp | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2009282550A (ja) * | 2002-11-08 | 2009-12-03 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7393579B2 (en) * | 2002-05-20 | 2008-07-01 | Eastman Kodak Company | Cellulose acetate films prepared by coating methods |
EP1508823A1 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2005-02-23 | Zeon Corporation | Optical laminate |
EP1508823A4 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2006-10-04 | Zeon Corp | OPTICAL LAMINATE |
CN100362411C (zh) * | 2002-10-17 | 2008-01-16 | 日东电工株式会社 | 带有光化学固化阻挡层的补偿器及其制造方法 |
JP2009282550A (ja) * | 2002-11-08 | 2009-12-03 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2005196119A (ja) * | 2003-09-01 | 2005-07-21 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 光学補償フィルム、液晶表示装置および偏光板 |
JP4675597B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-01 | 2011-04-27 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光学補償フィルム、液晶表示装置および偏光板 |
WO2006011647A1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-02 | Fujifilm Corporation | Polymerizable composition, optically anisotropic layer and method for manufacturing thereof, optical compensatory element, liquid crystal display and liquid crystal projector |
JP2008216572A (ja) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-18 | Fujifilm Corp | 液晶表示装置 |
US8125597B2 (en) | 2007-03-02 | 2012-02-28 | Fujifilm Corporation | Liquid crystal display device |
JP2022510576A (ja) * | 2018-11-19 | 2022-01-27 | ヒョスン ケミカル コーポレーション | セルロースエステル位相差フィルム |
JP7157248B2 (ja) | 2018-11-19 | 2022-10-19 | ヒョスン ケミカル コーポレーション | セルロースエステル位相差フィルム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1555501A (zh) | 2004-12-15 |
JP2009193077A (ja) | 2009-08-27 |
JPWO2002033454A1 (ja) | 2004-02-26 |
US20040001175A1 (en) | 2004-01-01 |
CN1285928C (zh) | 2006-11-22 |
JP2011107718A (ja) | 2011-06-02 |
US7019130B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 |
JP4756082B2 (ja) | 2011-08-24 |
EP1329747A1 (en) | 2003-07-23 |
JP4378084B2 (ja) | 2009-12-02 |
JP5133396B2 (ja) | 2013-01-30 |
KR20040005840A (ko) | 2004-01-16 |
AU2001295983A1 (en) | 2002-04-29 |
EP1329747A4 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
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