WO2002049257A2 - System for identifying unauthorized sales and providing post-sale information to purchasers using electronic product registration - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for identifying improper sales locations (1804) for purchased products to assure compliance with agreements between manufacturers, retailers and/or other parties. The system also identifies suspicious activity based on information obtained at the point of sale (1800) and loaded into an electronic product registration system. The system further enables post-sale information, such as product recall information or other useful information, to be easily and accurately provided to purchasers of products. The system operates in conjunction with a suitable electronic registration system for purchased product and improves the functionality thereof.

Description

  SYSTEM FOR IDENTIFYING UNAUTHORIZED SALES AND
PROVIDING POST-SALE INFORMATION TO PURCHASERS USING
ELECTRONIC PRODUCT REGISTRATION
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application hereby claims the benefit of the following U.S.
Provisional applications, all of which are incorporated by reference herein:
Serial No. 60/254,586 filed December 12, 2000, and entitled "Electronic Product registration System for Product Recalls";
Serial No. 60/282,487 filed April 10, 2001, and entitled 'Electronic Product Registration System for Product Recalls";

   and
Serial No. 60/255,450 filed December 15, 2000, and entitled "Method and Apparatus for Tracking Improper Product Sales Locations and identifying Sales of Counterfeit or unauthorized Products using Electronic Product registration".
FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
The instant invention relates to electronic registration of purchased products, and more particularly, to the use of electronic registration in connection with tracking product sale locations, identifying sales of counterfeit or unauthorized products, product recalls and facilitating the delivery of product related post-sale information to purchasers.
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Recently, electronic registration of product transactions has become available for the purpose of reducing unauthorized returns of purchased products. Electronic product registration systems provided for this purpose are disclosed in U.S.

   Patent Nos. 5,978,774, 6,018,719 and 6,085,172, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. The electronic registration system relies on the use of a unique identifier, such as a 5 serial number, for each product that is purchased. The serial number is obtained at the point of sale for inclusion in a registration database, together with other information, such as a date of transaction.

   This database can then be accessed in connection with an attempted product return transaction for the purpose of determining if the product qualifies for return under applicable return criteria.
10 Such electronic systems may also be used in connection with repair and/or exchange transactions, in addition to returns, by enabling an accurate determination as to whether the product qualifies for any of these actions under the appropriate policies and criteria under which the product was originally sold. The instant invention provides a method and system for using the
15 electronic registration for purposes other than returns or warranties of registered products. In particular, the invention involves the use of an electronic product registration (ERS) system for tracking the particular location at which a product is sold.

   For example, the ERS system can be used to provide information (e.g., retailer's name and location) to manufacturers about the particular location at
20 which a product has been sold. In this way, a manufacturer is able to determine if any of its products are. being sold at unauthorized locations. The sale of products at, for example, unauthorized discount stores has become a problem in many industries including the clothing industry, as documented in the Wall Street Journal Article entitled "Getting the Goods: Meet Dexter Levy, Ace
25 Shopping Detective" printed Wednesday, November 8, 2000, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
By collecting the unique identifier and information as to the location at which the product has been sold, the ERS system can be used to identify the sale
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > of products at unauthorized locations.

   As explained in detail in the abovereferenced article, trans-shipments of products from one store or location to another often occur for profit reasons and in violation of agreements between the parties involved in the manufacture and distribution of such merchandise. For obvious reasons, makers of designer clothes do not want their latest creations showing up for sale at a discount store, such as Marshalls, before they have been taken out of the window at an upscale department store like Bloomingdales. However, unscrupulous parties involved in such businesses often take actions that cause these and other circumstances to happen. The instant invention is designed to help detect and prevent these types of improper activities from occurring in any industry that would benefit from the use of an ERS system.

   Moreover, the invention is designed to reduce the costs of doing such tracking and checking by hand, as described in the above-referenced article.
In addition, the invention involves using an ERS system to identify the sale of counterfeit products. Specifically, by collecting the unique identifier at the point of sale, such as by scanning the product serial number, the ERS system can identify the sale of suspicious products, such as counterfeit merchandise. Counterfeiters often use a serial number that looks similar to the serial number on an actual product. However, for cost reasons, each item of counterfeit merchandise typically does not include a unique serial number or other identifier.

   Thus, when the sale of such products are registered in an ERS system, the system can be used to inform the manufacturer or other party of the possible sale of counterfeit goods, by detecting the fact that numerous products have been sold having the same serial number of other identifier. Such information suggests suspicious activity, due to the fact that authorized merchandise will not include products with the same serial number or other identifier. In other words, unlike counterfeit products, authorized products all include a unique serial number or other identifier.

   It is noted that the invention can be used to detect any irregularity in the information collected or attempted to be collected by the ERS system that may indicate some type of unauthorized activity, such as counterfeiting or the like.
The invention further relates to the use of an ERS system to convey 5 product recall information and/or other product related information to purchasers of products that have been registered by the ERS system.

   Thus, the instant invention enables an electronic registration system to be used to advise customers of product recalls, safety recalls, performance enhancement tips/service, periodic maintenance, up-selling and/or accessory information, as
10 well as any other information that someone may be interested in conveying to purchasers of particular products.
In order to enable purchasers of particular products to be notified, the electronic registration system is used to obtain contact information from the purchaser, at the time of purchase or through a post registration procedure. This
15 contact information may be a phone number, address, e-mail address or any other information that could be used by the system to contact the purchaser after a product has been purchased.

   In one embodiment, the contact information may be obtained through a registration web site designed to obtain the contact information (see Fig. 15) from the purchaser after a product has been purchased
20 and electronically registered in a suitable database at the point of sale or otherwise. In another embodiment, the contact information may be obtained with the unique product identifier at the point of purchase.
Regardless of how the contact information is obtained, once the contact information is obtained and stored in the product registration database, the
25 contact information can be used to contact the purchaser at a later date for a variety of useful reasons.

   In other words, by registering information on the particular purchaser as well as the particular product purchased, it is possible to use the contact information to conveniently provide information about the
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > product or related products/services that may be of interest to the purchaser. For example, if a recall is needed for a product, the electronic registration system can be used to advise the purchasers of the recall. In addition, the system can be used to market other related products or new products to the registered purchasers.

   Another implementation is to use the contact information in connection with products that are often pro-rated, in order to give the customer partial credit for the previously purchased product towards a new product, thereby helping to assure that the purchaser repurchases the same brand of product that was previously purchased. An example of this type of prorated product is tires, wherein a manufacturer may give the original purchaser some credit towards a new set of tires based on the age of the originally purchased tires. Thus, the instant invention can be used to provide a variety of useful information for purchasers of products that have been registered in an ERS system.

   While the instant invention primarily relates to methods described above for enhancing the functionality of an ERS system, the details of a preferred ERS system that can be used to implement the instant invention is described in detail herein. It is noted, however, that any suitable ERS system may be used in accordance with the instant invention. The present invention advantageously uses an electronic registration (ERS) system which uses individual product identification information for purchased products gathered at the point of a sales transaction and stored in one or more transaction databases. The ERS system enables a store clerk or the like to obtain real-time electronic verification of a particular product sale transaction as well as the currently available return/warranty options for a particular product presented for return.

   Purchaser contact information is also collected either at the point of sale of through a postregistration procedure. Information indicating the location of each particular sales transaction is obtained by the ERS system, as well as the individual product identification information and the transaction date.
In accordance with the instant invention, the information collected in the ERS system is advantageously used to identify any suspicious 5 information/activity that may indicate unauthorized or counterfeit sales, whether they relate to the product itself or the location of the sale. In this way, unauthorized and counterfeit sales can be identified, reduced and/or prevented.

   In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the information in the ERS system is used for conveying recall or other product related information to the 10 purchasers of registered products, thereby further enhancing the functionality and benefits of electronic registration of product transactions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
15 Other objects, features, advantages and characteristics of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, when read in view of the accompanying drawings, in which:
20 FIGURE 1 A is a flow chart of the main steps performed in accordance with one embodiment of the instant invention that is designed to identify improper sale locations for registered products;

  
FIGURE IB is a flow chart of the main steps performed in accordance with another embodiment of the instant invention that is designed to detect 25 unauthorized or counterfeit product sales;
FIGURE IC is a flow chart of the main steps performed in accordance with another embodiment of the instant invention that is designed to provide
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > information to purchasers of products at various times after a registered product is purchased;
FIGURE ID is a block diagram of the main features of the embodiment of the invention described in Fig.

   IC;
FIGURE IE is a schematic block diagram illustrating an example of an overall electronic registration system that may be used in connection with one aspect of the present invention;
FIGURE 2 is an example flowchart illustrating a series of steps that may be performed at a point of sale for registering a product transaction;
FIGURE 3 illustrates an example transaction receipt which reflects a unique product serial number and a transaction date;
FIGURE 4 illustrates an example flow chart for an electronic data interface between a product retailer and a registration center during electronic product registration;
FIGURE 5 illustrates an example flow chart generally illustrating steps which may be taken in connection with product registration and return;
FIGURE 6 illustrates an example of a procedure at a retailer for determining whether a product return is properly under warranty;

  
FIGURE 7 schematically illustrates a typical arrangement which may be utilized in handling product returns; FIGURE 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating components which may be used in connection with a preferred example implementation of one aspect of the present invention;
5 FIGURE 9 is a data flow diagram illustrating operation of the system of
FIGURE 8;
FIGURES 10A through 10H illustrate various user interface screen displays which may be used in connection with an example implementation of 10 one aspect of the present invention;
FIGURE 11 is a plan view of a pallet on which a plurality of returned goods is stacked for return to a manufacturer, including a batch return authorization label which may be placed on the pallet;

   15
FIGURE 11 A further illustrates the batch return authorization label of FIGURE 11;
FIGURES 12, 12A and 12B are schematic diagrams illustrating the 20 operation of a general registration/return system in accordance with one aspect of the present invention;
FIGURE 13 is a schematic diagram further illustrating the operation of the system of FIGURE 12;

   25
FIGURE 14 is an application overview illustrating various components and functions of a preferred implementation of the central registration computer system;
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > FIGURE 15 is a flow chart illustrating steps that may be taken to ensure customer protection and verification during submission of additional product registration information as part of a consumer post-sale product registration;
FIGURES 16A through 16G are example user interface screen displays which may be used during a customer service request for return/warranty information;
FIGURES 17 A through 17H are example user interface screen displays which may be used during a customer service request for operating instructions or hook-up information for a product;

   and
FIGURES 18A through 18F are example user interface screen displays which may be used during a customer service request for vendor/product information.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention is described in the context of particular exemplary embodiments. However, it will be recognized by those of ordinary skill that modification, extensions and changes to the disclosed exemplary embodiments may be made without departing from the true scope and spirit of the instant invention. In short, the following descriptions are provided by way of example only, and the present invention is not limited to the particular preferred embodiments disclosed herein.
In accordance with the instant invention, methods are provided for using an electronic registration (ER) system for purposes other than returns or warranties of registered products.

   In particular, the invention enables tracking and detection of improper product sale locations and counterfeit product sales, as well as enables recall and other post-sale information to be provided to purchasers. Each of these methods, as well as a preferred ER system for implementing the methods, will be described in detail below: 5
Sale Location Tracking and Counterfeit Detection
Fig. IB shows exemplary steps used in accordance with a first embodiment of the instant invention. In this embodiment, the ER system is used
10 to track product sale locations and identify any improper sale locations. In particular, this embodiment uses an existing electronic product registration (ERS) system for tracking the particular location at which a product is sold.

   For example, the ERS syste can be used to provide transaction information (e.g., retailer's name and location) to manufacturers about the particular location at
15 which a serialized product has been sold. In this way, a manufacturer is able to determine if any of its products are being sold at unauthorized locations, such as discount stores. This embodiment provides a tool that can, for example, be used to assure that products are only sold at locations that are authorized by the manufacturer or other interested party. Reports can be periodically generated
20 based on the information collected at the point of sale and stored in the ER database.
In accordance with the invention, by collecting the unique identifier and information as to the location at which the product has been sold, the ER system can be used to identify the sale of products at unauthorized locations.

   As
25 explained above, trans-shipments of products from one store or location to another often occur for profit reasons and in violation of agreements between the parties involved in the manufacture and distribution of such merchandise. Makers of designer clothes do not want their latest creations showing up for sale
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > at a discount store, before they have been taken out of the window at an upscale department store. However, unscrupulous parties involved in such businesses often take actions that cause these and other circumstances to happen. This embodiment of the instant invention provides a tool to detect and prevent these types of improper activities from occurring in any industry that would benefit from the use of an ERS system.

   The ER system enables easy and efficient collection and processing of location information, thereby enabling location verification or auditing to be easily and accurately performed. This invention is much more accurate and cost effective as compared to doing such tracking and checking by hand, as described in the above-referenced article.
Fig. IB shows the main steps performed in accordance with this location tracking embodiment of the invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the first step (step 1810) involves collecting a serial number (or other unique identifier) for a purchased product at the point of sale. This step is similar to the data collection step performed by known ER systems, such as those described in the abovereferenced ER patents. As a result, the invention does not require any significant changes in the point of sale (POS) operations.

   The serial number of the purchased product and an indication (such as store identifier) is then transmitted to and stored in a database (step 1812). This database may be the ER database 16 shown in Fig. IE. In this manner, a detailed database is generated that includes transaction information for serialized products that indicates where the product was sold.
In accordance with the invention, an auditing program is run periodically which processes the data in the database and looks for unauthorized sale locations. This procedure is carried-out by comparing the sale locations where the product was sold with a database of authorized sales locations by serial number (step 1814). The authorized sales locations database is populated with data which indicates what store should be selling what merchandise by serial number.

   Preferably, the authorized location data may be directly provided by the manufacturer (or other party, such as clothing designer)) that desires to track sales locations. In other words, the manufacturer may electronically transmit the data to the ER system so that current data is available to the auditing program. 5 The auditing program preferably generates a report (step 1816) that identifies any discrepancies between the actual sale location and the authorized sale location for each serial number. Each manufacturer or other party participating in the auditing procedure is then notified of any discrepancies, so that the matter can be investigated and so that corrective action can be taken if necessary.

   In
10 this way, violations of contracts relating to sale locations can be reduced in an efficient and reliable manner.
In accordance with another embodiment of the instant invention, the ER system is used to identify the sale of counterfeit products. Specifically, by collecting the unique identifier at the point of sale, such as by scanning the
15 product serial number, the ERS system of the instant invention provides a tool that can be used to identify the sale of suspicious products, such as counterfeit merchandise. Counterfeiters often use a serial number that looks similar to the serial number on an actual product. However, for cost reasons, each item of counterfeit merchandise typically does not include a unique serial number or
20 other unique identifier.

   Thus, when the sale of such products are registered in an ER system, the system can be used to inform the manufacturer or other interested party of the possible sale of counterfeit goods, by detecting the fact that numerous products have been sold having the same serial number. Such information suggests suspicious activity, due to the fact that authorized
25 merchandise will not include products with the same serial number or other unique identifier. In other words, unlike counterfeit products, authorized products all include a unique serial number or other identifier.

   Thus, this embodiment enables detection of any irregularities in the information collected
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > or attempted to be collected by the ER system that may indicate some type of unauthorized activity, such as counterfeiting or the like.
Preferred steps performed in accordance with this second embodiment of the instant invention are shown in Fig. IB. As explained above, the first step involves obtaining serialized transaction information at the point of sale (step 1810). The transaction information is then transmitted to a database, such as the ER database 16 of Fig. IE (step 1812).

   A check program is periodically run on the serialized data in ER system to detect irregularities, such as many purchases of an item having the same serial number or any other irregularity that would indicate that may indicate that counterfeit or otherwise unauthorized products have been sold (step 1814). The ER system enables a location to be identified where any such unauthorized activity appears to be occurring. Reports can then be generated (step 1816) which highlights any improper activity and provides detailed information relating thereto so that the matter can be investigated and corrected.

   In this way, counterfeit products or other unauthorized transactions can be efficiently and accurately identified, thereby reducing such unauthorized activity.
Post-Sale Notification System
In accordance with another embodiment, the instant invention provides a
system for using an electronic registration ER system for conveying product
recalls and/or other similar product information to purchasers of registered
products.

   This embodiment enables the electronic registration system to be used
to advise customers of product recalls, safety recalls, performance enhancement
tips/service, periodic maintenance, up-selling and/or accessory information, as well as any other information that someone may be interested in conveying to
purchasers of particular products.
This embodiment requires that contact information for purchasers be
obtained and stored in a database, such as the ER database 16 shown in Fig. IE.
5 The information may be obtained in any suitable manner and at any time that
enables the information to be timely available to the system such as at the time of
purchase or through a post registration procedure.

   In other words, in order to
enable purchasers of particular products to be notified or provided information,
the electronic registration system must obtain or have access to contact
10 information for the purchaser. This contact information may be a phone number,
address, e-mail address or any other information that could be used by the system
to contact the purchaser after a product has been purchased. In one embodiment,
the contact information may be obtained through a registration web site designed
to obtain the contact information from the purchaser after a product has been
15 purchased and electronically registered in a suitable database at the point of sale.
This web-site registration embodiment is further described below in connection
with Fig. 15.

   In another embodiment, the contact information may be obtained
with the unique product identifier at the point of sale.
Regardless of how the contact information is obtained, once the contact
20 information is obtained and stored in the product registration database or other
suitable database, the contact information can be used to contact the purchaser at
BNSDOCID- < O 0249257A2 I > a later date for a variety of useful reasons. In other words, by registering
information on the particular purchaser and the particular product purchased, it is
possible to use the contact information to conveniently provide information
about the product or related products/services that may be of interest to the
purchaser. For example, if a recall is needed for a product, the electronic
registration system can be used to advise the purchasers of the recall.

   In
addition, the system can be used to market other related or new products to the
registered purchasers. Another implementation is to use the contact information
in connection with products that are often pro-rated, in order to give the
customer partial credit for the previously purchased product towards a new
product, thereby helping to assure that the purchaser repurchases the same brand
of product that was previously purchased. An example of this type of prorated
product is automobile tires.
This embodiment of the invention acts as a post-sale information system
that can efficiently and accurately be used to provide a variety of useful
information to purchasers of serialized products. Fig. IC shows exemplary steps
performed in connection with this embodiment of the instant invention.

   The
process starts by collecting serialized transaction information at the point of sale
(step 1820). The transaction information is then transmitted to the ER database
(step 1822). Purchaser contact information is obtained from the purchaser (step
1824), either at the point of sale, using a registration card, or through a web based interface (see, for example, Fig. 15). The transaction information and the
contact information is then used, in accordance with the instant invention, to
provide information to the purchaser about purchased products or related
products/services that may be of interest to the purchaser (step 1826). Thus, the
5 ER system can be effectively used to, for example, provide recall information to
purchasers, if necessary. In this way, all purchasers of recalled products can be
notified in a prompt and accurate manner.

   The ER system preferable maintains
information on what information was sent to each purchaser and when (step
1828).
10 The instant system can be used to either "push out" information to
purchasers or to allow purchasers access to the system to check for information
of interest. For example, an on-line interface (e.g., web) or voice recognition
system (i.e., telephone access) may be used by purchasers for accessing
information on purchased products. For example, purchasers could access the
15 system for deteixnining if a certain product is subject to a recall, such as a safety
recall. L[alpha] addition, the system can be used to provide performance enhancement
tips or service information, periodic preventative maintenance information
(notification/follow-up via email or auto dial up), and/or up-selling and
accessory information.

   In one embodiment, the system is used in connection
20 with items such as tires, in order to provide safety information, change of
specification information, and/or to remind the purchaser of tire maintenance,
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > such as rotation or replacement. The system may also be used to provide
information to purchasers of other suitable items, such as, but not limited to,
batteries, bicycles, and major appliances.
The database is preferably a national database that is populated by the
retailer and the manufacturer for the purpose of providing accurate updates,
safety related information on products, or any other suitable information. The
information in the database may be accessed via a web site, and the web-site
address is preferably provided in the Product Instruction Manual.

   In the case of
recalls, the media could direct consumers to the web site for specific information
on the recall. The database is populated by the point of sale systems and the
manufacturer (or vendor), and may also be populated with information directly
from the consumer, if desired. The system may push the information to the
consumers using the contact information, such as email, address and/or phone
number etc. For example, manufacturers may post mandatory or optional
product service bulletins. The system may alternatively be passive (i.e., no
information is pushed to the consumer - instead only serial number look-up may
be provided).
Fig. ID shows the various aspects of the overall information system of this
embodiment of the invention. As shown in Fig.

   ID, the database 1830 receives
information from the retailer, the customer and the manufacturer, thereby
providing the necessary information to enable the system to push information to the customer (e.g., via e-mail) or to enable the customer to passively access the
information (e.g., via web or 800 number).
The following is a list of exemplary steps performed in accordance with a
preferred implementation of this embodiment of the invention: 1) populate
5 database from retailer (ER data and phone number or email); 2) attach product
warranty/returns policy (link variable warranty/prorated based on time and/or
mileage or hours of use.); 3) vendor posts product bulletins, notifications, etc.; 4)
retailer posts periodic maintenance schedule; 5) Retailer and/or vendor posts
product accessories or linked/associated products;

   6) ER system broadcasts
10 (pushes) information/notifications to consumers who own the product that the
information relates to; 7) record is updated to document when and how a
consumer was notified (email and/or phone); 8) any maintenance, svc/retailer
updates product record and notes deficiencies that were not complete because of
consumer; 9) consumer can access info via the web and/or 800# (certain
15 information may only be viewed by vendor and retailer); 10) Insurance
companies (state/federal) can gain access to records for a fee - with vendor's
permission.
An exemplary prorating graph that could be used in connection with the
instant invention is shown below:
20
BNSDOCID:

   <WO 0249257A2 I > 40k
$$
10k 20k
30k
Some value always remains to ensure repurchase of same brand or from same retailer
1 2 3 4 F
Time/miles/copies
In one embodiment, a coupon can be emailed or 800 notified after prorating
reaches minimum value (e.g., by retailer or vendor), using the ER system.
The post-sale information system of the instant invention has many
benefits for all parties involved. Some of the main benefits are summarized
below by party:
Retailer Benefits
1. Good corporate citizen
2. Repeat sales (residual value of old product)
3. Recycle old product for (2) residual value
4. Sell associated accessories.
Vendor Benefits
1. Good corporate citizen
2. Sell more product (repeat)
3. Recycle
4. Sell accessories direct (or through retailers)
5. Government compliance and legal
Consumer
1. Electronic receipt/record
2. Maintenance reminder
3. Residual value 4.

   Product awareness on recalls, etc.
Exemplary ER System
5
An example of one type of electronic product registration (ERS) system that is preferably used in connection with the instant invention is illustrated in FIG. IE. Briefly, this example system includes a point of sale register 2 and an associated bar code scanner 4. The register 2 is preferably connected with a
10 local computer system 6 in any suitable manner. For example, the register 2 may be "hard-wired" to the local computer system 6. Alternatively, the register 2 and the local computer system 6 may communicate, for example, through modems and telephone lines, or over radio communication channels. Any suitable communication channel may be used.
15 In certain situations (e.g., single store retailers), it may be advantageous to have the local computer system 6 located in proximity to the register 2.

   For large chain stores, however, it may be advantageous to situate the local retailer computer 6 at a central location with links to the registers 2 at individual stores. The particular arrangement will depend on the preferences and circumstances of
20 the specific retailer and may vary in accordance therewith.
The local retailer computer system includes an associated local database 8 for storing registration information. Additionally, a local printer 10 and an operator terminal 11 may be provided. The operator terminal may be used, for example, by a store clerk upon return of merchandise to locate pertinent sales
25 information in the local database 8.

   The printer 10 may be used to produce hard copies of, for example, end-of-day sales reports and/or the like.
In the exemplary embodiment, a communication channel 12 is provided between the retailer computer system 6 and a central computer system 14. The central registration computer system may, for example, be an independent
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > registration center computer system which electronically registers product transactions for a number of different retailers. In other words, the central computer system may be operated by a third-party service provider.
It is noted that the term "communication channel" or "channel" is used herein in its broadest sense, and includes any suitable technique for passing electronic information between systems.

   Such suitable techniques include, for example, electronic links via modem, radio links, or even communications established by physically transporting a recording medium, such as a magnetic disk, magnetic tape or optical disk, from one system to the other. In the preferred arrangement, an electronic link may be established by modem over available commercial telephone lines.
A general registration database 16 is associated with the central registration computer system 14 for storing transaction information from a plurality of retailer computer systems 6. Additionally, a printer 18 and an operator terminal 20 may be included with the central registration computer system 14. As discussed below in greater detail, the central registration computer system may maintain a number of data files pertaining to individual retailers, manufactures and the like.

   These data files include information applicable to the particular individual retailer, distributor, manufacturer or the like and are preferably maintained by that particular individual or entity. For example, a data file may contain specific return/warranty policy information applicable to that particular individual or entity.
It should be appreciated that the central computer system 14 is preferably intended to handle product registrations for a number of different manufacturers and/or other vendors. Accordingly, the general registration database may employ a structure wherein the product registrations for each participating vendor is maintained in separate areas. Alternatively, separate databases may be employed for each participating vendor.

   Of course, other data structures may be employed so long as the registration center is able to properly keep track of the product transaction information and particular return and/or warranty policies associated with each transaction.
As illustrated in FIG. IE, the central registration computer system 14 may 5 have a number of additional communications links 12', 12", etc. for receiving information from other local computer systems. Thus, for example, a registration center may receive information from a number of different retailers. Additionally, the local computer system 6 may include a number of additional communication channels 13, 13', 13", etc. for connecting with other central
10 computer systems. Accordingly, an individual retailer can electronically register products with a number of different registration databases, if desired.

   Furthermore, a number of communication channels 15, 15', 15", etc. can be provided for communications between the central registration computer syste 14 and individual manufacturer computer systems and computer systems of third
15 party service providers, law enforcement agencies and/or the like. Of course, a general access channel such as an internet connection may also be made available for authorized access to the central computer system 14.
For convenience, the multiple communication channels in FIG. 1 are illustrated with separate lines. It should be noted, however, that separate lines
20 are not necessary.

   For example, the local computer system 6 more likely would have a single communications line, and connection with the particular central computer system 14 would be made through a modem by dialing the appropriate telephone number or through an internet connection.
An example of the operation of the system illustrated in FIG. 1 is now
25 described in connection with FIGS. 2-6. Referring now to FIG. 2, the electronic registration process begins when a customer brings merchandise to the register 2 for check-out. The sales clerk enters the SKU number which identifies the type of product involved in the transaction (e.g., Super Nintendo Entertainment
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > System, Nintendo Game Boy, Nintendo N64, etc.) by, for example, scanning a UPC product code included on the product packaging (block 100).

   Of course, key entry or another technique for entering the SKU number may be used.
Electronic registration might not be necessary for a substantial number of small commodity products (e. ., batteries, candy, diapers, etc.) that are commonly sold by retailers. Accordingly, a check may be made, based on the type of product as identified by the UPC code, to determine whether this is a product for which electronic registration is desired (block 102). If so, the store associate is prompted to enter the serial number of the individual item (block 104).
The serial number may be entered (block 106), for example, by scanning a serial number printed on the packaging. Alternatively, the serial number as it appears on the product may be scanned through a window in the packaging. This alternative ensures that the individual product is identified even if it is mispackaged.

   Also, repackaging of returned merchandise would be simplified. Other techniques, such as key entry, may also be used. Because the serial number is unique to each individual product, it acts as individual production identification information.
Once the serial number is entered, a check may be made to ensure that the serial number is valid (block 108). If not, control returns to block 104, and the store associate is again prompted to enter the serial number. This is repeated until a valid serial number is obtained. It may be desirable to provide store managers with the ability to override the requirement to enter a serial number in a limited number of situations. If such an ability is given, however, the overrides should be monitored to ensure the ability is not abused. This may be done, for example, by generating a periodic report listing all overrides by individual managers.

   Several different techniques may be used to evaluate and verify the validity of the serial number. Of course, to safeguard against fraud, individual manufacturers will likely each use its own confidential technique for verifying the validity of the serial number. Accordingly, the retailer system preferably 5 includes the ability to select and apply an appropriate verification technique in accordance with the particular manufacturer, product line, or the like.
In one preferred technique, a check digit is added to the serial number. Such a check digit technique may utilize a predetermined mathematical operation which is performed on the digits of the serial number.

   If the result of the 10 predetermined mathematical operation is equal to the check digit, the validity of the serial number is verified.
An example of a check digit technique will be described in connection with an eight-digit serial number. A predetermined mathematical operation associated with the check digit may be to multiply the sum of the first four digits 15 of the serial number by two (2), multiply the sum of the last four digits by three (3), and sum the resulting products. This may be expressed in equation form as:
2(N*+ N2+ N3+ N4) + 3(N5+N6+N7-- N8)
20 where Ni is the first digit of the serial number, N2is the second digit of the serial number, and so on. The check digit may then be taken as the least significant digit of the result. Thus, for a serial number 22312313, the result of the predetermined mathematical operation is 2*(2+2+3+l) + 3*(2+3+l+3)= 16+27 =43.

   The check digit is the least significant digit; that is the check digit is 3.
25 Accordingly, the number appearing on the product would be 223123133, wherein the last digit is the check digit. For serial number 10532641, the check digit is 7 [2*(l+0+5+3) + 3*(2+6 +4+ 1) = 18+39=57], and the number appearing on the product would be 105326417.
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I The particular mathematical operation used in connection with the check digit is not critical to the present invention. Any predetermined mathematical operation may be used to obtain the check digit. Indeed, for added security, it is possible to utilize more than one check digit, wherein each check digit is calculated by a different mathematical operation.

   Whatever mathematical operation is used, however, it is desirable to minimize the number of individuals with knowledge of the specific operation to reduce the risk of false serial numbers being generated. Other techniques may include using a look-up table to assure that the serial number matches a predefined list of serial numbers prior to accepting the serial number.
In a preferred embodiment of the instant invention a serial number mask and check digit system may be defined by the third-party service provider for use by the individual manufacturers participating in the electronic registration system (ERS). This feature provides an improved method of defining serial numbers for each Universal Product Code (UPC), which method improves the efficiency and accuracy of ERS systems and/or other systems in which such information is utilized.

   This system enables significant flexibility for the manufacturers in assigning serial numbers, while also assuring that the serial numbers can be efficiently and accurately captured during the purchase transaction for use by an ERS.
In accordance with this mask system, a number of mandatory rules are defined for use by the participating manufacturers when defining serial numbers for their products. An example set of rules is provided below:
1) A serial number consists of three parts: Constants, numeric variables, and a check digit. The Constants and check digit are optional.

   Only the numeric variables are required. 2) Serial number constants, variables and check digit must maintain positional integrity. 3) The check digit must be at the end of the serial number.
4) The value of the check digit is calculated from one contiguous range.
5) If a UPC or item number has more than one mask, all character constants must be the same for each mask and in the same position, unless a numeric
5 constant is defined that is unique between each mask.
6) All Constants are defined with upper case letters, or numbers.
7) Constants can either be characters or numbers.
8) All variables are defined with a lower case "x".
9) The check digit is defined with a lower case "y".

   10 10) Variables can only be numbers.
11) The check digit can only be a single number from 0 to 9.
12) In the event that the bar code contains more than just the serial number, the UPC code will be defined with lower case "a", and the model number will be defined with lower case "b".
15 13) If more than one contiguous range of variables exits in the mask, only one range can be used to calculate the minimum value allowed for registration. 14). The range of variables used for minimum value allowed for registration, must be in ascending order from one serial number to the next.
20 In this example, a mask for a serial number can consist of three parts:
Constants (optional), variables (required), and a check digit (optional).

   Below is an example of a serial number and how it is defined in the mask.
Example serial number: NS 123456784
25
- The constants are defined as "NS" in position 1 and 2.
- The variables are defined as lower case "x" in positions 3 through 10.
- The check digit is defined as a lower case "y" in position 11.
30 Thus, the mask would look like: NSxxxxxxxxy
A check digit algorithm may also be used in this embodiment as follows: The following six arguments need to be answered to define how the check digit is calculated. Note that these arguments are only answered when a check digit is 35 placed in the mask.
Example: NS123456784
1) Starting position of the range used to calculate the check digit. (3)
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > 2) Ending position of the range used to calculate the check digit.

   (10)
3) Directional as Left to Right, or Right to Left (R-L)
When taking the example 12345678, and trying to determine which numbers are in an even position, and which numbers are in an odd position, this tells the algorithm which direction to start from. In this case, the direction is from right to left. Thus all odd position numbers are 8, 6, 4, and 2. All even position numbers are 7, 5, 3 and 1.
4) Multiplier of odd or even positioned numbers. (3)
In the example above, the multiplier chosen is 3. This is a number that can range from 1 to 9, and is set by the client (e.g. manufacturer).
5) Multiply on all odd positions or even positions (O). See argument 3. In the example above, the odd position numbers are multiplied by 3. This is also decided by the client (e.g. manufacturer) .
6) Reduce single multiplier.

   (N)
When multiplying the positional numbers by the multiplier 3, there are two ways that you can perform the multiplication. You can multiply the sum of all the numbers by 3, or you may want to multiply each number by 3, and reduce the value to a single digit. See below for each technique. For our example serial number, option "a" will be used. a).
b).
8 + 6 + 4 +2 = 20  3 = 60
Multiply 8  3 = 24 6*3 = 18 4  3 = 12 2-3 = 6
Reduce
2 + 4 = 6
1 + 8 = 9
1+2 = 3
(no reduction needed)
6 + 9 + 3 + 6 = 24
Notice with option a, the value is 60, but with option b the value is 24. Each option will produce a different result. For this example serial number, option a) will be used.

   When each of the six arguments are answered, the definition is stored in the following notation:
3,10,R-L,3,O,N
5 Therefore, the value of the check digit is calculated as follows:
ODD POSITIONS 8 + 6 + 4 +2 = 20*3 = 60
EVEN POSmONS 7 + 5 + 3 + 1 = 16 10  SUM OF RESULTS 16 + 60 = 76
LAST DIGIT OF RESULT
SUBTRACTED FROM 10 (I.E., Mod 10) 10 - 6 = 4
The check digit value based on the above definition would be 4.
15
So for the example NS 123456784; Mask = NSxxxxxxxxy
Check Digit Algorithm = 3,10,R-L,3,O,N
20
If the range for the check digit algorithm contains character constants, a conversion table is used. If the range of data used to calculate the serial number does not have any alpha characters, then a conversion table does not have to be assigned.

   An example conversion table is as follow:
25
A=l, B=2, C=3, D=4, E=5, F=6, G=7, H=8, 1=9, J=10, K=ll, L=12, M=13, N=14, 0=15, P=0, Q=l, R=2, S=3, T=4, U=5, V=6, W=7, X=8, Y=9, Z=10
30 This example corresponds to what the U.S. postal service uses for converting characters to numbers. This conversion table is then provided to, for example, the retailers so that the POS system can edit the data scanned prior to accepting the value.

   The conversion table may also be used at the location where the ERS database is located to edit the data prior to registration in the database.
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > This feature of the instant invention provides an advantageous method of enabling participating manufacturers to assign a serial number mask for each UPC, while also enabling the serial numbers used to be easily captured during a product transaction for input to an electronic registration system (ERS) or the like.

   The POS system would then have access to information which would enable it to know what mask to use for each UPS, thereby enabling the correct serial number to be obtained and verified during the product purchase transaction.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the mask may be defined in a manner which enables the system (ERS system, POS system, or other related system) to determine if the mask is a packaging mask or a product mask. A packaging mask is defined as a mask for serial numbers used only on packaging for products, while a product mask is defined as a mask for serial numbers used only on actual products.

   One example embodiment of this feature of the invention is to define certain elements (such as certain constants) in the mask to be used only with serial numbers on product packaging, and to define different constants for use only with serial numbers on actual products. In this manner, the POS or ERS system could determine upon reading the serial number whether the actual product or only the product packaging has been scanned or otherwise obtained.
One benefit of this optional feature of the invention, is that fraudulent returns can be minimized or prevented. More particularly, by using this technique the fraudulent return situation can be avoided where a person purchases a new product with new packaging and then returns the new packaging with an old or different product therein for credit or refund.

   The invention reduces this type of fraud by requiring that an actual product be scanned, rather than only the packaging returned with the product. In other words the POS or ERS system could be programmed to recognize during a product return transaction whether only the packaging serial number has been scanned, and prevent acceptance of the return until the actual product is scanned, thereby assuring that the actual product , not just the packaging, qualifies for return. 5 Once the serial number is verified (block 108), a local database may be updated with the serial number information and any other necessary or desired information (block 110). At minimum, however, the local database should include an indication of the date on which the transaction took place.

   Other information might include the price paid, the store associate responsible for the
10 sale, and the like.
The serial number of the individual product is printed (block 112) as part of a written customer transaction receipt. As shown in the sample sales receipt 30 of FIG. 3, the serial number may be printed adjacent the description and SKU number of the registered product. Thus, it will be a simple matter to correlate
15 serial numbers with associated products, particularly when several registered products appear on a single customer sales receipt. Of course, additional information may be printed as well.
The date of the transaction will typically be printed at either the beginning or the end of the sales receipt, but may appear anywhere on the receipt.

   In the
20 example operation illustrated in FIG. 2 and the sample sales receipt of FIG. 3, the date is printed at the end of the sales receipt 30 (block 116). For ease of viewing, the serial number and date on the sample receipt 30 are indicated by boxes. If desired, an actual printed receipt may also have such information highlighted, for example, by a different color ink.
25 Turning back to the example operation illustrated in FIG. 2, after the serial number is printed, a check is made to determine whether sales are complete (block 114). Ordinarily, this will be based on the store associate hitting a TOTAL button on the cash register. If sales are not complete, control returns to
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > block 100 for entry of a SKU number for the next product. Otherwise, sales totals are calculated and printed on the receipt along with the current date (block 116).

   Thereafter, the central registration computer system 14 is contacted and the general registration database 16 is updated. It should be emphasized that the operation illustrated in FIG. 2 is merely exemplary, and that the steps need not be performed in the particular order shown. For example, all print operations and database updates can take place after sales are completed. Additionally, it is not necessary to update the databases on an item-by-item basis. Indeed, efficiency and speed in updating the general database may be increased by batching transactions in groups of, for example, fifteen transactions.
An example technique for interfacing the local computer system 6 to the central registration computer system 14 is illustrated in FIG. 4.

   Product serial numbers are scanned or keyed in by a store associate (block 200) and stored with associated information in the local database (block 202) using an operation such as discussed in connection with FIG. 2. Thereafter, the local computer system 6 extracts the serial number information from the database (block 204) and batches the information in blocks of fifteen (block 206). The information may also be batched by manufacture in the local computer system 6. The operations represented by blocks 204 and 206 are preferably performed periodically, for example, daily.
Once the serial number information is properly batched (block 206), the local computer system 6, in this case a retailer system, dials the general registration computer system 14, to make an electronic link to an electronic mailbox set up for that particular retailer (block 208).

   A separate electronic mailbox may be set up for each registration center account. The connection is tested (block 210) and, if the connection is not properly established, the retailer computer system 6 redials (block 212) until a proper connection is established. At that point, data is transmitted (block 214) to the electronic mailbox. Batching the information increases transmission speed and, therefore, reduces data transmission times.
Data communications between the retailer system and the registration 5 center system may use a conventional communications format. For example, the computer systems may be equipped with an EDI Translator capable of using the Standard 140 file format established by the EIA. The Standard 140 file format is specifically designed to extract product registration information.

   A typical transmission would begin with a Transaction Set Header to indicate the start of a
10 transaction and to assign a control number. This would be followed by a
Beginning Segment for Product Registration which indicates the beginning of a product registration transaction set and transmits identifying numbers, dates and times. The identifying numbers may include a Purpose Code to identify the type of registration (e.g., original sale or return to stock) and a Reference Number
15 assigned by the user for the particular transaction. Next, a Name segment is transmitted to identify the user by type of organization, name and identifier code. The identifier code may indicate an organizational entity, a physical location, or an individual.
If deshed, additional identifying segments such as an Address Information
20 segment and a Geographic Location segment may be transmitted.

   The address information would include, for example, a street number and name for the individual store. The geographic location information would include the city name, a state or province code as defined by an appropriate Government agency, a postal code (e.g., a zip code in the United States), and a country code.
25 Following any desired additional identifying segments, specific item identification information (e.g., serial numbers) may be transmitted along with a textual description of the product if desired. Information identifying the individual store that sold the particular item may be associated with the
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > information for that item. Appropriate dividers would be provided to separate the information for the respective individual items.

   After the individual item information has been transmitted completely, a Transaction Set Trailer segment may be transmitted to indicate the end of the transaction set and provide the count of transmitted segments.
Returning now to FIG. 4, the registration center computer system 14 decodes the serial number information received from the retailer (block 216). The decoded serial number information is preferably sorted by manufacturer (if not already sorted) and initially stored in a temporary database (block 218). Separate temporary databases may be employed for individual manufacturers.

   The serial number information is preferably encoded along with the retailer's name, the registration date, the sale date, the last date on which returns will be accepted, and the last date for warranty repairs (block 220).
The applicable return and warranty dates may be stored in the registration center computer system or, alternatively, could be obtained from the particular manufacturer by way of communication channels 15, 15', 15", etc. Of course, other ways of determining the appropriate dates may also be utilized.

   In accordance with the preferred embodiment, however, the central computer system has access to information providing the manufacturers return and warranty policy for each product registered, and the participating manufacturer or other vender provides and updates this information for each of its products.
The individual serial numbers may next be validated using the check digit technique discussed above, and the data is transferred to the registration center's general database (block 222). Following validation of the serial numbers, an online summary report may be generated which lists all accepted and rejected serial numbers (block 224). The valid data is then stored in the manufacturer's national serial number database for later access as described in detail below.

   The summary report provided in block 224 provides a tool for the registration center to locate trouble spots caused, for instance, by malfunctioning retailer systems or attempted fraud. Additional monitoring reports may also be generated as desired. For example, the serial number pass/fail ratio for all 5 returns by a particular retailer over a given time period may be reported, duplicate serial numbers may be located and listed, previously registered serial numbers may be flagged, and cross-references may be made between the registration date and the date the product was returned to the manufacturer. Such reports can be used by the registration center to monitor retailer returns for
10 possible problems or abuse.

   Reports may also be generated for individual manufacturers for separate monitoring or other uses.
FIG. 5A and 5B illustrate in flow chart form an example purchase and return process made possible by the electronic registration system described above in accordance with the present invention. A store customer first picks out
15 a store product for purchase (block 300) and brings it to the check out station (block 302). The store associate then scans the UPC code to enter the product SKU number (block 304) and, if it is a product for which electronic registration is sought, the store clerk is prompted to enter the unique serial number (block 306).
20 After the store clerk scans the serial number (block 308), the customer sales receipt is printed with the serial number (block 310) and the transaction databases are updated (block 312).

   The process ends if the customer is satisfied with the product (block 314). If not, however, the customer returns the product to the store (block 316).
25 As noted previously, if the customer presents the sales receipt at the time of a return, the store associate may compare the serial number on the product with that on the sales receipt. The associate should compare the printed serial number with that on the product itself, rather than the serial number on the
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > packaging, to guard against repackaging of an old product in a box for a recently purchased product.

   If the serial numbers match, the return is within an applicable allowable time period, and all other return qualifications are met (e.g., no major parts are missing, etc.) the return may be accepted, assuming that the store clerk handling the return known the applicable return policy associated with that particular product.
However, if the store clerk is uncertain of the applicable allowable return period, the clerk may submit the product for electronic return verification as described below. If there is no receipt, or if the product serial number does not match that printed on the receipt, the store associate examines the products to ensure all return qualifications are met (block 318). If so, the store associate scans the serial number on the product (block 320) and the retailer computer system 6 checks the retailer database for the serial number (block 322).

   A link to the registration center's serial number database may be made to search for serial numbers which do not appear in the retailer database (block 324).
Assuming the serial number information is found in either the retailer database or the registration center database, the date of purchase is checked to see if then return has been presented within the applicable return period (e.g. 90 days) (block 326). Purchases within the appHcable return period which meet all other manufacturer return qualifications (block 328) may be refunded or exchanged (block 330). The retailer may then return the product to the manufacturer within an appHcable time period (e.g., 150 days) from the date of purchase to receive credit for the return (block 332).

   For products which do not meet all manufacturer return qualifications
(block 328), but were purchased within the applicable return period (block 326), the consumer may be referred to an authorized repair facility for a warranty repair (block 334). Similarly, if the purchase was made outside the applicable return period (block 326), but witiiin the appHcable warranty repair period (e.g., 180 days) (block 336), the customer will be referred to an authorized repair faciHty for a warranty repair (block 334). Consumers seeking to return products purchased beyond the appHcable warranty repair period (block 336) will be 5 directed to an authorized repair faciHty for a non-warranty repair (block 338).
The example return and warranty repair deadlines noted in the example of FIG. 5 are fairly typical for actual return policies.

   However, these particular deadlines are merely examples, and other appropriate deadhnes may be used without departing from the invention. Because different manufactures may
10 utilize different return and warranty deadlines, it is preferred that the deadlines applicable to a particular manufacturer be stored in the retailer computer system. Of course, if the applicable deadfines are encoded along with the serial number information at the time of initial registration, that information should be available from the registration data without the need to again check the
15 appHcable return criteria.
FIG. 6 provides a graphic illustration of a return process which utilizes the features of an electronic registration system in accordance with the instant invention.

   As illustrated at the left hand portion of FIG. 6, when a customer seeks to return a product, the store associate searches the retailer's store-wide
20 database by entering the product serial number. If the transaction is located in the store- wide database, the operator terminal 11 of the retailer computer system 6 displays the product description, the purchase location, and purchase date. AdditionaUy, the consumer's return options for the particular manufacturer (e.g., warranty repair, exchange, store credit, or cash refund) may be displayed. The
25 display of consumer options is particularly advantageous where electronic registration is used for multiple manufacturers. By displaying the options, the need for the store clerk to remember or look up the options is avoided.

   Also, the likelihood of the store associate making a mistake is reduced.
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > The right hand portion of FIG. 6 illustrates a situation where the product was purchased from a competitor retailer and, thus, does not appear in the storewide database. After unsuccessfully searching the store-wide database, the retailer computer system 6 dials up to search the registration center database. The registration center computer system 14 returns the date purchased, the name of the retailer that sold the product, the applicable deadline for consumer returns, the applicable deadline for the retailer to return the product to the manufacturer for credit, and the applicable deadline for warranty repairs.

   Based on this information from the registration center, the operator terminal 11 of the retailer computer system 6 displays the product description, the purchase location and date, and available consumer options.
Referring now to FIG. 7, an example of a typical arrangement which may be used for handling product returns is illustrated. The present invention, of course, is applicable to other arrangements as well. In the example arrangement of FIG. 7, a regional warehouse 501 operated by a large retail chain coUects product returns from local retail stores 503 A and 503B. In the illustrated example, retail store 503A is located in the Northeast United States and retail store 503B serves the Mid- Atlantic region; the retailer regional return center warehouse 501 is located in the South; and the manufacturer warehouse 505 is in the Pacific Northwest.

   Of course, this example is for iUustrative purposes only, and it should be appreciated that other local retail stores, regional return centers, etc. would be present in an actual return network. Also, it should be understood that a product return network typically would be operated in conjunction with a product distribution network. After the returned products arrive at the regional warehouse 501 , they are sorted by manufacturer and/or product, and are shipped from the regional warehouse 501 to the manufacturer warehouse 505 for credit or replacement. The manufacturer then inspects the returned products to ensure that they comply with necessary return conditions and, if appropriate, issues a credit or replacement product.
Each step of the foregoing example return process involves various processing and handling requirements.

   For example, personnel at the local retail 5 store must first review the product for compHance with appHcable return requirements (e.g., ensure that the product is returned within the specified return period and verify that aU parts have been returned), and then arrange for shipment to the appropriate regional warehouse by way of a truck 507 or other suitable means of transportation.
10 Employees at the regional warehouse must unload the products received from the local retail stores, sort them by manufacturer and/or product, prepare them for shipment (e.g., place the returned products on shipping pallets), and arrange f r the shipment to the manufacturer.

   Finally, the manufacturer must receive the returned product shipment, verify that the returns are proper,
15 repackage the returned products if appropriate, and conduct necessary bookkeeping to ensure that the retailer receives proper credit for the return. It is noted that the foregoing is not an exhaustive Hst of the costs and efforts associated with processing product returns by the retail stores, the regional return center warehouses, and the manufacturers.
20 The electronic registration system (ERS) described above may be utilized, for example, in connection with operations at the retailer regional return center warehouse 501 to reduce costs incurred by both the return center and the manufacturer.

   In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, significant cost savings can be realized by reducing or eliminating unnecessary
25 shipping costs by making a relatively early determination whether a product return wiU ultimately be accepted by the manufacturer or the like. If not, the returned product need not be handled further, thereby reducing costs.
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > Thus, ERS can be used to reduce costs and improve efficiency of returns between the retailer and manufacturer and also, as described in greater detail below, between the consumer and the retailer. As explained herein, the user interface as well as the operation of the ERS system is significantly different in the retail/manufacturer application as compared to the consumer/retailer appHcation, as a result of the particular needs in each of these return situations.

   It is noted that commonly owned and co-pending application Serial No. 09/065,552 identified above, includes, as one example, a method and apparatus for efficiently handling product return transactions between a retailer and a manufacturer. In order to provide a complete understanding of the preferred ERS system used in the present invention, a further description of this retailer/manufacturer returns system is described below.
In accordance with this feature of the ERS system, advance return authorization for shipment of returned products between the retailer and the manufacturer can be obtained for a plurality of products at one time to establish an approved product return batch. The approved batch may be properly labeled prior to return to the manufacturer.

   In this way, product returns may be easily and efficiently handled in batches rather than as individual units, thereby improving efficiency and reducing costs. Referring now to FIG. 8, an example implementation of this system includes a return side portion 521 and a manufacturer side portion 523 which are operable to communicate over, for example, an internet connection 525. Briefly, the return side portion 521 may include a personal computer 5210 that includes, for example, an Intel 486 processor or higher with at least 16 MB of RAM, a Microsoft Windows 95 or Windows NT operating system, and browser software such as Netscape Navigator 4.0 or higher. The personal computer 5210 may also include a modem for direct connection to an internet provider through a dedicated telephone connection 5212.

   Alternatively, an internet connection may be made by the personal computer 5210 over a corporate network. Also, it may be possible to utiHze a direct telephone link by modem between the return side portion 521 and the manufacturer side portion 523 or even a hardwired connection. 5 A bar code scanner 5214 is provided for scanning bar coded SKU and, possibly, serial numbers for returned products. Additionally, a printer 5216 is provided for printing transaction records and, if desired, printed versions of return authorizations from the manufacturer.

   As wiU be discussed below in greater detail, manually prepared return authorization forms may be used as an
10 alternative to printed return authorizations.
The manufacturer side portion 521 includes a computer system 5230 utilizing, for example, an IBM AS/400 computer and having an associated data storage unit 5234 for storing an electronic product registration database. The manufacturer side computer system 5230 is capable of communicating with the
15 return side portion 521 over an internet connection though telephone connection 5232.

   As noted previously, other communication techniques between the manufacturer side portion 523 and the return side portion 521 may also be utilized.
After the regional retailer return facility receives products for return to the
20 manufacturer, the return side portion 521 may access the manufacturer side portion 523 to screen the products for compHance with return requirements and to obtain pre-authorization of the returns. In particular, the return side computer 5210 connects to the manufacturer side computer 5230 by way of the internet or through other appropriate communication techniques. In the present example
25 embodiment, the manufacturer side computer maintains a world wide web page for access by the regional return center.

   Password protection may be provided to ensure only authorized retailers are able to access return pre-authorization features in accordance with the present invention. For example, each return
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > center location that is permitted access to the pre-authorization features may be assigned a location identification code and a password. In such a case, both the location identification code and the password would be required before access is granted to the product return screening program. FIG. 9 is a logic flow chart for the manufacturer side computer 5230 in screening returned products and processing pre-authorization requests from the regional return center. As indicated in the top portion of FIG. 9, the user first enters the appropriate location identification code and password.

   FIG. 10A illustrates a screen which may be displayed at the return side computer to prompt the user to enter the location identification and password. Once this information is received by the manufacturer side computer, the password is validated at function block 5302. If desired, appropriate appHcation maintenance procedures may be implemented upon validation of the password.
Upon verification of the location identification code and the password, the manufacturer side computer 5230 may cause a screen such as is iUustrated in FIG. 10B to be displayed at the return side computer 5210. As shown in FIG. 10B, existing batches saved in memory at the manufacturer side computer 5230 are listed. Existing batches are those for which return products have been scanned, but which have not yet been submitted for return authorization.

   Preferably, items can only be added or deleted from a batch up to the time that the batch is submitted for return authorization. In the present example implementation of the invention, once the batch is submitted for return authorization, it will no longer be displayed on the batch status screen, but can be viewed from the RA Status screen described below in connection with FIG. 10H.
It is possible to display a number of information items on the batch status screen in addition to the batch number. For example, the batch status screen shown in FIG. 10B displays the date and time the batch was opened, the total number of products that have been screened for return vaHdation, the number of accepted items, and the number of rejected items.

   Of course, additional information could be displayed if desired.
A number of options are offered to the return center operator on the batch 5 status screen iUustrated in FIG. 10B. In particular, the return center operator may open an existing batch, create a new batch, or submit a batch to the manufacturer for return authorization. To open an existing batch, the desired batch may be selected in a conventional fashion by using a mouse to highlight the batch number and then clicking on the "Open Batch" button. Similarly, a
10 highlighted batch may be submitted for return authorization by clicking the "Submit RA" button. A new batch can be created by clicking the "New Batch" button.
Preferably, a batch must be set up prior to screening returned products for retum authorization.

   Depending on user preference, the return center operator
15 may estabHsh a new batch for each paUet of returned products that is screened for return authorization, each bill of lading, or based on the date that the products are scanned. It is not necessary to limit the number of products that can be scanned for each batch.
Referring again to FIG. 9, when the return center operator either opens an
20 existing batch or creates a new batch, control passes to function block 5304. For a new batch, the manufacturer side computer 5230 creates a batch header which includes information identifying the assigned batch number, any customer reference numbers, the return center address, the name and telephone number of a customer contact person, and the status of the batch (e.g., product entry stage,
25 pending approval, approved, decHned, RA assigned, etc.).

   A new batch number wUl be assigned each time "New Batch" is selected. If an existing batch is opened, the header information is retrieved from memory associated with the manufacturer side computer 5230.
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > Once a batch is opened, the system is now ready to screen returned products. Depending on the type of product for which return authorization is sought, the return center operator selects either "Scan Hardware" or "Scan Accessories" by clicking the appropriate button (FIG. 10B). Referring now to FIG. IOC, to screen hardware product returns for compliance with return criteria, the return center operator is prompted to enter the Universal Product Code (UPC) number for the product, the product serial number, and a store reference code (if desired).

   This information may be entered by scanning bar codes on the product with wedge scanner 5214 (FIGURE 8), or alternatively by typing the information on the keyboard associated with return side computer 5210. Other appropriate techniques may be employed as weU. The user may then click the "Validate" button to instruct the manufacturer side computer 5230 to screen the product for return approval.
As shown in FIG. IOC, the Scan Hardware screen then displays the submitted information including the UPC code, the serial number, a description of the product, the date and time it was entered, and the store reference if any. Again, other items could be displayed if desired.
Although various techniques may be used for validating the screened products for compHance with return criteria, the system preferably uses data collected by an ERS as described above.

   In other words, while the above description of this retailer/manufacturer return system indicates that the manufacturer has a product registration database, this database may be based on information collected by the central database of multi- vendor ERS system as described above. Briefly, such an electronic registration system estabHshes a database which then may be accessed at the time of product return to determine the date of original sale and other information pertinent to determining whether return requirements are met. It is noted that, for a return to be properly accepted by a manufacturer, the product must not only be returned by the customer to the retaUer within the specified return period, but it also must be returned by the retaUer to the manufacturer within this specified period. Thus, this retaUer/manufac rarer feature of the ERS system is used to verify the latter.

   When the manufacturer side computer 5230 receives UPC and serial 5 number information for return validation, control passes to function block 5306 of FIG. 9. The manufacturer side computer 5230 then checks the electronic registration database to ensure that the identified product meets product return criteria, and posts the scanned information to a batch detail file. The batch detaU file preferably includes the UPC number, the serial number, an indication of
10 product quantity, and status (e.g., pending approval, approval good, error, or approval declined). The electronic registration database may then be edited to indicate that the product identified by the UPC code (function block 5308) and serial number (function block 5310) has been screened for return.

   Accordingly, the manufacturer side computer 5230 can keep track of products that have
15 already been screened to avoid multiple submissions of a single product for return.
There may be a number of reasons a product wiU not quaHfy for return credit or replacement. For example, the warranty period may have expired, the serial number might not have been registered, an invalid serial number may have
20 been received, the packaging may be missing, a major component of the product may be missing, or the item might be non-returnable as part of the conditions of sale.

   If the product does not quaHfy for return, the return center, such as the retaUer regional warehouse, can retain the rejected product rather than ship it to the manufacturer, thereby saving the cost of freight for shipping a product that
25 does not qualify for credit.
A note is displayed across the bottom of the screen of the Scan Hardware screen when a hardware unit does not quaHfy for return. The displayed message is preferably for the last item scanned. If the return center operator would like to
BNSDOCID- <WO 0249257A2 I > review the reason a previously scanned item did not quaHfy for return credit, the operator may select "Actions" from the screen menu to see a list of avaUable options. The operator may then select "Reasons" to see a description of the reason the unit was rejected. An example of a displayed reject reason is shown if FIG. 10D.

   Scanning may be resumed by pressing the <Esc> key on the return side computer keyboard to close the menu screen. The scanning process is repeated for each hardware item for which screening is sought.
Ideally, the return center operator stacks returnable items 1103 quaHfying for return on a shipping pallet 1101 or the like (see FIG. 11). Non-qualifying items should be stacked on a separate pallet. It will then be unnecessary for return center personnel to later sort through the products a second time to separate qualifying products from non-qualifying products.
The Scan Accessories display screen is illustrated in FIG. 10E. The return center operator is prompted to enter the quantity of the accessory that is to be scanned.

   For example, if return authorization is to be requested for three VHS cables, the operator will input "3" and then use the <TAB> button on the return side computer keyboard to advance the cursor to the UPC Number field. The UPC number may then be scanned or entered manually on the keyboard. If a Store Reference code is used it may be entered prior to cHcking the "Validate" button.
Once pre-screening is completed for the hardware and accessories, the return center operator may move back to the "Batch Status" screen. The batch may then be submitted for return authorization by cHcking the "Submit RA" button. Referring now to FIG. 10F, the return center operator is preferably prompted to enter the name and phone number of the person who should be contacted with information or questions concerning the return authorization request.

   If desired, a customer reference number (e.g., a. bill of lading number, fUe number, invoice number, etc.) may be entered for an internal reference to identify the return authorization. If the information on the screen is not fUled in or "Cancel" is selected, the batch wiU not be submitted for return authorization. However, the batch wUl continue to be visible from the "Batch Status" screen. Referring again to FIG. 9, control goes to function block 5312 upon 5 submission of a return authorization request. First, the return center operator is asked to verify the contact information. An example of an appropriate contact verification screen for display on the return side computer 5210 is shown in FIG. 10G. If the contact information is verified, the manufacturer side computer 5230 re-vahdates the good scans included in the submitted batch.

   Control then
10 proceeds to function block 5314. If the good scans fail re-validation, control proceeds to function block 5316, which flags the batch header with an error indication, and notifies the return center operator of the failure. Otherwise, control proceeds to function block 5318 for automated approval.
Function block 5320 checks to determine whether the automated approval
15 process was successful. If not, an e-mail message may be sent to a manufacturer's representative for the particular return center (function block 5322). The return authorization request may then be reviewed manually to determine whether the request should be approved (function block 5324). If the manual review shows that the request was properly rejected, the batch is flagged
20 with an indication that the request was rejected, and the return center is notified of the rejection (function block 5326).

   However, if the request is approved, control passes to function block 5328 to create a return authorization number and update the batch header to indicate the approved status. As indicated in FIG. 9, control may also pass to function block 5328 by way of function block 5320 if
25 the automated approval process is successful.
FIG. 10H iUustrates an example of an RA Status display screen which may be used to inform the return center operator of the status of a return authorization (RA) request. As shown, the RA Status screen Hsts the authorization status (e.g.,
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > pending, approved, rejected), the batch number, the customer reference number if any, the number of scans in the batch, the submission date, the approval date if appHcable, the RA number if applicable, and the expiration date by which the return must be completed.

   Once the RA has been submitted and approved, the system may also provide the dollar value of the product that is authorized for return. This doUar value may be based on the lower of (1) the gross invoice price paid by the Dealer for the product, less the value of aU allowances and incentives given to the Dealer, or (2) the vendor's net product pricing at the time of the return. In most cases, the dealer may deduct the monetary value of authorized returns from any existing or future vendor invoices. Additionally, the system can be configured to comply with a vendor's specific returns policy and guideHnes.
The RA number should be placed on the products prior to shipping to the manufacturer for credit.

   Referring now to FIG. 11 and 11 A, the RA number listed on the RA Status display screen may be written on an adhesive label 1105 supplied by the manufacturer along with the customer reference number (if applicable). Alternatively, the printer 5216 (FIGURE 8) may be used to print labels upon receipt of a return authorization number. Such labels are preferably placed on all four sides of the shipping pallet, the pallet is shrink wrapped and shipped to the manufacturer. The paUet should be shipped immediately to guard against expiration of product return dates. Of course, other shipping containers may be used as well.
The return authorization labels 1105 provide an easy reference to personnel at the manufacturer warehouse and permit simple and efficient processing of the returned.

   Because the returned products are received in a batch and have been pre-approved for return credit, less work is required in reviewing the returned products to verify compliance with return criteria. As a result, the resources required to process the shipment are reduced, and the manufacturer is able to more quickly credit the return center for the returned products.
As explained above, this exemplary retaUer/ rnanufacturer returns feature of the ERS system simpHfies and improves the returns process between a retaUer 5 and a manufacturer. The instant invention, however, is particularly advantageous when used at the consumer/retail level to prevent acceptance of unauthorized returns to retailers by consumers.

   This retaUer/consumer feature of the instant invention wiU now be described in greater detail below.
Referring now to FIGS. 12, 12 A, 12B and 13, in accordance with one
10 aspect of the present invention, a computer based system provides a method for real-time data storage and retrieval for the purpose of verifying and validating specific sales transaction data and product returns/ warranty repair eHgibifity at the point of sale (POS) or retail location at which the consumer brings the product for return.

   Sales transaction information provided by this system may
15 include SKU or UPC number, product serial number, date of purchase, place of purchase, register transaction number, payment information, return-to-vendor status, repair warranty status, authorized repair center location and phone number, estimated distance from consumer to repair location, repair prices, and any other suitable information as desired by the retaUer and/or vendor.
20 The sales and returns verification system iUustrated in FIGS. 12, 12A, 12B and 13, preferably makes use of and incorporates POS electronic registration technology at the point of sale register, where the product's SKU (stock keeping unit) or UPC (universal product code) is linked to the product's serial number, forming a unique identifier.

   Additional point of sale data (as determined by the
25 retaUer and/or vendor) can now be attached to this unique identifier and stored and/or transmitted and stored in a central database for future reference. Once the connection is made between the retaUer and the vendor or third party service
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > provider additional services, such as credit card authorization or check verification, can be provided to the retailer.
In operation, the POS register may capture the UPC or SKU and the product's serial number to establish a unique identifier. Depending on the requirements of the particular retailer and/or vendor, additional data may be Hnked to the unique identifier and then transmitted.

   As explained above, the unique identifier may be determined in accordance with a mask and associated decoding information defined, for example, by the third party service provider and manufacturer. If a transaction is paid by check or credit card, the check or credit card identification number may trigger the system to estabHsh a connection with the third party service provider for credit card authorization or check verification. Once the POS register transaction is closed, the system stores and/or transmits and stores the unique identifier (UPC or SKU and Serial Number) along with the point of sale data as determined by the retailer and/or vendor.
The third party service provider acts as a central registration computer system (see, e.g., Fig. 1) and facUitates the link with the retailer.

   Credit card authorization or check verification data may be processed directly or through an approved financial institution. The financial institution/third party service provider returns a credit card authorization or check approval number.
The unique identifier (e.g., SKU or UPC and the product's serial number) along with the date of purchase and any additional data linked to it is stored in a central database for future access. The central database preferably physically resides with the third party service provider. Alternatively, applicable portions of the central database can reside with the respective vendors as explained above.
When a consumer returns a product to the retailer, the store associate scans or otherwise enters the product's UPC or SKU, the product's serial number and, preferably, the customer's zip code.

   The system transmits this information to the third party service provider (or manufacturer) where certain data resides in a central database from the initial POS transaction and electronic registration as explained above. 5 The information is processed in accordance with the retaUer and manufacturer's returns policy terms and conditions (each retailer and manufacturer is preferably responsible for updating its own returns poHcy and product warranties via a remote log in password). The manufacturer's warranty repair poHcy is also taken into account, as well as repair localities, including the
10 repair center's address, phone number, approximate repair charges, etc. The system can also accommodate multiple (different) returns policies and repair warranties for the same manufacturer.

   This feature wUl help to satisfy contractual agreements for specific retaUer customers.
Additional POS information (form of payment, price, etc.) as determined
15 by the retailer and manufacturer may also be stored and Hnked to this product and/or sales transaction. In some instances, where the manufacturer has more stringent returns poHcies, the manufacturer may populate and store the product serial numbers at the time when products are shipped (sell-in) to the retaUer. When the product is sold by the retailer (sell-through) the serial number is
20 retransmitted and the records updated at the third party's database.

   This feature aUows the manufacturer to track specific products with unique warranties and or returns privUeges.
Once the information is processed, it is transmitted back to the retaUer (along with a transaction record number R.A.) and presented in the form of an
25 on-screen menu option(s) with predetermined (canned) text message(s). The retailer associate and/or the customer select the most appropriate option (repair, return/refund or return/exchange, etc.). If the customer selects the return/exchange option, the system prompts the store associate to scan the
BNSDOCID. <WO 0249257A2 I > replacement product's serial number.

   A hard copy, in the form of a receipt or an expanded version, detaihng the transaction (repair information, etc.) may be printed for the customer as well as for the retaUer's material move records.
The transaction may then be closed and the final information (customer selection) is retransmitted, Hnked to the product record and stored for future use by the manufacturer, retailer, and or third party service provider. The system updates the original records according to which option the consumer exercised. If the repair option was selected the system voids the R. A. transaction number. In case of a return/exchange transaction the system updates the record with the replacement product serial number.

   It is note that with most manufacturers, the replacement product's warranty expiration date coincides with the original warranty expiration date.
Referring to Figure 12, a third party service provider 1001 operates a central registration computer system for the benefit of a number of retailers 1003 and vendors 1005. The use of an independent service provider 1001 may be beneficial in encouraging retailers and vendors to utilize the transaction registration services. In addition to the retaUers 1003 and vendors 1005, a number of other users 1007 may access the third party service provider system through, for example, a modem or internet connection, by way of a toll free 800 telephone number, or other appropriate means.

   These other users 1007 may include, for example, law enforcement agencies, loss prevention and insurance groups, third party reverse logistics providers, third party warranty providers, third party groups that provide seU through reporting, authorized service centers and others. In other words, the information stored by third party service provider can be used for other applications in addition to the validation of returns.
Law enforcement agencies may, for example, access the central database to locate information regarding recovered stolen property. Thus, the rightful owner of a recovered property may be readily located. AdditionaUy, locating the rightful owner may provide law enforcement agencies with leads to assist criminal investigations by, for example, helping determine the location from which stolen goods originated.

   SimUarly, insurance carriers and loss prevention groups may be given access to the database to verify sales information and help 5 guard against fraudulent claims. In addition, the ERS information can be used by the manufacturers themselves (or through a third party) to identify suspicious activity that may indicate that products were sold at a store that was not authorized to seU the products, or that counterfeit products have been sold. As explained above, this can be done by checking the serial numbers and the sale
10 locations with the company records that indicate were the product were supposed to have been sold based on sales contracts. In this way, improper transshipments between retaUers or the like can be identified.

   In addition, registration of the same serial numbers for multiple products can be detected to indicate that counterfeit or otherwise improper products have been sold, as weU as indicating
15 the location where such products have been sold. In other words, by coUecting the sale location information in addition to the unique serial number and transaction date, the ERS system can be used to identify and prevent counterfeit and unauthorized sales.
Customer information such as name, area code, e-mail address, phone
20 number and the like is typicaUy not gathered at point of sale. Accordingly, a vendor may include a registration card with the product which may be filled in by the customer and forwarded to the vendor or the third party service provider, or the information may be coUected at the point of sale.

   The information from the product registration card may then be appended to the transaction record to
25 provide corresponding customer information. Of course, in Heu of a maU-in product registration card, it is also possible to permit on-Hne registration, telephone registration, or other avaUable forms of registration. Of course, any such form of registration should require a sufficient indication of information
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > that can be used to verify that the transaction is being registered to a rightful purchaser.
FIGURE 15 schematicaUy Ulustrates a process that may be used for online consumer post-sale registration.

   To ensure that the post-sale registration is being made by a proper customer, the process goes through an initial validation stage to verify information that would be known to a proper customer and which is already available to the central registration system by virtue of the previous POS registration. For example, the consumer may be prompted to enter the brand name of the product (step 1501), the store at which the product was purchased (step 1502), the purchase date (step 1503), the product serial number (step 1504), and the product description (step 1505). Correct responses to these inquiries permit the user to proceed to the second stage of the post-sale registration wherein the consumers name, address, phone number, e-mail address and other suitable information is obtained and stored with a link to the product information.

   Of course, adequate steps should be taken to ensure consumer privacy.
Once the consumer information is in the database, the information may be used in accordance with the instant invention to enable product related information, such as recall information, to the purchasers or registered products. Thus, in accordance with the invention, the ERS system can be used to convey product recaU information and/or other product related information to purchasers of products that have been registered by the ERS system. The instant invention enables an electronic registration system to be used to advise customers of product recalls, safety recalls, performance enhancement tips/service, periodic maintenance, up-selling and/or accessory information, as well as any other information that someone may be interested in conveying to purchasers of particular products.

   As shown in HG. 12, at the point of sale (POS), the retaUer may transmit appHcable information to the third party service provider 1001 to be included in a multi- vendor database 1009. If desired, the central registration computer system may include a database 1011 for use in verifying credit card or check 5 transactions. If this capabUity is used, the third party service provider may return a credit card or check approval number at the time of the sale. AdditionaUy, a database 1013 may be provided for information pertaining to the return poHcies of particular retaUers and vendors.
The system permits customer service requests (CSR) upon receipt of
10 applicable information such as a UPC number, serial number, or customer zip code.

   In response to a CSR, the third party service provider wUl return pertinent information such as the purchase date, return status in view of the appHcable return poHcies, a return authorization number if appropriate, warranty/repair information such as a Hst of authorized repair centers, or other information. For
15 example, user tips may be downloaded to assist a customer in diagnosing a problem, properly connecting electronic equipment, etc. Such information may be included in a local retailer database, a third party service provider database, or a manufacturer database. The third party service provider and manufacturer databases are preferably avaUable seven days a week, and 24 hours a day.
20 FIGURE 12A further Ulustrates a preferred operation of the system
Ulustrated in FIGURE 12 during electronic product registration.

   FIGURE 12B further Ulustrates a preferred operation of the system iUustrated in FIGURE 12 during a product return transaction.
Turning now to FIG. 13, the third party service provider system may
25 include retaUer and manufacturer vaHdation tables containing specific return poHcy information. Maintenance of these vaHdation tables is preferably the responsibiHty of the individual retaUer, manufacturer or other party. In other words, the retailers and manufacturers are provided with access to these
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I > validation tables so that they may provide and update the appHcable return criterias for their products.
In addition, a retaUer may access records in separate manufacturer databases at the third party service provider to obtain selected predefined or ad hoc management reporting.

   For example, a retailer may monitor returns accepted by an individual clerk to dete[pi]nine whether the clerk has an unusually high (and possibly fraudulent) return rate. Of course, the third party service provider should maintain security measures to ensure that the retaUer can access only records to which it is entitled access. For example, a retailer would be prevented from running reports on sales by a competitor.
SimUarly, the manufacturer may run predefined or ad hoc reports to monitor sales activities. Such reports may be useful, for example, in determining which products are selling weU and, therefore, whether production or shipping of these products should be increased. Again, a manufacturer would not be given access to competitors sales information.
FIGURE 14 is an application overview of the components and functions of the central registration computer system.

   As shown, the central registration computer system may perform a number of system functions. These system functions include application services, database services, electronic data interchange (EDI), batch services, VRU services, collaboration services,
RMI/HOP services, e-mail services, directory services, encryption services, VPN service, load balancing services, systems management services, reporting tools, site analysis services, and HTTP services.
Application services allow the handHng of server-side processing on a world wide web server. This is important to meter traffic to the databases. It also aUows for fail over if appHcations are not avaUable. It also allows for session tracking and extra security. Database services handle the storage and retrieval of the central registration computer system data.

   This can be important for the speed and integrity of data storage and access. It also can aUow the synchronization of data across multiple databases and data-centers. EDI is an appHcation that aUows the mapping and conversion of data from the central registration computer system database and converts it to the industry standard 5 Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) documents. It also processes EDI documents and will place the results in the database. EDI handles the communications of data to and from value-added-network electronic maU boxes. Batch services support the set of processes that aUow the scheduling and logging of jobs that may be run as part of the system.

   This includes scheduling transfers of data,
10 cleanup processes, database conversions, content updates, alert triggers, audit processes, etc.
VRU services is the set of telephony services that allow the system to implement applications on the database. This can support appHcations that allow retaUers at the point of return to check returns verification status and warranty
15 information. CoUaboration services allow accounts and central system persomiel to communicate real-time and provides for on-line customer service to help decrease costs, decrease time to handle service requirements, and increase the level of customer satisfaction. RMI service allows for remote execution of transactions between central system appHcations and its accounts, and can be
20 one of the ways to process data exchange, and execute electronic registration or returns verification transactions.

   E-mail services can facUitate the processing of e-maU between the central system and the accounts (vendors, retaUers, service centers). It can include hosting of e-maU services for those accounts who do not have their own Internet Service Provider (ISP) and can also handle consumer
25 accounts (if needed).
Directory services are the systems services that aUow a standard technique for storing, using, and accessing user-centric information. This database can drive the user data for the central system web, e-maU, and CoUaboration services,
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > and can also serve as the basis of central system security. Encryption services allow the central system to encrypt (secure) data that is transferred over the Internet. This could be important for securing non-private network datafiles.

   This service also includes management/pubHshing/serving of the public key associated with the central system. VPN services aUow the central system and it's retailer accounts to estabHsh a private communications channel on the Internet, and may be implemented at the hardware or software level. It can be very important to maintain security on the Internet, yet allow transactions to perform up to requirements. Load balancing services route transaction traffic to appropriate services, systems, and sites (datacenter) depending on system availabiHty, performance, and location of the request. This can be important because it allows a transaction to continue if a site or host is down, and ensures that the system is always available.
Systems management services monitor the availabUity, security, and performance of the central system applications.

   It also can allow the central system to escalate problems if they are not resolved in a timely manner, and can allow the central system to manage the network and host functions in addition to the data center. Reporting tools aUow authorized central system accounts and central system personnel to easily access the database. This will allow ad hoc analysis of data for an account and wiU aUow straightforward deployment of new reports. Site analysis tools aUow the central system to analyze its world wide web traffic. This includes the overall amount of traffic to the site or to specific sections of site. It can allow the central system to see where the traffic is coming from and what type of browser is being used. It can also aUow the consolidation of log reporting across several hosts. HTTP services is what is typically referred to as a web server.

   These are the services that aUow the central system to handle Internet browser access. It can serve and secure static content and hand off dynamic content requests. It also can aUow for intuitive Hnks to FTP services. The central registration computer system also includes a number of semiprivate support components such as data exchange, a communications menu system, alerts, reporting services, and project tracking and user help. AdditionaUy, a number of semi-private core components are provided, including 5 account maintenance, product maintenance, warranty maintenance, electronic registration, serial number rnaintenance, returns verification, returns prescreening, warranty inquiry and consumer registration.

   Although these items require authorized access, they may be shared by a number of individual users and are therefore semi-private.
10 The Account Maintenance core component allows the central system to setup an account for either a retailer or vendor. Account setup covers such areas as contact, relationship and equity, account type, user information and authorities.

   This preferably includes account profile maintenance to maintain account information for each customer; contact/user maintenance to setup and
15 maintain contacts/users for each account (user default and specific authorities may be assigned here); authority group maintenance to maintain various authority lists which are assigned to various groups or account types; account contract/relationship maintenance to track contracts, equity, correspondence for each account; and retailer location maintenance which aUows for the
20 maintenance of each retaU store location. The product maintenance component aUows the retaUer, vendor, and the central system to maintain and distribute product information. Retailer/Vendor UPC maintenance aUows maintenance of product information at the UPC level.

   Kit maintenance cross references to store pre-loaded serial numbers that go together in each "kit" shipped. Product type
25 maintenance aUows a vendor to define groupings of their products (e.g., TV, VCR).
The warranty maintenance component aUows the vendor to set up return and repair warranty information for each of its products. PoHcies can be set up
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > at the product or product type levels. Warranty maintenance sets up and maintains return and repair warranties. Reason code maintenance maintains codes by product type to indicate the reason a product is returned. The electronic registration component aUows the central system to collect product registration data from the retailer. This may include several interfaces to collect this data- EDI to support legacy implementation, and a real-time interface to support ongoing implementations.

   Registration transmission is a request from a retailer to the central system to register a product as sold. A registration transmission processor is a processing program at the central system that contains aU the edits necessary to process the incoming registration transmission and send back the confirmation transmission when appropriate. An internal registration audit may provide an on-line interface which will displays transmission errors that need to be reviewed and fixed before registration is accepted. A registration confirmation may be transmitted from the central system back to retailer to confirm that the registration was received.

   A pre-seU product registration may be used to register a product that is sold through catalog sales, or to indicate product as sold to a particular retailer for establishing special return policies.
The serial number maintenance component can be used to maintain and view serial number registration information (returns and warranty expiration dates). It can also be used to maintain exceptional situations such as an indication that the serial number was stolen. On-line serial number maintenance may be used to allow an account to view and/or update (depending on authorization) specific information about a registered serial number. Stolen serial number maintenance aUows an account to update a specific serial number as stolen. Serial number manual registration allows for registration (pre-sell and POS) of a range of serial numbers without scanning or other electronic interface.

   Serial number history aUows for the inquiry of aU activity against a specific serial number. The returns verification component provides the retaUer or return center with the abiHty to verify that a product is eHgible for return. A confirmation wiU be transmitted back which contains a return authorization code or message, return-by date, and repair warranty information if requested. A 5 return verification request may go from a retailer or return center to the central system. A return verification processor may be used to edit and process the data sent in and to send confirmation data back. A return eHgibiH ty confirmation can be transmitted from the central system back to the retailer to verify the product is eligible for return.
10 The returns prescreen component permits verification of whether or not a product is returnable to the vendor just prior to shipping.

   This system may be required to ensure that the product being sent back to the vendor will qualify for credit when it reaches the vendor. This is particularly important for those retaUers who use returns centers to consoHdate returns. The warranty inquiry
15 component aUows an authorized service center to access information regarding a product's repair warranty. Access to this information is preferably through a web interface or through the VRU. A product warranty inquiry allows access to a product's repair warranty information. The consumer post-sale registration component gives consumers the abiHty to register a product against the central
20 . system account. This will aUow consumers to have a record at the central system of the serialized products they have purchased. Also it wiU aUow law enforcement agents a means to contact the purchasing consumer for stolen products.

   This component includes consumer account setup, consumer serial number registration, law agent access, and provision of a consumer web site.
25 With regard to the semi-private support components, the data exchange component allows for the exchange of data between the central system and the accounts (vendors or retailers). Data exchange key maintenance maintains multiple user id/password combinations to support different ways of
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > communicating with the account. For each account, data exchange subscription maintenance maintains which types of data wiU be sent to their systems using the data exchange mechanism. Startup services are the processes used to support the initial loading of the account's data into the central system database. Vendor/RetaUer data exchange are the processes that set up and control the exchange of data with accounts.

   Product maintenance push will aUow the movement of the product fUe information to the retailer with little development on the retailer's part. This wUl include only information needed to drive POS terminals for each retailer. The data exchange file generator are the programs that generate the different types of files that contain the different types of data. The Internet menu system component is what an individual user (central system employees, accounts, and consumers) will see when they log onto the system. It will be used by the central system personnel (intranet) and the vendors, retailers, and service centers (extranet) that have access to the central system. Account application maintenance defines which applications will appear on each account's "menu", based on user access rights.

   Application bUling structure maintenance defines the pricing structure associated with a particular appHcation/account combination.
The alerts messaging component provides a facility to send alert messages generated from various processes throughout the system. Alert maintenance is a process to set up the type of alerts an account would like to receive. An alert processor may be provided to process and send the alerts. The reporting component provides the account with various standard reports for tracking electronic registrations and return verification data. For example, an electronic registration summary report can be provided to summarize all registration information. An abuse audit report can be used to identify patterns of abuse based on warranty setup. A returns reconciHation report can show the history of registrations including any return request activity.

   A returns to registration audit report can show percentage of returns compared with registrations. A returns verification request summary report can show total return verification requests by return code. The project tracking/helpdesk component provides information exchange between the account and the central system regarding new account 5 setup, bug fixes, and other pertinent information. Information exchange/project tracking can provide an ability to track projects and problems, and to exchange other information with the account. Time tracking can provide the abiHty to track time against projects such as custom reports and other enhancements specific to an account. A help desk faciHty could incorporate the problem
10 tracking portion of the information exchange.
Private support components include audit maintenance, biUing system interface, and purge setup/processing.

   The audit maintenance component can provide various audits on activity against the central system database. These audits can be used internally by the central system for tracking an accounts
15 usage of the system. An audit activity log can track specific types of activity against the serial number database. The billing system interface component provides processes for approving the biUing of accounts for the central system services. The actual invoicing and fund collection may be provided by a standard accounts receivable software package. Billing structure maintenance
20 may provide information on how each account wUl be bUled. Billing approval can provide an interface for approval of the billing before actual invoicing.

   Finally, the purge setup/processing component includes the processes and supporting information that wiU aUow the central system to purge appropriate data from the system. Purge processing may summarize transactional data, save
25 to other media (tape, CD, optical), and purge data based on time defaults set at the account level.
Turning now to FIGURES 16A through 16G, a user at a retaU store may access the central registration computer system to make a customer service
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 Irequest. Upon access, a main menu is displayed which provides the user with options to request return/warranty information, operating/hook-up instructions, vendor/product information, or other information.

   Figures 16A through 16B iUustrate a series of interactive customer interface screens that may be displayed upon selection of return warranty information.
As illustrated in FIGURE 16B, the user may, for example, be prompted to input the product UPC number, the product serial number and the customer's zip code. This information is then transmitted to the third party host system of the centralized database to be used in accessing the pertinent database record. The user may also be requested to input a reason for the return/warranty inquiry. FIGURE 16C shows information that may be returned to the retaUer by the third party host system. In particular, the host system may return additional details concerning the original transaction as well as a list of customer options.

   The list of customer options may be determined by the host system in light of the appHcable retaUer and/or manufacturer warranty information included within the validation tables 1013 (see FIGURE 13).
Turning now to FIGURES 16D through 16G, the retailer selects the option chosen by the customer by clicking on the appropriate choice. The host system then returns pertinent information relevant to the selected option. For example, if free warranty repair is selected, a Hst of local authorized repair shops may be Hsted. This Hst may be printed and provided to the customer by the retailer store. If the customer selects a product exchange, the retaUer may be prompted to enter the serial number of the replacement product so that the cen tral registration database may be updated accordingly.

   Similarly, the host system wUl update the registration database to reflect a return for in-store credit or refund.
Customer problems with products often are not the result of defects in the product, but rather may simply be the result of a lack of knowledge by the customer on the proper operation or hook-up of the product. Accordingly, the retaUer may request information from the host system to assist the customer in the proper operation or hookup of the product. Such information is preferably stored in an appropriate host system database. For example, a manufacturer may download instructions into the database for this purpose. The manufacturer 5 ideally bears the responsibUity of ensuring the information is kept current.

   As an alternative, the host system may access a manufacturer database to obtain this information when requested.
Figures 17A through 17H iUustrate interactive user interface display screens that may be utiHzed when a customer chooses to obtain
10 operating/hookup instructions. As shown in FIGURE 17B, the user is prompted to enter the UPC number or the vendor name and model number. If the vendor name/ model number option is used, the host system may be programmed to recognize the vendor name based upon the first few characters. For example, once a user enters "NINT", the system may recognize the vendor as
15 NINTENDO, as iUustrated in FIGURE 17C.

   Once the vendor name is recognized or completely input, a pull down menu of possible model numbers may be provided for user selection, as shown in FIGURE 17D.
Referring to FIGURE 17E, the user is then prompted to select information on either the operation or proper hook-up of the product. In this example, the
20 user selects hook-up information. The host system then displays appropriate hook-up information (FIGURE 17F), which may be printed for the customer. Similarly, FIGURES 17G and 17H iUustrate the interactive screen displays if operation instructions are requested. As shown in FIGURE 17G, the user may be prompted to enter additional information concerning the particular operation
25 of interest, for example, how to set the clock, how to record, how to edit, etc.

   Again, the appropriate information concerning the customer inquiry then may be displayed and printed.
FIGURES 18A through 18F show interactive screens that may be
BNSDOCID: <WO 0249257A2 I > displayed when the user selects vendor/product information. The user would again be prompted to enter sufficient information for the host system to determine which records to access, as described above in connection with FIGURES 17B through 17D. Pertinent information concerning the vendor (FIGURE 18B) or the product (FIGURE 1 8C) may then be displayed. This vendor information may be useful to the retaUer, for example, to contact the manufacturer with questions or to provide the customer with a manufacturer customer service phone number.

   The product information may be used, for example, to verify what components were sold with the products so that the retailer can verify the return of all major components. If desired, the retailer may also return to the main menu to obtain further information concerning proper hook-up or operation of the product, as Ulustrated in FIGURES 18D through 18F.
The implementations described above illustrate the characteristics, features and advantages of the present invention.

   These implementations, of course, are not exhaustive, and other implementations within the scope and spirit of the present invention will be apparent to those skUled in the art.
It is also noted that a voice recognition system (VRU) or toU-free number system, such as an 800 number, may be provided for enabling the retailers, manufacturers and/or purchasers to access the information in the ERS system and/or to obtain product related information, as described above.
The implementations described above iUustrate the characteristics, features and advantages of the present invention. These implementations, of course, are not exhaustive, and other implementations within the scope and spirit of the present invention wiU be apparent to those skiUed in the art.

   Although the ERS system is described primarily in the context of a two-level retaUer/manufacturer arrangement, other arrangements are avaUable. For example, a three-level individual chain store/store headquarters/manufacturer arrangement may be implemented. Yet further levels may be added.
While the a preferred complete ER system has been described above, thee instant invention can be implemented using any suitable ER system that provides 5 the necessary information to track sales locations, identify counterfeit goods and provide post-sale information to purchasers.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be Hmited to the disclosed 10 embodiments, but on the contrary,

   is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
BNSDOCID <WO 0249257A2 I >

Claims

18 the customer (e.g., via e-mail) or to enable the customer to passively access the information (e.g., via web or 800 number). The following is a list of exemplary steps performed in accordance with a preferred implementation of this embodiment of the invention: 1) populate database from retailer (ER data and phone number or email); 2) attach product warranty/returns policy (link variable warranty/prorated based on time and/or mileage or hours of use.); 3) vendor posts product bulletins, notifications, etc.; 4) retailer posts periodic maintenance schedule; 5) Retailer and/or vendor posts product accessories or linked/associated products; 6) ER system broadcasts (pushes) information/notifications to consumers who own the product that the information relates to; 7) record is updated to document when and how a consumer was notified (email and/or phone); 8) any maintenance, svc/retailer updates product record and notes deficiencies that were not complete because of consumer; 9) consumer can access info via the web and/or 800# (certain information may only be viewed by vendor and retailer); 10) Insurance companies (state/federal) can gain access to records for a fee - with vendor's permission. An exemplary prorating graph that could be used in connection with the instant invention is shown below: 19 $$ Some value always 10k 20k remains to ensure 30k 40k repurchase of same brand or from same retailer Time/miles/copies In one embodiment, a coupon can be emailed or 800 notified after prorating reaches minimum value (e.g., by retailer or vendor), using the ER system. The post-sale information system of the instant invention has many benefits for all parties involved. Some of the main benefits are summarized below by party: Retailer Benefits

1. Good corporate citizen 2. Repeat sales (residual value of old product)

3. Recycle old product for (2) residual value

4. Sell associated accessories.

Vendor Benefits

1. Good corporate citizen

2. Sell more product (repeat)

3. Recycle

4. Sell accessories direct (or through retailers) 5. Government compliance and legal

Consumer

1. Electronic receipt/record 2. Maintenance reminder

3. Residual value 20 4. Product awareness on recalls, etc.

Exemplary ER System

An example of one type of electronic product registration (ERS) system that is preferably used in connection with the instant invention is illustrated in FIG. IE. Briefly, this example system includes a point of sale register 2 and an associated bar code scanner 4. The register 2 is preferably connected with a local computer system 6 in any suitable manner. For example, the register 2 may be "hard-wired" to the local computer system 6. Alternatively, the register 2 and the local computer system 6 may communicate, for example, through modems and telephone lines, or over radio communication channels. Any suitable communication channel may be used. In certain situations (e.g., single store retailers), it may be advantageous to have the local computer system 6 located in proximity to the register 2. For large chain stores, however, it may be advantageous to situate the local retailer computer 6 at a central location with links to the registers 2 at individual stores. The particular arrangement will depend on the preferences and circumstances of the specific retailer and may vary in accordance therewith.

The local retailer computer system includes an associated local database 8 for storing registration information. Additionally, a local printer 10 and an operator terminal 11 may be provided. The operator terminal may be used, for example, by a store clerk upon return of merchandise to locate pertinent sales information in the local database 8. The printer 10 may be used to produce hard copies of, for example, end-of-day sales reports and/or the like.

In the exemplary embodiment, a communication channel 12 is provided between the retailer computer system 6 and a central computer system 14. The central registration computer system may, for example, be an independent