WO2002077159A2 - End group activated polymers with oligonucleotide ligands - Google Patents
End group activated polymers with oligonucleotide ligands Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002077159A2 WO2002077159A2 PCT/US2002/003341 US0203341W WO02077159A2 WO 2002077159 A2 WO2002077159 A2 WO 2002077159A2 US 0203341 W US0203341 W US 0203341W WO 02077159 A2 WO02077159 A2 WO 02077159A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- copolymer
- biomolecules
- oligonucleotides
- oligonucleotide
- biomolecule
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
- C12N11/02—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier
- C12N11/06—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier attached to the carrier via a bridging agent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to methods for modifying material surfaces to control cell response and for cell culture and analysis. More specifically, the present invention relates to methods for immobilizing a number of biomolecules in a defined ratio on a substrate for use in cell culture, medical devices and cell analysis.
- transmembrane proteins proteins that span the membrane of the cell.
- the portion of the transmembrane protein which is outside of the cell encounters specific molecules in the surrounding environment, the transmembrane protein undergoes structural and conformational changes which trigger biological reactions inside the cell.
- An ECM is a complex and variable array of molecules secreted by cells, such as collagens, glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins. Together these cellular products form the basal lamina, bone, and cartilage which give tissues and organs their shape and strength. In fact, contact between anchorage-dependent cells and the ECM in many instances plays a dramatic role in determining the cells' shape, position, metabolism, differentiation and growth.
- B-cell contact is also important in other biological functions, such as the activation of an immune response.
- the immune system is a complex network of cells that have the ability to recognize and rid the body of foreign substances, such as viruses, bacteria and parasites.
- One mechanism used by the immune system to rid itself of foreign substances is a humoral response.
- a humoral response involves activation of specific cells called B cell lymphocytes.
- B-cells are activated when transmembrane proteins on their surface bind to foreign substances called antigens. Specifically, binding of B-cells to antigens stimulates B cells to proliferate and differentiate into immunoglobulin or antibody producing plasma cells.
- the antibodies produced by plasma cells travel throughout the body binding to the pathogen or foreign substance.
- Tissue or cell cultures comprise cells from a plant or animal which are grown outside the organism from which they originate. These cells are often grown, for example, in petri dishes under specific environmental conditions. Cell cultures are of great importance because they represent biological "factories” capable of producing large quantities of biological products such as growth factors, antibodies, and viruses. These products can then be isolated from the cell cultures and used for therapeutic potposes, for additional research, or for other uses.
- cells grown in culture are either anchored to an ECM or another cell.
- ECM epidermal growth factor
- cells of the circulatory system e.g., lymphocytes and red blood cells
- Many anchorage-dependent cells can grow on glass or plastic surfaces, such as polystyrene.
- These cells however, often lose their natural architecture and do not function normally.
- Cultured cells frequently lose the ability to differentiate and to respond to hormones. Accordingly, cells in culture do not precisely mimic a cell's biological functions in vivo and thus have limited potential. For this reason, glass and plastic cell culture dishes are often coated with an ECM protein such as collagen, fibronectin, laminin and the like.
- proteins bind to surfaces such as polystyrene through a process known as adsorption.
- ECM coated cell culture surfaces have led to improved culture conditions, they are far from ideal.
- biomolecules, such as proteins often become inactivated upon adsorption to hydrophobic surfaces.
- the biological activity of proteins is conferred by their unique structure and their ability to undergo conformational changes upon binding to a substrate or other physiological event.
- the structure of proteins was measured using a technique called microcalorimetry. Microcalorimetric studies demonstrated that proteins which are bound to hydrophobic surfaces loose essentially all their cooperatively folded structure compared to the same protein in solution.
- cells in culture release molecules such as serum proteins and growth factors into the culture media.
- molecules such as serum proteins and growth factors into the culture media.
- secretion and concentration of these molecules in the culture media are needed for the proper biological function of neighboring cells.
- the careful balance and concentration of secreted molecules are disrupted because secreted molecules are adsorbed by the cell culture surface.
- the communication and biological function of cells grown under current cell culture techniques does not mimic in vivo environment.
- ECM ECM envelope-associated fatty acid
- surface concentration of ECM components is a factor in the regulation of cell behavior.
- the ability to control and vary surface biomolecule concentration depends on the method of immobilization and in some cases the physical nature of the base material. Simple ECM adsorption to cell culture substrates does not meet these requirements.
- biomolecules such as proteins, hormones, and the like are required for the normal growth and development of cells. In vivo these molecules are present in specific concentrations and ratios. If the ratio of the biomolecules is altered, the growth, metabolism, and function of the cell may be altered. The ability to coimmobilize two or more biomolecules in defined ratios on a single substrate would be useful to better mimic the in vivo environment.
- biomolecule coated surface could be used to adhere prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, viruses, and molecules for the purpose of biological assay. It would be yet a further advancement in the art if the biomolecule coated material could be used to direct cell behavior.
- the method and apparatus of the present invention has been developed in response to the present state of the art, and in particular, in response to the problems and needs in the art that have not yet been fully solved by currently available methods and systems for attaching cells and biomolecules to surfaces.
- the present invention presents a method and system whereby biomolecules can be conjugated to a surface in a defined ratio. This may be useful for cell culture and analysis, for controlling cell responses to medical devices, and for controlling cell behavior in tissue engineering applications.
- the present invention relates to methods for coimmobilizing a number, N, of types of biomolecules in a defined ratio on a substrate.
- the substrate can be for example polymer particles, magnetic particles, petri dishes, multiwell plates, tea flasks, roller bottles, array chips, sample collection containers, assay tubes, fibers, membranes, scaffolds, medical devices and the like.
- the substrate can be contacted with a copolymer that has at least one hydrophobic segment combined with one or more hydrophilic segments that offer pendant groups for modification and attachment of proteins.
- PEO- and PPO -containing triblock or diblock copolymers are presently preferred, but many other compolyers may be used in accordance with the present invention. A variety of different PEO- and PPO-containing copolymers may be used with the present method.
- copolymers of polybutadiene and PEO, polyimide and PEO, polymethyl- methacrylate and PEO, polystyrene and PEO, polybutylene oxide and PEO, Poly-L-lysine and PEO, polydimethysiloxane and PEO, poly-(t-butyl methacrylate) and PEO, and hydrocarbon blocks with PEO may be used.
- One currently preferred copolymer that may be used is Pluronic® F108 available from BASF Corporation.
- the copolymer has an activated end group.
- the activated end group may be selected from a large number of groups, which allow an oligonucleotide to be conjugated to a polymer.
- the activated end group may have a 2-pyridyl disulfide group.
- the activated end group can be conjugated with N types of oligonucletides to form copolymer-bound oligonucleotides.
- Each type of copolymer-bound oligonucleotide corresponds to one of the N types of biomolecules. In other words, N types of copolymer bound oligonucleotides are mixed in a predetermined ratio in order to achieve the defined ratio.
- the biomolecules can be conjugated to complementary oligonucleotides to form biomolecule-bound oligonucleotides.
- Each type of biomolecule can be conjugated to an oligonucleotide that is complementary to the corresponding copolymer-bound oligonucleotide.
- the biomolecule-bound oligonucleotides can be hybridized to the copolymer bound oligonucleotides. Such hybridization creates a substrate with a defined ratio of coimmobilized biomolecules.
- the steps of conjugating the end groups of the copolymers with the oligonucleotides, contacting the substrate with the oligonucleotide modified copolymers, and conjugating the complementary oligonucleotides with the biomolecules can be performed in any order.
- biomolecules may be coimmobilized on the substrate with the disclosed method.
- biomolecules may include but are not limited to proteins, glycoproteins, peptides, growth factors, cytokines, attachment factors, extracellular matrix factors, antibodies, antibody fragments, differentiating factors, lectins, polysaccharides, receptors, receptor fragments, transmembrane proteins, fragments of transmembrane proteins and the like.
- the method of the present invention may have alternative embodiments, which allow the performance of the steps of the method in any order.
- the method includes the steps of conjugating N types of first oligonucleotides to the copolymers; mixing N types of oligonucleotide modified copolymers in solution in a defined ratio; contacting a substrate with the oligonucleotide modified copolymer solution; conjugating N types of biomolecules to second oligonucleotides; and hybridizing the second oligonucleotides to the first oligonucleotides.
- the copolymer has an activated end group.
- the activated end group may contain a 2-pryidyl disulfide group or other group, which allows the copolymer to be conjugated to a first oligonucleotide.
- the substrate is contacted with the copolymer for sufficient time for the copolymer to be adsorbed to the surface of the substrate.
- the second oligonucleotide is generally complementary to the first oligonucleotide, such that the second oligonucleotide can be hybridized to the first oligonucleotide.
- the surface may also be prepared to include a number, N, of types of biomolecules in a defined ratio. This may be accomplished by conjugating the biomolecules to oligonucleotides that are hybridized to complementary oligonucleotides conjugated to PEO- and PPO-containing triblock or diblock copolymers.
- the biomolecules may be, for example, proteins, glycoprotems, peptides, growth factors, cytokines, attachment factors, extracellular matrix factors, antibodies, antibody fragments, differentiating factors, lectins, polysaccharides, receptors, receptor fragments, transmembrane proteins, fragments of transmembrane proteins and the like.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the synthesis of a 2-pyridyl disulf ⁇ de derivative of Pluronic® F108 (EGAP).
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the synthesis of representative copolymer- bound oligonucleotide that may be used with the method of the present invention.
- Figures 3 A and 3B are schematic representations of the steps used to coimmobilize, in predetermined amounts, two different proteins using two different copolymer bound oligonucleotides and unmodified copolymer.
- the present invention relates to methods for coimmobilizing a number, N, of types of biomolecules in a defined ratio on a substrate.
- the substrate can be for example polymer particles, magnetic particles, petri dishes, multiwell plates, tea flasks, roller bottles, array chips, sample collection tubes, assay tubes, fibers, membranes, scaffolds, medical devices, medical implants, and the like.
- the substrate can be contacted with a copolymer that has at least one hydrophobic segment combined with one or more hydrophilic segments that offer pendant groups for modification and attachment of proteins.
- the copolymers are used as tethering moieties to link biomolecules the surface of the substrate.
- PEO- and PPO-containing triblock or diblock copolymers are presently preferred.
- One such copolymer that can be used with the method of the invention is Pluronic® F108, a triblock copolymer having the structure (polyethylene oxide) ⁇ 2 - (polypropylene oxides-polyethylene oxide) j 29 .
- the substrate can be contacted with the surface for a time sufficient for the copolymer to be adsorbed to the substrate.
- the terminal hydroxyl groups of the copolymer are activated to allow for binding of the copolymer to an oligonucleotide.
- oligonucleotide includes polymers of Deoxyribonucleic Acids (DNA), Ribonucleic Acids (RNA), Peptidenucleic Acid (PNA), and polymers of nucleic acids containing modified or nonstandard bases.
- the end groups of a copolymer such as Pluronic® F108 can be activated to incorporate a pyridyl disulfide moiety using the procedure of Li et al., Bioconj. Chem. 7:592-599 (1996). In this procedure, Pluronic® F108 is first activated with p-nitrophenol chloroformate.
- P-nitrophenol activated F 108 is then reacted with 2-(2-pyridyl dithio)ethylammonium chloride to produce a 2-pyridyl disulfide derivative of Pluronic® F108.
- This activated Pluronic® is then conjugated to an oligonucleotide sequence having a terminal thiol group through the pyridyl disulfide group on the Pluronic®.
- the proteins or other biomolecules of interest are attached to complementary oligonucleotide sequences.
- the oligonucleotide modified copolymer will bind to hydrophobic surfaces through its center polypropylene oxide block. Once the modified copolymer is bound to the surface, the biomolecule attached to a complementary oligonucleotide sequence can be added. The biomolecule is bound to the surface with high affinity as a result of base pairing between the oligonucleotide sequence attached to the copolymer and the complementary oligonucleotide sequence on the protein or other molecule of interest.
- a copolymer such as Pluronic® F108 can be modified with numerous different oligonucleotide sequences that have a high and specific binding affinity for only their complementary sequence.
- proteins and other molecules can be modified with numerous different complementary DNA sequences.
- copolymer-bound oligonucleotides are referred to here as a and b.
- the protein that is used to promote cell attachment, referred to here as A, and the protein that is used to capture the recombinantly expressed protein, referred to here as B, are modified by attaching oligonucleotide sequences that are complementary to the oligonucleotide sequences on copolymer-bound oligonucleotide a and b, respectively.
- the method of the invention may also be used to facilitate cell transfection by a virus.
- a container for cell transfection can be modified to display two or more types of biomolecules.
- One of the biomolecules contains an adhesion sequence that will bind a virus that is used for cell transfection.
- the other biomolecule(s) contains an adhesion sequence for the cells to be transfected.
- Viruses are added to containers modified in this way and bind to the surface through the virus binding biomolecules. Cells are then added and bind to the cell binding molecules. This immobilizes the cells and viruses in close proximity to one another, and thereby, increases the probability of cell transfection.
- each type of protein or DNA is bound to the spot having complementary copolymer- bound oligonucleotides.
- an array of biomolecules is produced on the chip surface.
- the proteins could be antibodies, antigens, enzymes, lectins, extracellular matrix molecules, growth factors, cytokines, receptors, ligands, cell adhesion molecules, activators or inhibitors.
- the chip substrate could be glass, hydrophobized glass, metal, hydrophobized metal, solid polymer, porous polymer, or glass or metal having a polymer film.
- the method of the present invention can be used to create a near limitless variety of substrates with different types of biomolecules bound in varying ratios. These substrates can be used to prepare substrates used for the purposes as described above, or for a number of other purposes.
- biomolecules such as microtubule motor proteins with other biomolecules on microparticles can be immobilized on a substrate for use with microtransport and microseparation devices.
- the present invention will be useful for preparing microspheres that have biomolecules coimmobilized with an oligonucleotide sequence where the oligonucleotide sequence is unique to the particle type and serves as an identification tag or addressing tool.
- the method of the invention may also be used for the coimmobilization of enzymes for coupled enzyme assays.
- a 2-pyridyl disulfide derivative of Pluronic® F108 (EGAP) is synthesized according to the procedure of Li et al., supra ( Figure 1).
- F108 (6 g) is first activated with p-nitrophenyl chloroformate (0.5 g) in benzene (36 mL). The product is recovered by precipitation in ethyl ether and drying under vacuum.
- Mercaptoethylamine hydrochloride (3.4 g) is dissolved in a mixture of methanol (6 mL) and acetic acid (2.4 mL).
- the product an F 108 2-pyridyl disulfide derivative
- the degree of substitution is determined according to the method of Carisson et al., J. Biochem. 173:723-737 (1978).
- the UV absorbance at 343 nm of an exactly weighed portion of EGAP dissolved in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4 (PBS) is measured with respect to PBS.
- a 0.1 L aliquot of 25 mM DTT is subsequently added to both the sample and reference cuvettes. The absorbance was again measured at 343 nm after 10 minutes of adding the DTT.
- oligonucleotide containing eight or more nucleotides and a terminal thiol group is dissolved in PBS.
- F108-PDS is dissolved in PBS and combined with the oligonucleotide solution ( Figure 2).
- the reaction mixture is placed on a shaker overnight at room temperature. The efficiency of the reaction is monitored by measuring the UV absorbance at 343 nm to determine the amount of pyridyl 2-thione released.
- the resulting oligonucleotide activated F108 (F108-OLIGO) is purified by dialysis and recovered by lyophilization.
- the present invention may be used to modify artificial substrates for cell attachment.
- These substrates could be used to study how different biomolecules and specific combinations of biomolecules function to regulate cell growth and differentiation in embryogenesis and the development of both normal and diseased tissues. They could be used to grow cells in vitro for drug screening, toxicity testing and drug development. They could be used to grow cells in vitro for diagnostic or environmental monitoring devices. They could be used for bioreactors, tissue engineered devices for replacement of lost or damaged tissues, or implantable materials that function as structural support, delivery devices, in a reconstructive capacity, or in a regenerative capacity. It is well known that the differentiated status of cells is regulated by their microenvironments.
- biomolecules exist in in vivo cellular microenvironments and both the types and concentrations of biomolecules present, as well as cell-cell interactions in these environments contribute to the regulation of cell behavior.
- A, B, C, and D could be extracellular matrix adhesion proteins, structural proteins, proteoglycans, cytokines, growth factors, lectins, receptors, ligands, cell adhesion molecules, antibodies, antigens, inhibitory factors or therapeutic agents.
- F108-OLIGOs referred to here as a, b, c, and d, are prepared as described in Example 1.
- Biomolecules A, B, C, and D are modified to incorporate oligonucleotide sequences that are complementary to those of F108-OLIGOs a, b, c, and d, respectively.
- a crosslinker such as N-[ -Maleimidoacetoxy]succinimide ester (AMAS)
- A:B:C:D 1 :2:3:4
- the total concentration of F108-OLIGOs that will be adsorbed onto the surface is then controlled by adding unmodified F108 to this solution.
- the F108- OLIGO solution is incubated with the material substrate of interest and the triblock copolymers adsorb to the material surface.
- the different types of F108-OLIGOs and unmodified F108 will adsorb in the same manner and to the same extent resulting in a surface ratios of a:b:c:d of 1:2:3:4.
- the substrate is typically a polystyrene surface but could be any sufficiently hydrophobic material including materials that have been modified to display hydrophobic surface properties.
- the substrate is washed and subsequently incubated with biomolecules A, B, C, and D.
- the oligonucleotide sequences attached to biomolecules A, B, C, and D will hybridize to their complementary sequences on the immobilized F108-OLIGOs a, b, c, and d, respectively.
- the substrate is washed and the resulting surface concentrations of biomolecules will reflect the surface concentrations of the different F108-OLIGOs immobilized.
- Cells are seeded on the modified substrate and allowed to respond to signals provided by the properties and concentrations of biomolecules, A, B, C, and D.
- the cells can be harvested from such surfaces by adding a mild reducing agent, such as glutathione or DTT.
- the reducing agent will cleave the bonds between immobilized F108 molecules and OLIGOs and in turn, will release the biomolecules and attached cells.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/470,296 US7645721B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-02-04 | End group activated polymers with oligonucleotide ligands |
JP2002576602A JP4328533B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-02-04 | A method of immobilizing a plurality of biomolecules together on a surface at a specified ratio and a surface formed by the method |
AU2002305924A AU2002305924A1 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-02-04 | End group activated polymers with oligonucleotide ligands |
AT02733793T ATE430194T1 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-02-04 | END-GROUP-ACTIVATED POLYMERS WITH OLIGONUCLEOTIDE LIGANDS |
EP02733793A EP1363961B1 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-02-04 | End group activated polymers with oligonucleotide ligands |
DE60232135T DE60232135D1 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-02-04 | END GROUP-ACTIVATED POLYMERS WITH OLIGONUCLEOTIDE LIGANDS |
CA2435894A CA2435894C (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-02-04 | End group activated polymers with oligonucleotide ligands |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US26608101P | 2001-02-02 | 2001-02-02 | |
US60/266,081 | 2001-02-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2002077159A2 true WO2002077159A2 (en) | 2002-10-03 |
WO2002077159A3 WO2002077159A3 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US2002/003341 WO2002077159A2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-02-04 | End group activated polymers with oligonucleotide ligands |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7645721B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1363961B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4328533B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE430194T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002305924A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2435894C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60232135D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002077159A2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005042025A1 (en) | 2003-10-21 | 2005-05-12 | Allvivo, Inc. | Elutable surface coating |
WO2005118020A1 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-12-15 | Allvivo, Inc. | Surface coating comprising bioactive compound |
JP2006510396A (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2006-03-30 | アルヴィヴォ インコーポレイテッド | Surface coating containing bioactive compounds |
EP1751552A1 (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2007-02-14 | GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences AB | Device and method for protein analysis |
WO2010115243A1 (en) * | 2009-04-09 | 2010-10-14 | The University Of Queensland | Block copolymer blends |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7378212B2 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2023-11-13 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | Composition for cell adhesion and base material for cell adhesion |
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WO1998031734A1 (en) | 1997-01-15 | 1998-07-23 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Composition and method for regulating the adhesion of cells and biomolecules to hydrophobic surfaces |
WO1999015893A1 (en) | 1997-09-22 | 1999-04-01 | Aventis Research & Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Addressable modular recognition system, production mode and use |
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DE69322266T2 (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1999-06-02 | Perkin Elmer Corp | SAMPLES COMPOSITION AND METHOD |
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US6060246A (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 2000-05-09 | Avi Biopharma, Inc. | Reagent and method for isolation and detection of selected nucleic acid sequences |
US6087452A (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 2000-07-11 | University Of Utah | Metal-chelating surfacant |
EP1210607A4 (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2004-12-22 | Nanogen Inc | Microelectronic molecular descriptor array devices, methods, procedures, and formats for combinatorial selection of intermolecular ligand binding structures and for drug screening |
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2002
- 2002-02-04 WO PCT/US2002/003341 patent/WO2002077159A2/en active Search and Examination
- 2002-02-04 JP JP2002576602A patent/JP4328533B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-02-04 US US10/470,296 patent/US7645721B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-02-04 DE DE60232135T patent/DE60232135D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-04 EP EP02733793A patent/EP1363961B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-04 AT AT02733793T patent/ATE430194T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-02-04 AU AU2002305924A patent/AU2002305924A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-02-04 CA CA2435894A patent/CA2435894C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006510396A (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2006-03-30 | アルヴィヴォ インコーポレイテッド | Surface coating containing bioactive compounds |
WO2005042025A1 (en) | 2003-10-21 | 2005-05-12 | Allvivo, Inc. | Elutable surface coating |
EP1675618A1 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2006-07-05 | Allvivo, Inc. | Elutable surface coating |
JP2007508912A (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2007-04-12 | オールヴィヴォ インコーポレイテッド | Dissolvable surface coating |
EP1675618A4 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2009-01-21 | Allvivo Inc | Elutable surface coating |
US7858108B2 (en) | 2003-10-21 | 2010-12-28 | Richard Nagler | Elutable surface coating |
EP1751552A1 (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2007-02-14 | GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences AB | Device and method for protein analysis |
WO2005118020A1 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-12-15 | Allvivo, Inc. | Surface coating comprising bioactive compound |
US8048437B2 (en) | 2004-04-21 | 2011-11-01 | Richard Nagler | Medical device with surface coating comprising bioactive compound |
WO2010115243A1 (en) * | 2009-04-09 | 2010-10-14 | The University Of Queensland | Block copolymer blends |
US9295760B2 (en) | 2009-04-09 | 2016-03-29 | The University Of Queensland | Block copolymer blends |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4328533B2 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
AU2002305924A1 (en) | 2002-10-08 |
EP1363961A2 (en) | 2003-11-26 |
DE60232135D1 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
US7645721B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 |
CA2435894C (en) | 2014-05-13 |
ATE430194T1 (en) | 2009-05-15 |
JP2004524038A (en) | 2004-08-12 |
US20040219541A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
CA2435894A1 (en) | 2002-10-03 |
EP1363961B1 (en) | 2009-04-29 |
WO2002077159A3 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
EP1363961A4 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
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