WO2003016993A1 - Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching - Google Patents
Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003016993A1 WO2003016993A1 PCT/US2002/026077 US0226077W WO03016993A1 WO 2003016993 A1 WO2003016993 A1 WO 2003016993A1 US 0226077 W US0226077 W US 0226077W WO 03016993 A1 WO03016993 A1 WO 03016993A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrophoretic display
- electrophoretic
- cells
- layer
- plane
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F1/1676—Electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
- G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F1/1679—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1685—Operation of cells; Circuit arrangements affecting the entire cell
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F2001/1678—Constructional details characterised by the composition or particle type
Definitions
- the improved EPD comprises closed cells formed from microcups of well-defined shape, size and aspect ratio and filled with charged pigment particles dispersed in a dielectric solvent. This improved technology involving microcups allows high image quality in monochrome EPDs.
- Figures 8 A and 8B illustrate the true black state of the present invention, the top and cross-section views.
- Figures 9 A and 9B illustrate the multiple color state of the present invention, the top and cross-section views.
- the bottom electrode has a low voltage; consequently the white positively charged particles migrate to the bottom of the cell, and the color of the medium (i.e., red) is seen through the top transparent conductor film.
- the white light reflected from the green and blue pixels greatly reduces the color saturation of the red pixel.
- the cells are filled with a colorless fluid with black particles dispersed therein.
- the background of the cells is colored (i.e., red, green or blue).
- the particles migrate to either side of the cell, and the color of the background (i.e., red, green or blue) is seen from the top transparent opening.
- the particles are scattered in the dielectric solvent, resulting in a black color (i.e., the color of the particles) being seen from the top transparent opening.
- This arrangement of solvent/background/particle colors results in a dirty white state with undesirable Dmin and contrast ratio.
- Figure 3 illustrates a side view of a typical electrophoretic cell of the present invention. While only a cup-like cell is depicted, it is understood that the scope of the present invention encompasses cells formed from microchannels and the like, and all types of conventional electrophoretic cells.
- a further aspect of the invention is a monochrome display with highlight options, hi such a case, all cells in the display have the same background color and are filled with the same electrophoretic fluid (i.e., having the same particle/solvent color combination).
- the display may have white particles, the solvent is one of the primary colors (red, green or blue) and the background color is a color contrasting the solvent color.
- This arrangement is useful for a relatively simple two color device with a colored highlight option.
- an EPD having white particles, a yellow dielectric solvent, and a black background can display at least three different colors in each cell or pixel as shown in Figure 4D (top view). When the white particles are all attracted to the top viewing electrode, the white color is seen.
- the dark squares (54) represent the area opaque to the radiation employed, and the space (55) between the dark squares represents the radiation-transparent area.
- the UN radiates through the opening area (55) onto the radiation curable material (51a).
- Nonionic azo and anthraquinone dyes are particularly useful.
- useful dyes include, but are not limited to: Oil Red EGN, Sudan Red, Sudan Blue, Oil Blue, Macrolex Blue, Solvent Blue 35, Pylam Spirit Black and Fast Spirit Black from Pylam Products Co., Arizona, Sudan Black B from Aldrich, Thermoplastic Black X-70 from BASF, anthraquinone. blue, anthraquinone yellow 114, anthraquinone reds 111 and 135, anthraquinone green 28 from Aldrich. Fluorinated dyes are particularly useful when perfluorinated solvents are used.
- the microcups may be sealed by curing the supernatant UN curable layer during or after it floats to the top.
- the UN light or other forms of radiation such as visible light, IR or electron beam may be used to cure the sealing layer and seal the microcups.
- heat or moisture may also be employed to cure the sealing layer and seal the microcups, if a heat or moisture curable composition is used.
- the scan time limit of this design is determined by the signal capacitor discharge time.
- the capacitor needs to be refreshed (recharged) before the voltage drops more than 10% to maintain a good switching speed.
- the display response (on/off) time is determined by the pixel on/off time, because each pixel can be quickly charged and refreshed. Thus, the line to line scan delay can be eliminated.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003521439A JP4578097B2 (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2002-08-16 | Electrophoretic display with dual mode switching |
CA002457832A CA2457832A1 (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2002-08-16 | Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching |
KR10-2004-7002363A KR20040036719A (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2002-08-16 | Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching |
EP02775714.5A EP1423750B1 (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2002-08-16 | Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching |
MXPA04001499A MXPA04001499A (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2002-08-16 | Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US31314601P | 2001-08-17 | 2001-08-17 | |
US60/313,146 | 2001-08-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003016993A1 true WO2003016993A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
Family
ID=23214566
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2002/026077 WO2003016993A1 (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2002-08-16 | Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7046228B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1423750B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4578097B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20040036719A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1289960C (en) |
CA (1) | CA2457832A1 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1051410A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA04001499A (en) |
TW (1) | TW550529B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003016993A1 (en) |
Cited By (27)
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WO2008007300A1 (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | An improved electrode layout for a display |
US8072675B2 (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2011-12-06 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Color display devices |
US8169690B2 (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2012-05-01 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Color display devices |
US8422116B2 (en) | 2008-04-03 | 2013-04-16 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Color display devices |
US8503063B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2013-08-06 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Multicolor display architecture using enhanced dark state |
US8605354B2 (en) | 2011-09-02 | 2013-12-10 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Color display devices |
US8649084B2 (en) | 2011-09-02 | 2014-02-11 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Color display devices |
US8670174B2 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2014-03-11 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display fluid |
US8704756B2 (en) | 2010-05-26 | 2014-04-22 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Color display architecture and driving methods |
US8717664B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2014-05-06 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Color display device |
US8797258B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2014-08-05 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Highlight color display architecture using enhanced dark state |
US8917439B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2014-12-23 | E Ink California, Llc | Shutter mode for color display devices |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1423750A1 (en) | 2004-06-02 |
CN1289960C (en) | 2006-12-13 |
CA2457832A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
US7046228B2 (en) | 2006-05-16 |
MXPA04001499A (en) | 2004-05-17 |
HK1051410A1 (en) | 2003-08-01 |
US20030034950A1 (en) | 2003-02-20 |
JP2005500571A (en) | 2005-01-06 |
TW550529B (en) | 2003-09-01 |
KR20040036719A (en) | 2004-04-30 |
CN1403863A (en) | 2003-03-19 |
EP1423750B1 (en) | 2018-03-07 |
JP4578097B2 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
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