WO2003055247A2 - Communications device, method and program for receiving process execution, and computer-readable recording medium having same program recorded thereon - Google Patents
Communications device, method and program for receiving process execution, and computer-readable recording medium having same program recorded thereon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003055247A2 WO2003055247A2 PCT/JP2002/013045 JP0213045W WO03055247A2 WO 2003055247 A2 WO2003055247 A2 WO 2003055247A2 JP 0213045 W JP0213045 W JP 0213045W WO 03055247 A2 WO03055247 A2 WO 03055247A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- communications
- interrupt
- link
- receive
- communications link
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
- G06F13/20—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus
- G06F13/24—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus using interrupt
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/40—Network security protocols
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a communications device for fetching, in response to an occurrence of a receive interrupt or a timer interrupt, data which has been received from some other device and stored in a receive buffer, a method and a program for executing a receiving process , and a computer-readable recording medium having the same program recorded thereon.
- interrupts are used for software to acknowledge hardware communications, for example.
- the hardware stores, in a receive buffer, data including requests and acknowledgements and the like, and coming from some other device.
- the software switches the task in process to an interrupt handler.
- a receive interrupt occurs when the hardware performs data reception.
- the resulting receive interrupt notified by the hardware is detected by a receive interrupt handler.
- the software fetches the received data stored in the receive buffer into memory.
- the software analyzes the received data thus fetched into the memory. If the analysis result shows that the received data is representing a connection request, for example, an acknowledgement is returned back to the source from where the request was forwarded.
- Such a handshake establishes a communications link with the source from where the request was forwarded.
- a timer interrupt occurs at regular intervals.
- a timer interrupt handler detects a timer interrupt notified by the hardware (SI). Even if a timer interrupt is detected, a receive buffer does not always carry the received data therein. Thus, the software then determines whether or not the received data has been stored in the receive buffer (S2). If determined that the received data is stored in the receive buffer, the software accordingly fetches the received data in the receive buffer into memory (S3) .
- the present invention is proposed in consideration of such problems of the prior art as described above.
- An object thereof is to provide a communications device with which a communications efficiency can be improved without depending on CPU or hardware throughput, and a communications link with some other device can be smoothly established. Also provided are a method and a program forreceivingprocess execution, andacomputer-readablerecording medium having the same program recorded thereon.
- the present invention adopts the following means .
- data provided from some other device and stored in a receive buffer is fetched in response to a receive interrupt or a timer interrupt .
- a link state determination unit determines whether or not a communications link with the other device is established. Based on the determination result, if the communications link has been established, a receive interrupt control unit causes the receive interrupt to stop occurring for the duration. That is, while the communications link is established, the dataprovided from the other device and stored in the receive buffer is fetched responding to an occurrence of a timer interrupt . There is no requirement for quick response while the communications link is established, and thus there is no need to shorten the interval between occurrences of the timer interrupts .
- the link state determinationunit In order to cause the receive interrupt to stop occurring while the communications link is established, the link state determinationunit alsodetermineswhetherthecommunications link has been cut off. If the communications link is determined as having been cut off, the receive interrupt is allowed to occur again.
- the receive interrupt is free to occur.
- an occurrence of areceive interrupt maycause, to fetch, the data provided from the other device and stored in the receive buffer.
- responding only to an occurrence of a timer interrupt may not ensure enough response to establish a communications link, responding to an occurrence of a receive interrupt can ensure this response.
- the link state determination unit may refer to an application instruction to determine whether to accept or reject the request.
- the receive interrupt is temporarily allowed to occur again, so that thus requested communications link can be smoothly established.
- the link state determination unit may refer to a setting of QoS (Quality Of Service) to determine whether or not to accept the request for establishing another communications link receivedwhileonecommunications linkhas beenalreadyestablished. If the QoS setting is indicating a guaranteed type, it predicts possible difficulty of multilink communications. As such, the QoS setting automatically leads to appropriate determination without users ' or developers ' instructions .
- QoS Quality Of Service
- FIG.2 is adiagramshowing the relationshipbetween a timeout time and a response time.
- FIG.3 is a diagram roughly showing the structure of a mobile phone of a first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a receiving process executed by hardware .
- FIG.5 is a diagram roughly showing the structure of a device for executing a receiving process equipped in the mobile phone of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a receive interrupt process.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt process.
- FIG.8 is a diagram roughly showing the structure of a device for executing a receiving process equipped in a mobile phone of a second embodiment .
- FIG.9 is a diagram showing a specific example of a setting screen through which an inquiry is made to a user whether or not to enable multilink.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a setting process for a multilink establishment setting flag in accordance with a request coming from application software.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a multilink establishment determination process responding to a request coming from other devices for establishing a communications link.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart of the multilink establishment determination process responding to a request coming from application software for establishing a communications link.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a setting process for a multilink establishment setting flag based on a QoS setting.
- the present invention is embodied in a receiving process program operating on a mobile terminal exemplarily having a radio communications capability.
- a mobile terminal A is connected with an other device B via a radio path 100.
- the mobile terminal A uses hardware 101 and software 102 to activate its communications capability.
- the hardware 101 corresponds to lower layers of a protocol stack such as an RF layer, a baseband layer, and the like, in this communications capability.
- Thehardware 101 receives from the other device B data including connection requests, acknowledgements, and the like.
- the received data is copied into a receive buffer 103 (S102) .
- S102 receive buffer 103
- What resulted by this copying is data storage in the receive buffer 103 , and accordingly a request is made for a receive interrupt to occur.
- the hardware In response to thus made request for an occurrence of a receive interrupt, the hardware
- the hardware 101 determines whether a receive interrupt flag 104 is now turned ON or OFF (S103) . If the receive interrupt flag 104 is determined as being turned ON, the hardware 101 notifies the software 102 of the occurrence of the receive interrupt (S104 ) . Afternotifying the software 102 of the occurrence of the receive interrupt, or after determining that the receive interrupt flag 104 is being turnedOFF, the hardware 101 ends the data receiving process. That is, with the receive interrupt flag 104 turned OFF, the software
- the hardware 101 also causes a timer interrupt to occur at regular intervals according to a timer 105, and every time a timer interrupt occurs, notifies the software 102 thereof.
- the software 102 corresponds upper layers of the protocol stack such as a link management layer, a controller interface, an application programinterface, and the like. Upon notification from the hardware 101 of an occurrence of a receive interrupt or a timer interrupt, responding thereto, the software 102 fetches into the memory the data stored in the receive buffer 103.
- the software 102 includes a receiving process program.
- This receiving process program uses the microprocessor, the memory, and the like, of the mobile terminalA to operate the mobile phone A as a communications device having a device for executing a receiving process.
- the receiving process device Al is provided with a receiving unit 1 , a link state determination unit 2, and a receive interrupt control unit 3.
- the receivingunit 1 When notified by the hardware 101 that a receive interrupt oratimer interrupt has occurred, the receivingunit 1 responsively fetches into the memory the received data stored in the receive buffer 103.
- Determined by the link state determination unit 2 is whether or not a (virtual) communications link 106 has been established on the radio path 100 between the mobile terminal A and the other device B , and if established, whether or not the communications link 106 has been cut off.
- the receive interrupt control unit 3 turns OFF thereception interrupt flag 104 in thehardware 101 for the duration .
- the hardware 101 does not notify the software 102 of the occurrence of the receive interrupt .
- the receiving unit 1 receives no notification about occurrence of the receive interrupt. That is, the receive interrupt is caused to stop occurring.
- the link state determination unit 2 determines as the communications link 106 having been cut off, the receive interrupt flag 104 is turned ON.
- the hardware 101 determines that the receive interrupt flag 104 is now ON, and then notifies the software 102 of the occurrence of thereceive interrupt . As aresult , if the linkstate determination unit 2 determines that the communications link 106 has been cut off, the receive interrupt is allowed again to occur.
- the device Al receives notification about occurrence of the receive interrupt only when the communications link 106 is not established, that is, before the communications link 106 is established (after the communications link 106 is cut off) .
- FIG.6 is a flowchart for demonstrating the receive interrupt process.
- the receiving unit 1 fetches the data stored in the receive buffer 103 into memory (S201).
- the data thus fetched into the memory is analyzed by the receiving unit 1 (S202) .
- the receiving unit 1 executes the receivingprocess withrespect to upper layers (S203) .
- S203 upper layers
- the link state determination unit 2 determines whether or not the communications link 106 has been established (S204). If the communications link 106 is determined as having been established, the receive interrupt controlunit 3 turns OFF the receive interrupt flag 104 (S205) . This is the end of the receive interrupt process .
- the link state determination unit 2 uses the result derived by the receive interrupt process to determine whether or not the communications link 106 has been cut off (S206) . If the communications link 106 is determined as having been cut off, thereceive interrupt flag 104 is responsivelyturnedON (S207) . After the receive interrupt flag 104 is turned ON, or if the communications link 106 is determined as not being cut off, this is the end of the receive interrupt process.
- the receive interrupt flag 104 is turned OFF. Therefore, notified to the receiving process device Al after the establishment of the communications link 106 are only occurrences of the timer interrupts.
- a timer interrupt handler Upon notification of a timer interrupt by the hardware 101 to the receiving process device Al , a timer interrupt handler is responsivelywaked up, and the device Al starts executing a process relating to the timer interrupt.
- the receiving unit 1 determines whether or not the receive buffer 103 carries data (S302) . If the receive buffer 103 is determined as carrying data, executed is a process similar to the receive interrupt process.
- the receiving unit 1 performs data fetching from the receive buffer 103 into memory (S303) .
- the data thus fetched into thememory is analyzedby the receiving unit 1 ( S304) .
- the receiving unit 1 executes a receiving process with respect to the upper layers (S305) .
- the link state determination unit 2 determines whether or not the communications link 106 has been established (S306).
- the link state determinationunit 2 refers to the result derived by the receiving process to determine whether or not the communications link 106 has been cut off (S308). If the communications link 106 is determined as having been cut off, the receive interrupt flag 104 is responsively turned ON (S309) . In either case where the receive interrupt flag 104 is turned ON, or the communications link 106 is determined as not being cut off, the process is ended.
- the receive interrupt is caused to stop occurring, and in response to an occurrence of a timer interrupt, the data stored in the receive buffer 103 is fetched. In this manner, the dispatching time to be taken associated with interrupt occurrences can be shortened, and a CPU load can be reduced. Further, as described above, responding to the receive interrupt is enabled before the communications link 106 is established. As is evident therefrom, the mobile terminal A is capable of improving the communications efficiency without the help of CPU or hardware throughput, and further, achieving smooth establishment of the communications link with the other device B .
- the mobile terminal includes a mobile phone and a personal digital assistant to which a communications module meeting the W-CDMA standard or the Bluetooth standard is adopted
- the communications device of the present invention is not restricted to such a mobile terminal.
- the present invention is surely applicable to other types of communications devices, exemplified by communications devices with which wired communications is carried out .
- the receiving process program is stored in flash memory, or the like, often equipped in the communications device. It is also possible to put it on the market through a telecommunications circuit such as the Internet, or recorded on a computer-readable recording medium such as CD-ROMs.
- steps S206 andS207 maybe skipped, and if determination tells no link establishment , the receive interrupt process may be then ended.
- steps S306 and S307 may be skipped, and step S308 may be carried out after step S305 of the receiving process is carried out to the upper layers.
- the software 102 on the mobile terminal A fetches, into memory, data received from the other device B and stored in the receive buffer 103.
- the issue here is that, while the communications link is established, if the receive buffer 103 stores only data communicated only via the link, no quick response is required for the data reception. There may be a case, however, the data to be stored in the receive buffer 103 may include any request for establishing another communications link.
- the link state determination unit 2 in the receiving process device therein further determines whether or not to accept a request asking for establishing another communications linkwhile one communications link has been already established. Such a determination is made based on, for example, a multilink establishment setting flag.
- the multilink establishment setting flag is used to set whether or not to reject establishment of a plurality of communications links. Assuming that the value thereof is represented in binary, with one value VI, the link state determination unit 2 determines to accept the request, andwiththe othervalueV2, therequest is rejectedthrough determination.
- a flag setting unit 5 sets the flag by value in accordance with a request made by application software 4, which operates on the mobile terminal A, for example.
- the application software 4 displays such a setting screen as shown in FIG. 9 on a display so that an inquiry can be made, asking a user whether or not to enable multilink.
- the application software 4 asks for the flag setting unit 5 to make a setting request of the multilink establishment setting flag.
- the flag setting unit 5 determines whether the request is rejectingmultilinkestablishment ornot (S401) . If therequest is accepting the multilink establishment, the flag setting unit
- the value of the multilink establishment setting flag is set to the value VI (S402). If the request is rejecting multilink establishment, on the other hand, the value of the multilink establishment setting flag is set to the value V2 (S403).
- the determination for multilink establishment will reflect the user's instruction provided to the application software 4 , the specifications of the application software 4, and the like.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart for demonstrating a process to determine multilink establishment in a case where a request comes from the other device for establishing a communications link.
- the link state determination unit 2 determines whether or not any communications link has been already established (S501).
- the link state determination unit 2 refers to themultilink establishment setting flag for its value to determine whether to accept the request or not (S503).
- the link state determination unit 2 determines to reject the request, a response of connection rejection is given back to the source from where the request was provided (S504). If the link state determination unit 2 determines to accept the request , the receive interrupt control unit 3 allows a receive interrupt to occur again (S505). Once the receive interrupt is allowed to occur again, after the communications link is established, as described in the first embodiment, the receive interrupt is caused again to stop occurring in response to the receive interrupt flag 104 turned OFF by the receive interrupt control unit 3.
- described in the present embodiment is a case where the mobile terminal A receives a request from the other device B for establishing a communications link therewith.
- This is not restrictive, and when the application software operating on the mobile terminal A asks for any software lower than itself in the protocol stack to establish another communications link with the other device, a determination may be made whether or not to accept the request .
- the link state determination unit 2 determines whether or not the communications link has been already established (S601). If no communications link is determined as having been already established, as described in the first embodiment, a process is executed to establish a communications link (S602). If the communications link is determined as having been already established, on the other hand, the link state determination unit 2 refers to the multilink establishment setting flag for its value to determine whether or not to accept the request (S603).
- the receive interrupt control unit 3 allows the receive interrupt to occur again (S604).
- Bluetooth software includes software on the side of an application as host , and software on the side of a host controller controlled by the application.
- the host can make the QoS (Quality of Service) setting about communications with the hosts of other Bluetooth devices .
- the QoS setting is made via an asynchronous connectionless link, which is established between the host of a certain Bluetooth device and the host of another Bluetooth device.
- the host making the QoS setting transmits a QoS setup command to link management software, which is included in a local host controller via the link.
- This setup command includes information about a service type, a peak bandwidth, for example.
- the service type includes a best-effort type and a guaranteed type.
- the link management software Upon reception of the QoS setup command, the link management software returns a command status event to the host, and then transmits a request to the link management software included in the host controller of the other Bluetooth device. With a response to accept the request, the link management software notifies a QoS setup completion event to the host locating upper thereto through the link. Further, the link management software having received the request-accepting response also notifies the QoS setup completion event to the host locating upper thereto through the link.
- the QoS setting is made as such, and accordingly, the link management software locating lower than the application software can acquire the service type.
- the link management software locating lower than the application software can acquire the service type.
- operating any software corresponding to the link management software on the CPU realizes the flag setting unit 5, and the resulting flag setting unit 5 may set the flag by value based on the service type.
- the flag settingunit 5 determines whether the service type information included in the command is indicating the guaranteed type or not (S701).
- the flag setting unit 5 sets the value of the multilink establishment setting flag to the value V2 (S702) . If the service type information is determined as not indicating the guaranteed type, the link state determination unit 2 determines whether a communications linkhas been already established (S703) . Without a communications link being already established, the flag settingunit 5 sets thevalue of themultilinkestablishment setting flag to the value VI (S704).
- the QoS setting is reflected to the value of the multilink establishment setting flag, even if a request comes for establishing another communications link while a communications link has been already established, the request is rejected if the already-established communications link shows a guaranteed type for its QoS type.
- the dispatching time to be taken associatedwith interrupt occurrences can be shortened, and a CPU load can be reduced. This is because no receive interrupt occurs while a communications link is established. Consequently, the communications efficiency can be successfully improved without depending on CPU or hardware throughput. What is better, an occurrence of a receive interrupt can be used as a cue to establish a communications link, which is smoothly established with other devices.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2004-7004915A KR20040063905A (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2002-12-12 | Communications device, method and program for receiving process execution, and computer-readable recording medium having same program recorded thereon |
DE60211211T DE60211211T2 (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2002-12-12 | COMMUNICATION DEVICE, RECEPTION PROCESSING METHOD AND PROGRAM, AND COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUM ON WHICH THIS PROGRAM IS STORED |
US10/496,668 US20050080754A1 (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2002-12-12 | Communications device, method and program for receiving process execution, and computer-readable recording medium having same program recorded thereon |
EP02790749A EP1454472B1 (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2002-12-12 | Communications device, method and program for receiving process execution, and computer-readable recording medium having same program recorded thereon |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001-379450 | 2001-12-13 | ||
JP2001379450 | 2001-12-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2003055247A2 true WO2003055247A2 (en) | 2003-07-03 |
WO2003055247A3 WO2003055247A3 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
Family
ID=19186819
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2002/013045 WO2003055247A2 (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2002-12-12 | Communications device, method and program for receiving process execution, and computer-readable recording medium having same program recorded thereon |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050080754A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1454472B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20040063905A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100444594C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60211211T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003055247A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100426789C (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2008-10-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | High-speed message transmitting method with high reliability |
Families Citing this family (8)
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US20090319810A1 (en) * | 2007-01-11 | 2009-12-24 | Panasonic Corporation | Receiving apparatus and activation control method for receiving apparatus |
JP2009259089A (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-11-05 | Nec Corp | Device and method for tracking program execution path, and program |
US8219713B2 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2012-07-10 | Broadcom Corporation | Method and system for a network controller based pass-through communication mechanism between local host and management controller |
US20150173116A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-18 | Mediatek Inc. | Communications method, device and system |
CN106485293A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-08 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of control method of write operation, device and equipment |
US20190313311A1 (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-10-10 | Mediatek Inc. | Apparatuses, service networks, and methods for handling plmn-specific parameters for an inter-plmn handover |
US11026124B2 (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2021-06-01 | Mediatek Inc. | Enhanced handling on 5G QoS operations |
US11039369B2 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2021-06-15 | Mediatek Inc. | Handling 5G QoS rules on QoS operation errors |
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EP0447054A2 (en) * | 1990-03-15 | 1991-09-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Integrated data link controller with synchronous link interface and asynchronous host processor interface |
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US5317692A (en) * | 1991-01-23 | 1994-05-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for buffer chaining in a communications controller |
JPH05167680A (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 1993-07-02 | Fujitsu Ltd | Terminal interrupt control system |
US5319752A (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-06-07 | 3Com Corporation | Device with host indication combination |
CA2126174C (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 2003-01-21 | David Thielen | Method and system for interrupt-responsive execution of communications protocols |
US6292508B1 (en) * | 1994-03-03 | 2001-09-18 | Proxim, Inc. | Method and apparatus for managing power in a frequency hopping medium access control protocol |
FI98181C (en) * | 1995-01-04 | 1997-04-25 | Nokia Telecommunications Oy | Procedure for making continuation calls in an intelligent network |
FR2730114B1 (en) * | 1995-01-27 | 1997-04-11 | France Telecom | INTERRUPTION OF A COMMUNICATION BETWEEN TWO TERMINALS BY A CALL FROM ANOTHER TERMINAL |
US6377548B1 (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 2002-04-23 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Method for admitting new connections based on measured quantities in a multiple access system for communications networks |
US6338111B1 (en) * | 1999-02-22 | 2002-01-08 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for reducing I/O interrupts |
US6434651B1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2002-08-13 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for suppressing interrupts in a high-speed network environment |
JP4181685B2 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2008-11-19 | 富士通株式会社 | Power control method, electronic device, and recording medium |
US6647440B1 (en) * | 1999-09-15 | 2003-11-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | End-of-message handling and interrupt generation in a CAN module providing hardware assembly of multi-frame CAN messages |
US6760799B1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2004-07-06 | Intel Corporation | Reduced networking interrupts |
CN1088218C (en) * | 1999-11-14 | 2002-07-24 | 邓国顺 | Electronic flash storage method and device for data processing system |
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-
2002
- 2002-12-12 US US10/496,668 patent/US20050080754A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-12 EP EP02790749A patent/EP1454472B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-12 KR KR10-2004-7004915A patent/KR20040063905A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-12-12 DE DE60211211T patent/DE60211211T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-12 WO PCT/JP2002/013045 patent/WO2003055247A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-12-12 CN CNB028208412A patent/CN100444594C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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EP0447054A2 (en) * | 1990-03-15 | 1991-09-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Integrated data link controller with synchronous link interface and asynchronous host processor interface |
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CN100426789C (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2008-10-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | High-speed message transmitting method with high reliability |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE60211211T2 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
EP1454472B1 (en) | 2006-05-03 |
DE60211211D1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
EP1454472A2 (en) | 2004-09-08 |
KR20040063905A (en) | 2004-07-14 |
US20050080754A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
WO2003055247A3 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
CN100444594C (en) | 2008-12-17 |
CN1572100A (en) | 2005-01-26 |
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