WO2003107026A1 - Mr device provided with differently optimized rf coil arrays - Google Patents
Mr device provided with differently optimized rf coil arrays Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003107026A1 WO2003107026A1 PCT/IB2003/002201 IB0302201W WO03107026A1 WO 2003107026 A1 WO2003107026 A1 WO 2003107026A1 IB 0302201 W IB0302201 W IB 0302201W WO 03107026 A1 WO03107026 A1 WO 03107026A1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
- G01R33/341—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR comprising surface coils
- G01R33/3415—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR comprising surface coils comprising arrays of sub-coils, i.e. phased-array coils with flexible receiver channels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/561—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution by reduction of the scanning time, i.e. fast acquiring systems, e.g. using echo-planar pulse sequences
- G01R33/5611—Parallel magnetic resonance imaging, e.g. sensitivity encoding [SENSE], simultaneous acquisition of spatial harmonics [SMASH], unaliasing by Fourier encoding of the overlaps using the temporal dimension [UNFOLD], k-t-broad-use linear acquisition speed-up technique [k-t-BLAST], k-t-SENSE
Definitions
- the invention relates to a magnetic resonance (MR) device for MR imaging as well as to an RF coil system for such an MR device.
- MR magnetic resonance
- MR devices of this kind are generally known and described in numerous documents, for example, in WO 00/72034 Al which discloses a magnetic resonance device for carrying out the SENSE method by means of an RF coil array.
- the optimization of RF coil arrays is of major importance for MR imaging. For given clinical protocols a specific optimization of the image quality can be achieved by parameter variation of the coil number, the coil configuration and the arrangement of the coils.
- the object basically consists of obtaining a maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
- SNR signal-to-noise ratio
- a high SNR in deeper layers is achieved by means of RF coils having a given minimum size.
- the maximum number of RF coils in relation to the given size of the object to be examined, for example, a patient is thus limited.
- increasing the number of RF coils is an absolute necessity so as to obtain a high reduction factor for a corresponding temporal resolution.
- the design criteria for RF coils differ significantly in dependence on the relevant application and the imaging method.
- a low error propagation rate should be achieved in combination with a high reduction factor, whereas maximization of the SNR is most important when synergy coils are used.
- an RF coil array which has been optimized for the SENSE method also deviates geometrically from a synergy coil array in respect of the number, the size and the position of the RF coils.
- an MR device as disclosed in claim 1 which includes: a main field magnet for generating a steady main magnetic field; - a gradient coil system with a plurality of gradient coils for generating magnetic gradient fields; an RF coil system for transmitting and/or receiving RF signals, which coil system includes at least two RF coil arrays which are integrated in one coil former and have been optimized for different applications, each RF coil array comprising at least two RF coils decoupled from one another; a transmit/receive unit for driving the RF coil arrays and for receiving MR signals from the RF coil arrays, there being provided a plurality of channels, notably a number of channels which corresponds to the number of RF coils of the RF coil array comprising the largest number of RF coils; - a control unit for controlling the MR imaging, the control unit being arranged to switch over the RF coil arrays for temporally separate use of the individual RF coil arrays during the MR data acquisition; and a processing
- the simultaneous integration of RF coil arrays optimized for different applications in one coil former in accordance with the invention offers major advantages. During an examination it is no longer necessary to move the patient, or even to move the patient to a different bed, when the application of a different MR imaging method is desired; the overall examination time is thus reduced.
- the different RF coil arrays can now be specifically selected separately for given clinical applications. For example, when the different RF coil arrays are suitably optimized, an optimum can be achieved as regards the SNR and/or the highest temporal resolution.
- An RF coil system for such an MR device is disclosed in claim 10.
- the MR device in accordance with the invention at least the RF coils within the individual RF coil arrays are decoupled from one another. Only one RF coil array can thus be used at any time for the excitation (in the transmit mode) or for the acquisition of MR signals (in the receive mode), so that the RF coils of the other RF coil arrays are electronically switched off.
- the switching over between the individual RF coil arrays can be carried out directly from a control console for the relevant imaging protocol or by the relevant imaging sequence itself.
- the individual RF coil arrays are also decoupled from one another, so that the individual RF coils of all different RF coil arrays are also decoupled from one another.
- MR signals can be received in parallel from all RF coils.
- Appropriate switching means may be provided so as to enable switching over at will between RF coils of different RF coil arrays in the case where the total number of RF coils is larger than the total available number of channels of the transmit/receive unit. This enables the simultaneous application of different imaging methods during one MR data acquisition; this is of special interest for special applications.
- a first RF coil array is advantageously optimized for the SENSE method or the SMASH method and a second RF coil array is optimized as a synergy coil array.
- SENSE Sensitivity Encoding for Fast MRI
- the SMASH method is described in WO 98/21600.
- the RF coil array for SENSE or SMASH methods is then optimized in order to achieve a reduction of the acquisition time, whereas a synergy coil array is intended to achieve a maximum signal-to-noise ratio.
- MR signals can thus be acquired simultaneously from different regions and with a different destination direction, thus enabling advantageous applications. For example, it is feasible to reconstruct images in real time already during the MR data acquisition, for example, from MR data acquired by an RF coil array which has been optimized for the SENSE method.
- Images of this kind then depict changes of the object to be examined with a high temporal resolution as is of interest, for example, for MR angiography.
- Such real-time data can also be fed back to the data acquisition so as to enable motion correction or control of the data acquisition in general.
- New methodic protocols can thus be applied, enabling the use of the different RF coil arrays for the data acquisition from only sub-regions of the k space.
- the data of the central k space can be measured with a high SNR, for example, by means of a synergy coil array, whereas the high k spatial frequencies are acquired at a high speed, for example, by means of a SENSE RF coil array.
- the corresponding images can be acquired by way of a suitable calibration, for example, of the SENSE coil array to the synergy coil array, and an adapted reconstruction.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of an MR device in accordance with the invention
- Fig. 2a shows a first embodiment of an RF coil system in accordance with the invention
- Fig. 2b shows an associated switching unit
- - Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of an RF coil system in accordance with the invention
- Figs. 4a, b show a third and a fourth embodiment, respectively, of an RF coil system in accordance with the invention with switching means;
- Fig. 5 shows a diagram illustrating an application of the MR device in accordance with the invention
- Figs. 6a to e are various views of a SENSE RF coil array
- Figs. 7a to g show different versions of RF coil arrays in accordance with the invention.
- Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of an MR device in accordance with the invention for forming MR images of the patient 15 who is arranged on a patient table 19 in the examination zone.
- the MR device includes a main field magnet system 10 with a plurality of main field magnets which generate a steady, uniform magnetic field in the longitudinal direction of the patient 15.
- a gradient coil system with a plurality of gradient coils 11, 12, 13 is provided so as to generate magnetic gradient fields.
- an RF coil system 14 is provided to generate RF excitation pulses and to acquire MR signals from the excited examination zone, the construction of said RF coil system in accordance with the invention being described in detail hereinafter.
- a transmit/receive unit 16 is provided in order to control the individual RF coils of the RF coil system 14 in the transmit mode or the receive mode for the MR signals received by the individual RF coils.
- the MR signals received are processed by a processing unit 17 so as to form desired MR images.
- a control unit 18 is provided for the control of the transmit/receive unit 16, the processing unit 17 and the various coil systems 10 to 14. Further details of the basic construction of such an MR device as well as of its operating principle are generally known, for example, from the previously mentioned WO 00/72034 and, therefore, will not be elaborated herein.
- Fig. 2a shows a first embodiment of an RF coil system 141 in accordance with the invention.
- the Figure shows two RF coil arrays 20, 21 which are formed as surface coils and are arranged one over the other around the patient 15 who is shown in a cross-sectional view.
- the RF coil array 20 which is nearest to the patient 15 includes a total number of eight RF coils 201 to 208 which are arranged adjacent one another and without overlapping one another. These coils have been optimized for application of the SENSE technique.
- the RF coils 21 1 to 214 are configured as synergy coils.
- Each of the RF coils 201 to 208 and 211 to 214 is connected to a respective preamplifier 22, so that there are twelve connection points A to L in total.
- the transmit receive unit (16 in Fig. 1) comprises only eight channels, in this case a switching unit 23 as shown in Fig. 2b can be used to switch the twelve connection points A to L correctly to the eight channels 1 to 8.
- the switching unit 23 is also controlled by the control unit 18 for this purpose.
- Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of an RF coil system 142 in accordance with the invention. In addition to the RF coil systems 20 and 21 shown in Fig.
- the RF coil system 142 includes a head volume coil 24, being a so-called birdcage coil, which encloses the two RF coil arrays 20, 21.
- This embodiment is intended in particular for the acquisition of MR images of the head of a patient.
- a separate preamplifier 22 with a separate input Ml (for transmission) and an output M2.
- FIG. 4a, 4b Two further embodiments of an RF coil system 143, 144 in accordance with the invention are shown in the Figs. 4a, 4b. Fewer channels are required in these embodiments, because appropriate switching means 25 and 23 are provided in front of or behind the preamplifiers 22.
- Each of the embodiments 143, 144 shown is provided with two synergy coils 30, 31 and three SENSE coils 32, 33, 34, decoupling capacitances C K. being provided for the decoupling of the RF coils.
- other means such as, for example, ⁇ /2 leads or transformers may be provided for the decoupling.
- the embodiments shown are suitable in particular for cardiac examinations. It may also be arranged that only a part of the RF coil system consists of a combination of two RF coil arrays, whereas another part of the RF coil system constitutes a conventional surface coil.
- a synergy coil array and a SENSE coil array are provided.
- the MR data 40 acquired consists of synergy coil data 41 on the one hand and SENSE coil data 42 on the other hand.
- the k space as well as the filling of the k space with the acquired MR data are shown each time symbolically.
- the SENSE data 42 can be used for the reconstruction in real time, during the data acquisition (of the synergy data 41), of images 43, 44, 45 from the k space data sets which are interleaved in different ways and reflect with a high temporal resolution the changes of the object to be measured.
- the real-time data can, moreover, be fed back to the MR data acquisition (feedback 47), for example, in order to carry out a motion correction or a general control of the data acquisition.
- feedback 47 for example, in order to carry out a motion correction or a general control of the data acquisition.
- a conventional MR image 46 with a high signal-to-noise ratio can also be reconstructed from the synergy coil data 41.
- this procedure is not limited to the combination of a synergy coil system and a SENSE coil system and that it can in principle be used also in the case of combination of other RF coil arrays.
- RF coil arrays are used in principle to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio.
- the duration of the image acquisition in principle is not affected thereby.
- the previously mentioned SENSE and SMASH methods reduce the acquisition time for an MR image at the expense of the SNR. In both methods the Field Of View (FOV) is reduced, thus giving rise to backfolding or aliasing.
- the images acquired contain aliasing artifacts which must be corrected again at a later stage.
- the SENSE method solves a system of equations pixel-by-pixel from the images of the individual RF coils with different profiles, whereas the SMASH method yields a system of equations for an entire MR image.
- the SMASH method utilizes in the simplest case a linear RF coil array of RF coils and synthesizes a plurality of sinusoidal harmonics from the coil sensitivities. These harmonics produce an offset in the k space like a BO gradient field.
- the reconstruction time for the SMASH method is shorter than for the SENSE method, but this is "achieved" at the expense of the image quality.
- the SENSE method offers a better image quality. In principle, therefore, the two reconstruction methods can be used for a linear RF coil array. Because of the novel and fast hardware reconstruction units available nowadays, the reconstruction time no longer poses a problem in respect of temporal resolution in the case of the SENSE method.
- Synergy coils serve first of all to produce an optimum signal-to-noise ratio. This, of course, also holds for SENSE coils, but now it is not necessary to observe the secondary condition as regards a suitable solution of the system of equations for the reconstruction.
- a high SNR is required with as few artifacts as possible, that is, an as high as possible SNR and intensity distribution across the entire FOV. This is achieved in principle already by means of a small number of RF coils.
- the combination of these RF coils so as to form an overall image provides an SNR for the center which could not be increased significantly further by increasing the number of RF coils.
- a synergy coil array of this kind can in principle also be used for the SENSE method.
- the RF coils can be subjected to modifications which are less suitable for an optimum uniform image quality.
- the individual SENSE coils are not arranged so as to overlap one another, but are situated at a given distance from one another, for example, in conformity with Fig. 6a which shows three SENSE coils 50, 51, 52 which are situated at a distance d of, for example, from 5 to 10 mm from one another. As is shown in Fig.
- decoupling capacitances C are provided for the decoupling of the three coils 50, 51, 52, whereas appropriate resonance capacitances Or are provided for adjustment of the resonance.
- Two further embodiments of a SENSE RF coil array with capacitive decoupling and inductive decoupling by means of local RF transformers T, respectively, are shown in the Figs. 6c and d.
- the RF coils may also be arranged so as to be tilted relative to one another as is shown on the basis of five SENSE coils 60 to 64 in Fig. 6e. Moreover, the number of RF coils should be as large as possible.
- the Figs. 7a to 7g are diagrammatic representations of further embodiments of an RF coil system in accordance with the invention.
- the Figs. 7a and 7b both show four synergy coils 70 to 73 with a respective preamplifier 22.
- Each of the coils 70 to 73 is decoupled by means of decoupling capacitances C K , but connected together in a different way.
- Figs. 7c and 7d show two further synergy coil arrays with each time four synergy coils 70 to 73.
- the decoupling capacitors C K therein are arranged each time at the center. For tuning there each time a different number of tuning capacitors C-ris provided again.
- Fig. 7e shows a further embodiment of a SENSE RF coil array. This array comprises six coil pairs 80 to 85, each of which comprises two RF coils, which are decoupled via a decoupling capacitance C K , and also each time two preamplifiers.
- the coil pairs 80 to 85 are decoupled from one another via the distance and the high-ohmic input resistance of the preamplifiers 22.
- FIG. 7f shows a combination of a SENSE RF coil array as shown in Fig. 7e and a synergy coil array.
- the eight coil pairs 80 to 85 are covered substantially completely by the synergy coil array which consists of two synergy coils 90, 91.
- the synergy coil array which consists of two synergy coils 90, 91.
- SENSE coils as well as a different number and arrangement of SENSE coils or synergy coils can also be coupled to one another.
- Fig. 7g shows an alternative SENSE or SMASH RF coil array with four
- SENSE RF coils 100, 102, 102, 103 Such an RF coil array is preferably combined with a synergy coil in the form of a large loop coil.
- At least two RF coil arrays which have been optimized for different applications are integrated in one coil former.
- the construction of such combined RF coil arrays may, for example, take the form of a sandwich.
- Various solutions are feasible in respect of the number, the arrangement and the configuration of the individual RF coils or the RF coil arrays, so that various novel MR imaging methods become feasible.
- Overall the MR device in accordance with the invention offers a substantial reduction of the data acquisition time and enhances the ease of operation at the same time.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03735866A EP1523687A1 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2003-06-10 | Mr device provided with differently optimized rf coil arrays |
JP2004513792A JP4542892B2 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2003-06-10 | MR device with differently optimized RF coil arrays |
AU2003236949A AU2003236949A1 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2003-06-10 | Mr device provided with differently optimized rf coil arrays |
US10/517,929 US7221160B2 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2003-06-10 | MR device provided with differently optimized RF coil arrays |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10226488A DE10226488A1 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2002-06-14 | MR arrangement with differently optimized high-frequency coil arrays |
DE10226488.0 | 2002-06-14 |
Publications (1)
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WO2003107026A1 true WO2003107026A1 (en) | 2003-12-24 |
Family
ID=29594517
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/IB2003/002201 WO2003107026A1 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2003-06-10 | Mr device provided with differently optimized rf coil arrays |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US7221160B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1523687A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4542892B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003236949A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10226488A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003107026A1 (en) |
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WO2008064365A2 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-05-29 | Mr Instruments, Inc. | Multi-channel magnetic resonance coil array assembly |
WO2008026174A3 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-06-12 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Multi-channel magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy |
NL1032773C2 (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2010-01-14 | Ge Med Sys Global Tech Co Llc | RF coil assembly. |
US7659719B2 (en) | 2005-11-25 | 2010-02-09 | Mr Instruments, Inc. | Cavity resonator for magnetic resonance systems |
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US20070249930A1 (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2007-10-25 | General Electric Company | Method and system for tracking devices with multiple rf transmit channels using mri |
RU2009101928A (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2010-07-27 | Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс, Н.В. (Nl) | MAGNETIC RESONANCE RECEIVER KIT BUILT INTO THE SCANNER TUNNEL WALL |
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CN103308874B (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2016-06-08 | 西门子(深圳)磁共振有限公司 | Coil device and magnetic resonance imaging system |
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WO2017097881A1 (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-06-15 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Radio frequency coil-array for magnetic resonance examination system |
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- 2003-06-10 US US10/517,929 patent/US7221160B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2003-06-10 EP EP03735866A patent/EP1523687A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
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JP2005529698A (en) | 2005-10-06 |
JP4542892B2 (en) | 2010-09-15 |
DE10226488A1 (en) | 2003-12-24 |
US7221160B2 (en) | 2007-05-22 |
US20060061360A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
EP1523687A1 (en) | 2005-04-20 |
AU2003236949A1 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
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