WO2004017046A1 - Device and method for diluting a sample - Google Patents
Device and method for diluting a sample Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004017046A1 WO2004017046A1 PCT/GB2003/003569 GB0303569W WO2004017046A1 WO 2004017046 A1 WO2004017046 A1 WO 2004017046A1 GB 0303569 W GB0303569 W GB 0303569W WO 2004017046 A1 WO2004017046 A1 WO 2004017046A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sample
- mixer
- diluent
- conduit
- analyser
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
- Y10T436/25625—Dilution
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
- Y10T436/2575—Volumetric liquid transfer
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method and apparatus for diluting a sample before it is tested or analysed, or for any other reason.
- the invention is described herein with reference to liquid samples which require dilution before they are analysed in a mass spectrometer. However, the invention is not limited to liquid samples or mass spectroscopy and can equally apply to dissolved or suspended samples and any other test or analysis equipment.
- ICP-MS Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers
- ICP-MS Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers
- Test laboratories are often required to analyse many samples quickly where the matrix content of each sample varies widely. Typically, the user would wish to dilute each sample by a certain amount to determine the analytes present in each sample, and whether the sample can be analysed undiluted. If dilution is required, this initial test provides an indication of the dilution factor necessary to bring the total dissolved solids down to a level tolerated by the instrument .
- a sample 12 is drawn from a container by a sample pump 14 to a mixing tube 16.
- a diluent 18 is drawn by a diluent pump 20 to the mixing tube 16 from a separate diluent container.
- the sample is diluted in the mixing tube where it is completely mixed with diluent.
- An instrument pump 22 draws the diluted sample from the mixing tube and into the instrument or analyser, not shown in figure 1. Both the sample and diluent pumps have to be able to maintain accurately flow rates to ensure the sample is diluted precisely.
- peristaltic pumps are used to pump the sample, diluent and diluted sample through the dilution system.
- dilutions ratios typically 50:1 of diluent to sample are used for mass spectroscopy.
- the diluent pump rate is typically fifty times greater than the sample pump rate.
- Peristaltic pumps have a limited range of flow rates and the sample and diluent pumps often operate at the extremes of their flow rate range. Also, the limited flow rate for peristaltic pumps limits the dilution factor by which the sample can be diluted.
- the rate at which the diluted sample enters the instrument depends on the type of instrument being used but is relatively low and typically a few millilitres per minute.
- the combined flow rates of the sample and diluent pumps exceeds the instrument pump flow rate. This is because all the pumps have a relatively similar range of flow rates in which they can operate.
- the dilution pump 20 must be operating at a high flow rate which typically exceeds the acceptable flow rate of the analysis instrument. It is, therefore, necessary to provide a waste outlet 24 to prevent build up of pressure in the system; excess diluted sample not pumped to the instrument flows to a waste container 26.
- syringe pumps require the syringe to draw up the fluid (be it the sample or diluent) before it is pumped to the analysis instrument.
- a series of valves is therefore required to ensure the correct flow of fluid through the system.
- the additional time required to draw the fluid into the syringe limits the laboratory's (or analysis instrument's) ability to test many samples over a period of time.
- the time required to control the valves further limits the throughput of test samples, and extra control algorithms may be necessary for the system controller to control the valves, further increasing system complexity.
- FIG. 2 Another automated pumping system 28 known in the art is shown in figure 2 in highly schematic form.
- Sample 29 is pumped along a first pipe 30 by a syringe pump 31 to fill the syringe (not shown) .
- a valve 32 is closed to prevent fluid entering the syringe from the pump discharge pipe 33.
- the valve is opened and the syringe plunger driven at a constant rate to provide a flow of sample along pipe 33 in the general direction indicated by arrow Z.
- a one way valve in the pump prevents the sample from flowing back to the container 29 during the phase sample flow along pipe 33.
- a mixing region 34 of the pipe is defined by a second pipe 35 adjoining pipe 33 in a generally "T" or "Y" shaped configuration.
- the instrument pump system for example, a nebuliser
- an uncontrolled pressure drop is produced in pipe 35.
- This flow rate is a combination of a controlled flow of solution from the syringe pump, and an uncontrolled flow of diluent along pipe 35.
- the inability to control the flow of diluent results in an uncontrolled dilution factor.
- US 4,245,509 describes a sampling apparatus which uses syringe pumps to pump fluids through a mixing region. Each syringe is arranged so that each of the syringe's plungers are moved at the same rate. Thus, a difference in flow rates of fluid flowing from each syringe is only controlled by changing syringe diameter and/or tube diameter.
- US 2002/0011437 Al describes a liquid chromatograph system which controls a mixing ratio of two liquids by independently controlling the flow rate of two pumping devices, each of which pumps a different liquid, before the liquids reach a mixing region.
- a pumping device for supplying a diluted sample to an analyser, comprising: a mixer arranged to mix a sample with a diluent to form the diluted sample, said mixer being disposed between a first and a second conduit such that, in use, a sample enters the mixer through the first conduit at a first flow rate and a diluent enters the mixer through the second conduit at a second flow rate, the mixer being arranged so that said diluted sample exits the mixer through a third conduit at a third flow rate, said third flow rate being substantially equal to the sum of the first and second flow rates; pump means for pumping fluid through the mixer and into the analyser; and a pump controller arranged to receive data from the analyser indicative of the amount by which the sample is diluted and to control the pump means so that any of the first, second or third flow rates
- a method for diluting a sample prior to analysis in an analyser using a pump system comprising a first pump means, a diluent for diluting the sample, a mixer for mixing the sample and diluent, a first conduit disposed between a sample container and the mixer, a second conduit disposed between a diluent container and the mixer, and a third conduit disposed between the mixer and the analyser, wherein the pump means draws sample through the mixer, so that the flow rate of diluted sample along the third conduit is substantially the sum of the flow rate of diluent along the second conduit and the flow rate of sample along the first conduit, and a controller controls the pumps means to adjust the first, second or third flow rates with respect to one another.
- the embodiments have an advantage of reducing system complexity, increasing dilution factor range over which the system can operate acceptably, increasing sample throughput, and decreasing operator intervention.
- Providing a feedback of data from the analyser to the pump controller can provide near instantaneous automatic control of the amount by which the sample is diluted. This reduces the need for operator intervention, for instance, and can greatly improve the time efficiency of the analyser.
- Embodiments of the present invention have a further advantage of a reduced number of pumps required to dilute the sample accurately before it is analysed with a substantial improvement to the range of dilution factors.
- the pump system and the dilution factor can be more easily controlled to better accuracy levels.
- the time taken to change samples for dilution is greatly reduced using embodiments of the present invention, thus increasing the number samples which might be tested by an analyser. Also, virtually no diluent is wasted during normal operation.
- a further aspect of the present invention resides in the method further including: i) replacing the sample container with the another sample container containing a second sample: ii) varying the first rate to substantially the third rate for a predetermined time; and iii) after the predetermined time, reducing to first rate so that the sample is diluted by a dilution factor; wherein the predetermined time is substantially the time taken for the second sample to be transferred from the another container to the mixer at the first rate.
- This further aspect has the advantage of substantially reducing the time taken to exchange samples for dilution and hence increases the number of samples which can be tested or analysed over a given time period.
- the present invention provides an additional method for diluting a sample, using a pump system comprising, a first pump means, a second pump means, a diluent for diluting the sample, a mixer for mixing the sample and diluent, a first pipe disposed between a sample container and the mixer, a second pipe disposed between a diluent container and the mixer, and a third pipe disposed between the mixer and the analyser, the first pump means being arranged to pump the sample or the diluent at a first or second flow rate along the first or second pipe respectively, to the mixer, the second pump means being arranged to pump the diluent or diluted sample at a second or third flow rate along the second or third pipe to the mixer or analyser respectively: the method comprising; a) pumping the diluted sample between the mixer and the analyser at the third rate; b) pumping the sample at an initial rate for a predetermined time; c) after the predetermined time, reducing the initial rate to the first rate;
- the present invention provides a yet further method supplying a diluted sample to an analyser for analysis, comprising; diluting a sample by mixing said sample with a diluent in a mixer, pumping said diluted sample to the analyser from the mixer, and controlling the dilution factor by which the sample is diluted by controlling the flow rate of the sample and/or diluent to the mixer, wherein the controlling of the dilution factor step is carried out in response to data received by a pump controller from the analyser .
- Embodiments of the invention have further advantages of substantially reducing the operator intervention, and increase the sample throughput rate.
- the embodiments aim to provide automated dilution of the sample at a consistent and safe level before the sample is introduced into the analyser. Dilution of the sample to a safe level also has the advantage of allowing the required precision of analysis to be carried out on trace levels within the sample by automatic dilution of the sample.
- the sample throughput can also be increased by a relatively rapid introduction of new (or different) sample solutions up to the mixing region by controlling the flow rate of the sample uptake.
- the cost of diluting samples can be reduced by reducing the amount of diluent used by the dilution system; only the volume of diluent required to dilute the sample to a required safe level can be consumed and little or no diluent is wasted. (By 'safe level', we mean a dilution factor necessary to avoid contamination of the analysis instrumentation.)
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a pump system known in the art and described above
- figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a pump system known in the art and described above
- figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another pump system embodying the present invention.
- a pump system 50 embodying the present invention is shown in schematic form.
- a sample 52 to be analysed is drawn from a container by a first pump 54 along a first pipe 56 to a mixing section 58.
- the end of the first pipe at which the sample enters the system is completely submersed in the sample to ensure no air enters the system.
- the first pipe 56 is joined to a second pipe 60 to form a single pipe 62.
- the mixer is a "Y" or “T” configured junction in the tubing or pipes. Other, more complex arrangements of pipe joints might be used which ensure thorough mixing of the fluids entering the mixing region from the first and second pipes.
- the exit of the mixing section comprises a single pipe 62 disposed between the mixing section and a second pump 64 which pumps fluid from the mixing section to an instrument (not shown) for analysis.
- Mixing of the sample and diluent to form a diluted sample takes place at the interface of the first, second and third pipes. Additional mixing might also occur for some length along the third pipe from the mixer to the analyser. Mixing occurs as a function of the turbulent flow of the sample and diluent at the junction and possibly along the third pipe, and also by diffusion of the two fluids. In this embodiment, mixing may also occur as the fluid passes through the second pump on the third pipe, particularly if the second pump is a peristaltic pump.
- the first pump is preferably a piston type pump, similar to the milliGAT pump head supplied by Global FIA Inc. (described in US6,079,313) .
- This type of pump allows a much greater range of flow rates, compared to peristaltic pumps for instance, and can operate to continuously pump relatively large or small volumes of sample at a constant, or varying flow rate, as desired. Furthermore, this type of pump can operate at very low flow rates (typically in the region of micro litres per minute) with the accuracy and precision required for ICPMS applications.
- This piston pump system does not suffer the disadvantages associated with the prior art systems described previously.
- the second pump may be the same type as the first pump, or, if appropriate, may be a (much cheaper) peristaltic pump. Of course, the first and second pumps are operable at different flow rates with respect to one another, and independently of each other.
- a diluent 66 is drawn from a diluent container 67, up the second pipe 60 to the mixing section 58 where it mixes with the sample, and hence dilutes the sample.
- the end of the second pipe at which the diluent enters the system is completely submersed in the diluent to ensure air does not enter the system.
- the flow from the mixer to the instrument of the diluted sample is accurately controlled by the second pump 64 at Flow 3; the second pump is also controlled by the controller 55.
- Flow 3 is kept constant by the second pump 64, hence the rate of arrival of diluted sample of the instrument is constant. Varying the flow rate of the first pump therefore changes the dilution factor D by which the sample is diluted, where
- This data can be fed to the controller 55 for real time adjustment of the dilution factor, depending on the analysis results. For instance, if the analyte signal is too weak, the dilution factor may need to be reduced. Moreover, the instrument may not be able to measure analyte concentration with the required accuracy if the analyte signal is too intense (in which case the sample may require further dilution by a factor D 2 ) . Flow rate information or data can be passed from the pumps (or any flow meters - not shown) back to the controller for use by the controller. Therefore, it is possible for the controller to change the dilution factor (if necessary) having regard for the analyser results. For example, if the results show too much matrix remains in the diluted sample for accurate analysis, the controller can reduce the first pump's flow rate, thereby increasing the dilution factor, as described previously.
- D 2 can be calculated by comparing the matrix signal from the analyser with a pre-determined maximum level used for providing adequately accurate results.
- the new dilution factor D 2 is achieved by adjusting Flow 1 of the first pump 54.
- the dilution factor can be controlled in real time as analysis results are made available from the analyser.
- the throughput of the instrument can be greatly improved and less intervention from a human operator is required.
- the inlet of the analyser can be prevented from becoming contaminated with matrix materials, thus reducing the downtime necessary for cleaning the instrument .
- the first pump 54 pumps the new sample from a container at a rate just less than, or substantially equal to, Flow 3 for a period of TI .
- the period TI is calculated so that the new sample completely fills the first pipe from the mixer 58 to the first pump 54, using the equation
- V is the volume of the tubing 56 from the sample uptake to the mixer, including any volume occupied by the sample within the first pump 54.
- the flow rate of the first pump is reduced, thus initiating dilution of the sample by a dilution factor, as previously described.
- the time taken for the diluted new sample to reach the analysis instrumentation can be calculated, knowing the volume of pipe from the mixer to the analysis instrument, including any volume occupied by the diluted sample in the second pump 64.
- the instrument can be programmed to start the analysis of the new sample only when the pump system has 'purged' itself of any previous samples which may have remained in the pumps or tubing.
- the second pump is disposed between the diluent container and the mixing region.
- the pump controller is capable of finely balancing the flow rate of each pump so that the flow of fluid to the analysis instrument remains constant .
- the instrument (or diluent) pump can be stopped until the new sample has been pumped to the junction in the mixer, at which point the diluent pump rate can be rapidly ramped up so that the new sample is diluted and pumped to the analyser for analysis.
- the first flow rate is reduced so as to keep the flow to analyser constant .
- a further embodiment includes an arrangement where the first pump is disposed on the second pipe with the second pump being between the mixer and the analyser.
- Another embodiment is provided by an arrangement where a single pump is disposed between the mixer and analyser and one, or both of the flow rates in the first or second pipe is controlled by at least one valve, or variable constriction.
- the valve, or valves can be controlled by the pump controller, or a separate valve controller in communication with the pump controller.
- the pump systems described above are in a 'closed' configuration, by which we mean the sample and diluent are contained in the system from the input to the output; there is no waste pipe (as provided by the prior art) .
- the equations above are maintained during operation. It is therefore important to make sure the diluent and the sample do not run out during operation to prevent air entering the system.
- the tubing or pipe components of the pump system 50 should be made of suitably rigid materials to prevent expansion or contraction under any pressure. Such expansion or contraction is undesirable since it effects the volume V occupied by the sample, diluent and diluted sample. The expansion and contraction can be tolerated if their extent is determinable or predictable.
- the mixer should preferably be designed to ensure full mixing of the sample and diluent by creating a turbulent flow in the mixing region of the pipe .
- the first and second pumps should provide a substantially continuous flow, without any pulsing.
- the flow rate from each pump can be determined by using independent flow meters disposed fore or aft of the respective pump, with an appropriate feedback loop to the pump controller.
- the dilution factor can be measured using an internal standard.
- An appropriate software programme can be used by the controller to automate the dilution of the samples and change-over from one sample to the next, as described above.
- the controller might comprise a desktop PC with appropriate input and output devices to monitor and control the pumps, using an appropriate software programme .
- An alternative method of determining the dilution factor can include "spiking" or "lacing" the sample solution with a known substance at a known concentration level.
- the spike is often referred to as an Internal Standard.
- the known substances should be one which is not present in the sample or diluent before the spike is added.
- Such known substances might include Rhodium or Indium, for example.
- the sample can be spiked with 100 parts per billion (ppb) concentration levels of Rhodium and 10 ppb of Indium.
- the diluent is not spiked with Rhodium, but is spiked with indium at a concentration level of lOppb.
- the Rhodium concentration is 2ppb (after dilution) .
- the Indium internal standard is still at a concentration level of 10 ppb as both the sample and diluent contain 10 ppb of indium.
- Rhodium concentration varies if there is an instability in the dilution (such instability might be caused by an air bubble in the mixer, or by inconsistent mixing of sample with the diluent, for example) .
- the Rhodium concentration levels might read 1.2 ppb, followed by 1.99 ppb on the next batch and 2.0 ppb on the last batch. This leads to a mean value of 1.73 ppb, or a 13.5% error of the expected dilution factor of 50:1.
- a correction for each batch can be made by scaling the values for each batch; the scaling factor for the first batch would be 2/1.2, the scaling factor for the second batch would be 2/1.99 and the scaling factor for the third batch would be 2/2.0.
- spiking the diluent and sample with Indium having the same levels of concentration is advantageous, particularly in a situation where the sample is pumped to the mixer and fluid in the mixer is pumped to the instrument, but diluent is not actively pumped to the mixer (i.e., there is no pump on the line between the diluent vessel and the mixer, so the flow of diluent is related to the relative flows of the sample pump and instrument pump) .
- the indium spike can also be used to detect and/or determine any variations which might occur in the sample ionisation process.
- ICP-MS the ionisation occurs in a plasma torch, and variations in the torch's consistency or plasma condition can be detected by the levels of indium detected in the mass spectrum. This is so because indium concentration levels should always be lOppb, but if less than this concentration is detected then a correction can be made to factor into the result inconsistencies in ion formation, for instance.
- Embodiments of the present invention can be used with an automated sample dispenser, or the like. Furthermore, embodiments can be used with any type of analysis instrumentation, such as a chromatographic instrument.
- samples used by embodiments of the present invention include drinking water, waste water, sea water, dilute acids, urine, blood, spinal fluid, dissolved solid or gaseous samples, or the like. These examples are by no means exclusive, and any liquid sample which requires analysis can be diluted prior to entering the analyser by a system which embodies the present invention.
- an appropriate diluent is required for different samples and the choice of diluent for a given sample does not form part of the present invention.
- the diluent may be de-ionised water, ethanol or the like, but whatever is most suitable depending on the sample being analysed.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2493807A CA2493807C (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2003-08-14 | Device and method for diluting a sample |
JP2004528676A JP4879485B2 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2003-08-14 | Sample dilution apparatus and sample dilution method |
EP03787898.0A EP1540306B1 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2003-08-14 | Device and method for diluting a sample |
US10/524,382 US7998434B2 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2003-08-14 | Device and method for diluting a sample |
AU2003255795A AU2003255795B2 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2003-08-14 | Device and method for diluting a sample |
US13/111,588 US8758703B2 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2011-05-19 | Device and method for diluting a sample |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0218946.2 | 2002-08-14 | ||
GBGB0218946.2A GB0218946D0 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2002-08-14 | Diluting a sample |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10524382 A-371-Of-International | 2003-08-14 | ||
US13/111,588 Division US8758703B2 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2011-05-19 | Device and method for diluting a sample |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004017046A1 true WO2004017046A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
Family
ID=9942335
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2003/003569 WO2004017046A1 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2003-08-14 | Device and method for diluting a sample |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7998434B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1540306B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4879485B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100523775C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003255795B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2493807C (en) |
GB (1) | GB0218946D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004017046A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006292508A (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2006-10-26 | Hitachi High-Tech Science Systems Corp | Mass spectrometry apparatus |
WO2007023705A1 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2007-03-01 | Ias Inc. | Solution feeding device |
US7921804B2 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2011-04-12 | Amarante Technologies, Inc. | Plasma generating nozzle having impedance control mechanism |
US8035057B2 (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2011-10-11 | Amarante Technologies, Inc. | Microwave plasma nozzle with enhanced plume stability and heating efficiency |
US8758703B2 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2014-06-24 | Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | Device and method for diluting a sample |
CN104330530A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-04 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | Dissolved oxygen (DO) testing device and DO testing method |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8465697B2 (en) * | 2007-12-31 | 2013-06-18 | O.I. Corporation | System and method for regulating flow in fluidic devices |
WO2010099005A1 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-02 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Automated dilution for liquid chromatography |
CN101576494B (en) * | 2009-04-09 | 2010-09-29 | 广州大学 | Method for eliminating measurement errors of hydride-generation atomic fluorescence method |
CN103201620B (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2016-04-06 | Atonarp株式会社 | Ion transfer arrangement |
JP2012083188A (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-04-26 | Ias Inc | Automatic adjustment apparatus for analysis liquid |
DE102011075762A1 (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-11-15 | Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG | Analyzer for the automated determination of a measured variable of a measuring liquid |
US9239581B1 (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2016-01-19 | Elemental Scientific, Inc. | Variable online dilution |
US20130112862A1 (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-09 | Acme Analytical Laboratories Ltd. | System and method for dilution of a sample for introduction to a quantitative analysis apparatus |
EP2920596A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2015-09-23 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Sample dilution to specifiable dilution ratio |
EP2934730B1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2019-09-25 | Leica Biosystems Melbourne Pty Ltd | Method of producing a reagent on-board an instrument |
CN103091152B (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2015-07-29 | 广州伊创仪器有限公司 | For automatic dilution system and the automatic dilution method of in-line analyzer |
US9658143B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-05-23 | Elemental Scientific, Inc. | Offline mixing |
WO2014176167A2 (en) | 2013-04-23 | 2014-10-30 | Sterling Healthcare Opco, Llc | Systems and methods to determine body drug concentration from an oral fluid |
DE102014106918A1 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG | Method and apparatus for the automated execution of affinity-based assays |
WO2015023283A1 (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2015-02-19 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | System and method for changing proppant concentration |
JP6615764B2 (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2019-12-04 | ディーエイチ テクノロジーズ デベロップメント プライベート リミテッド | System and method for delivering a liquid to an ion source |
CN103852369B (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2017-05-17 | 深圳市清时捷科技有限公司 | Diluting device and method |
CN104091753B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-08-03 | 蒋万枫 | Mass spectrograph ionic environment on-line control System and method for |
US9733158B1 (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2017-08-15 | Elemental Scientific, Inc. | Dilution into a transfer line between valves for mass spectrometry |
JP6717086B2 (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2020-07-01 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Particle measuring device |
US9928346B1 (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-03-27 | Keith Schofield | Test panel to measure blood neurotoxin levels in prematernal women and for the general public in relation to mental disorders of the aging |
CN106769371B (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-05-17 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | A kind of solution automatic dilution device and method |
GB201705280D0 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-05-17 | Ge Healthcare Bio Sciences Ab | Methods for preparing a dilution series |
CN107096412A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-08-29 | 广州新浪爱拓化工机械有限公司 | AES dilutes integrated system |
US10900984B2 (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2021-01-26 | Beckman Coulter, Inc. | Diluent preparation modules and units |
WO2019191685A1 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-03 | Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of The University Of Arizona | Workstation for automated control of an in vitro system |
CN112262316A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2021-01-22 | 富鲁达加拿大公司 | Stable cell collection for elemental analysis |
US20200255792A1 (en) * | 2019-02-11 | 2020-08-13 | Lonza Ltd. | Buffer Formulation Method and System |
CN112525660A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-19 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | Automatic sampling, sample reserving and concentration proportioning device based on micro volume |
CN114235545B (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-13 | 山东东润仪表科技股份有限公司 | High-precision sample introduction system and use method thereof |
WO2024013650A1 (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2024-01-18 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | A sample delivery system for an analytical instrument |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4245509A (en) | 1979-03-16 | 1981-01-20 | Instrumentation Laboratory Inc. | Sampling apparatus |
US4441374A (en) * | 1979-10-17 | 1984-04-10 | Olympus Optical Co. Ltd. | Device for diluting liquid sample |
EP0118815A1 (en) * | 1983-03-02 | 1984-09-19 | Vladimir P. Kosizkij | Atomic absorption spectrophotometer with feedback |
US4804519A (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1989-02-14 | Thermo Jarrell Ash Corporation | Sample analysis apparatus |
US5237385A (en) * | 1991-09-18 | 1993-08-17 | Thermo Jarrell Ash Corporation | Sample processing |
US6211956B1 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2001-04-03 | Particle Sizing Systems, Inc. | Automatic dilution system for high-resolution particle size analysis |
US20020011437A1 (en) | 2000-06-05 | 2002-01-31 | Katsuaki Kaito | Liquid chromatograph |
Family Cites Families (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS52119502U (en) * | 1976-03-10 | 1977-09-10 | ||
JPS5916105B2 (en) | 1976-03-31 | 1984-04-13 | 日本酸素株式会社 | liquid pump |
DE3030396C2 (en) * | 1980-08-12 | 1984-09-20 | Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer & Co GmbH, 7770 Überlingen | Device for automatically feeding samples to the measuring loop of a liquid chromatograph |
JPS6146233A (en) | 1984-08-13 | 1986-03-06 | Hitachi Ltd | Stabilizing apparatus of mixing ratio |
GB2172713B (en) | 1985-03-22 | 1988-12-21 | Philips Nv | Spectrometer |
EP0245309B1 (en) * | 1985-11-07 | 1991-07-10 | Ionode Pty. Ltd. | Analytic apparatus and method |
DE3650409T2 (en) * | 1985-11-07 | 1996-02-29 | Bifok Ab | Sample delivery system for non-segmented continuous flow analysis. |
US4794806A (en) * | 1987-02-13 | 1989-01-03 | Nicoli David F | Automatic dilution system |
DE3720477A1 (en) | 1987-06-20 | 1988-12-29 | Bayer Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING TRIPHENDIOXAZINE COMPOUNDS |
US4790454A (en) | 1987-07-17 | 1988-12-13 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Self-contained apparatus for admixing a plurality of liquids |
US4836038A (en) | 1988-03-18 | 1989-06-06 | Aim Instruments Ltd. | Automated sampler-injector apparatus and method for sampling a quantity of sample and testing portions of said quantity |
GB8817456D0 (en) | 1988-07-22 | 1988-08-24 | Ici Plc | Flow injection analysis |
US5007297A (en) | 1988-12-06 | 1991-04-16 | Pacific Scientific Company | Particle size measuring system with automatic dilution of sample |
JP2834224B2 (en) | 1989-10-18 | 1998-12-09 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Sample analyzer by liquid chromatography |
US5221521A (en) * | 1990-07-26 | 1993-06-22 | Kanzaki Paper Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Sample liquid dilution system for analytical measurements |
US5355214A (en) | 1990-08-31 | 1994-10-11 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Flow control device |
US5664938A (en) * | 1992-03-05 | 1997-09-09 | Yang; Frank Jiann-Fu | Mixing apparatus for microflow gradient pumping |
US5324924A (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1994-06-28 | Symbol Technologies, Inc. | Bar code decoder with changeable working ranges |
AU5407994A (en) | 1992-10-30 | 1994-05-24 | Cetac Technologies Incorporated | Method for particulate reagent sample treatment |
US5414259A (en) | 1994-01-05 | 1995-05-09 | Duquesne University Of The Holy Ghost | Method of speciated isotope dilution mass spectrometry |
GB2285837B (en) | 1994-01-24 | 1998-05-13 | Varian Australia | Peristaltic pump |
FI116700B (en) | 1994-04-28 | 2006-01-31 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Continuous flow analysis method and device |
JP3572792B2 (en) | 1996-04-04 | 2004-10-06 | 東ソー株式会社 | Pretreatment device |
US5988987A (en) | 1996-08-28 | 1999-11-23 | Fia Solutions, Inc. | Method for merging and/or ratio blending aliquant |
SE507956C2 (en) * | 1996-11-20 | 1998-08-03 | Medonic Ab | Dilution and measuring device for particle counting |
SE508083C2 (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 1998-08-24 | Patrik Kaellback | Method and equipment for determining the content of a solute in a liquid |
JPH116788A (en) * | 1997-06-17 | 1999-01-12 | Yokogawa Analytical Syst Kk | Method and device for automatic preparation of solution |
JPH11326302A (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-11-26 | Shimadzu Corp | Liquid chromatograph mass spectroscope |
US6324924B1 (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2001-12-04 | Roger Peterson | Sampling system including a sample additive mixing feature |
JP2000292318A (en) | 1999-04-07 | 2000-10-20 | Yokogawa Analytical Systems Inc | High-speed collecting method of sample and high-speed diluting device using it |
US6974951B1 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2005-12-13 | Metara, Inc. | Automated in-process ratio mass spectrometry |
CA2434094A1 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2002-08-08 | Metara, Inc. | Automated in-process isotope and mass spectrometry |
GB0218949D0 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2002-09-25 | Thermo Electron Corp | Pumping and diluting a sample for analysis |
GB0218946D0 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2002-09-25 | Thermo Electron Corp | Diluting a sample |
-
2002
- 2002-08-14 GB GBGB0218946.2A patent/GB0218946D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-08-14 EP EP03787898.0A patent/EP1540306B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-14 CN CNB038192624A patent/CN100523775C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-14 JP JP2004528676A patent/JP4879485B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-14 US US10/524,382 patent/US7998434B2/en active Active
- 2003-08-14 WO PCT/GB2003/003569 patent/WO2004017046A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-08-14 AU AU2003255795A patent/AU2003255795B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-08-14 CA CA2493807A patent/CA2493807C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-05-19 US US13/111,588 patent/US8758703B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4245509A (en) | 1979-03-16 | 1981-01-20 | Instrumentation Laboratory Inc. | Sampling apparatus |
US4441374A (en) * | 1979-10-17 | 1984-04-10 | Olympus Optical Co. Ltd. | Device for diluting liquid sample |
EP0118815A1 (en) * | 1983-03-02 | 1984-09-19 | Vladimir P. Kosizkij | Atomic absorption spectrophotometer with feedback |
US4804519A (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1989-02-14 | Thermo Jarrell Ash Corporation | Sample analysis apparatus |
US5237385A (en) * | 1991-09-18 | 1993-08-17 | Thermo Jarrell Ash Corporation | Sample processing |
US6211956B1 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2001-04-03 | Particle Sizing Systems, Inc. | Automatic dilution system for high-resolution particle size analysis |
US20020011437A1 (en) | 2000-06-05 | 2002-01-31 | Katsuaki Kaito | Liquid chromatograph |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
HUANG C-C YANG M-H: "Automated online sample pretreatment system for the determination of trace metals in biological samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry", ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. COLUMBUS, US, vol. 69, no. 19, 1 October 1997 (1997-10-01), pages 3930 - 3939, XP002955756, ISSN: 0003-2700 * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8758703B2 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2014-06-24 | Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | Device and method for diluting a sample |
US8035057B2 (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2011-10-11 | Amarante Technologies, Inc. | Microwave plasma nozzle with enhanced plume stability and heating efficiency |
JP2006292508A (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2006-10-26 | Hitachi High-Tech Science Systems Corp | Mass spectrometry apparatus |
JP4566800B2 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2010-10-20 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | Mass spectrometer |
WO2007023705A1 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2007-03-01 | Ias Inc. | Solution feeding device |
US8453524B2 (en) | 2005-08-25 | 2013-06-04 | Ias Inc. | Solution feeding device |
US7921804B2 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2011-04-12 | Amarante Technologies, Inc. | Plasma generating nozzle having impedance control mechanism |
CN104330530A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-04 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | Dissolved oxygen (DO) testing device and DO testing method |
CN104330530B (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-18 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | A kind of DO determination device and assay method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4879485B2 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
CN100523775C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
EP1540306A1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
AU2003255795A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
CA2493807A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
CA2493807C (en) | 2015-03-03 |
US8758703B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 |
US20060127237A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
AU2003255795B2 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
EP1540306B1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
GB0218946D0 (en) | 2002-09-25 |
US20110290996A1 (en) | 2011-12-01 |
CN1675529A (en) | 2005-09-28 |
JP2005535894A (en) | 2005-11-24 |
US7998434B2 (en) | 2011-08-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AU2003255795B2 (en) | Device and method for diluting a sample | |
US20060104827A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for pumping and diluting a sample | |
US5246026A (en) | Fluid measuring, dilution and delivery system | |
KR100406660B1 (en) | Apparatus for blending chemical and diluent liquids | |
US8465697B2 (en) | System and method for regulating flow in fluidic devices | |
US20150177743A1 (en) | Gradient solution sending apparatus | |
KR101580451B1 (en) | Apparatus for preparing chemical composition using continuous mixer | |
US20030174306A1 (en) | Dilution apparatus and method of diluting a liquid sample | |
JP2007514948A (en) | Method and system for analyzing a liquid sample | |
JP2002511613A (en) | Chemical process automatic control system | |
JP2869158B2 (en) | Automatic sample introduction method and automatic sample introduction device | |
US20240035947A1 (en) | Density gradient liquid production apparatus, density gradient liquid production method, particle diameter distribution measurement system, and particle diameter distribution measurement method | |
EP0412046A2 (en) | Method of measuring a component in a liquid | |
JP2000042390A (en) | Liquid diluting device | |
JP7459135B2 (en) | electrolyte analyzer | |
WO2024013650A1 (en) | A sample delivery system for an analytical instrument | |
EP0385026A2 (en) | Diluting apparatus and method | |
JP2011069675A (en) | Control method in reaction liquid chromatograph apparatus, reaction liquid chromatograph apparatus, and amino acid analyzer | |
CN117110014A (en) | Gas dilution sampling device | |
JPH08136450A (en) | Chemical composition monitoring method and its device | |
US20040261818A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for determining liquid flow rate | |
JPH04212064A (en) | Continuous flow system analysis device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2003787898 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 20038192624 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2493807 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004528676 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2003787898 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2003255795 Country of ref document: AU |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2006127237 Country of ref document: US Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10524382 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10524382 Country of ref document: US |