WO2004051178A2 - An apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar - Google Patents
An apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004051178A2 WO2004051178A2 PCT/US2003/038184 US0338184W WO2004051178A2 WO 2004051178 A2 WO2004051178 A2 WO 2004051178A2 US 0338184 W US0338184 W US 0338184W WO 2004051178 A2 WO2004051178 A2 WO 2004051178A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bar
- image
- light
- line
- belt
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/952—Inspecting the exterior surface of cylindrical bodies or wires
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/08—Optical fibres; light guides
- G01N2201/0826—Fibre array at source, distributing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/08—Optical fibres; light guides
- G01N2201/084—Fibres for remote transmission
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to an imaging system that can image the surface details of a workpiece, such as a rolled drawn metal bar.
- Such metal bar is different than a metal slab, bloom, or strip (hereafter referenced as Metal Flat) in that the cross section of such a bar has a smaller circumference/cross- section-area ratio such that the bar may rotate/twist about a longitudinal axis while moving forward longitudinally.
- the bar shapes shown in Figure 2 have a ratio of circumference to cross-sectional-area that is equal to or smaller than 4.25 when the cross sectional area is unity for the given shape.
- the shape, when taken in cross section, of such a metal bar may be a round shape, an oval shape, or a polygonal shape, as shown as a hexagon, octagon or a square in Figure 2.
- a metal bar of this type is typically referred to as "long products” rather than “flat products” in the related industries.
- Rolling, drawing, extrusion and the like as used in this disclosure and hereafter referenced as a Reducing Process, describe the ways for reducing the cross sectional dimensions of the metal workpiece through mechanical contact of the applicable tools, such as rollers and drawing dies, and the workpiece. These Reducing Processes are generally continuous, or substantially continuous, in nature.
- the temperature can be as high as 1,100° C, preventing the use of many inspection technologies.
- the traveling speed of such a metal bar as described above can be, presently, as fast as 100 m/s, several times faster than the speed of the fastest metal strip and nearly 100 times faster than a metal slab or bloom. Further, speed increases are expected in the near future in the range of 150 m/s to 200 m/s. Conventional inspection approaches simply cannot accommodate such high traveling speeds.
- a high temperature metal bar such as described above is typically confined in a sectional conduit so that the bar will not cobble. Cobbling is an incident wherein a hot, high speed metal bar runs freely outside the conduit. The space, therefore, for any inspection device is extremely limited.
- Figure 4 illustrates the differences of applying illumination and of capturing images on a flat workpiece versus a round workpiece.
- the freedom in optical alignment and optical working ranges disappears when the object of interest does not have a flat surface.
- the image line and the illumination line may not overlap if the light or the camera is tilted, as shown in exemplary fashion in Figure 4.
- metal bars typically are at a higher temperature than Metal Flats. Heat dissipation of an object is proportional to the area exposed to the cooling media, such as ambient air or water spray.
- the area of a Metal Flat is several times larger than that of a metal bar, assuming both the flat and the bar are made of the same material and both have the same longitudinal unit density and cross section area.
- Eddy-current based sensing systems are used for the detection of surface imperfections in the Reducing Process for in-line inspection.
- This approach has a high response rate, able to work in a high throughput production line environment (e.g., one kilometer of hot steel bars per minute).
- a high throughput production line environment e.g., one kilometer of hot steel bars per minute.
- this approach has several drawbacks. First, it must be very close to the hot surface (typically less than 2.5 mm).
- induction heating and infrared imaging are based on the fact that induction current is only formed on the surface of the metal bar, and the surface defects on the metal bar will result in higher electrical resistance. Therefore, the spots with surface defects will heat up faster than other areas.
- timing time to take images
- infrared sensors are not available for very high data rates and therefore cannot support metal bars with high traveling speed.
- inspection is possible after manufacture of the metal bars. However, post- manufacturing inspection often is not possible because the product is so long and coiled up, making the bar surfaces not accessible for cold inspection technologies.
- the present invention is directed to solving one or more of the problems associated with conventional metal bar inspection systems as well as problems associated with applying metal flat inspection systems to metal bars for non-destructive inspection of surface defects on metal bars through the use of an imaging system.
- One advantage of the present invention is that it may be effectively employed in the production of metal bars with the aforementioned characteristics, namely, those that may be at a manufacturing temperature, perhaps even hot enough to produce self-emitted radiation, as well as those subject to rotation relative to a longitudinal axis and may potentially be traveling at a very high speed.
- Others advantages of the present invention include (i) effectively employed to image and detect defects on non-flat surfaces; (ii) use for inspecting metal bars regardless of its temperature; (iii) use for inspecting metal bars traveling at speeds at or faster than 100 m/s; (iv) providing an increased working distance to the metal bar surface, thus minimizing or eliminating the problems set forth in the Background for eddy- current based instruments; (v) providing an output comprising quantitative data with verifiable defective site images; (vi) inspection of the workpiece even before the scale forms on its surface; (vii) suitable for use in inspection at any stage (between the reducing stands or at the end of the line) in the reducing process, not affected by or relying upon transient effects; (viii) providing real-time or near real-time surface quality information; (ix) providing a system absent of any moving sensing heads, thus minimizing or eliminating the problems of moving components set forth in the Background; and (x) providing a system needing only very small gap (less than 50 mm) capable of operating between metal bar
- a system for imaging an elongate bar extending along a longitudinal axis.
- the system includes an image acquisition assembly, a line light assembly, and a computing unit.
- the image acquisition assembly has a field of view configured to image a first predetermined width over a circumference of a surface of the bar to define an image belt .
- the image acquisition assembly is further configured to produce image data corresponding to the acquired image belt.
- the line light assembly is configured to project a light line belt having a second predetermined width onto the surface of the bar.
- the light line assembly is disposed, for example by alignment, relative to the image acquisition assembly such that the image belt is within the light line belt.
- the light line assembly is further configured such that a light intensity is substantially uniform along the image belt when the light is collected by each of the image acquisition sensors.
- the computing unit is coupled to the image acquisition assembly and is configured to receive image data for a plurality of image belts acquired by the image acquisition assembly as the bar moves along the longitudinal axis.
- the computing unit is further configured to process the image data to detect predetermined surface features of the bar.
- the detected features are surface defects and the image acquisition assembly includes n digital cameras, where n is an integer 3 or greater, arranged so that a combined field of view of the cameras corresponds to the image belt.
- a method of imaging a metal bar is also presented.
- Figure 1 is a schematic and block diagram view of an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 are cross-sectional views of exemplary geometries for work pieces suitable for inspection by an embodiment according to the present invention.
- Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional geometry of a metal flat.
- Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a conventional lighting scheme as applied to a metal flat and a bar.
- Figure 5 are simplified perspective views illustrating a bar constrained during its travel by a conduit, and a gap between adjacent conduits in which an embodiment according to the invention may be situated.
- Figure 6 is a simplified plan view illustrating an imaging coverage on a metal bar using one camera.
- Figure 7 is a simplified plan view illustrating an imaging coverage on a metal bar with one camera and a telecentric lens.
- Figure 8 is a simplified plan view illustrating an arc length variation based on a projection of same size grids, such as a line of pixels, onto a bar profile.
- Figure 9 is a simplified plan view illustrating a lighting arrangement for a bar surface in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a simplified plan view further illustrating, in greater detail, the lighting arrangement of Figure 9.
- Figure 11 is a simplified perspective view of a metal bar in connection with which the lighting arrangement of the present invention is used.
- Figure 12 is a simplified plan view illustrating the lighting arrangement in the circumferential direction as directed toward a bar surface.
- Figure 13A illustrate a surface defect along with some surface noise.
- Figure 13B illustrates an exemplary result of an image processing step according to the invention as applied to the image of Figure 13 A.
- Figures 14A-14C illustrate examples of long surface defects that may be found on metal bars and which can be detected by an embodiment according to the present invention.
- Figures 15A-15C illustrate relatively short surface defects that may be found on metal bars and which can be detected by an embodiment according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a preferred embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 1 is a simplified schematic and block diagram of a system in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 1 shows line light assembly which may include at least one light source 2, a light conduit 4, a plurality of line lights 6 and a corresponding plurality of optical boosters 8.
- Figure 1 further shows a computing unit 10 and an image acquisition assembly that may include a plurality of cameras 12 each having a corresponding lens 14.
- a workpiece or object under inspection such as an elongated metal bar 16 extending along a longitudinal axis, is shown moving along its longitudinal direction 20 at a speed up to 100 m/s or faster while bar 16 is going through a reducing process.
- the metal bar 16 may be formed from one selected from the group comprising steel, stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, nickel, copper, bronze, or any other metal, and/or their alloys.
- the bar 16 may be solid or hollow. Typically such metal bar 16 is traveling inside a conduit, as shown in greater detail as conduit 24 in Figure 5, not shown in Figure 1.
- a gap 26, shown in Figure 5 is defined between two adjacent conduits 24, and is typically very small, for example between about 20 to 50 mm taken in the axial direction for high-speed transit of metal bars 16.
- metal bar 16 may be at an elevated temperature, for example as hot as 1,100° C for a hot rolling process.
- metal bar 16 given its geometry, is prone to twist/rotate about its longitudinal axis in the direction indicated by arrow 21 in Figure 1 when it travels in direction 20. This possibility for rotation has, among other items, presented problems for conventional imaging systems. As will be described in greater detail below, the present invention overcomes this problem to provide an imaging system that is robust to twisting and/or rotation.
- the imaging system includes an image acquisition assembly that preferably comprises n imaging cameras 12, wherein n is an integer 3 or greater.
- the parameter n is selected to be three or higher based on an analysis set forth below.
- Each camera 12 is arranged so as to cover a circumferential span of at least 120° in order to image the entire surface of bar 16. That is, the image acquisition assembly has a composite or combined field of view configured to image the entire circumference of the surface of the bar 16 to define an image belt 18.
- the image acquisition assembly is further configured to produce image data based on the image belt 18.
- a regular lens 14 associated with camera 12 will have a viewing angle (field of view) formed by the two tangential lines of sight 28 extending from a focal point of lens 14 to the surface of bar 16.
- This viewing angle when projected onto a non-flat surface, such as the one shown in Figure 6, will result in a circumferential coverage 30 that is less than 180° and will be insufficient to cover 360° with only two lens/camera units where the lens are not telecentric.
- Figure 7 shows an arrangement with a telecentric lens 14'.
- a true telecentric lens which collects lines of sight that are in parallel, even if used, would not practically provide for a two-lens/camera system because of arc length variation, hi particular, the lines of sight 28 are parallel with the addition of telecentric lens 14' to lens 14. hi this case, the circumferential coverage 30 is 360°.
- the entire surface of round shaped bar 16 can be covered using only two lens/camera units.
- a problem of non-uniform pixel sizes arises.
- the evenly spaced lines of sight 34 as derived from an evenly-spaced imaging sensor 32 having a plurality of pixels, can result in an uneven arc length 36 on the surface of bar 16, pixel-to-pixel. Even spacing is a very typical arrangement on an imaging sensor such as a CCD chip.
- the arc length 36 can be calculated using equation (1) as follows:
- ⁇ arcsin (y / r), in which y ⁇ r and r is the radius of the metal bar 16.
- ⁇ can be established at 60°.
- S the arc length 36 (at the 12 o'clock and 6 o'clock positions in Figure 8) is only 2p, an acceptable and controllable deterioration in image resolution.
- four cameras or five cameras, or even more may be used (i.e., the parameter n referred to above can be an integer equal to four, five or greater).
- All the lens 14/camera 12 combinations are preferably arranged such that all such lens/camera combinations are positioned along a circular path 22 that is concentric to the circular geometry of the exemplary metal bar 16 such that the working distances, the distance from each lens 14 to the nearest metal surface, are the same or nearly the same for all the lens/camera combinations.
- the path 22 may stay circular if the metal bar is non-circular, say a hexagon, for the purpose of generally serving the same manufacturing line.
- the path 22 can, if desired, be made to conform to the actual bar geometry.
- high data rate cameras 12 are preferably used.
- the cameras 12 in the system are thus preferably digital cameras, with digital outputs to computing unit 10.
- This digital output format is desirable to accommodate the harsh environment for signal fidelity.
- This digital format image signal may be received by the computing unit 10 through standard communication channels such as IEEE- 1394 (also known as Fire Wire), Camera Link or USB ports, or a special interface known as a frame grabber.
- Each camera 12 preferably is able to generate 10,000,000 (or 10 Mega) pixels per second such that a defect feature that is 0.025 mm x 0.5 mm can be identified. It should be appreciated, however, that to detect larger features, a reduced resolution, and hence reduced data rate (in pixels per second) would be required.
- Line scan cameras are preferred even though progressive (non-interlaced) area scan cameras can be used when the bar 16 is not traveling fast.
- Line scan cameras have an advantage over area scan cameras in that line scan cameras only require a line of illumination, instead of an area of illumination. This will simplify the illumination complexity caused by the non-flat surface.
- all the cameras in Figure 1 will be aligned such that their imaging lines will be forming a circumferential ring, an image belt 18, on bar 16. This alignment is necessary to address the issue of twist and/or rotation (item 21). If this alignment is not held, the twisting or rotating motion can result in incomplete coverage of the bar surface.
- each camera will have a lens 14 to collect light reflected from the bar surface.
- Telecentric lenses (lenses that collect parallel image light rays, as illustrated with Figure 7) are preferred for a more uniform arc length distribution, even though regular lenses can be used.
- cameras 12 may be configured to include a lens iris to control exposure, and further, preferably configured (if included) with the use of a predetermined lens iris setting for improved depth of focus/field in the application.
- the imaging system also includes a line light assembly configured to project a light line belt onto the surface of the metal bar 16.
- the line light assembly includes a plurality of line lights 6.
- These line lights 6 can be individual light sources, such as lasers, or light delivery devices, such as optical fiber lights, as shown in Figure 1.
- the light delivery devices must work with at least one light source, as shown in Figure 1. More than one light source can be used if higher light density is needed for illumination.
- the cameras may be light starved due to very high line/frame rates equating to a relatively short exposure time.
- An optical booster 8 may therefore be used for each line light to concentrate the light and increase the light intensity.
- This booster 8 can be a cylindrical lens or a semi-cylindrical lens.
- the line lights and the boosters must be made of special materials configured to withstand such elevated temperatures.
- Each line light 6, for example, may be configured to have its own glass window to serve this purpose.
- the material that binds the fibers together must be able to withstand high temperature, such as the high temperature epoxy.
- the boosters 8 must be made of materials that can withstand high temperature, too. Usable materials include glass, Pyrex, crystal, sapphire, and the like.
- Figure 9 is a top view of the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1.
- the alignment between the line lights and the cameras is important.
- the surface of metal bar 16 after the reducing process, before, for example, a descaling process can be treated as a reflective surface. Therefore, the optical law set forth in equation (3) applies:
- EQN (3) is preferably used in a preferred embodiment to maximize the reflected light that is captured by the plurality of cameras 12.
- the line lights 6 will each emit the light ray 40, which is boosted by a booster 8 and projected onto the surface of the metal bar 16.
- the light ray 40 is reflected to the path 42 and received by the lens 14 and eventually by the camera 12.
- the metal bar 16 travels in the direction 20.
- the projected and reflected light rays 40 and 42 form an angle 44, equally divided by the normal line to the surface of the metal bar 16.
- This angle 44 must be as small as possible, due to the illumination problem described above that is associated with a non-flat surface, as illustrated in Figure 4.
- the light line 18' and the image line 18 will not overlap on a non-flat surface.
- the ideal case is for the angle 44 in Figure 9 to be 0°. As this is only possible by using a beam splitter, it is less practical to do so when the system is light starving due to inherent power losses imposed by using a beam splitter for example.
- the angle 44 is preferably selected so as to be reasonably small, such as 1° or in its neighborhood. If necessary, a reflective mirror 38 can be used to assist in packing the camera and the light for a small angle 44. This is another reason to use line scan cameras in this application. Line scan cameras only need an image path 42 with a small width, such as from 5 to 30 microns.
- the angle 44 can be kept very small with this small image path feature.
- Figure 10 shows in greater detail a portion of the lighting setup of Figure 9. As mentioned above, the angle 44 will not be 0 degrees unless a beam splitter is used.
- each line light 6 must have a substantial width W (item 41 in Figure 10).
- the line 48 indicates the 60° mark on the bar surface, starting from the tangential boundary on the left hand side of the bar, as shown in Figure 10, and increasing to the right.
- One camera must be able to image the metal bar 16 for the upper half to this 60° mark line 48.
- the line 48 may represent 45° for a four-camera system, at 36° for a five-camera system, and so forth. If designed symmetrically, the camera can also image the bottom half of the metal bar 16 for 60°.
- the light line width W must be greater than a threshold based on:
- the line light assembly (e.g., the plurality of line light sources in the preferred embodiment) projects a light line belt onto the surface of the bar 16 having a second predetermined width.
- the line light assembly is disposed and aligned relative to the image acquisition assembly such the image belt falls within the light line belt.
- an illuminator 52 preferably includes a curved surface. Illuminator 52 is a device whose emitted light rays (perpendicular to this curved surface at the point of emission) will be reflected by the surface of the bar 16 to the imaging sensor in camera 12 and lens 14 based on EQN (3). Note that curve 52 need not be a circular curve. This curve 52 depends on the distance between the curve 52 and the surface of the bar 16 (i.e., target). Curve 52 may not be a smooth curve if the bar is not circular.
- an illuminator with curve 52 can be made with modern technologies, such illuminator can only be used with bars 16 at the designated diameter. In some applications it is not practical.
- An alternative is to simulate such illumination effect with an array of light lines 6 and 8, as shown in Figure 12.
- Each combination of light line/booster can be made adjustable such that its direction can be re-pointed as shown by item 54 to accommodate targets with different diameters.
- the light line approach is also beneficial in the case that the bar 16 is not circular.
- a computing unit 10 is coupled to plurality of cameras 12.
- the computing unit 10 is configured to receive the image data for a plurality of image belts 18 acquired successively by the cameras 12 as the bar 16 moves along the longitudinal axis in the direction 20 (direction 20 best shown in Figure 1).
- Frame grabbers may be used to receive the image signals.
- the cameras 12 in the system are preferably digital cameras, as described above.
- the computing unit may comprise one or more computers in order to have enough computing power to process the image data.
- Image processing hardware may be used in conjunction with the software for faster computing speed. If multiple computers are used, these computers can be linked together through inter-computer links such as TCP/IP or the like.
- computing unit 10 is configured to process the image data to detect predetermined features of the surface of bar 16.
- the features are surface defects.
- the image data will be processed for defects, such defects being shown in exemplary fashion in Figures 13A-13B.
- the images typically contain both the real defects (e.g., item 302) and noise, such as scratch marks (e.g., item 304).
- Image processing algorithms implemented in computer codes such as C, C++, machine languages, and the like, or implemented in hardware logic, are used to filter out the noise, and to detect the true defects, as shown in 306.
- the defects to be identified can be long and have a large aspect ratio, as shown in Figures 14A - 14C, where item 308 may be 1000 mm long, and item 310 may indicate a width of 0.050 mm. Or, the defects can be short and have a nearly 1-to-l aspect ratio, as shown in Figures 15A-15C.
- a first layer of processing may involve a comparison of local contrast in the image, such as by comparing a first predetermined threshold to the local contrast.
- a second layer of processing may involve applying a second predete ⁇ nined threshold to detect the nature of the defect such as size, location, length and width and the like.
- covering e.g., inspection of ) a portion of the bar surface less than the entire circumference may be useful enough for statistical process control purpose in the reducing process line.
- a very high speed (high data rate and high frame rate) area scan camera can be used in place of the line scan cameras if only a certain portion of each of the area scan images is used for processing.
- an optical filter can be used in conjunction with the lens such that only certain wavelengths in the reflected light rays 42 (in Figure 12) will be used to carry the surface information of the metal bars. Such wavelengths are those not emitted or not dominantly emitted by the metal bars at the said elevated temperature.
- the wavelength 436 nm can be used, hi this case, an interference filter at 436 nm will be used with the lens. This wavelength can vary with the temperature. If the temperature decreases, longer wavelength can be used.
- the light line assembly may be configured to include a strobe light, wherein the computing unit 10 synchronizes the illumination (i.e., the strobing) with the image capture function performed by the image acquisition assembly (e.g., the cameras 12 in the preferred embodiment).
- the computing unit 10 is configured to maintain a running record of the detected defects, including (i) a respective location of each detected defect relative to a "start" position, such as the leading end, on the bar 16 being manufactured tlirough processes that mechanically reduce the cross-sectional area of the metal bars; (ii) a respective notation of the nature of the detected defect, such as the size, shape, contrast; and (iii) optionally, an actual image of the site of and surrounding the detected defect.
- the record may be useful to the supplier/manufacturer, for example, for determining an up-front discount, and may be provided to the customer (e.g., on a diskette or other electronic means) for use in further processing, for example, what portions of the coil to avoid or do follow-up work on.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003293209A AU2003293209B2 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-11-26 | An apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
DE60335661T DE60335661D1 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-11-26 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETECTING SURFACE DEFECTS FROM A WORKPIECE SUCH AS, FOR EXAMPLE, A ROLLED / DRAWN METAL RAIL |
BR0316972-3A BR0316972A (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-11-26 | System for generating elongated bar image and method for generating metal bar image |
CA2507252A CA2507252C (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-11-26 | An apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
CN200380105040.2A CN1720742B (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-11-26 | Apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
EP03790201A EP1582068B1 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-11-26 | An apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
BRPI0316972-3A BRPI0316972B1 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-11-26 | SYSTEM FOR GENERATING ENLARGED BAR IMAGE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING METAL BAR IMAGE |
MXPA05005994A MXPA05005994A (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-11-26 | An apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar. |
AT03790201T ATE494732T1 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-11-26 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETECTING SURFACE DEFECTS ON A WORKPIECE SUCH AS A ROLLED/DRAWN METAL RAIL |
JP2004557454A JP4642474B2 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-11-26 | Apparatus and method for detecting surface scratches on workpieces such as rolled and drawn metal bars |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US43054902P | 2002-12-03 | 2002-12-03 | |
US60/430,549 | 2002-12-03 | ||
US10/331,050 | 2002-12-27 | ||
US10/331,050 US6950546B2 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2002-12-27 | Apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004051178A2 true WO2004051178A2 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
WO2004051178A3 WO2004051178A3 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
Family
ID=32396761
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2003/038184 WO2004051178A2 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-11-26 | An apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6950546B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1582068B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4642474B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101015457B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE494732T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003293209B2 (en) |
BR (2) | BRPI0316972B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2507252C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60335661D1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA05005994A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2320958C2 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI232298B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004051178A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2887028A1 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-15 | Vai Sias Soc Par Actions Simpl | OPTICAL METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING SURFACE DEFECTS AND STRUCTURE OF A LONG DEFINING PRODUCT |
US7324681B2 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2008-01-29 | Og Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
US7460703B2 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2008-12-02 | Og Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
Families Citing this family (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10242410A1 (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-03-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for applying fluid medium to substrate has image acquisition device(s), image processor(s) for detection of time of transfer of drop from needle/capillary end to substrate as distance reduced |
CN100417198C (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2008-09-03 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Image capturing apparatus |
DE102004045418A1 (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2005-10-06 | Waldrich Siegen Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh | Method and device for grinding a roller |
US7404861B2 (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2008-07-29 | Speedline Technologies, Inc. | Imaging and inspection system for a dispenser and method for same |
JP4906609B2 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2012-03-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | Imaging apparatus and method |
KR100891842B1 (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2009-04-07 | 주식회사 포스코 | Device for detecting the optic bug of archetypal rod and method thereof |
JP5234326B2 (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2013-07-10 | 日立化成株式会社 | Inspection method for cylindrical member outer surface |
JP5459995B2 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2014-04-02 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Wire surface inspection device |
DK2164028T3 (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2014-02-24 | Frewitt Printing Sa | Reading device and reading process for the code markings on the containers |
US8143885B2 (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2012-03-27 | Og Technologies, Inc. | Surface flaw detection and verification on metal bars by Eddy current testing and imaging system |
JP5439008B2 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2014-03-12 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | High-temperature object shape measuring apparatus and shape measuring method |
DE112010004464B4 (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2018-11-22 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Surface testing device and surface testing method |
TWI420069B (en) * | 2011-01-03 | 2013-12-21 | China Steel Corp | Method of measurement of derusting device configuration |
DE102012003255B8 (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2014-01-16 | Testo Ag | Device for non-contact temperature measurement and temperature measurement method |
JP5828817B2 (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2015-12-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Shape inspection method for steel bars |
US20140152771A1 (en) * | 2012-12-01 | 2014-06-05 | Og Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus of profile measurement |
CN102967265B (en) * | 2012-12-15 | 2015-10-21 | 吉林大学 | Based on the automobile connecting bar splitter detection method of machine vision |
RU2522775C1 (en) * | 2013-02-12 | 2014-07-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет" (Новосибирский государственный университет, НГУ) | Method for passive location of edges of metal rectangular parallelepiped in infrared radiation |
WO2014188457A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 | 2014-11-27 | Centro Sviluppo Materiali S.P.A. | Method for the surface inspection of long products and apparatus suitable for carrying out such a method |
US9539619B2 (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2017-01-10 | Gii Acquisition, Llc | High speed method and system for inspecting a stream of parts at a pair of inspection stations |
US10207297B2 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2019-02-19 | GII Inspection, LLC | Method and system for inspecting a manufactured part at an inspection station |
US10300510B2 (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2019-05-28 | General Inspection Llc | High speed method and system for inspecting a stream of parts |
CN105458017B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-11-28 | 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 | The defects of for pole material detection device, method and defect expressivity system |
CN107323746B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2019-09-06 | 郝荣华 | Key works Drug packing mechanism |
TWI645922B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-01-01 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Method for reducing surface defects of cast embryo |
CN109238171A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-18 | 无锡职业技术学院 | Full-automatic cylindrical glass stick visual detection equipment |
CN113146404B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-10-14 | 浙江大学 | Automatic detection device for complex curved surface component |
CN113406094B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-11-29 | 电子科技大学 | Metal surface defect online detection device and method based on image processing |
CN113804696B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2023-01-20 | 北京科技大学 | Method for determining size and area of defect on surface of bar |
CN114414477B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-03-21 | 苏州天准科技股份有限公司 | Multi-angle detection device for motor vehicle parts and assembly device |
JP7345077B1 (en) | 2022-05-20 | 2023-09-14 | 株式会社アマダ | Processing machine |
CN115100195B (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-22 | 浙江双元科技股份有限公司 | A integration industry camera for sheet detects |
DE202023105500U1 (en) | 2023-09-21 | 2023-10-17 | Gesellschaft zur Förderung angewandter Informatik e. V. | Device for detecting defects on a peripheral surface of a long metallic product passed through the device |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999054715A1 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 1999-10-28 | Crc For Intelligent Manufacturing Systems & Technologies Ltd. | Fault detection apparatus |
Family Cites Families (48)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3933532A (en) | 1972-09-20 | 1976-01-20 | Eschweiler Bergwerks-Verein Aktiengesellschaft | Method for exposing surface defects on hot steel blanks |
DE2418482A1 (en) * | 1973-04-18 | 1974-11-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | PROCEDURE FOR FLAME PLASTERING AND FLAME PLASTERING MACHINE |
US4024470A (en) * | 1974-05-20 | 1977-05-17 | Republic Steel Corporation | Eddy current detector for hot test pieces having coolant fluid and purge features |
JPS6026176B2 (en) * | 1976-07-09 | 1985-06-22 | 日本鋼管株式会社 | Surface flaw detection device for red-hot metal materials |
US4118732A (en) * | 1977-02-15 | 1978-10-03 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Apparatus for detecting a surface flaw of a material at high temperature |
US4121294A (en) | 1977-03-17 | 1978-10-17 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Electro-optical gaging system |
US4141071A (en) * | 1977-03-17 | 1979-02-20 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Automatic diametric dimension control for mill for rolling round bars |
US4139890A (en) * | 1977-03-17 | 1979-02-13 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Bar gauge plotting and display system |
US4237954A (en) * | 1977-05-09 | 1980-12-09 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Tire with tubular bead rings |
US4121394A (en) * | 1977-08-26 | 1978-10-24 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of installing a pane to an existing glazed system |
US4237959A (en) | 1978-03-23 | 1980-12-09 | Futec Inc. | Method of examining the surface of a continuously cast metal strip for detection of scarfs appearing thereon and apparatus for the same |
WO1980000099A1 (en) * | 1978-06-20 | 1980-01-24 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Method of non-contact supersonic flaw detection and apparatus therefor |
US4319270A (en) * | 1979-01-12 | 1982-03-09 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | Surface inspection system for hot radiant material |
US4223346A (en) * | 1979-04-05 | 1980-09-16 | Armco Inc. | Automatic defect detecting inspection apparatus |
US4377238A (en) * | 1980-08-27 | 1983-03-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Flaw detection and evaluation |
US4461995A (en) | 1981-10-29 | 1984-07-24 | Republic Steel Corporation | Cooling method and apparatus for eddy current flaw detection |
US4495587A (en) | 1981-12-08 | 1985-01-22 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Automatic nondestructive roll defect inspection system |
AT382458B (en) | 1982-02-11 | 1987-02-25 | Voest Alpine Ag | METHOD FOR SURFACE TESTING OF STEEL MATERIAL HOT OVER THE CURIE POINT AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
US4519041A (en) | 1982-05-03 | 1985-05-21 | Honeywell Inc. | Real time automated inspection |
US4493859A (en) | 1982-09-13 | 1985-01-15 | Cyclops Corporation | Method for marking hot pipe |
JPS6027347U (en) * | 1983-07-29 | 1985-02-23 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Appearance test device for striatum |
US4561104A (en) | 1984-01-16 | 1985-12-24 | Honeywell Inc. | Automated inspection of hot steel slabs |
FR2559581B1 (en) | 1984-02-10 | 1986-07-11 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR DETECTING SURFACE DEFECTS ON A TAPE DURING TRIPPING |
CA1229392A (en) | 1984-02-28 | 1987-11-17 | Hirosato Yamane | Method and apparatus for detection of surface defects of hot metal body |
US4635111A (en) * | 1985-04-05 | 1987-01-06 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Optical fiber inspection system |
US5068799A (en) | 1985-04-24 | 1991-11-26 | Jarrett Jr Harold M | System and method for detecting flaws in continuous web materials |
US4926928A (en) | 1985-07-29 | 1990-05-22 | Essex Group, Inc. | Protective device of restraining rod produced in continuous casting and rolling process |
SE456864B (en) | 1986-08-27 | 1988-11-07 | Toernbloms Kvalitetskontroll | DEVICE FOR DETECTING AND SUPPRESSING THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL MAGNETIC FIELD DURING THE VERTICAL FLOW TEST OF OMAGNETIC PROVOBJECTS |
DE3641816A1 (en) * | 1986-12-06 | 1988-06-16 | Robert Prof Dr Ing Massen | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR MEASURING AND / OR MONITORING PROPERTIES OF YARNS AND ROPES |
US4837510A (en) | 1987-01-30 | 1989-06-06 | Tornbloms Kvalitetskontroll Ab | Device for suppression and/or separation of signals due to magnetic oxide scales in hot cast billets |
JPH0184047U (en) * | 1987-11-26 | 1989-06-05 | ||
JPH041614A (en) * | 1990-04-18 | 1992-01-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Optical amplifying device |
US5103722A (en) | 1990-09-24 | 1992-04-14 | Artisan Equipment, Inc. | Method and apparatus for marking metal products at incipient formation temperatures |
US5146311A (en) | 1991-06-21 | 1992-09-08 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method of indentifying and quantifying oxides on rolled metal strip |
NO914574L (en) | 1991-11-22 | 1993-05-24 | Elkem Technology | PROCEDURE FOR PIN HOLE DETECTION IN STRING METAL TOPIC |
JPH05149894A (en) * | 1991-11-28 | 1993-06-15 | Shigeki Maeda | Flaw detector |
US5442285A (en) | 1994-02-28 | 1995-08-15 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | NDE eddy current sensor for very high scan rate applications in an operating combustion turbine |
JPH07253402A (en) * | 1994-03-15 | 1995-10-03 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | External appearance inspecting apparatus for corrugated tube and inspecting method |
JPH08178868A (en) * | 1994-12-26 | 1996-07-12 | Japan Aircraft Mfg Co Ltd | Fiber cord automatic detecting method and device |
US5654977A (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 1997-08-05 | Teledyne Industries Inc. | Method and apparatus for real time defect inspection of metal at elevated temperature |
US6002251A (en) | 1995-12-15 | 1999-12-14 | Sun; Yu-Shi | Electromagnetic-field-focusing remote-field eddy-current probe system and method for inspecting anomalies in conducting plates |
US5866820A (en) | 1996-09-20 | 1999-02-02 | Camplin; Kenneth R. | Coil volumetric and surface defect detection system |
KR19980052448A (en) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-09-25 | 김종진 | Cold rolled steel surface defect detection device |
US6092059A (en) | 1996-12-27 | 2000-07-18 | Cognex Corporation | Automatic classifier for real time inspection and classification |
EP0880023A1 (en) | 1997-05-23 | 1998-11-25 | Siemag Transplan Gmbh | Method and device for the automatic detection of surface faults during the continuous mechanical removal of material from casted products |
JPH11258169A (en) * | 1998-03-11 | 1999-09-24 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Inspection apparatus for defect of outer wall of object, to be inspected, with cylindrical external shape |
AT408385B (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2001-11-26 | Festo Ges M B H | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING AN IMAGE OF AN ESSENTIAL CYLINDRICAL SURFACE |
US20050101461A1 (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2005-05-12 | Robbin Johnson | Strength exercising harness |
-
2002
- 2002-12-27 US US10/331,050 patent/US6950546B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-11-24 TW TW092132920A patent/TWI232298B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-11-26 AT AT03790201T patent/ATE494732T1/en active
- 2003-11-26 DE DE60335661T patent/DE60335661D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-26 JP JP2004557454A patent/JP4642474B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-26 BR BRPI0316972-3A patent/BRPI0316972B1/en unknown
- 2003-11-26 CA CA2507252A patent/CA2507252C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-26 MX MXPA05005994A patent/MXPA05005994A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-11-26 AU AU2003293209A patent/AU2003293209B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-11-26 EP EP03790201A patent/EP1582068B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-26 WO PCT/US2003/038184 patent/WO2004051178A2/en active Search and Examination
- 2003-11-26 KR KR1020057009988A patent/KR101015457B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-11-26 RU RU2005118398/28A patent/RU2320958C2/en active
- 2003-11-26 BR BR0316972-3A patent/BR0316972A/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999054715A1 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 1999-10-28 | Crc For Intelligent Manufacturing Systems & Technologies Ltd. | Fault detection apparatus |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7324681B2 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2008-01-29 | Og Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
US7460703B2 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2008-12-02 | Og Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
US7627163B2 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2009-12-01 | Og Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
FR2887028A1 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-15 | Vai Sias Soc Par Actions Simpl | OPTICAL METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING SURFACE DEFECTS AND STRUCTURE OF A LONG DEFINING PRODUCT |
WO2006134259A1 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-21 | Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Sas. | Method and arrangement for detecting surface and structural defects of a long moving product |
US7970202B2 (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2011-06-28 | Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Sas | Method and arrangement for detecting surface and structural defects of a long moving product |
KR101263254B1 (en) | 2005-08-02 | 2013-05-10 | 오지 테크놀로지스, 인크. | / an apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TWI232298B (en) | 2005-05-11 |
RU2320958C2 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
JP4642474B2 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
MXPA05005994A (en) | 2005-12-05 |
AU2003293209B2 (en) | 2009-07-09 |
CA2507252A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
EP1582068B1 (en) | 2011-01-05 |
RU2005118398A (en) | 2006-01-20 |
AU2003293209A1 (en) | 2004-06-23 |
BR0316972A (en) | 2005-10-25 |
DE60335661D1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
EP1582068A2 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
TW200424515A (en) | 2004-11-16 |
US20040105001A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
JP2006510876A (en) | 2006-03-30 |
BRPI0316972B1 (en) | 2018-06-26 |
KR20050084110A (en) | 2005-08-26 |
ATE494732T1 (en) | 2011-01-15 |
EP1582068A4 (en) | 2008-04-23 |
KR101015457B1 (en) | 2011-02-22 |
WO2004051178A3 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
US6950546B2 (en) | 2005-09-27 |
CA2507252C (en) | 2010-04-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AU2003293209B2 (en) | An apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar | |
US7324681B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar | |
US7627163B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar | |
ZA200504514B (en) | An apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar | |
KR100891842B1 (en) | Device for detecting the optic bug of archetypal rod and method thereof | |
CN103658197A (en) | Shape checking device of steel bar and shape checking method of steel bar | |
JP6907862B2 (en) | Internal surface inspection device for pipes | |
JP2005156420A (en) | Inspection method and device of surface irregularity |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2003790201 Country of ref document: EP Ref document number: 2003293209 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2507252 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004557454 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005/04514 Country of ref document: ZA Ref document number: 1097/CHENP/2005 Country of ref document: IN Ref document number: 200504514 Country of ref document: ZA Ref document number: 1020057009988 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: PA/a/2005/005994 Country of ref document: MX Ref document number: 20038A50402 Country of ref document: CN |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2005118398 Country of ref document: RU Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020057009988 Country of ref document: KR |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2003790201 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: PI0316972 Country of ref document: BR |