WO2004080326A1

WO2004080326A1 - Dental implant construction

Info

Publication number: WO2004080326A1
Application number: PCT/HU2003/000074
Authority: WO
Inventors: Csaba Árpád CZANIK; Gábor Sipos
Original assignee: Czanik Csaba Arpad; Sipos Gabor
Priority date: 2003-03-10
Filing date: 2003-09-29
Publication date: 2004-09-23
Also published as: AU2003267678A1

Abstract

The implant has a base member (1), a coronal member (2), an end member (3), and a groove (3). The base member is formed with a self-tapping thread (10a) situated along the guide grooves of spiral teeth. Three sector-shaped lacunae (4) are formed to the coronal member.

Description

DENTAL IMPLANT CONSTRUCTION

The object of the invention is a dental implant construction comprising a base member, a coronal member, an end element and a groove, and the base member is supplied with a self- tapping thread.

A number of dental implants are known. Such constructions are presented e.g. in specifications WO 01/26579, WO 02/45610, patent specifications US 6,254,387, US 2002/0110783, US 2002/0177102 and US 2003/0031982, and specification WO 03/039390. An implant is meant to be a plug-like construction built in the jaw-bone. The known dental implants, such as the constructions presented in the above specifications, can basically be classified in two groups in terms of their outer structure.

The first group includes the constructions that are placed using their outer thread. In the course of placing the implant a nest of the required size with smooth walls is formed in the jaw-bone, and then, after pre-tapping or via self-tapping - depending on the hardness of the bone -, the implant can be screwed in the nest in the bone. In this case there is no percussion-like unpleasant feeling. It is a disadvantage of this construction that pre-tapping and screwing the implant in is a lengthy process.

The second group includes constructions where the part of the implant to be built in the bone comprises no thread. These implants are built in a prepared nest in the bone by knocking it in. If the bone is soft or slightly hard, the implantation process is quick and causes no strong pain. It is a disadvantage of this construction that if the bone is hard, the implant can only be knocked in by applying strong beats, which is painful and extremely unpleasant for the client. This pain can not be soothed by giving preventive pain-killers, as it has the effect of a minor cerebral concussion. As the hardness of the bone may change millimetre by millimetre, it is often the case that only the last one or two millimetres are hard, and therefore the percussion caused by the beats and conducted by the bones can not be avoided by choosing another type of implant. Specification WO 98/48726 describes a conical implant. The implant has a blind hole suitable for fixing a post in it. The construction comprises a cylindrical part at the bottom and a conical part above it. A lacuna, that is, a hole or cavity may be formed only in the bottom part. Uppermost there can be a cylindrical part with a self-tapping thread. This construction also has the above mentioned disadvantages. In case of a smooth surface version, the knocking in may cause pain, in case of a threaded version, the placement is time-consuming. The threaded version can not be knocked in. The placement of the implant is especially difficult in case of dense bone, as it requires significant force to screw the implant in. In this case the probability of malpractice is also significant, there is a risk of fracture or fissure of the bone.

The purpose of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the known constructions, and to develop an implant with an outer geometry making it possible to either screw or knock in the implant depending on the actual hardness of the bone, which may vary with the depth. It is an object that the placement of the implant should be quick and painless. It is also an object that the implant built in should be fixed firmly at its place.

The fundamental idea of the invention is that if we make the actions presented in the principal claim, the result will be better than the previously known constructions.

The object of the invention is achieved by the construction according to the invention as described in claim 1. The characteristic features are described in the sub-claims.

The most general embodiment of the dental implant construction according to the invention is formed in a way that the self-tapping thread is situated along a guide curve of spiral teeth increasing the stability and suitable for being knocked in, and the edge of the axial section of the spiral tooth is at least approximately orthogonal to the longitudinal axis, and there are 2-6, preferably three lacunae, preferably with the cross section of a sector formed in the coronal member. In what follows, the invention is described in more detail based on certain embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

Figure 1 is a lateral view of the construction,

Figure 2 is section A - A shown in figure 1,

Figure 3 is a 3D perspective drawing of the construction,

Figure 4 is the lateral view of the enveloping body of the construction,

Figure 5 is a draft of manufacturing the construction,

Figure 6 is a draft of the guide curve.

Figure 1 shows the base member 1, the coronal member 2, the end element 3, the lacuna 4, the groove 5, the abutment 6, the longitudinal axis 7, the edge 9a and the thread 10a. There is an abutment 6 formed at the cervical, that is, the bottom part at the cusp of the base member 1, which is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 7. The abutment 6 improves the fixing of the implant and reduces lateral tilting. The abutment 6 prevents the implant from displacement or descending when biting. The surface of the end element 3 is polished, smooth and featureless, its enveloping body is a truncated cone, and its minimum diameter is bigger than the maximum diameter of the coronal member 2. The end element 3 closes the tooth nest, therefore this part has the largest diameter. The surface of the base member 1 and the coronal member 2 is rough. The rough surface enhances adherence to the bone. Any kind of known inside design can be formed inside the construction according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows the base member 1, the groove 5 and the spiral tooth 9. The grooves 5 have a side 5a and a side 5b, which are orthogonal to each other. With this geometry the longitudinal groove 5 prevents the implant from angular motion after it has been placed, that is, it prevents the implant from getting deeper due to angular motion. Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the base member 1, the coronal member 2, the end element 3, the lacuna 4, the longitudinal groove 5, the abutment 6, the spiral tooth 9 and the sector 11. Preferably there are three longitudinal grooves 5 and three lacunae 4, equally distributed. The cross section of the lacuna 4 of given geometry is a sector 11. The lacuna 4 is situated in the coronal member 2, a small portion of it may extend into the transitional zone towards the base member 1. When forming the lacuna 4, practically a cylinder-sector is removed from the coronal member 2. The cavity of the lacuna 4 comprises a cornered hole of 0,3 - 1 mm size. After ossification, the lacuna 4 prevents the implant from untwisting. In case of the implant according to the invention, the lacuna 4 is situated above the threaded part. The inside surface of the lacuna 4 is also roughened. The bone grown into the lacuna 4 prevents the implant from tilting, too. Before the bone grows into the lacuna 4, the spiral tooth 9 increases stability. The distance between the upper edge of the lacuna 4 and the end element 3 is minimum 1 mm.

On the enveloping body shown in Figure 4 one can see the base member 1, the coronal member 2, the end element 3 and the abutment 6. The base member 1 is conical, its cone increases until diameter "d", its cone angle α is between 5° and 25°, and it is connected to the abutment 6 with rounded edges. The coronal member 2 is also conical, but it has a smaller cone angle between 0,5° and 8°. The length of the base member 1 and the coronal member 2 varies, it is adjusted to the client, whereas the length of the end element 3 is only 1 - 2 mm.

Figure 5 shows the base member 1, the longitudinal axis 7, the guide curve 10 and the triangle 8. The guide curve 10 starts from the cervical end after a turn of 360°, and helically leads to the coronal member 2. At a certain implant the pitch "h" of the spiral is constant, but certainly there must be implants of different pitch in a medical set. The length of the longer side of triangle "A" cutting out the longitudinal section of the spiral tooth 9 equals to the pitch "h" of the spiral tooth 9, whereas its smaller side is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 7, and it is at least 0,5 mm high. If the triangle "A" is swept along the guide curve 10, it cuts the shape of the spiral tooth 9 from the enveloping body, as it can be seen in figure 6 as well. This is the way we get the spiral tooth 9. This geometry increases the stability of the implant, especially in the period until the bone grows into the lacuna 4.

The dental implant construction according to the invention has a plenty of advantages. The outer geometry of the implant makes it possible to either screw or knock in the implant depending on the actual hardness of the bone, which may vary with the depth. In the course of its placement, it is knocked in the bone where the bone is soft. If a hard part of the bone is reached, the implant is screwed. This way the placement of the implant is quick and painless. The implant built in is fixed firmly due to its abutment and its special spiral teeth. After ossification, the lacunae increase stability and prevents the implant from falling out.

It is also advantageous that the construction can be used in jaw bones of any hardness, so the dentist or dental -surgeon needs to keep only one kit. From the economic point of view it is very important. The dentist need not decide it at the beginning of the operation what type of implant to build in, as it is not necessary with the implant according to the invention.

Claims

1. Dental implant construction comprising a base member (1), a coronal member (2), an end element (3) and a groove (5), the base member (1) is supplied with a self-tapping thread (10a), characterized in that the self-tapping thread (10a) is situated along the guide curve (10) of spiral teeth (9) increasing the stability and suitable for being knocked in, the edge (9a) of the axial section of the spiral tooth (9) is at least approximately orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (7), and there are 2-6, preferably three lacunae (4), preferably with the cross section of a sector (11) formed in the coronal member (2).

2. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that at the cervical part of the base member (1) there is an abutment (6) orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (7).

3. The construction according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the surface of the end element (3) is polished and featureless, its enveloping body is a truncated cone, and its minimum diameter is bigger than the maximum diameter of the coronal member (2).

4. The construction according to any of claims 1 — 3, characterized in that the grooves (5) have a side (5a) and a side (5b), which are orthogonal to each other.

5. The construction according to any of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the guide curve (10) is tangentially connected to the base member (1) and one end of it extends into the coronal member 2.

6. The construction according to any of claims 1 - 5, characterized in that the length (h) of the longer side of the triangle (A) cutting out the longitudinal section of the spiral tooth (9) equals to the pitch (h) of the spiral tooth (9), whereas its smaller side is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (7), and it is at least 0,5 mm high.

7. The construction according to any of claims 1 - 6, characterized in that the cone angle (α) of the base member (1) is between 5° and 25°, and it is connected to the abutment (6) with rounded edges.

8. The construction according to any of claims 1 - 7, characterized in that the lacuna (4) is situated above the end of the spiral tooth (9) opposite to the abutment (6), and its cavity comprises a cornered hole of 0,3 - 1 mm size.