WO2004082144A1 - Phasen-/frequenzregelkreis und phasen-/frequenz-komparator hierfür - Google Patents
Phasen-/frequenzregelkreis und phasen-/frequenz-komparator hierfür Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004082144A1 WO2004082144A1 PCT/EP2004/001154 EP2004001154W WO2004082144A1 WO 2004082144 A1 WO2004082144 A1 WO 2004082144A1 EP 2004001154 W EP2004001154 W EP 2004001154W WO 2004082144 A1 WO2004082144 A1 WO 2004082144A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- phase
- output
- triggered
- reset
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
- H03D13/00—Circuits for comparing the phase or frequency of two mutually-independent oscillations
- H03D13/003—Circuits for comparing the phase or frequency of two mutually-independent oscillations in which both oscillations are converted by logic means into pulses which are applied to filtering or integrating means
- H03D13/004—Circuits for comparing the phase or frequency of two mutually-independent oscillations in which both oscillations are converted by logic means into pulses which are applied to filtering or integrating means the logic means delivering pulses at more than one terminal, e.g. up and down pulses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION, OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
- H03L7/089—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal the phase or frequency detector generating up-down pulses
Definitions
- the invention relates to a stable digital phase / frequency comparator for a phase / frequency control loop with a novel reset logic, which is optimized for implementation in programmable logic modules (e.g. FPGAs).
- programmable logic modules e.g. FPGAs
- PLL circuits phase locked loops
- the frequency of a frequency oscillator is set so that it coincides with a predetermined reference frequency in such a way that the phase shift between the output frequency of the frequency oscillator and the reference requirement remains stable or constant.
- analog and digital PLL circuits In the case of the digital PLL circuits, which are considered further below, the digital implementation is usually limited to the phase / frequency comparator or the optionally implemented frequency divider.
- the phase / frequency comparator has the task of comparing the frequency of an output frequency signal of a frequency oscillator in the PLL circuits with the frequency of a predetermined reference frequency signal and, in the event of a frequency deviation, of generating one or more control signals which represent the frequency of the output frequency signal readjust the frequency oscillator in the PLL circuit accordingly.
- the digital implementation of a phase / frequency comparator is usually carried out either by an EXOR gate, an edge-triggered JK flip-flop or a phase-frequency detector using edge-triggered D flip-flops with reset logic.
- phase-frequency detector using edge-triggered D flip-flops with reset logic is a widely used digital implementation variant for phase / frequency comparators, since it places the lowest demands on the input signals (the EXOR gate requires symmetrical input signals, the edge-triggered JK - flip-flop input signals without fading.
- the control signal for adjusting the frequency of the frequency oscillator from two signals, a first Signal for regulating the frequency of the frequency oscillator in the event of a positive frequency deviation between the reference frequency and the output frequency and a second signal for regulating the frequency of the frequency oscillator in the event of a negative frequency deviation between the reference frequency and the output frequency.
- These two control signals are each generated by an edge-triggered D flip-flop, which are set in each case by the reference frequency signal or by the output frequency signal.
- the phase / frequency comparator thus has an asynchronous, feedback structure, the operating behavior is characterized as follows: In the phase-frequency detector with edge-triggered D-flip-flops and the above reset logic, in the event of a positive frequency deviation (reference frequency fsoll > output frequency fi s ), the output of the one set with the reference frequency signal is used on a statistical average Flip-Flops (Signal Stell oke n) set longer than the flip-flop set with the output frequency signal (Signal: Stell un t er ⁇ ) • In the event of a negative frequency deviation (reference frequency f should ⁇ output requenz fist), the output of the with the output frequency signal set flip-flops set longer than the flip-flop set with the reference frequency signal.
- the two edge-triggered D flip-flops may not be deleted exactly at the same time. This can be caused by different runtimes of the reset signals due to different line lengths from the reset logic to the reset inputs of the edge-triggered D-flip-flops and different deletion times of the two edge-triggered D-flip-flops.
- an edge-triggered D-flip-flop is not reset at all, because due to clear differences in runtime and deletion time, the reset signal of the not yet deleted edge-triggered D-flip-flop due to the resetting of the other edge-triggered D-flip-flop before the end of the Reset process is withdrawn again.
- Such operations especially the The extreme case mentioned occurs in general comparatively unlikely, but cannot be ruled out in programmable logic modules if the individual logic units are placed in an unfavorable manner.
- the user When programming the logic modules, the user generally has only limited influence on the transit times of the individual signals or on the deletion times of the flip-flops, so that the control behavior of the PLL control loop can no longer be exactly controlled if such irregularities occur. There is therefore no longer an exact deterministic relationship between the two control signals of the digital phase / frequency comparator and the frequency deviation between the reference frequency and the output frequency. This leads to undesirable jumps in the frequency at the output of the frequency oscillator of the PLL circuit and to phase drifts between the reference frequency and the output frequency. These control deviations of the phase / frequency control loop, which significantly reduce the control quality of the PLL circuit, generally cannot be corrected and, in extreme cases, can lead to instability of the control loop.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a suitable reset logic for the phase / frequency comparator, which is constructed with edge-triggered memory elements (D-flip-flops), for a digital phase / frequency control loop, in order to achieve despite runtime effects to achieve deterministic and stable phase / frequency control in a digital implementation using, for example, programmable logic modules.
- edge-triggered memory elements D-flip-flops
- a phase / frequency control loop according to claim 1 and by the features of a phase / frequency comparator according to claim 9.
- Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
- a digital memory element is used instead of a static gate module to obtain the reset signal from the output signals of the edge-triggered memory elements (D-flip-flops).
- D-flip-flops For this purpose, for example, and preferably an asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop is used, which is only set when both outputs of the first two edge-triggered memory elements (D flip-flops) are set.
- the reset signal of the two edge-triggered memory elements is only reset when both edge-triggered memory elements (D flip-flops) are reset. This ensures that the reset process of both edge-triggered memory elements (D flip-flops) comes to a definite conclusion.
- Embodiments of the reset logic for inverted as well as non-inverted logic are specified in the dependent claims.
- Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a digital signal
- Phase / frequency comparators 4 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a reset logic
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of a reset logic.
- phase / frequency control loop PLL control loop
- PLL control loop a phase / frequency control loop
- the phase / frequency control circuit 1 has a second frequency divider 5 which divides the frequency of the output frequency signal 6 present at its input by a factor of N.
- the output frequency signal 7 with the frequency divided by the factor N is output at the output of the frequency divider 5.
- a suitable choice of M and N ensures that the reference frequency signal 3 frequency-divided by the factor M and the output frequency signal 6 frequency-divided by the factor N in the steady state (steady state) of the phase / frequency control loop 1 have the same frequency to have.
- Both frequency divider 2 and frequency divider 5 are optional function blocks within the phase / frequency control loop.
- phase / Frequency comparator 8 the two frequencies or phases of the reference frequency signal 4 and the output frequency signal 7 are compared.
- the comparison leads to a manipulated variable 9 for readjustment of a frequency or voltage-controlled frequency oscillator 10.
- the manipulated variable 9 exists from the two control signals Stell ⁇ t, e r ⁇ 9 for ramping up the frequency of the frequency oscillator 10 and Stell un t e n 9B for ramping down the frequency of the frequency oscillator 10.
- the manipulated variable 9 with its two actuating signals Stell 0 t, en 9A and Stellunt e n 9B are fed to the input of a loop filter 11.
- the loop filter 11 has a certain characteristic dynamic behavior with which it specifically influences the dynamics of the phase / frequency control loop with regard to stability.
- the output signal 12 of the loop filter 11 is fed to the input of the frequency oscillator 10 for regulating the frequency of the output frequency signal 6.
- the frequency of the output frequency signal 6 is thus dependent on the control loop gain of the phase / frequency control circuit 1, which is determined, inter alia, by the division factors N and M of the frequency dividers 2 and 5, in accordance with the time profile of the frequency of the reference frequency signal 3 regulated.
- the dynamic behavior of the phase / frequency control loop 1 when the frequency of the reference frequency signal 3 changes over time or when a disturbance affecting the phase / frequency control loop 1 occurs is determined by the dynamics of the individual function blocks in the phase / frequency control loop 1 , in particular the loop filter 11 and the frequency oscillator 10.
- phase frequency detector used in the vast majority of applications with edge-triggered D-flip-flops and reset logic is further described below.
- the block diagram of the phase-frequency detector (PFD) is shown in FIG. 3.
- the PFD consists of the two edge-triggered memory elements 13 and 14, preferably edge-triggered D flip-flops.
- edge-triggered D flip-flop 13 the level present at input D, which is constantly set to logic "1", is switched to output Q on a positive edge of reference frequency signal 4, which is optionally frequency-divided in frequency divider 2 at clock input Clk .
- the control signal SteH o ⁇ n 9a present at the output Q of the D-flip-flop 13 is used to regulate the frequency of the frequency oscillator 10 7 at the clock input Clk, the level at input D, which is constantly set to logic "1", is switched to output Q.
- the control signal Stell U n te n 9 ß present at the output Q of the D flip-flop 14 serves to down-regulate the frequency of the frequency oscillator 10.
- the two control signals Stell 0 t, en 9A and Stell un t en 9B are applied to the inputs of the reset logic 15 led.
- the reset logic 15 consists of an AND gate.
- the reset logic 15 generates a reset signal 16 which is fed as a reset signal 16A to the reset input R of the D flip-flop 13 and as a reset signal 16B to the reset input R of the D flip-flop 14.
- the output of the reset logic 15 is also activated, with the result that the two D flip-flops 13 and 14 each have the reset signals 16A and 16B at the reset inputs R can be reset.
- the set input S of the asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop 17 is fed by the output signal 18 of an inverted AND gate 19.
- the two control signals Stell 0 j-, en 9A and Stell un t en 9B are fed to the inputs of the inverted AND gate 19.
- the output signal 20 of the OR gate 21 is fed to the reset input R of the asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop 17.
- the two inputs of the OR gate 21 are fed by the two control signals Stell 0 j-, en 9A and Stell und t e n 9B .
- the reset signal 16 is generated at the output Q of the asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop 17.
- the asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop 17 has an inverted AND gate 22, the output of which is connected to the output Q and the inputs of which are fed by the input S and by the output of a further inverted AND gate 23.
- the inputs of the further inverted AND gate 23 are fed from the reset input R and from the output of the first inverted AND gate 22.
- an asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop 24 which has a non-inverse logic.
- the set input S of the asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop 24 is fed by the output signal 25 of an AND gate 26.
- the two control signals Stell 0 b e n 9A unc ⁇ Stellun te n ⁇ are fed to the inputs of the AND gate 26.
- the output signal 27 of the inverted OR gate 28 is fed to the reset input R of the asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop 24.
- the reset signal 16 is generated at the output Q of the asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop 24.
- the asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop 24 has an inverted OR gate 29, the output of which is connected to the Q output and the inputs of the S input and of the output of a further inverted OR gate
- the inputs of the further inverted OR gate 30 are fed by the reset input R and by the output of the first inverted OR gate 29. If the two control signals 9A un ( ⁇ Set below 9B activated simultaneously (state "1"), the output signal 25 of the AND gate 26 and thus the set input S of the asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop 24 are activated (state "1 "). At the same time, the output signal 27 of the inverted OR gate 28 and thus the reset input R of the asynchronous level-triggered RS flip-flop 24 is not set (state” 0 "). Due to the non-inverted logic of the RS flip-flop 24 the output Q and thus the reset signal 16 is set.
- the reset signal 16 is only set when the two control signals, E n 9A and Stellu t en 9B are set simultaneously.
- a reset of the reset signal 16 also occurs only when both control signals, E n 9A and adjusting un t e n 9B are reset.
- the PLL control loop also has controllable behavior in this exemplary embodiment, since there are no undesired frequency jumps and thus instabilities in the phase / frequency control loop.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/549,332 US7456661B2 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-02-09 | Phase-locked/frequency-locked loop and phase/frequency comparator therefor |
EP04709233A EP1602174A1 (de) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-02-09 | Phasen-/frequenzregelkreis und phasen-/frequenz-komparator hierfür |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10311049A DE10311049A1 (de) | 2003-03-13 | 2003-03-13 | Phasen-/Frequenzregelkreis und Phasen-/Frequenz-Komparator hierfür |
DE10311049.6 | 2003-03-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004082144A1 true WO2004082144A1 (de) | 2004-09-23 |
Family
ID=32892145
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/001154 WO2004082144A1 (de) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-02-09 | Phasen-/frequenzregelkreis und phasen-/frequenz-komparator hierfür |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7456661B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1602174A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10311049A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004082144A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7710170B2 (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2010-05-04 | Agere Systems Inc. | Internal supply voltage controlled PLL and methods for using such |
TWI353730B (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2011-12-01 | Etron Technology Inc | Phase/frequency detector |
CN101615907B (zh) * | 2009-07-31 | 2012-07-11 | 钰创科技股份有限公司 | 相位/频率检测器 |
EP2633620B1 (de) | 2010-10-26 | 2018-02-28 | Marvell World Trade Ltd. | Vorrichtung für zweiseitige phasenregelschleifen-signalerkennung |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3989931A (en) * | 1975-05-19 | 1976-11-02 | Rockwell International Corporation | Pulse count generator for wide range digital phase detector |
EP0283275A2 (de) * | 1987-03-19 | 1988-09-21 | Fujitsu Limited | Phasenkomparatorschaltung |
US20020118006A1 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2002-08-29 | Enam Syed K. | Phase frequency detector |
US6552616B1 (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2003-04-22 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Asynchronous phase detector for a PLD independent of timing requirements |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4378509A (en) * | 1980-07-10 | 1983-03-29 | Motorola, Inc. | Linearized digital phase and frequency detector |
FR2598869B1 (fr) * | 1986-05-13 | 1994-02-04 | Thomson Csf | Detecteur de phase et de frequence, et son utilisation dans une boucle a verrouillage de phase |
US4959617A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1990-09-25 | Motorola, Inc. | Dual state phase detector having frequency steering capability |
JPH06216767A (ja) * | 1992-11-18 | 1994-08-05 | Philips Electron Nv | 安定化位相弁別器を備えるフェーズロックドループ用回路 |
DE19859515C1 (de) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-04-20 | Siemens Ag | Digitaler Phasen-Frequenz-Detektor |
JP3469827B2 (ja) * | 1999-08-06 | 2003-11-25 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Pll回路 |
TW586270B (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2004-05-01 | Realtek Semiconductor Corp | Phase frequency-detecting circuit for phase lock loop |
-
2003
- 2003-03-13 DE DE10311049A patent/DE10311049A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-02-09 WO PCT/EP2004/001154 patent/WO2004082144A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-02-09 US US10/549,332 patent/US7456661B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-09 EP EP04709233A patent/EP1602174A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3989931A (en) * | 1975-05-19 | 1976-11-02 | Rockwell International Corporation | Pulse count generator for wide range digital phase detector |
EP0283275A2 (de) * | 1987-03-19 | 1988-09-21 | Fujitsu Limited | Phasenkomparatorschaltung |
US20020118006A1 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2002-08-29 | Enam Syed K. | Phase frequency detector |
US6552616B1 (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2003-04-22 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Asynchronous phase detector for a PLD independent of timing requirements |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1602174A1 (de) | 2005-12-07 |
US7456661B2 (en) | 2008-11-25 |
US20070035343A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
DE10311049A1 (de) | 2004-09-23 |
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