WO2004099093A1

WO2004099093A1 - Recycled irrigation water treatment system

Info

Publication number: WO2004099093A1
Application number: PCT/US2003/018468
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter L. Rosen; Robert D. Hodges
Original assignee: Rosen Peter L
Priority date: 2003-04-17
Filing date: 2003-06-11
Publication date: 2004-11-18
Also published as: US6955765B2; AU2003247520A1; US20030217977A1

Abstract

The present invention is a process for irrigation of a golf course, which involves monitoring reclaimed water and treating it when necessary to avoid harmful effects to plantlife. There are a plurality of monitors (5, 9, 11) to obtain results for characteristics including pH, residual chlorine and sodium. Results are inputted to computerized data handling system (3) for data analysis. Other monitors (23, 25, 27, 29) may be included for hardness, turbidity, conductivity and nitrates. When deviations are observed, either alarms (15) are set off and/or treatment occurs. Treatment includes a dechlorination system (17) to correct active chlorine.

Description

RECYCLED IRRIGATION WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION

The present application is a continuation-in-part of copending

United States Patent Application Serial No. 10/022,568, filed on

December 13, 2001, entitled "Golf Course Irrigation Water Monitoring

And Treatment System" by the same inventors herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to irrigation of man-made landscaped

and/or agricultural areas, such as parklands, playing fields, farmland for

produce or flowers, and especially for golf courses. It is particularly

useful for these areas when using reclaimed water. More specifically, the

invention is a process for monitoring and treating reclaimed water to use

reclaimed water efficiently and without harmful effects from undesirable

constituents for the aforesaid irrigation purposes. It includes monitoring numerous water quality characteristics and when predetermined

acceptable parameter ranges see deviations, signaling alarms and/or

treating the undesirable condition with dechlorination. It also includes an

oxidation system for continuous or continual operation.

2. Information Disclosure Statement

The following patents are representative of the state of the art with

respect to various teachings relating to water treatment:

United States patent number 6,214,607 describes a new method of

treating water to remove perchlorate contaminant is disclosed. Water is

fed through a filter bed containing perchlorate-reducing microorganisms.

The microorganisms reduce the perchlorate, thereby decontaminating the

water. An oxidizable substrate serves as an electron donor to the

microorganisms. The invention results in safe to undetectable levels of

perchlorate in the treated water.

United States Patent number 6,200,466 describes a reactor system for

decontamination of water by photolytic oxidation utilizing near blackbody radiation, the system comprising (1) a reaction chamber

defining an internal space with an inlet and an outlet; and (2) a

broadband radiator for generating radiant energy with wavelengths

between about 150 nm and about 3um, the broadband radiator disposed

within the reaction chamber, such that a sufficient dosage of broadband

radiation irradiates the contaminants and/or the oxidant within the

internal space of the reaction chamber thereby causing photolytic

oxidation of the contaminants by direct action of the radiation on the

contaminants to break chemical bonds by sustaining a free radical chain

reaction of oxidizing components, thus breaking down the contaminants

by way of atomic abstraction of the components of the contaminants. In

preferred embodiments, at least a portion of the radiant energy is

generated in a pulsed node, such as between about 1 and 500 pulses per

second. In preferred embodiments, the broadband radiator generates

radiant energy at a rate of between about 1 kW and about 10 MR, and

the resultant dosage rate of broadband radiation is between 1 joule/cm2. In preferred embodiments, the radiant energy is produced by at least one

gas filled flashlamp having a gas plasma temperature of between about

9,500 K and about 20,000 K.

United States Patent number 6,136,186 describes a method and

apparatus for mineralizing organic contaminants in water or air provides

photochemical oxidation in a two-phase boundary system formed in the

pores of a TiO2 membrane in a photocatalytic reactor. In the three-phase

system, gaseous (liquid) oxidant, liquid (gaseous) contaminant, and solid

semiconductor photocatalyst meet and engage in an efficient oxidation

reaction, The porous membrane has pores which have a region wherein

the meniscus of the liquid varies from the molecular diameter if water to

the of a capillary tube resulting in a diffusing layer that is several orders

of magnitude smaller than the closest known reactors. The photocatalytic

reactor operates effectively at temperature and low pressures. A packed-

bed photocatalyst coated particles is also provided. United States Patent number 6,132,138 describes a gray water

recycling invention that utilizes filtered gray water for maintaining

constant moisture levels in building foundations and for other irrigation

uses. It allows for the mixture of pesticides with a gray water stream

injected under a building in order to treat for insects. Additionally,

pesticides, fungicides or fertilizers can be injected into a gray water

stream prior to its application in landscape irrigating. This invention has

application in single residence and fill development real estate settings.

United States Patent number 6,117,335 describes a reactor system for

decontamination of water by photolytic oxidation utilizing near

blackbody radiation, the system comprising (1) a reaction chamber

defining an internal space with an inlet and an outlet; and (2) a

broadband radiator for generating radiant energy with wavelengths

between 150 nm and about 3 μm, the broadband radiator disposed within

the reaction chamber, such that a sufficient dosage of broadband

radiation irradiates the contaminants and/or the oxidant within the internal space of the reaction chamber thereby causing photolytic

oxidation of the contaminants by way of atomic abstraction of the

components of the contaminants. In preferred embodiments, at least a

portion of the radiant energy is generated in a pulsed mood, such as

between 1 and about 500 pulses per second. In preferred embodiments,

the broadband radiator generates radiant energy at a rate of between

about 1 kW and about 10 MW., and the resultant dosage rate of

broadband radiation is between 1 joule/cm and about 5000 joules/cm .

In preferred embodiments, the radiant energy is produced by at least one

gas filled flashlamp having a gas plasma temperature of between 9,500°

K. and about 20,000 ° K.

United States Patent number 5,975,800 relates to a method for

treating groundwater in situ in rock or soil. An elongate permeable

upgradient zone and an elongate permeable downgradient zone, each in

hydraulic communication with a permeable subsurface treatment zone

and having a major axis parallel to a non-zero component of the general flow direction, are provided in the subsurface by any of a number of

construction methods. The upgradient zone, downgradient zone, and

treatment zone are situated within the subsurface medium and have

permeabilities substantially greater than the adjacent subsurface

medium's permeability. Groundwater is allowed to move from the

subsurface medium adjacent to the upgradient zone into the upgradient

zone, where the groundwater refracts and moves to a treatment zone by

an in situ treatment process, such as a process employing air sparging,

sorption or reaction with zero-valent iron, the groundwater moves into,

through and out of the downgradient zone into the subsurface medium

adjacent to the downgradient zone. The method does not require

pumping. A method for directing groundwater around a particular

location to prevent contamination of the groundwater by a contaminant

located at the particular location, to prevent migration of a contaminant

located at a particular location, to reduce the flow velocity of

groundwater in the particular location, or to increase the residence time in an in situ treatment center located downgradient from the particular

location is also disclosed.

United States Patent number 5,958,241 describes a method and a

system for the treatment of organic hazardous wastes from plant waste

and associated wastewater treatment processes, whereby the waste is

either introduced directly, or continuously separated from wastewater,

and routed to a bioreactor, and whereby no organic solids are generated

for further offsite disposal. The system disclosed includes a bioreactor,

containing selected bacteria, untreated sludges, and recirculated biomass,

and a liquid/solid separator allowing water to be utilized elsewhere in the

system and returning solids to the bioreactor. The biodegradation

process, initiated continuously, converts hazardous organic constituents

in waste stream and wastewater sludges from plant operations to inert

materials, for extensive periods of operation, without the need for solids

removal, external solids treatment or disposal. United States Patent number 5,893,975 treats a variety of flowing

wastewater effluents, provides pre-treatment clog-reducing wastewater

sludge disintegration, and adds pretreatment nutrients to wastewater so

as to enhance microbial growth therein for improving the effectiveness

and efficiency of wastewater treatment. The constructed wetland

includes a wastewater treatment system having a flow intake, a pre¬

treatment nutrient addition chamber, and a wastewater flow divider. The

flow divider further has a compressed air aerator in the bottom thereof.

The constructed wetland includes one or more treatment cells having a

soil, fine stone, organic and/or synthetic material substrate cap covering

a further substrate media accommodating the wastewater to be treated.

The substrate cap is populated by natural plants having root systems

extend from the substrate downward into the wastewater being treated,

and the roots serve to physically and/or biologically mediate the removal

of undesirable components from the wastewater. The constructed

wetland includes a treated water discharge conduit for discharging the flowing water into a desired after treatment water utilization modality,

such as to discharge to the ground or to a body of water.

United States Patent number 5,863,433 relates to the design and

operation of paired subsurface flow constructed wetlands in which

significant improvements in wastewater treatment are possible. These

improvements are brought about by coupling paired subsurface flow

wetlands and using reciprocation, whereby adjacent cells are sequentially

and recurrently drained and filled using either gravity, mechanical

pumps, U-tube air-lifts and/or a combination thereof. This fill and drain

technique turns the entire wetland area into a biological reactor,

complete with anoxic, anaerobic environments. The frequency, depth

and duration of the fill and drain cycle can be adjusted to control redox

conditions for specific biologically mediated reactions including, but not

limited to, nitrification, denitrification, sulfate reduction, and

methanogenesis. Emissions of noxious gases such as hydrogen sulfide

and methane can be minimized. Furthermore, by allowing cells to fill to above the level of the substrate by approximately 2 to 4 inches on the fill

cycle, it is possible to enhance algae photosynthesis, increase pH, and

facilitate photo-oxidative reactions.

United States Patent number 5,792,336 describes a two stages

electrocatalytic method for oxidative-purification of wastewater from

soluble substances, such as toxic chemical admixtures difficult of

oxidation, including dye-stuffs, detergents, phenols, cyanides and the

like, which stages inactivate the soluble substances present in the

wastewater in a synergistic fashion and, therefore, are highly efficient,

the method comprising the steps of (a) in a first stage, electrochemically

treating the wastewater in the presence of chlorine ions, such that

chlorine-containing oxidizing agents are formed and at least partially

oxidize the soluble substances in the wastewater; and (b) in a second

stage, catalytically treating the first stage treated wastewater in presence

of a non-chlorine oxidizing agent and an added catalyst, such that

remains of the soluble substances are further oxidized, and such that the chlorine-containing oxidizing agents formed during the first stage are

catalytically reduced; wherein, the first stage and the second stage act

synergistically to purify the wastewater from the soluble substances.

United States Patent No. 4,867,192 describes an automatically

controlled irrigation water pH amendment system and apparatus

associated with golf courses utilizing automatic irrigation system to

irrigate the various species of turf grasses used on fairways, tees, greens

and other areas; being adapted to receive an operator pre-selected

program of desired irrigation water pH value; to monitor the delivered

pH value of the irrigation water and automatically blend into the

irrigation water in the flow circuit between the discharge of the irrigation

pump station pumps and the pH monitoring point the proper amount of

chemical additive to amend-raise or lower-the pH of the delivered

irrigation water. The desideratum is a uniformly blended mixture of

liquid acid or base chemical with irrigation water to maintain a solution

of the water pH value desired by the operator to promote proper agronomic practice in the maintenance of the turf grasses. This objective

has been found to be obtainable by causing the two liquids to be blended

in the proper ratios through the use of an acid tank, pH sensing probe,

sulfuric acid injector pumps, acid manifold, booster pump, flow velocity

measuring device, and a solid-state electrical programmable controller;

connected to the upstream and downstream ports of an ordinary pressure

sustaining valve or differential pressure orifice device as used in the

discharge line of a golf course pumping station.

Notwithstanding the prior art, the present invention is neither

taught nor rendered obvious thereby.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is a process for the irrigation of man-made

landscaped areas, including golf course greenery, utilizing reclaimed

wastewater. In the process, a source or supply of reclaimed water is

procured which is selected from the group consisting of treated sewage

wastewater, untreated sewage wastewater and natural water supply water containing sewage wastewater. The reclaimed water is subjected to a

plurality of monitors for testing to obtain a plurality of test results for

water quality characteristics, that include: (i) pH; (ii) residual chlorine;

and (iii) sodium. Optionally, either total organic compounds or chlorides

may also be included. These monitors are sometimes referred to as

analyzers, and the two terms are used herein interchangeably. The test

results or analyzer results are inputted to a computerized data handling

system for data collection, storage and analysis and for comparison to

predetermined acceptable ranges for each of the aforesaid water quality

characteristics.

Feedback is provided to show any water quality characteristic

deviating from predetermined acceptable ranges that effect signaling

and/or treatment. Feedback is also provided to enable a maintenance

keeper or other grounds personnel or service to determine fertilization

requirements. The reclaimed water is then passed through a dechlorination

system.

The dechlorination system is for treating the reclaimed water with a

dechlorination agent to maintain a level of residual chlorine below a

predetermined maximum of a predetermined acceptable range, and is

activated in response to feedback from the computerized data handling

system when showing deviation from the predetermined acceptable

range for residual chlorine.

In the event that optional organic compound monitoring and treatment

is included in the process, an oxidation system will be included.

The oxidation system is for treating the reclaimed water with an

oxidizing agent to maintain a level of organic compounds below a

predetermined maximum of the predetermined acceptable range. In

essence, the oxidizing system is used to destroy undesirable organics,

including biological organisms, herbicides and pesticides. It is activated

on a continuous or continual basis and could be adjusted by appropriate personnel in response to feedback from the computerized data handling

system when showing deviation from the predetermined acceptable

range for total organic carbon compounds. In preferred embodiments, it

is run on a continuous basis automatically.

The resulting treated reclaimed water is next used to irrigate a golf

course area, unless there is a deviation from one of the water quality

characteristics being monitored which causes an alarm to signal, in

which cause personnel will shut down the irrigation and take corrective

measures, such as by-pass, treat, hold or recycle.

The predetermined acceptable ranges are set in accordance with safe

use conditions prescribed or desired by the user. In some preferred

embodiments, these characteristic parameters are set within the

following ranges:

(i) for residual chlorine, 0 milligrams per liter to 1 milligrams per

liter;

(ii) for pH, 6 to 8; and (iii) for sodium, 0 milligrams per liter to 70 milligrams per liter.

For optional organic compound treatment or optional chloride

compound treatment characteristic parameters are set within the

following ranges:

(iv) for total organic carbon compounds, 0 milligrams per liter to

50 milligrams per liter; and,

(v) for chloride compounds, 0 milligrams per liter to 70

milligrams per liter.

In some embodiments, the data obtained in the process of the

present invention by the computer from the monitors is utilized to

provide control and assessment of turf and plant fertilizer needs. Also,

the data may be logged and stored to create an historical base and the

data may be reviewed or presented to establish water quality trends.

In some preferred embodiments, the process includes at least one

additional monitor to obtain test results selected from the group

consisting of the following water quality characteristics: (vi) hardness; (vii) turbidity; (viii) alkalinity; and (ix) conductivity.

In some preferred embodiments, all of these four water quality

characteristics are included.

In some preferred embodiments, the process predetermined

acceptable ranges for the following water quality characteristics are set

within the following ranges:

(vi) for hardness, 0 to 200 milligrams of calcium carbonate per liter ;

(vii) for turbidity, 0 to 10 nephelometric turbidity units ;

(viii) for alkalinity, 0 to 200 milligrams per liter total alkalinity; and

(ix) for conductivity, o to 4000 microSiemens per centimeter.

As mentioned, the process of the present invention computerized

data handling system provides feedback to show any water quality

characteristic deviation, and the process includes initiating an alarm

selected from the group consisting of audio alarms, visual alarms and

combinations thereof, when selected characteristic deviations occur.

Thus, the alarm(s) would signal in response to deviations for pH, residual chlorine or sodium, and for hardness, alkalinity, turbidity and

conductivity and optional TOC or chloride compounds when monitors

are included for these characteristics. For example, the alarm system may

include direct contact alarm signaling to a groundskeeper superintendent

or other facility manager.

In the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, the

process is one wherein the dechlorination system is a vitamin C

dechlorination system wherein vitamin C agent is fed into the reclaimed

water in response to the computerized data handling system showing a

deviation from the predetermined acceptable range for residual chlorine.

Also, in those embodiments of the present invention that include

TOC treatment, the process is one wherein the oxidation system is

ozone, where in ozone is fed into the reclaimed water at the rate

established by the TOC output. In this embodiment hydrogen peroxide

is fed at the ozone reactor to further promote oxidation. In some embodiments of the present invention process, a nitrate

monitor is included and preferably, the predetermined acceptable ranges

for nitrate are set within the range of 0 to 100 milligrams per liter nitrate

as nitrogen.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention should be more fully understood when the

specification herein is taken in conjunction with the drawings appended

hereto wherein:

Figures 1 and 2 show schematic diagrams for two embodiments

of the present invention golf course irrigation system; and,

Figure 3 illustrates the required and optional features of the

computerized data handling system used in the present invention golf

course irrigation system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The present invention relates to irrigation of man-made or man kept

greenery, such as ball fields, parks, agricultural areas, farmland and

horticulture areas, driving ranges, and golf course areas to maintain

greenery and plantlife. Fairways, greens and surrounding plantlife and

other greenery are more efficiently irrigated with reclaimed or recycled

water. Otherwise, irrigation would be prohibitively expensive and would

involve inefficient use of precious potable water. Many ball parks, fields,

country clubs and public golf courses utilize reclaimed water to irrigate

their facilities. Such reclaimed water is sewage wastewater which has

been treated or untreated (as by negligence, accident or defiance of

applicable laws and ordinances) and may come from a municipal, county

or other government operated or privately operated treatment facility, or

may come from a natural water source, such as a stream, river or other

water source into which treated and/or untreated sewage wastewater has

been dumped. These reclaimed water sources provide essential irrigation water, but sometimes contain undesirable, harmful components, such as

biologically harmful nematodes, pesticides, fungicides and other

organics, chlorine, excess nitrogen and excessive minerals. These and

other water quality characteristics, such as turbidity, pH, alkalinity and

hardness, may either cause or be indicative of components, which cause

harm and even death to vegetation such as grass and plants. For these

reasons, the present invention has been developed to both treat

undesirable reclaimed water constituents and/or set of alarm(s) to signal

to maintenance to shut down or correct problems before the reclaimed

water is used for irrigation. One critical feature of the present invention

is to collect data and to establish predetermined acceptable ranges of

water quality characteristics within which the reclaimed water must fall

or an alarm or treatment or both will occur. Another critical feature is the

automatic initiation and control of dechlorination in response to residual

chlorine levels, being outside of predetermined acceptable ranges. In the present invention, the process involves the use of monitors, a

computerized data handling system, and a dechlorination system.

Referring now to Figure 1, there is shown a schematic representation

of one embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 1, reclaimed water

form any one or more of the sources mentioned above is piped into a golf

course facility via piping 3. A pH monitor 5, a residual chlorine monitor

9 and a sodium monitor 11 are connected to piping 3 for

testing/monitoring of those water quality characteristics. The residual

chlorine monitor (analyzer) could be two different units or a single unit.

However, chloride compound water quality characteristic may be used

for a shutdown determination, whereas the active chlorine water quality

characteristic may be used for an automatic interactive treatment, i. e.

dechlorination. The aforesaid monitors are electronically connected to

computer/data handling system 13 for input thereto of monitor tests

results from the reclaimed water stream of piping 3. Alternatively, these

monitors (and others described below) could be connected to a holding tank, a pond or other natural waterway or other manmade holding

facility, for testing. The details of the functionality of a preferred present

invention computer/data handling system 13 are set forth in conjunction

with Figure 3 below.

In general, the computer/data handling system (CDHS)13 has three

primary objectives: (a) it collects and stores data and retains

predetermined acceptable ranges (criteria) for the data and compares the

data to the criteria; (b) it sets off one or more alarms 15 when the pH, the

residual chloride, or the sodium readings (or other optional water quality

characteristics readings described below) deviate from predetermined

criteria, i. e., set ranges, such as, hypothetically, 0 to 2500 mg/1 or 5 to 7;

and (c) it initiates automatic treatment when the residual chlorine or the

TOCs exceed acceptable criteria.

Thus, piping 3 is connected to dechlorination system 17 for treatment

at the desired times, i. e. as needed, when determined by the

computer/data handling system 13. The CDHS 13 receives the data from the monitors and when the residual chlorine is excessive, it initiates the

dechlorination system 17. The adjusted (treated) reclaimed water is then

sent to a conventional golf course irrigation system 21, such as automatic

sprinklers, etc. As an extra precaution, residual chlorine monitoring and

pH monitoring may be also conducted post-dechlorination to confirm

that levels remain within acceptable ranges after treatment. If these post-

treatment monitorings show unacceptable results, then adjustments may

be included in the programming, or alarms or shutdowns may be

proscribed, depending upon the facilities, system and risk management

of the user.

Figure 2 shows another present invention system with more options

and preferred details. Here items identical to those shown in Figure 1 are

identically numbered, and, to the extent that they are not further

described here, function as described here conjunction with Figure 1

above. In Figure 2, additional monitors have been included. These are

the optional TOC monitor 7, hardness monitor 23, alkalinity monitor 25, conductivity monitor 27 and turbidity monitor 29. They are connected to

the piping3 for reclaimed water analysis and, when excessive are alarm

initiation water quality characteristics. All of these monitors, any one of

these or any combination of these, could be included within the scope of

the present invention, and Figure 2 represents only one preferred

embodiment.

In Figure 2, the dechlorination system is specified as Vitamin C

dechlorination, and this is clearly the preferred dechlorination agent. An

optional holding pond 31 for storage is also shown downstream from the

treatment stage, and upstream from the actual irrigation. In this

embodiment, the reclaimed, monitored and treated, as needed water is

stored until needed.

Referring to Figure 3, the diagram shows the details of the

computerized data handling system 51, illustrating required functions 53

and optional functions 55. EXAMPLE

The system of the present invention shown in Figure 1 above with the

functions shown in Figure 3 is deployed at a privately owned golf course

utilizing ponded (lagooned) municipal wastewater and storm water

runoff for the reclaimed water. The municipal wastewater undergoes

primary and secondary sludge wastewater treatment before ponding.

The following monitors are included:

(1) pH Monitor- EC 310 Model from Hach Company, measures full

range from ) 1 to 14.

(2) Hardness Monitor- SP 510 Harness Monitor from Hach

Company, measures hardness expressed as ppm, and as mg

calcium carbonate per liter.

(3) Alkalinity Monitor- APA Alkalinity Process Analyzer from Hach

Company, measures total alkalinity as ppm.

(4) Conductivity Monitor- Model 9782 Conductivity Analyzer from Honeywell Company, measures micromhos and megohms per

cm.

(5) Turbidity Monitor- Model 1720D Turbidimeter from Hach

Company, measure turbidity in nephelometric turbidity units

(NTU), with a 0 to 100 range and 0.001 resolution.

(6) Chloride compound/residual chlorine Monitor- Model CL17

Chlorine Analyzer from Hach Company, measures free (active)

chlorine and total chlorine content, range of 0 to 5 mg per liter.

(7) Sodium Monitor- HACH Model 9073 Sodium Analyzer

measures soluble sodium, range of 0 to 10,000 ppm.

(8) Nitrate Monitor- APA 6000 Nitrate Analyzer measures

soluble nitrates a nitrogen in mg per liter, ppm and ppb.

The system includes post treatment ponding and a conventional

irrigation system. As the reclaimed monitor is piped into the system, all

of the monitors, either periodically or by preprogrammed schedule, or in

some cases, continuously monitor the system. As the reclaimed water passes through with all water quality characteristics measuring within

predetermined ranges, the water is simply fed to the holding pond as

needed. When the residual chlorine exceeds the desired range, the

dechlorination system is initiated and will run until the readings fall

within the acceptable range. As a precaution, post treatment readings are

also taken and, if unfavorable, the computer may increase treatment,

signal an alarm, shutdown the flow or some combination thereof.

Likewise, in those situations where optional TOC monitoring and

treatment are included, when the TOC exceeds its acceptable range, the

oxidation system feed rate will be adjusted to increase dosage until the

TOC readings fall back into the acceptable range. When any one or more

of the other monitored water quality characteristics exceed their

acceptable ranges, either an alarm will signal and/or a shutdown will

occur. The system results in the avoidance of harmful factors being

entered into the irrigation system and damaged and/or destroyed plantlife

is eliminated.

Claims

Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the presentinvention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is thereforeunderstood that within the scope of the appended claims, the inventionmay be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein,i WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A process for irrigation of man-made landscaped areas, which

comprises:

(a) procuring a supply of reclaimed water selected from the group

consisting of treated sewage wastewater, untreated sewage wastewater

and natural water supply water containing sewage wastewater;

(b) subjecting said reclaimed water to a plurality monitors and testing

said reclaimed water with said plurality of monitors to obtain a plurality

of test results for water quality characteristics, including:

0) PH;

(ii) residual chlorine; and,

(iii) sodium; (c) inputting said test results to a computerized data handling system for

data collection, storage and analysis for comparison to predetermined

acceptable ranges for each of said water quality characteristics, and

providing feedback to show any water quality characteristic

deviating from said acceptable ranges;

(d) providing a dechlorination system to said reclaimed water for treating

said reclaimed water with a dechlorination agent to maintain a level of

residual chlorine below a predetermined maximum of said predetermined

acceptable range, and activating said dechlorination system in response

to feedback from said computerized data handling system when showing

deviation from said predetermined acceptable range for residual

chlorine; and,

(e) irrigating a man-made landscaped area with reclaimed water which

has been processed in accordance with the preceding steps.

2. The process of claim 1 wherein said plurality of monitors includes at

least one additional monitor to obtain test results selected from the group

consisting of the following water quality characteristics:

(a) hardness;

(b) turbidity;

(c) alkalinity; and

(d) conductivity.

3. The process of claim 1 wherein said plurality of monitors includes

additional monitors to obtain test results for the following water quality

characteristics:

(e) hardness;

(f) turbidity;

(g) alkalinity; and

(h) conductivity.

4. The process of claim 1 wherein said providing feedback to show any

water quality characteristic deviation includes initiating an alarm

selected from the group consisting of audio alarms, visual alarms and

combinations thereof.

5. The process of claim 4 wherein said alarm is initiated in response to

feedback showing any deviation from water quality characteristics

selected from the group consisting of residual chlorine and sodium.

6. The process of claim 2 wherein said providing feedback to show any

water quality characteristic deviation includes initiating an alarm

selected from the group consisting of audio alarms, visual alarms and

combinations thereof.

7. The process of claim 6 wherein said alarm is initiated in response to

feedback showing any deviation from water quality characteristics selected from the group consisting of pH, residual chlorine, sodium,

hardness, turbidity, alkalinity and conductivity.

8. The process of claim 1 wherein said dechlorination system is a

vitamin C dechlorination system wherein vitamin C is fed into said

reclaimed water in response to said computerized data handling system

showing a deviation from said predetermined acceptable range for active

chlorine.

9. A process for irrigation of a golf course, which comprises:

(a) procuring a supply of reclaimed water selected from the group

consisting of treated sewage wastewater, untreated sewage wastewater

and natural water supply water containing sewage wastewater;

(b) subjecting said reclaimed water to a plurality monitors and testing

said reclaimed water with said plurality of monitors to obtain a plurality

of test results for water quality characteristics, including:

(i) pH; (ii) residual chlorine; and,

(iii) sodium;

(c) inputting said test results to a computerized data handling system for

data collection, storage and analysis for comparison to predetermined

acceptable ranges for each of said water quality characteristics, and

providing feedback to show any water quality characteristic

deviating from said acceptable ranges;

(d) providing a dechlorination system to said reclaimed water for treating

said reclaimed water with a dechlorination agent to maintain a level of

active chlorine below a predetermined maximum of said predetermined

acceptable range, and activating said dechlorination system in response

to feedback from said computerized data handling system when showing

deviation from said predetermined acceptable range for active chlorine;

and,

(e) irrigating a golf course area with reclaimed water which has been

processed in accordance with the preceding steps; wherein said predetermined acceptable ranges are set within the

following ranges:

(i) for residual chlorine, 0 milligrams per liter to 1 milligrams

per liter;

(ii) for pH, 6 to 8; and,

(iii) for sodium, 0 milligrams per liter to 70 milligrams per liter.

10. The process of claim 9 wherein said plurality of monitors includes

at least one additional monitor to obtain test results selected from the

group consisting of the following water quality characteristics:

(vi) hardness;

(vii) turbidity;

(viii) alkalinity; and

(ix) conductivity.

11. The process of claim 9 wherein said plurality of monitors includes

additional monitors to obtain test results for the following water quality

characteristics: (j) hardness;

(k) turbidity;

(1) alkalinity; and

(m) conductivity.

12. The process of claim 9 wherein said providing feedback to show

any water quality characteristic deviation includes initiating an alarm

selected from the group consisting of audio alarms, visual alarms and

combinations thereof.

13. The process of claim 12 wherein said alarm is initiated in response

to feedback showing any deviation from water quality characteristics

selected from the group consisting of residual chlorine and sodium.

14. The process of claim 10 wherein said providing feedback to show

any water quality characteristic deviation includes initiating an alarm selected from the group consisting of audio alarms, visual alarms and

combinations thereof.

15. The process of claim 14 wherein said alarm is initiated in response

to feedback showing any deviation from water quality characteristics

selected from the group consisting of pH, residual chlorine, sodium,

hardness, turbidity, alkalinity and conductivity.

16. The process of claim 9 wherein said dechlorination system is a

vitamin C dechlorination system wherein vitamin C is fed into said

reclaimed water in response to said computerized data handling system

showing a deviation from said predetermined acceptable range for active

chlorine.

17. The process of claim 10 wherein said predetermined acceptable

ranges for the following water quality characteristics are set within the

following ranges:

(vi) for hardness, 0 to 200 milligrams of calcium carbonate per liter ;

(vii) for turbidity, 0 to 10 nephelometric turbidity units ;

(viii) for alkalinity, 0 to 200 milligrams per liter total alkalinity; and

(ix) for conductivity, o to 4000 microSiemens per centimeter.

18. The process of claim 11 wherein said predetermined acceptable

ranges for the following water quality characteristics are set within the

following ranges:

(vi) for hardness, 0 to 200 milligrams of calcium carbonate per liter ;

(vii) for turbidity, 0 to 10 nephelometric turbidity units ;

(viii) for alkalinity, 0 to 200 milligrams per liter total alkalinity; and

(ix) for conductivity, o to 4000 microSiemens per centimeter.

19. The process of claim 9 wherein said plurality of monitors includes a

nitrate monitor.

20. The process of claim 19 wherein predetermined acceptable ranges

for nitrate are set within the range of 0 to 100 milligrams per liter nitrate

as nitrogen.