WO2004113965A1 - フォトニック結晶の製造方法およびフォトニック結晶 - Google Patents
フォトニック結晶の製造方法およびフォトニック結晶 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004113965A1 WO2004113965A1 PCT/JP2004/008693 JP2004008693W WO2004113965A1 WO 2004113965 A1 WO2004113965 A1 WO 2004113965A1 JP 2004008693 W JP2004008693 W JP 2004008693W WO 2004113965 A1 WO2004113965 A1 WO 2004113965A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/13—Integrated optical circuits characterised by the manufacturing method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/02—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of crystals, e.g. rock-salt, semi-conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/1225—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths comprising photonic band-gap structures or photonic lattices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photonic crystal manufacturing method and a photonic crystal.
- a photonic crystal that exhibits a photonic band gap (hereinafter simply referred to as a “band gap”) can be used as an element that controls light and electromagnetic waves.
- the photonic crystal can be used as a transmission line.
- Photonic crystals ⁇
- the periodic structure of the permittivity is two-dimensional (hereinafter referred to as “two-dimensional periodic structure”)
- the photonic crystal and the periodic structure of the permittivity are three-dimensional It is roughly divided into photonic crystals.
- the first photonic crystal fabricated is a three-dimensional periodic structure called "yablonovite" j shown in Fig. 21 (e. Yablonovitch, TJ Gmitter and KM Leung: Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 2295). (See 1991.)
- the jabronobite is formed at an angle of 35.26 ° with respect to the normal line from each of the openings 82 triangularly arranged at predetermined intervals in the dielectric block 81. It is produced by piercing at an interval of 120 ° from the direction.
- reference numerals 82a to 82c indicate the piercing direction.
- photonic crystals Since Jabronobite, many photonic crystals have been proposed, regardless of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional periodic structures. These photonic crystals are manufactured using micromachine technology, wafer fusion, semiconductor microfabrication technology, self-S-cloning technology, polymer polymerization reaction using two-photon absorption, stereolithography, dry etching, etc. (Hereinafter collectively referred to as “micro-machine technology”).
- micro-machine technology In addition to the method using micromachine technology and the like, a method for producing a photonic crystal using an epitaxy crystal growth method (see JP-A-2001-237616) and a method using a mounter device (see JP-A-2001-37616). — See 237617 publication).
- Photonic crystals are made using two or more substances with different dielectric constants.
- air is often used as one of these types, but in recent years, dielectrics used in semiconductor technologies such as Si and Ga As, and polymer materials, photocurable resins, and dielectric ceramics have been combined. It has also been proposed to produce a nick crystal (see, for example, JP-A-2001-237716 and JP-A-2001-237617).
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a photonic crystal excellent in mass productivity and the like. It is another object of the present invention to provide a technique for easily obtaining a small and high-performance photonic crystal and a technique for obtaining a photonic crystal having a fine pattern. Disclosure of the invention
- the present inventors have made various studies. As a result, it is effective to stack a plurality of composite dielectrics in which the first dielectric and the second dielectric having a relative dielectric constant different from that of the first dielectric are periodically arranged in the same plane. It was found that That is, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a photonic crystal in which a first dielectric and a second dielectric having a relative permittivity different from that of the first dielectric are periodically arranged. A first composite dielectric in which a dielectric and a second dielectric are periodically arranged in the same plane is produced, and the first composite dielectric includes a first dielectric and a second dielectric. Is a method of manufacturing a photonic crystal characterized by laminating a second composite dielectric periodically arranged in the same plane.
- the method for producing a photonic crystal of the present invention includes the first form and the second form, which are the two forms, depending on the material constituting the first dielectric and the second dielectric.
- the first dielectric is composed of dielectric ceramics
- the second dielectric is composed of air.
- both the first dielectric and the second dielectric are made of dielectric ceramics.
- the first composite dielectric and the second composite dielectric in which holes penetrating in the thickness direction are formed in a predetermined pattern are laminated, and voids in the predetermined pattern are periodically arranged.
- a dielectric block can be obtained.
- Dielectric ceramics have a higher dielectric constant than dielectrics used in semiconductor technologies such as Si and GaAs, polymer materials, and photocurable resins.
- the size of the photonic crystal can be reduced.
- the ratio of the relative dielectric constant of both dielectrics can be increased, so that a wide band gap can be obtained.
- the first and second composite dielectrics can be obtained by perforating a sheet-like member. It should be noted that perforation may be performed for each sheet-like member, or a plurality of perforations may be performed depending on the thickness of the sheet-like member.
- a composite dielectric material obtained by perforating a sheet-like member is provided. By stacking the bodies, a predetermined pattern of voids is periodically arranged in the dielectric block. As a result, it is possible to form voids of a predetermined pattern in the dielectric block in a short time without requiring a complicated process.
- a photonic crystal of the present invention is characterized in that a perforated thin composite dielectric is prepared in advance and laminated to obtain a dielectric block in which voids of a predetermined pattern are periodically arranged. According to the manufacturing method, a photonic crystal having a finer pattern than before can be obtained.
- photonic crystals can be used for optical waveguides by providing defects, but it is difficult to introduce point defects into dielectric blocks fabricated by conventional methods.
- the photonic crystal manufacturing method of the present invention in which the perforated composite dielectric is laminated, it is easy to obtain a dielectric block in which point defects are introduced.
- first and second composite dielectrics may be obtained by a printing method such as screen printing. .
- the lamination of the first and second composite dielectrics can also be performed by the printing method.
- a dielectric block is manufactured by a novel method of laminating a composite dielectric in which holes penetrating in a thickness direction are formed in a predetermined pattern. Therefore, at the time when the lamination of the first and second composite dielectrics is completed, the dielectric block should be configured such that a gap of a predetermined pattern penetrates the front and back surfaces and air is disposed in the gap. Can be.
- the method of the present invention is advantageous in that the gap of the predetermined pattern can be formed in a short time and with high accuracy as compared with the method of forming the gap of the predetermined pattern by performing dry etching or the like.
- the above-described method for manufacturing a photonic crystal of the present invention can be applied to either a case where a photonic crystal having a two-dimensional periodic structure is manufactured or a case where a photonic crystal having a three-dimensional periodic structure is manufactured. . That is, a photonic crystal having not only a two-dimensional periodic structure but also a three-dimensional periodic structure can be obtained by appropriately selecting the pattern of the holes formed in the ceramic composition.
- the present invention is used to fabricate a photonic crystal having a two-dimensional periodic structure, the time required for fabricating a photonic crystal can be significantly shorter than in the past.
- the first dielectric and the second dielectric having a relative dielectric constant different from that of the first dielectric are provided, and the first dielectric and the second dielectric are provided.
- the body is a photonic crystal arranged at a predetermined period, and a dielectric block made of dielectric ceramics having a void having a diameter of 2 mm or less formed in a predetermined pattern constitutes a first dielectric, and the inside of the void is formed. It is possible to produce a photonic crystal characterized by the fact that the air present in the air constitutes the second dielectric.
- the first mode in which the first dielectric is composed of dielectric ceramics and the second dielectric is composed of air has been described, but then the first dielectric and the second dielectric are either The second embodiment composed of dielectric ceramics will also be described. .
- both the first dielectric and the second dielectric are dielectric ceramics.
- Dielectric ceramics have a higher dielectric constant than dielectrics used in semiconductor technologies such as Si and GaAs, polymer materials, and photocurable resins. For this reason, a small and high-strength photonic crystal can be obtained by using both the first dielectric and the second dielectric as dielectric ceramics.
- the bandgap of the first dielectric ceramic and the second dielectric ceramic can be increased. An otonic crystal can be obtained.
- dielectric ceramics are also advantageous in that they have a smaller material loss than dielectrics used in semiconductor technology, polymer materials, and photocurable resins.
- the second form includes two forms.
- a sheet-shaped first composite dielectric and a second composite dielectric in which holes penetrating in a thickness direction are formed in a predetermined pattern are laminated, and a predetermined shape is formed.
- the feature [5] is that the method includes a step of obtaining a dielectric block in which voids of the pattern are periodically arranged and a step of arranging a second dielectric in the voids.
- a dielectric block is prepared in advance and then a hole is formed in the dielectric block to form a predetermined pattern of voids.
- the dielectric block is formed by laminating perforated composite dielectrics. Then, a predetermined pattern of voids is periodically arranged. As a result, it is possible to form voids of a predetermined pattern in the dielectric block in a short time without requiring a complicated process.
- the through-hole may be perforated for each composite dielectric, or may be perforated depending on the thickness of the composite dielectric.
- a photonic crystal having a three-dimensional periodic structure as well as a two-dimensional periodic structure can be obtained.
- a perfect band gap could be obtained by arranging an air column on a triangular lattice in a dielectric as a two-dimensional periodic structure photonic crystal that could obtain a complete band gap.
- the fabrication was difficult due to the small thickness of the steel.
- a dielectric block in which voids of a predetermined pattern are periodically arranged is obtained, and then a second dielectric is provided in the voids of the dielectric block. If a dielectric is filled, it is easy to obtain a two-dimensional periodic structure of a photo-etched crystal that can obtain a complete band gap.
- the dielectric block may be configured such that a gap of a predetermined pattern penetrates the front and back surfaces. After making the dielectric block, dry etching etc. is performed on the dielectric block
- the method of the present invention is advantageous in that the gap of the predetermined pattern can be formed in a short time and with high accuracy as compared with the method of forming the gap of the predetermined pattern.
- a method of making the second dielectric into a slurry state and filling the slurry in the gap of the dielectric block is a filling step. Is effective in simplifying and reducing the time.
- the second dielectric is contained in the slurry as a powder.
- a method of filling the second dielectric a method of growing a dielectric by epitaxy crystal has also been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-237716).
- the types of dielectrics on which epitaxial crystals can be grown are naturally limited, and enormous time is required for epitaxially growing dielectrics to a predetermined thickness.
- the second method is more effective than when epitaxial crystal growth is used.
- the process of filling the second dielectric into the gaps of the dielectric block can be completed in a short time.
- the slurry-like second dielectric When the slurry-like second dielectric is filled in the gap of the dielectric block, a method using suction or pressure is suitable.
- the slurry containing the second dielectric hereinafter, referred to as
- the first dielectric and the second dielectric can be simultaneously fired.
- the first dielectric and the second dielectric are preliminarily selected so as to satisfy the condition that simultaneous firing is possible.
- the molded body obtained by drying the dielectric block filled with the second dielectric may be used as it is as a photonic crystal, but by using a sintered body, the mechanical strength and the dielectric constant are further improved. I do.
- the thickness of the composite dielectric it is desirable that the thickness of the composite dielectric be 1 to 800 ⁇ 8 ⁇ .
- the thickness of the composite dielectric By setting the thickness of the composite dielectric within this range, it is possible to improve the handling when forming a predetermined pattern of holes in the composite dielectric. If the sheet thickness is too large, the cross-sectional shape of the hole tends to be distorted. If a dielectric block is formed by laminating composite dielectrics having irregular cross-sectional shapes of holes, the pattern of the voids in the dielectric block cannot be formed into a desired pattern. It becomes difficult to obtain a photonic crystal having a desired band gap. On the other hand, by setting the thickness of the dielectric sheet to 1 to 800 m, it becomes possible to form voids having a desired pattern in the dielectric block while improving handling. .
- the above-described method for manufacturing a photonic crystal of the present invention can be applied to either a case where a photonic crystal having a two-dimensional periodic structure is manufactured or a case where a photonic crystal having a three-dimensional periodic structure is manufactured. This is as described above.
- a second mode (second mode) of the second mode will be described.
- the twelfth aspect is to summarize a ceramic composite (composite dielectric) in which a plurality of dielectric ceramics are periodically arranged in the same plane.
- the first composite dielectric and the second composite dielectric are provided with the first ceramic composition constituting the first dielectric at a portion corresponding to the first dielectric, and It is characterized by being produced by disposing a second ceramic composition constituting a second dielectric at a site corresponding to the dielectric.
- the first 'ceramic composition is composed of a mixture of a powdery first dielectric ceramic, a dispersion medium, a binder resin and the like.
- the second ceramic composition is composed of a mixture of a powdery second dielectric ceramic, a dispersion medium, a binder resin, and the like.
- the method of disposing the first and second ceramic compositions is not particularly limited. For example, both compositions can be disposed on the same plane by using a printing method.
- the arrangement of the first ceramics composition and the second ceramic composition may be performed by disposing only the first ceramic composition in a predetermined area.
- a mode in which the second ceramic composition is provided (or vice versa) is exemplified.
- the first ceramic composition and the second ceramic composition may be printed in a predetermined area in a single printing step using, for example, a Daravia printing method.
- the above-described second to second modes include two modes for laminating the ceramic composite.
- the first mode is to form a plurality of ceramic composites including the first ceramic composition and the second ceramic composition in advance, and then stack the ceramic composites.
- a ceramic composite is produced by first disposing only the first ceramic composition and then disposing the second ceramic composition. Then, the first ceramic composition (or the second ceramic yarn composition) is provided on the ceramic composite, and thereafter, the first ceramic composition (or the first ceramic composition) is subjected to the first ceramic composition. Arrange Yagata. By repeating this process, the ceramic composite is laminated.
- the method for producing a photonic crystal of the present invention may further include the step of firing the laminate of the ceramic composite.
- the first dielectric ceramics contained in the first ceramic composition and the second dielectric ceramic contained in the second ceramic composition are simultaneously fired. It will be. Therefore, when performing the firing step, the first dielectric ceramic and the second dielectric ceramic are selected in advance so as to satisfy the condition that simultaneous firing is possible.
- the ceramic composite laminate may be used as it is as a photonic crystal, but by using a sintered body as described above, the mechanical strength and the dielectric constant are further improved.
- the above-described method for manufacturing a photonic crystal of the present invention can be applied to a case where a photonic crystal having a two-dimensional periodic structure is manufactured and a case where a photonic crystal having a three-dimensional periodic structure is manufactured. Is as described above. According to the above-mentioned 2-1 form or 2-2 form, the block-shaped first dielectric material is formed. 2004/008693
- a columnar second dielectric having a relative dielectric constant different from that of the first dielectric is a photonic crystal arranged at a predetermined period, wherein the first dielectric and the second dielectric are
- the second dielectric is composed of dielectric ceramics, the second dielectric is composed of a plurality of cylindrical members having a diameter of 2 mm or less, and the second dielectric is the front and back surfaces of the first dielectric.
- New photonic crystals arranged at predetermined intervals so as to penetrate through.
- FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a photonic crystal according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the photonic crystal in the first embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a dielectric that can be used in the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a table showing the dielectric properties of ceramics
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a photonic crystal according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart for producing a photonic crystal by a sheet method
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a process of fabricating the dielectric block shown in FIG. 5
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an example of a pattern used when fabricating a photonic crystal having a two-dimensional periodic structure
- FIG. 8 is a photonic.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart for producing photonic crystals by printing method
- FIG. 10 schematically shows the printing process in FIG. Fig. 11, Fig. 11 is a flow chart for manufacturing a photonic crystal by the printing method
- Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the ceramic composite manufacturing process shown in Fig. 11
- Fig. 13 is Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the laminating process shown in Fig. 11
- Fig. 14 is a flow chart for producing a photonic crystal by a printing method
- Fig. 15 is a dielectric material shown in Fig. 14.
- FIG. 16 schematically shows a block manufacturing process.
- FIG. 16 schematically shows a block manufacturing process.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart in the case where a photonic crystal is manufactured by a printing method.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the printing process shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a modification for obtaining a ceramic composite.
- FIG. 19 is a photograph of sample 1 having a two-dimensional periodic structure obtained in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 20 shows the reflection and reflection of sample 1 having the two-dimensional periodic structure obtained in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a Yablonovite known as a photonic crystal. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a method for producing a photonic crystal of the present invention.
- a photonic crystal 100 is produced by laminating and integrating thin green sheets (composite dielectrics, sheet-like members) 11. It is characterized by.
- the photonic crystal 100 includes a first dielectric part 1 composed of a first dielectric and a second dielectric part 2 composed of a second dielectric.
- the present invention relates to a mode in which one of a first dielectric and a second dielectric is a dielectric ceramic and the other is air (hereinafter, referred to as a “first mode”). And a form in which both of the second dielectric and the second dielectric are dielectric ceramics (hereinafter referred to as “second form”).
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the photonic crystal in the first embodiment.
- the photonic crystal 100 includes a first dielectric part 1 and a second dielectric part 2.
- the photonic crystal 100 has a two-dimensional periodic structure, and the second dielectric portion 2 is arranged to penetrate the front and back surfaces of the photonic crystal 100.
- the dielectric ceramics constitute the first dielectric part 1, and the air as the dielectric constitutes the second dielectric part 2.
- the dielectric ceramic constituting the first dielectric part 1 has a higher dielectric constant than dielectrics used in semiconductor technologies such as Si and GaAs, polymer materials, and photocurable resins.
- the element can be reduced in size. This is because the wavelength in the dielectric is inversely proportional to the square root of the relative permittivity, and a material having a higher relative permittivity has a greater wavelength shortening effect, which is advantageous for downsizing the device.
- the air constituting the second dielectric portion 2 has an advantage that the loss is small.
- the relative dielectric constant of air is 1, by using air as the second dielectric, the ratio between the relative dielectric constant of the first dielectric part 1 and the relative dielectric constant of the second dielectric part 2 is reduced. Can be larger. As the ratio between the relative permittivity of the first dielectric portion 1 and the relative permittivity of the second dielectric portion 2 increases, a wider band gap can be formed. As described above, by using dielectric ceramics as the first dielectric and air as the second dielectric, a wide band gap can be formed, thereby achieving low loss and miniaturization of the element. An advantageous photonic crystal 100 can be obtained.
- the air as the second dielectric exists in a columnar void having a diameter of 2 mm or less.
- the photonic crystal 100 is manufactured by laminating the ceramics composition in which holes penetrating in the thickness direction are formed in a predetermined pattern. It is possible to form a suitable gap in the photonic crystal 100. In order to increase the strength of the photonic crystal 100, it is effective to reduce the size of the void in which the second dielectric is arranged, that is, the size of the second dielectric part 2.
- the arrangement, size, shape, and the like of the void in which the second dielectric is arranged can be appropriately set according to the characteristics required for the photonic crystal 100. Therefore, the size of the gap in which the second dielectric is arranged can be larger than 2 mm in diameter, and the gap can be formed not in a columnar shape but in a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the dielectric ceramic as the first dielectric is appropriately selected according to the characteristics required for the photonic crystal 100.
- the ratio between the relative permittivity of the first dielectric and the relative permittivity of the second dielectric increases, a wider band gap can be formed. Those having a high relative dielectric constant are desirable. The desirable relative permittivity ratio depends on the characteristics of the photonic crystal 100 to be finally obtained.
- a dielectric ceramic having a small material loss in a used frequency band is preferable as the first dielectric. This is because when the photonic crystal 100 is manufactured using dielectric ceramics, the material loss due to those substances cannot be ignored depending on the use of the photonic crystal 100. By constructing the photonic crystal 100 using air with almost zero loss and no need to consider the loss and dielectric ceramic with low loss, the device using the photonic crystal 100 can be further improved. It can be of low loss.
- the A 1 2 ⁇ 3 based ceramics is compositionally a system containing A 1 2 0 3 only systems containing, or A 1 2 0 3 other minor amounts of additives, A as a main component the crystal structure of 1 2 0 3 is meant that held. The same applies to other ceramics.
- Figure 3 shows the relative dielectric constant, Q ⁇ f (product of Q value and frequency), and f (temperature coefficient of resonance frequency) of typical dielectric ceramics described above.
- the specific high dielectric constant, low loss, and B a superior in ⁇ characteristics 0_T i 0 2 - rare earth ceramics (B a, Pb) Nd 2 T 0 12 system Serra Mix, (B a, P b) (N d, B i) 2 T i 4 0 2 ceramics are particularly desirable arbitrariness.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a photonic crystal according to the second embodiment.
- the photonic crystal 10OA includes a first dielectric part 1A and a second dielectric part 2A.
- the first dielectric part 1A is made of a first dielectric ceramic
- the second dielectric part 2A is made of a second dielectric ceramic.
- the photonic crystal 10OA has a two-dimensional periodic structure, and the second dielectric part 2A penetrates the front and back surfaces of the photonic crystal 10OA.
- the photonic crystal 10OA in the second embodiment is characterized in that dielectric ceramics are used for both the first dielectric portion 1A and the second dielectric portion 2A.
- dielectric ceramics are used for both the first dielectric portion 1A and the second dielectric portion 2A.
- the first dielectric ceramic and the second dielectric ceramic can be made of, for example, a barium titanate-based ceramic, a lead titanate-based ceramic, or a strontium titanate-based ceramic according to the characteristics required for the photonic crystal 10 OA. It is appropriately selected from ceramics, titanium dioxide-based ceramics, barium 'neody' titanium-based ceramics, alumina-based ceramics, silica-based ceramics, glass composite materials, and the like.
- the first dielectric ceramics and the second dielectric ceramics are set so that the ratio between the relative dielectric constant of the first dielectric ceramic and the relative dielectric constant of the second dielectric ceramic increases. Select 2 dielectric ceramics respectively.
- the relative dielectric constant of high-frequency dielectric ceramics is about 3 to 100, so when selecting a first dielectric ceramic having a low relative dielectric constant, the second dielectric ceramic must be used. By selecting a material having a high relative dielectric constant, a wide band gap can be formed. Conversely, the first dielectric ceramic has a high relative dielectric constant and the second dielectric ceramic has a low relative dielectric constant. A gap may be formed.
- the desirable ratio of the relative permittivity depends on the characteristics of the photonic crystal 10OA desired to be finally obtained.
- dielectric ceramics having a small material loss in a frequency band to be used are selected. This is because when photonic crystal 10OA is manufactured using a plurality of dielectric ceramics, material loss due to those substances cannot be ignored depending on the use of photonic crystal 10OA. . By forming the photonic crystal 10OA using the dielectric ceramics having a small loss, the element using the photonic crystal 10OA can have a low loss.
- the first dielectric portion 1A and the second dielectric portion 2A of the photo-etch crystal 10OA in the present embodiment are simultaneously fired. Therefore, as the first dielectric ceramics and the second dielectric ceramics, those capable of being simultaneously fired, specifically, those having matching heat shrinkage are selected. Whether or not the heat shrinkage is matched can be determined by the shrinkage ratio and the like when firing at the same temperature.
- the first dielectric ceramic and the second dielectric ceramic are selected.
- the first dielectric ceramics and the second dielectric ceramics are set so that the ratio of the relative dielectric constants of the first dielectric ceramics and the second dielectric ceramics increases.
- the following describes an example in which a photonic crystal 10 OA is manufactured using a dielectric ceramic having a low relative dielectric constant as a ceramic and a dielectric ceramic having a high relative dielectric constant as a second dielectric ceramic. Will be described.
- the first dielectric ceramic constituting the first dielectric portion 1A a ceramic material having a low relative dielectric constant, a glass composite material, or the like is used. Specifically, B a OS i 0 2 - A 1 2 0 3 - B 2 0 3 based ceramic and S i 0 2 based ceramics, B 2 0 3 based ceramic, 2Mg OS i 0 2 based ceramic, A 1 2 0 3 based ceramic box, a 1 2 0 3 - T I_ ⁇ 2 ceramic, the Z R_ ⁇ 2 ceramic or the like can be used as the first dielectric ceramics. These are all suitable as the first dielectric ceramics because their relative dielectric constants are as low as about 2 to 20 and the dielectric loss is low.
- the second dielectric ceramic constituting the second dielectric portion 2A a ceramic material having a high relative dielectric constant, a glass composite material, or the like is used. Specifically, B a ON d 2 0 3 -T i 0 2 - B 2 0 3 - Z n 0 2 -C u O based ceramic or A 1 2 0 3-T i 0 2 based ceramics, T i 0 Series 2 ceramics, B a O—B i 2 0 3 — N d 2 0 3 -T i 0 Series 2 ceramics, B aO— B i 2 ⁇ 3 — N d 2 ⁇ 3 — T i 0 2 — S r T i 0 3 based ceramic, B aO-PbO- Nd 2 ⁇ 3 - T i 0 2 based ceramics, B a N d 2 T i 5 0 14 -based ceramics, B a Sm 2 T i 5 0 14 -based ceramic
- System ceramics (Z r, S n) T I_ ⁇ 4 ceramic, B a (Zn, T a ) 0 3 system ceramics, B a (Mg, T a ) 0 3 based ceramic, Mg T i 0 3 — CaTiO 3 ceramics or the like can be used as the second dielectric ceramic. These are all suitable as the second dielectric ceramics because their relative dielectric constants are as high as about 5 to 200 and their dielectric loss is low.
- Second dielectric ceramics B a O— S i 0 2 — A 1 2 0 3 — B 2 0 3 dielectric ceramics (relative permittivity 6.4) Second dielectric ceramics:
- the relative permittivity ⁇ is 6.4, B a ⁇ — S i ⁇ 2 — A 1 2 0 3 —B 2 0 3 dielectric ceramics and B aO— Nd 2 0 3 — T i 0 2 — B 2 0 3 —Zn 2 — CuO-based dielectric ceramics with relative permittivity of 75.4
- the combination with is particularly desirable. This combination has a large relative permittivity ratio of about 11.8, and matches the heat shrinkage, so that simultaneous firing is possible.
- the photonic crystal 10OA is formed using a plurality of types of dielectric ceramics, that is, the first dielectric ceramic and the second dielectric ceramic. As a result, the strength of the product can be improved.
- the photonic crystal 100 using dielectric ceramics and air, and the photonic crystal 10OA using two types of dielectric ceramics have been described in detail above.
- the dimensions of the photonic crystals 100 and 100A need to be determined according to the frequency used. For example, when the periodic structure for 4 to 5 periods in the K band (18 to 26.5 GHz) is used, the dimensions of the photonic crystals 100 and 100A in the first and second embodiments are 8 It is about 12 mm x 2 to 6 mm x 16 to 20 mm.
- the “period” indicates a period at which the second dielectric portion 2 (or the second dielectric portion 2A) is arranged.
- the photonic crystals 100 and 100 A in the first embodiment and the second embodiment have a band gap particularly in a microwave to submillimeter wave region, and include a waveguide, a finoleta, a resonator, a duplexer, and the like. It is preferably used as
- a method of manufacturing the photonic crystal 100, 100OA will be described.
- a dielectric block is formed using a so-called sheet method to obtain a photonic crystal 100
- a hole is formed in a dielectric ceramic sheet prepared in advance in a thickness direction in a predetermined pattern, and by laminating the perforated dielectric ceramic sheet, a predetermined pattern is formed.
- An example of forming a dielectric block in which a gap is formed will be described.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for manufacturing the photonic crystal 100 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a process of manufacturing the dielectric block shown in FIG.
- the first method is a sheet manufacturing process in which a dielectric ceramic powder and a resin are mixed to form a sheet, and holes formed in the sheet obtained in the sheet manufacturing process in a thickness direction are formed in a predetermined pattern.
- a dielectric block including a first dielectric is produced through a sheet producing step, a sheet punching step, and a sheet laminating step. Therefore, the sheet production process, sheet punching process and sheet lamination process are collectively referred to as appropriate.
- dielectric block manufacturing step This is referred to as a “dielectric block manufacturing step”.
- air as the second dielectric is disposed in the dielectric block including the first dielectric.
- dielectric ceramic powder, binder resin and The dispersion medium is mixed with a ball mill or a machine to obtain a slurry.
- the average particle diameter of the dielectric ceramic powder should be about 0.1 to 20 tm.
- the use of dielectric ceramic powder having an average particle size of about 0.1 to 20 ⁇ enables high-density molding, suppresses powder agglomeration, and stably forms a periodic structure. be able to.
- the desirable average particle diameter of the dielectric ceramic powder is 0.5 to 10 jm, and the more desirable average particle diameter is 0.5 to 5 ⁇ 111.
- an acrylic resin, a petial resin, an ethylcellulose resin, or the like can be used as the pinda resin.
- Various organic solvents such as acetone, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, and ethanol can be used as the dispersion medium.
- the ratio of the dielectric ceramics, the binder resin, and the dispersion medium may be about 10 to 40: 5 to 20:40 to 85 at Vo 1%, respectively.
- a dispersing agent such as olein maleic acid copolymer and oleic acid can be further added.
- a dispersant When a dispersant is added, its amount may be about 0.1 to 5 wt% based on the dielectric ceramic.
- the slurry thus obtained is applied on a film (for example, PET film) using a doctor blade method or the like, and dried to obtain a Darin sheet 11 as shown in FIG. 6 (a).
- holes penetrating in the thickness direction are formed in a predetermined pattern in a sheet punching step described later. If the thickness of the green sheet 11 is too thick, the cross-sectional shape of the hole penetrating the green sheet 11 becomes irregular. Specifically, the hole diameter on the upper surface of the sheet and the hole diameter on the lower surface of the sheet are different, so that it tends to be trapezoidal.
- the shape of the void in the dielectric block also becomes distorted, and a desired pattern cannot be formed. It is difficult to obtain a photonic crystal 100 having a desired band gap, which is not preferable.
- the thickness of the green sheet 1 is 1! 8800 ⁇ , more preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 20 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the desired sheet thickness also depends on the perforation method, and needs to be set appropriately according to the perforation method.
- holes h penetrating in the thickness direction are formed in the green sheet 11 obtained in the sheet forming step in a predetermined pattern.
- This pattern is appropriately determined depending on whether the finally obtained photonic crystal has a two-dimensional periodic structure or a three-dimensional periodic structure.
- a punch having a pattern as shown in FIG. 7 may be prepared. By using such a punch, a plurality of holes h can be formed in the green sheet 11 in one step. Note that, depending on the thickness of the green sheet 11, a plurality of green sheets 11 may be stacked and punched. It is not an essential requirement to use a punch having a pattern as shown in FIG. 7, and a single-hole punch may be used to perforate the green sheet 11.
- the size of the hole h is appropriately set according to the characteristics of the photonic crystal 100 to be finally obtained.
- the block-shaped member is perforated by a method such as dry etching or the like.
- a fine perforated pattern can be formed in the green sheet 11: e.
- the size of the hole h to be drilled in the sheet punching step is determined in consideration of the shrinkage rate during firing. For example, when it is desired to obtain a photonic crystal 100 having a void having a diameter of 1 mm after firing, a hole h of about 1.1 to 1.3 mm may be formed in the sheet punching step. Assuming that the dielectric block 13 before firing has a relative density of about 50 to 60% and that it has a density of 100% by firing, its linear shrinkage ratio is 15.7 to 2 0.6%. In this case, if it is desired to obtain a photonic crystal 100 having a void having a diameter of 1 mm after firing, In the top punching process, a hole h of about 1.19 to 1.26 mm may be formed.
- the three-dimensional structure is considered as a laminate of a plurality of thin layers, and each green sheet 11 is formed into a shape corresponding to each layer. It suffices to pierce.
- the perforation method is the same as that for producing the photonic crystal 100 having a two-dimensional periodic structure.
- thermocompression bonding is performed each time one green sheet 11 is laminated, or may be performed after a plurality of green sheets 11 are laminated.
- a dielectric block 13 in which voids having a predetermined pattern are formed as shown in FIG. 6 (d) is finally obtained. That is, thermocompression bonding is performed to integrate the green sheets 11.
- the heating temperature at the time of thermocompression bonding depends on the resin component used when producing the green sheet 11.
- the resin used for producing the sheet is an acrylic resin
- the heating temperature may be set to 70 to 90 ° C.
- the pressure may be appropriately set according to the thickness of the sheet, and may be set to about 20 to 80 kgf Z cm 2 . If the temperature is too high, or if the pressure is too high, the shape of the holes h formed in the green sheet 11 will change significantly, and the voids in the dielectric block 13 will be immersed. If the voids in the dielectric block 13 are crushed, it becomes difficult to finally obtain a photonic crystal 100 having a desired pattern.
- the bonding between the green sheets 11 becomes insufficient and peeling occurs. If the bonding between the green sheets 11 is insufficient, delamination and cracks occur after firing, and it is also difficult to finally obtain a photonic crystal 100 having a desired pattern.
- voids having a predetermined pattern are formed in the dielectric block 13 obtained by laminating the green sheets 11 in which the holes h are formed.
- voids having a predetermined pattern are formed in the example of FIG. 6 (d).
- a large number of cylindrical voids are formed so as to penetrate the front and back surfaces of the dielectric block 13.
- FIG. 6 (d) shows an example in which the number of laminated green sheets 11 is six.
- the number of laminated layers is not particularly limited, and the size of the photonic crystal 100 to be finally obtained is not limited. It is determined appropriately according to the thickness of the green sheet.
- the dielectric block 13 is obtained through the sheet manufacturing step, the sheet punching step, and the sheet laminating step.
- the dielectric block 13 is cut into a predetermined shape in accordance with the use of the photonic crystal 100 finally obtained.
- the dielectric block 13 cut into the predetermined shape is appropriately cut. It is referred to as “molded body”).
- binder removal processing is performed in advance before the firing step.
- the binder removal processing may be performed under normal conditions, that is, under conditions where the binder can be disassembled and neck losing does not start.
- the binder removal process is performed at a heating rate of 30 to 120 ° C / h, a holding temperature of 400 to 600 ° C, and a holding time of 0 to 2 hours.
- Photonic crystal of the molded body obtained after performing binder removal processing as it is 1
- the dielectric ceramics in the molded body constitute the first dielectric part 1, while the air present in the voids of the first dielectric part 1 in the predetermined pattern constitutes the second dielectric part 2.
- the photonic crystal 100 with further improved mechanical strength and relative dielectric constant can be obtained by performing the following sintering step and turning the molded body into a sintered body.
- the process proceeds to the firing process.
- the compact is heated and maintained at a predetermined atmospheric temperature.
- the firing conditions may be appropriately set according to the type of the dielectric ceramic. For example, baking is performed in the atmosphere, at a heating rate of 300 to 1200 ° C / h, a holding temperature of 800 to 100 ° C, and a holding time of 0.1 to 3 hours.
- the hole h penetrating in the thickness direction is In this case, a dielectric block 13 in which voids of a predetermined pattern are periodically arranged is obtained by laminating a Darin sheet 11 in which a predetermined pattern of holes h is perforated in a predetermined pattern in the substrate Ml. did.
- the method of manufacturing the photonic crystal 100 in the first method that does not require a complicated process, the 'photonic crystal 100' can be manufactured simply and in a short time. Therefore, the method for producing the photonic crystal 100 in the first method is excellent in mass productivity.
- the photonic crystal 100 is manufactured using dielectric ceramics having a higher relative permittivity than other dielectric materials, so that the element size can be reduced. Furthermore, since the photonic crystal 100 is manufactured using a dielectric ceramic having a high relative permittivity and air having a relative permittivity of 1, the ratio of the relative permittivity of both dielectrics is increased. And a wide band gap can be obtained.
- the first method employing the sheet laminating method it is possible to easily obtain a photonic crystal 100 having fine holes h penetrating the front and back surfaces thereof.
- the perforation pattern is the same for each of the green sheets 11
- the perforated pattern of the green sheet 11 may be changed as appropriate for each sheet.
- a perforation pattern in which holes h penetrating in the thickness direction are arranged in a triangular lattice shape is provided for each sheet. What is necessary is just to change suitably.
- the photonic crystal 100 having a desired periodic structure can be obtained by appropriately selecting the shape of the pattern. The degree of freedom is high.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the method for manufacturing the photonic crystal 10OA shown in FIG.
- a dielectric block 13 is manufactured under the same conditions as in the first method.
- the first dielectric ceramic and the second dielectric ceramic are periodically cycled.
- the photonic crystal 10 OA is arranged in a random fashion.
- the powder slurry containing the second dielectric ceramic becomes the second dielectric part 2A.
- the second dielectric ceramics, the dispersion medium and the dispersant are mixed with a grinder or the like to prepare a powder slurry having a predetermined viscosity.
- the above-described dielectric ceramic having a high relative dielectric constant can be used.
- the average particle size of the second dielectric ceramic may be about 0.1 to 20 ⁇ .
- the desirable average particle diameter of the second dielectric ceramic is 0.5 to 10 ⁇ , and the more desirable average particle diameter is 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the size of the first dielectric ceramic and the size of the second dielectric ceramic must be substantially the same. desirable.
- turbineol As the dispersion medium, turbineol, butyl carbitol, and the like can be used.
- the viscosity of the powder slurry can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the type and amount of the dispersion medium. For example, butyl carbitol has low viscosity, while turbine 2004/008693
- the viscosity of the powder slurry can be appropriately adjusted by mixing the two in an appropriate ratio to form a dispersion medium.
- the powder concentration in the powder slurry is set to be equal to the powder density in the dielectric block 13.
- the ratio of the second dielectric ceramic and the dispersion medium is about 40 to 55:45 to 60 at Vo 1%, preferably about 45 to 60. Is about 45 to 55: about 45 to 55.
- a dispersant such as oleic acid may be further added.
- the amount of addition may be about 0.2 to 5 wt% based on the second dielectric ceramic.
- the type of the dispersant is not particularly limited, but an olefin maleic acid copolymer is preferable because it is effective in lowering the viscosity of the powder slurry.
- a desirable addition amount is about 0.2 to 5 wt% with respect to the second dielectric ceramic.
- the viscosity of the powder slurry can be reduced to a low level, specifically, a low viscosity suitable for the slurry filling step described later.
- the viscosity of the powder slurry may be appropriately adjusted by adding a resin component (for example, ethyl cellulose) depending on the method of filling the slurry with the diameter of the hole h formed in the green sheet 11.
- the powder slurry is filled in the gaps of the dielectric block 13.
- the powder slurry preparation step may be performed before the powder slurry filling step, and does not necessarily have to be performed at the same stage as the sheet preparation step.
- suction is desirable.
- a porous suction plate made of metal, ceramics, polytetrafluoroethylene (trade name: Teflon) or the like is introduced. Place the electric block 13.
- the viscosity of the powder slurry is appropriately set according to the size of the gap in the dielectric block 13. If the viscosity is too high, suction of the powder slurry is difficult, while if the viscosity is too low, pores are generated in the molded body, that is, the molded body obtained by drying the dielectric block 13 filled with the powder slurry. It's easy to do. Therefore, the dielectric block
- the viscosity of the powder slurry is set to such an extent that the powder slurry can be efficiently filled in the voids of (13).
- a filling method by pressurization other than suction is preferable.
- a sufficient amount of powder slurry is provided on the upper part of the dielectric block 13.
- the powder slurry may be filled in the gaps of the dielectric block 13 by applying pressure using a method such as air pressure or squeegee coating.
- the molded body is obtained by drying the dielectric block 13 filled with the powder slurry.
- the drying method is not particularly limited, and may be natural drying or heat drying. .
- the density of the compact obtained after drying is not sufficiently high, hot pressing may be performed after the drying step.
- the elastic behavior of the first dielectric part 1A and the second dielectric part 2A are different from each other, the stress may be generated between the two materials due to the heat press and cracks may occur in the molded body. There is. Therefore, when performing the heat press, it is necessary to select a material or the like so that the first dielectric portion 1A and the second dielectric portion 2A have the same elastic behavior. For example, when a powder slurry is prepared, the binder resin used in the preparation of the green sheet 11 is contained in a predetermined amount so that the first invitation can be made. The elastic behavior of the electric body part 1A and the second dielectric part 2A can be matched.
- the dielectric block 13 is cut into a predetermined shape according to the use of the photonic crystal 10OA finally obtained.
- the binder removal treatment performed after the drying step is as described in detail in the first method.
- the first dielectric ceramics and the second dielectric ceramics in the compact form the first dielectric part 1A and the second dielectric part 2A, respectively. .
- the molded product obtained after the drying and binder removal treatment may be used as it is as photonic crystal 10 OA, but by using the molded product as a sintered product, the mechanical strength and dielectric constant are further improved.
- PhotoEC crystal 10 OA can be obtained.
- the firing step may be performed under the conditions described in the first method.
- the first dielectric ceramic and the second dielectric ceramic in the compact are fired simultaneously. Therefore, the firing behavior of both materials, that is, the material forming the first dielectric portion 1A (first dielectric ceramics) and the material forming the second dielectric portion 2 (second dielectric ceramics) are determined. They need to be well matched. If the sintering behavior of both materials is different, stress is generated between the first dielectric part 1A and the second dielectric part 2A, and cracks occur in the sintered body that becomes the photonic crystal 100A. This is because there may be cases where
- Simultaneous firing is also possible by a so-called printing method in which sheets coated with a dielectric paste are stacked and the stacked body is fired.
- this printing method since the dielectric paste is present on the sheet, it is not possible to obtain a photonic crystal in which a continuous pattern is formed in the stacking direction (Z direction).
- the second method adopts a new method of filling the dielectric block 13 having voids continuous in the laminating direction with the powder slurry, so that a continuous pattern is formed in the laminating direction.
- Photonic crystal 10 OA can be obtained. That is, according to the method of manufacturing the photonic crystal 10 OA by the second method, the degree of freedom of the periodic structure is higher than that of the printing method.
- the second method has been described above in detail. Since the number of steps is small and no complicated steps are required, according to the second method, the photonic crystal 10OA can be produced simply and in a short time. Therefore, the second method is also excellent in mass productivity.
- a hole h penetrating in the thickness direction is perforated in a predetermined pattern in a green sheet 11, that is, a sheet-like member, and the perforated dullin sheet 11 is laminated.
- a dielectric block 13 in which voids of a predetermined pattern are periodically arranged is obtained. It is easier to pierce the thin green sheet 11 than to pierce a block-shaped member having a certain thickness, and a fine piercing pattern (for example, a diameter of 2 mm or less, and furthermore, a diameter of 0.1 to 1.1 mm). About 5 mm).
- the third dielectric may be air or a third dielectric ceramic.
- a powder slurry containing the second dielectric ceramic is filled into a part of the dielectric block 13 and the remaining dielectric is filled. May be filled with a powder slurry containing the third dielectric ceramic. .
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing the photonic crystal 100 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a view schematically showing the printing step shown in FIG.
- dielectric ceramics and resin A dielectric paste producing step of mixing and producing a dielectric paste, a printing step of printing the dielectric paste obtained in the dielectric paste producing step in a predetermined pattern, and drying of the dielectric paste into a ceramic composition A step of cutting out a dielectric block obtained by repeating printing and drying into a predetermined shape, and a firing step of firing the formed body cut into the predetermined shape.
- a dielectric paste is obtained by mixing a dielectric ceramic powder, a binder resin, and a dispersion medium with a ball mill or a machine.
- the dielectric ceramic powder the above-described BaO-TiO2-rare earth ceramic powder or the like can be used.
- the amount of the dielectric ceramic powder should be about 20 to 6 ° wt% based on the dielectric paste.
- the average particle size of the dielectric ceramic powder may be about 0.1 to 20 as in the case described above.
- thermoplastic and high-strength binder resin is used.
- the binder resin an acrylic resin, a petial resin, an ethylcellulose resin, or the like can be used.
- the amount of the binder resin may be about 4 to 10 wt% based on the dielectric ceramic powder.
- various organic solvents such as butyl carbitol, butyl carbitol acetate, and turbineol can be used. These are used as the dispersion medium because the binder resin described above can be dissolved and has a relatively low boiling point.
- the viscosity of the dielectric paste can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the type and amount of the dispersion medium. For example, butyl carbitol has a low viscosity, while terpineol has a high viscosity. Therefore, the viscosity of the dielectric paste can be adjusted to a viscosity suitable for a printing method by mixing the two at an appropriate ratio to form a dispersion medium.
- the viscosity of the dielectric paste should be carefully adjusted.
- the viscosity of the dielectric paste should be adjusted to an appropriate range in consideration of the printing pattern and the printing method used in the printing process. In a case where the screen printing:!: Method is employed as the printing method, the viscosity of the dielectric paste may be about 500 to 500 cp.
- a dielectric paste can be prepared by further adding a dispersant, if necessary.
- maleic maleic copolymer dioleic acid can be used as a dispersant, and the amount of addition may be about 0.1 to 5 wt% based on the dielectric ceramic powder.
- a plasticizer may be further added to the dielectric paste. The amount of the plasticizer to be added may be about 0.1 to 5 wt% based on the dielectric ceramic powder.
- the dielectric paste is printed in a predetermined printing pattern using a screen printing method or the like, and in the subsequent drying process, the dielectric paste is dried to obtain a ceramic composition.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a printing step.
- a dielectric base constituting the first layer is printed on a film (for example, PET film) F in a desired print pattern.
- the printing pattern is determined according to what kind of periodic structure is required to obtain the photonic crystal 100 having the periodic structure. For example, if one finally wants to obtain a photonic crystal .100 having a honeycomb structure as shown in FIG. 2, a print pattern as shown in FIG. 7 is adopted.
- a ceramic composition 21 is formed in which holes h penetrating in the thickness direction are regularly formed in a hexagonal lattice.
- the printed dielectric paste is dried by heating or air drying.
- a dielectric paste for forming the second layer is printed on the ceramic composition 21 for forming the first layer in the same manner as the first layer. Print in a pattern and dry as for the first layer. Ceramics constituting the first layer 08693
- the holes h are formed in the desired two-dimensional periodic pattern in the tas composition 21.
- the dielectric paste that forms the second layer is printed on the portion excluding the hole h.
- the new ceramic composition 21 in which the holes h penetrating in the thickness direction are formed in a predetermined pattern is laminated on the ceramic composition 21 constituting the first layer.
- a laminated body of the ceramic composition 21 as shown in FIG. 10 (c), that is, a dielectric block 13A having voids of a predetermined pattern is obtained.
- pressing is not required in the printing method, but hot pressing or the like may be performed on the dielectric block 13A.
- the dielectric block 13A in the hot pressed state is shown in Fig. 10 (d).
- the printing method is not limited to the screen printing method, and a known printing method such as gravure printing, letterpress printing, offset printing, or the like can be appropriately selected according to the thickness of the ceramic composition 21. .
- the film F as a substrate is separated from the dielectric block 13A, and the process proceeds to the subsequent cutting step.
- the dielectric block 13A is cut into a predetermined shape according to the use of the photonic crystal 100 finally obtained (note that the dielectric block 13A after being cut into the predetermined shape). Is appropriately referred to as “molded body”).
- binder removal processing is performed before the firing step.
- the binder removal process should be performed under the same conditions as described in the first method.
- the molded body obtained after performing the binder removal treatment may be used as it is as the photonic crystal 100, but by using the molded body as a sintered body, the photonic crystal with further improved mechanical strength and dielectric constant can be used. 100 can be obtained.
- the firing step may be performed under the same conditions as described in the first method.
- a photonic crystal 100 having a periodic structure of a honeycomb structure is obtained has been described, by appropriately selecting a print pattern according to a desired periodic structure, a pattern having another two-dimensional periodic structure can be provided. Photonic crystal 100 can be easily obtained. Also, an example was shown in which the ceramic thread 21 produced by the printing method was laminated by the printing method. However, the ceramic composition 21 produced by the printing method was laminated as in the sheet laminating step shown in the first method. The layers may be laminated in the same manner.
- the photo-block shown in FIG. Nick crystal 10 OA can also be obtained.
- a ceramic composite including the first and second dielectric ceramics is manufactured, and the ceramic composite is laminated to form a dielectric block (laminated body).
- Make OA In the ceramic composite, a first dielectric ceramic and a second dielectric ceramic are periodically arranged in the same plane.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart in the case where a photonic crystal 10OA is manufactured by the fourth method.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a process for producing the ceramic composite shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing the laminating step shown in FIG.
- the first and second dielectric pastes are prepared by mixing the first and second dielectric ceramic powders, the binder resin, the dispersion medium, and the like.
- a dielectric paste producing step, a ceramic composite producing step of producing a ceramic composite containing the first and second dielectric ceramic powders using the first and second dielectric pastes, and a lamination of the ceramic composites A photonic crystal 10 OA is produced through a laminating step of obtaining a dielectric block as a target, a cutting step of cutting the dielectric block into a predetermined shape, and a firing step of firing the cut molded body.
- first ceramic composition first dielectric ceramic powder
- second dielectric paste containing the second dielectric ceramic powder second (Ceramic yarn).
- Each paste should be prepared according to the procedure described in the third method.
- dielectric ceramic powder J the first dielectric ceramic powder and the second dielectric ceramic powder are collectively referred to as “dielectric ceramic powder J” unless it is necessary to distinguish between them.
- thermocompression bonding is performed in a laminating step described later, a thermoplastic and high-strength binder resin is used.
- the binder resin and the dispersion medium those described in the third method can be used.
- the plasticizer is selected according to the type of the binder resin used.
- a phthalic acid-based plasticizer can be used.
- the amount of the plasticizer may be about 0 :! to about 5 wt% based on the dielectric ceramic powder.
- the dispersant those described in the third method can be used, and the addition amount thereof may be about 0.1 to 5 wt% based on the first dielectric ceramic.
- the viscosity of the dielectric paste can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the type and amount of the dispersion medium. For example, by mixing low-viscosity butyl carbitol and high-viscosity terpineol in an appropriate ratio to form a dispersion medium, the viscosity of the dielectric paste can be adjusted to a viscosity suitable for a printing method. In addition, the viscosity of the dielectric paste can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the type and amount of the insulating resin. If the viscosity of the dielectric paste is too low, printing drooling will occur, and it will be difficult to form a desired print pattern in a ceramics composite manufacturing process using a printing method.
- the viscosity of the dielectric paste must be carefully adjusted.
- the viscosity of the dielectric base is adjusted to an appropriate range in consideration of the printing pattern and the printing method to be used. When the screen printing method is used as the printing method, the dielectric base should have a viscosity of about 2 Pa ⁇ s to 50 Pa ⁇ s.
- the first dielectric paste and the second dielectric paste are printed, respectively, to produce a ceramic composite including the first and second dielectric ceramics.
- the printing is performed in such a manner that the first dielectric paste is provided at a portion corresponding to the first dielectric portion 1A, and the second dielectric paste is provided at a portion corresponding to the second dielectric portion 2A. To do.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a ceramic composite manufacturing process.
- the first dielectric paste constituting the first layer is printed on a film (for example, a PET film) F in a desired print pattern.
- This printing can be performed using, for example, a screen printing method.
- the printed first dielectric paste is dried by heating or air drying.
- the printing pattern is determined according to what kind of periodic structure of the photonic crystal 10OA desired to be finally obtained.
- a printing pattern as shown in FIG. 7 is employed.
- a first ceramic composition 11A in which holes h penetrating in the thickness direction are regularly formed in a hexagonal lattice shape is obtained.
- a second dielectric paste is printed using a reverse pattern of the print pattern of the first layer. After printing, the printed second dielectric base is dried by heating or air drying. .
- the second dielectric paste is printed in an inverted pattern by forming the holes h formed in the first ceramic composition 11A with the second dielectric paste, that is, the second ceramic paste.
- the first ceramic composition 11 A and the second ceramic i! S composition 12 A are placed in the same plane by filling with the composition 12 A.
- the thickness of the first ceramic composition 11 A is adjusted so that the surface of the ceramic composite C composed of the first ceramic composition 11 A and the second ceramic thread 12 A becomes smooth. It is necessary to control the amount of the second dielectric paste applied based on the size and the size of the holes h of the first ceramic composition 11A.
- FIG. 13 (a) shows a state in which the film F as a substrate has been peeled off from the ceramic composite C. If the ceramic composite C has a force S that will be sequentially laminated in the laminating step described below, and if the ceramic composite C is too thin, the strength of the ceramic composite C is low and handling is difficult. Therefore, in consideration of the ease of handling in the laminating step, the thickness of the ceramic composite C is 1 to 800 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 20 to 200 ⁇ m. Within the range of 0 0 m.
- the process proceeds to the lamination process.
- the film F is peeled from the ceramic composite C in advance.
- thermocompression bonding is ceramic 2004/008693
- the heating temperature at the time of thermocompression bonding depends on the binder resin component used when producing the first dielectric paste and the second dielectric paste.
- the heating temperature may be set to 70 to 90 ° C.
- the pressure may be appropriately set according to the thickness of the ceramic composite C, and may be set to about 120 to 80 kgf Z cm 2 .
- the dielectric block 13B which is a laminate of the ceramic composite C, has a predetermined periodic structure.
- a large number of cylindrical second dielectric portions 2A are arranged so as to penetrate the front and back surfaces of the dielectric block 13B to form a two-dimensional periodic structure of the honeycomb pattern. Is formed.
- FIG. 13 (c) shows an example in which the number of stacked ceramic composites C is six, but the number of stacked layers is not particularly limited, and the photonic crystal 10 to be finally obtained is not limited to six. Decide appropriately according to the size of 0 A, etc.
- hot pressing may be performed prior to the cutting step.
- the conditions of the hot pressing also depend on the binder resin and the like used when producing the ceramic composite C.
- the pressure may be set to about 500 to 2000 kgf / cm 2 .
- the heating temperature may be set to 70 to 90 ° C. .
- the elastic behavior of the first ceramic composition 11 A and the second ceramic composition 12 A is different, stress is generated between the two materials by hot pressing, and Cracks may occur. Therefore, when performing the hot pressing, materials are selected so that the first ceramic thread 11A and the second ceramic thread 12A have the same elastic behavior. There is a need. For example, by using the same resin as the binder resin in the first dielectric paste to prepare the dielectric paste of the cable 2, the first ceramic composition 11A and the second ceramic 8693
- the cutting step and the debinding processing may be performed under the same conditions as in the first method.
- the molded body obtained after performing the binder removal treatment may be used as it is as photonic crystal 100A.
- the first ceramic composition 11 A is provided at a portion corresponding to the first dielectric portion 1 A
- the second ceramic composition 12 A is provided at a portion corresponding to the second dielectric portion 2 A.
- a ceramic composite C was produced, and the ceramic composite C was laminated in the thickness direction to produce a dielectric block 13B. Therefore, the portion corresponding to the first ceramic composition 11 A becomes the first dielectric portion 1 A, and the portion corresponding to the second ceramic composition 12 A becomes the second dielectric portion 2 A.
- the firing step is not an essential step
- a photonic crystal 10OA with further improved mechanical strength and dielectric constant can be obtained by using a molded body as a sintered body.
- the firing conditions may be the same as in the first method.
- the fourth method has been described above in detail. According to the fourth method, the photonic crystal 100A can be manufactured easily and in a short time because a complicated process is not required. Therefore, the method for producing photonic crystal 10OA according to the fourth method is also excellent in mass productivity.
- an adhesive layer may be interposed to increase the adhesive strength.
- the ceramic composite C having a thin adhesive layer printed on the front surface or the back surface may be sequentially laminated.
- the ceramic composite C was peeled off from the film F and the ceramic composite C was sequentially laminated.However, after the ceramic composites C were thermocompression-bonded to each other, the film F was peeled. You can do it.
- the ceramic composite C shown in FIG. 12 (b) the ceramic composite C with the film F attached is laminated so that the ceramic composites C face each other, and thermocompression-bonded. Later, the film F may be peeled off. At this time, an adhesive layer is interposed between the ceramic The union c may be transferred onto the other ceramic composite c.
- the ceramic composites C are laminated to form a dielectric block 13B, and a photonic having the shape shown in FIG. 4 is formed.
- An example of obtaining the crystal 10 OA was described.
- a ceramic composite C is produced by disposing a first ceramic thread 11A and then disposing a second ceramic composition 12A. By repeatedly arranging the first ceramic composition 11 A on the body C and then arranging the second ceramic composition 12 A, the ceramic composite C is laminated. More specifically, the first dielectric paste containing the first dielectric ceramics and the second dielectric paste containing the second dielectric ceramics are alternately printed to form the ceramic composite C.
- An example of forming a dielectric block 13B as a laminate of the above to obtain a photonic crystal 10OA having the shape shown in FIG. 4 will be described as a fifth technique.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart for producing a photonic crystal 10 OA by the fifth technique.
- FIG. 15 is a view schematically showing a dielectric block manufacturing process shown in FIG.
- the first and second dielectric ceramic powders, a binder resin, a dispersion medium, and the like are mixed to form the first and second dielectric bases.
- a second printing step of printing the body paste with the print pattern and the reverse pattern in the first printing step, and a dielectric block obtained by repeating the first printing step and the second printing step are formed into a predetermined shape.
- a photonic crystal 10 OA is produced by passing through a cutting step of cutting into a predetermined shape and a firing step of firing a molded body cut into a predetermined shape.
- the first dielectric paste and the second dielectric paste are basically processed in the same procedure as the third and fourth techniques. Is prepared.
- the first and second dielectric pastes are alternately printed to obtain a dielectric block as a laminate of the ceramic composite C. Therefore, the thermocompression bonding performed in the fourth method is unnecessary. Become. Therefore, thermoplasticity is not an essential requirement as a binder resin selection criterion, and a material that has high strength and a low viscosity adjustment and debinding is selected as the binder resin in the fifth method. I do.
- the binder resin an ethyl cellulose-based resin, a petial-based resin, or the like can be used.
- the amount of the binder resin should be about 4 to 10 wt% based on the dielectric ceramic powder.
- the dispersion medium various organic solvents such as turbineol and butyl carbitol can be used as in the third and fourth techniques.
- the viscosity of the dielectric paste can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the type and amount of the dispersion medium. If the viscosity of the dielectric paste is too low, dripping occurs, and it is difficult to form a desired print pattern in a subsequent printing process. If the viscosity is too high, poor leveling is likely to occur. Therefore, the viscosity of the dielectric paste is adjusted to an appropriate range in consideration of the thickness and printing pattern of the ceramic composite C to be obtained, the printing method used in the printing process, and the like.
- the dielectric block manufacturing step includes a first printing step of printing the first dielectric paste obtained in the dielectric paste manufacturing step in a predetermined pattern, and a second dielectric paste obtained in the dielectric paste forming step. And a second printing step of printing the print pattern in the first printing step and the reverse pattern.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a process of producing a dielectric block.
- a first dielectric paste which constitutes the first layer, is formed on a film (eg, PET film) F by a desired printing pattern.
- the printing pattern is determined according to what kind of periodic structure the photonic crystal 10 OA finally wants to obtain.
- the printed first dielectric paste is heated and dried or air-dried to obtain a first ceramic thread 11A in which holes h penetrating in the thickness direction are regularly formed.
- the second dielectric paste is printed with the reverse pattern of the printing pattern in the first printing step.
- the printed second dielectric paste is dried by heating or air drying to obtain a second ceramic composition 12A.
- the thickness of the first ceramic composition 11 A is set so that the thickness of the second ceramic composition 12 A is equal to the thickness of the first ceramic composition 11 A.
- the amount of the second dielectric paste applied is controlled based on the size and the size of the hole h of the first ceramic composition 11A.
- a ceramic composite C as shown in FIG. 15 (b) is formed on the film F.
- the first dielectric paste constituting the second layer is printed on the ceramic composite C and dried.
- a first ceramic composition 11A in which holes h penetrating in the thickness direction are regularly formed on the ceramic composite C is newly provided.
- the second dielectric paste is printed in a reverse pattern of the print pattern in the first printing step. After printing, the printed second dielectric paste is dried by heating or air drying to obtain a second ceramic mixed yarn 12A.
- a dielectric block 13B that is, a laminate of the ceramic composite C is obtained as shown in FIG. 15 (e).
- the first ceramics composition 11A is located at the portion corresponding to the first dielectric portion 1A
- the ⁇ 2 is located at the portion corresponding to the second dielectric portion 2A.
- Ceramic compositions 12 A are provided respectively.
- the dielectric block 13B in the hot pressed state is shown in FIG. 15 (f).
- a known printing method such as screen printing, gravure printing, letterpress printing, or offset printing can be appropriately selected according to the thickness of the first ceramic composition 11A.
- the film F as the base is peeled off from the dielectric block 13B, and the process proceeds to the subsequent cutting step.
- the cutting step, the binder removal processing, and the firing step may be performed under the same conditions as those described in the first method. Note that, similarly to the first to fourth methods, the molded body obtained after performing the binder removal treatment may be used as it is as the photonic crystal 10OA.
- the fifth method has been described above in detail. Since the number of steps is small and no complicated steps are required, according to the fifth method, the photonic crystal 10OA can be produced simply and in a short time. Therefore, the fifth method is also excellent in mass productivity.
- the ceramic composite C produced by the printing method by the printing method was laminated in the same manner as in the laminating step shown in the fourth method. May be.
- the second dielectric portion 2A can be formed in a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 2 mm or less.
- a first dielectric paste containing the first dielectric ceramic is printed on a pattern including a plurality of holes having a diameter of 2 mm or less, and the second dielectric paste containing the second dielectric ceramic is used in the reverse pattern.
- the photonic crystal 10 OA may be produced by laminating the ceramic composites obtained by printing the dielectric paste of No. 2.
- the cylindrical second dielectric parts 2A are arranged at predetermined intervals so as to penetrate the front and back surfaces of the block-shaped first dielectric parts 1A.
- the arrangement, size, shape, and the like of the second dielectric portion 2A can be set as appropriate according to the characteristics required for the photonic crystal 1 ⁇ OA. Therefore, the second dielectric portion
- the size of 2 A can be larger than 2 mm in diameter, and the shape can be of a rectangular parallelepiped shape instead of a cylindrical shape.
- the step of printing the second dielectric paste some of the plurality of holes h formed in the first ceramic composition 11A are formed.
- the second dielectric paste containing the second dielectric ceramic powder can be printed on the second hole, and the third dielectric paste containing the third dielectric ceramic powder can be printed on the remaining holes h.
- a photonic crystal having a new periodic structure can be obtained by manufacturing a photonic crystal using the third dielectric.
- a part of the holes h is printed with a second dielectric paste containing the second dielectric ceramic powder, and the remaining is printed. Air as a third dielectric may be present in the hole h.
- a photonic crystal 10 OA having a two-dimensional periodic structure is obtained by laminating sheet-shaped ceramic composites C produced with the same printing pattern.
- a photonic crystal having a three-dimensional periodic structure a plurality of sheets having different print patterns may be laminated. In this case, by reducing the thickness of the sheet as much as possible, the pattern of the three-dimensional periodic structure can be smoothly changed in the thickness direction.
- the photonic crystal 10 OA having a desired periodic structure can be obtained by appropriately selecting the shape of the print pattern, and thus the degree of freedom of the periodic structure is also increased high.
- the example in which the first ceramic composition 11A is provided and the second ceramic composition 12A is provided at different times has been described.
- the provision of the ceramic thread 11A and the provision of the second ceramic composition 12A may be performed substantially simultaneously.
- the steps of simultaneously printing the first dielectric paste and the second dielectric paste are repeated to produce and laminate the ceramic composite C. You can also.
- the fifth step It may be performed in the same way as the method.
- the first dielectric paste and the second dielectric paste which constitute the first layer, are applied to a film (for example, PET film). It is printed in a desired print pattern on F, that is, disposed substantially at the same time. After drying the printed first dielectric paste and the second dielectric paste, the first dielectric paste is placed on the first ceramic composite C as shown in FIG. 17 (b). The dielectric paste and the second dielectric paste are simultaneously printed in a desired print pattern. By drying the printed first and second dielectric pastes, a second-layer ceramic composite C is obtained.
- the first dielectric paste and the (n + 1) th layer constituting the (n + 1) th layer are formed on the nth dielectric layer until a laminate having a desired thickness is obtained.
- the process of printing and drying the dielectric paste of 2 is repeated.
- a dielectric block 13B that is, a laminate of the ceramic composite C may be obtained as shown in FIG. 17 (c). In this mode, it can be said that the production and lamination of the ceramic composite C proceed almost simultaneously.
- the term “substantially the same period” is used as a concept encompassing such a form.
- the ceramic composite C obtained substantially at the same time may be laminated by the same procedure as in the fourth method.
- a first ceramic composition 11A having holes h formed in a predetermined pattern is obtained.
- the second ceramic composition 12A was added as shown in FIG. 18 (b). Printing, that is, arranging. Then, as shown in FIG. 18 (c), the periphery of the second ceramic composition 12A is covered.
- the first ceramic composition 11A may be printed, that is, disposed.
- the second ceramic composition is thicker than the first ceramic thread 11A.
- the second ceramic composition 12A was filled into the holes h of the first ceramic composition 11A so that the thickness of 12A became thicker, and further, as shown in FIG. 18 (c),
- the first ceramic composition 11A may be provided so as to cover the periphery of the second ceramic thread 12A.
- a perforated sheet was laminated, and then a dielectric sheet was filled to produce a photonic crystal 10 OA.
- a first dielectric ceramic, a dispersant, a resin, and a dispersion medium were mixed using a ball mill and slurried. Then, the slurry was sheet-ridden by a doctor blade method to produce a 82 mm ⁇ 82 mm ⁇ 120 green sheet.
- the ratio of the first dielectric ceramic, resin, and dispersion medium was 23: 111: 66 at Vo1%.
- the types of the dispersant, the resin and the dispersion medium and the amount of the dispersant added were as follows.
- Olefin maleic acid copolymer (trade name: Kyoei Co., Ltd. Flor Irene G-700)
- Dispersion medium toluene
- the second dielectric ceramic, the dispersant and the dispersion medium are mixed, and the powder powder is mixed. A rally was made. At this time, the ratio of the second dielectric ceramic and the dispersion medium was 50:50 at Vo 1%.
- the types of the dispersant and the dispersion medium and the amount of the dispersant added were as follows. In addition, mixing was performed for 2 hours using a raiper. The reason why the resin was not added during the preparation of the powder slurry was to prevent the viscosity of the powder slurry from becoming too high due to the addition of the resin.
- Olefin maleic acid copolymer (trade name: Flo-Iren G—700, manufactured by Kyoei Co., Ltd.)
- Addition amount of dispersing agent 1 wt% based on the second dielectric ceramic Dispersion medium: mixed solution of 50 V o 1% of turbineol and 50 V o 1% of butyl carbitol
- a hole having a honeycomb structure was formed in the green sheet using a punch on which the pattern shown in FIG. 7 was formed.
- the diameter of the hole was 1 mm.
- thermocompression bonding was performed every time one green sheet was laminated.
- the conditions for thermocompression bonding are as follows.
- the thus obtained dielectric block was placed on a suction plate, and the powder slurry containing the second dielectric ceramic was sufficiently provided on the upper part of the dielectric block. Then, suction was performed by a pump from under the suction plate, and the powder slurry was filled in the gaps of the dielectric block. After the dielectric block filled with the powder slurry was air-dried, a binder removal treatment was performed under the following conditions. A photograph of the obtained sample 1 is shown in FIG. The size of this sample 1 is 10.6 mm X 4.3 mm X 18 mm.
- the gap of the dielectric block was densely filled with the second dielectric ceramic, and no void crack was observed.
- the obtained sample was allowed to stand in the waveguide, and the reflection and transmission characteristics were measured with a network analyzer (HP-8510C manufactured by Agilent Technologies). The results are shown in FIG. The number of periods in the propagation direction in the sample for which the transmission characteristics were measured was 4.5.
- Photonic crystal 10OA was produced based on the flowchart of FIG.
- the first dielectric ceramic powder, the dispersion medium, the binder resin, and the dispersant were mixed using a ball mill to produce a first dielectric paste.
- the ratio between the first dielectric ceramic powder and the dispersion medium was 45:55 (wt%).
- the binder resin was added at 5 wt% to the first dielectric ceramic powder, and the dispersant was added at 1 wt% to the first dielectric ceramic powder.
- the types of the dispersant, the pinda resin and the dispersion medium were as follows.
- the types of the first and second dielectric ceramic powders used in Example 2 were the same as those used in Example 1.
- Olefin maleic acid copolymer (trade name: Florene G-700, manufactured by Kyoei Co., Ltd.) Three
- Dispersion medium mixed solution of 50% Vo 1% turbineol and 50% Vo 1 butyl carbitol
- a second dielectric ceramic powder, a dispersion medium, a binder resin, and a dispersant were mixed using a ball mill to produce a second dielectric paste.
- the ratio between the second dielectric ceramic powder and the dispersion medium was 45:55 (wt%), similarly to the first dielectric paste.
- the binder resin was added with 5 wt% of the second dielectric ceramic powder
- the dispersant was added with 1 wt% of the second dielectric ceramic powder.
- the types of the dispersant, the binder resin, and the dispersion medium are the same as those of the first dielectric paste.
- the viscosities of the first dielectric paste and the second dielectric paste are both 15 Pa ⁇ s.
- the first dielectric paste was printed on the PET film by a screen printing method.
- the printing of the first dielectric paste was performed in the pattern shown in FIG. 7, and a first ceramic composition having through holes arranged in a predetermined pattern was obtained. Printing was controlled so that the diameter of the through-hole was 1 mm.
- the second dielectric paste was filled into the through holes of the first ceramic composition by a screen printing method.
- a ceramic composite having a smooth surface was finally obtained.
- thermocompression bonding was performed every time one ceramic composite was laminated.
- the conditions for thermocompression bonding are the same as in Example 1.
- the dielectric block was subjected to a binder removal process, and then fired to obtain Sample 2.
- the size of the sample 2 is 10.6 mm X 4.3 mm X 18 mm.
- the binder removal treatment and firing conditions are the same as in Experimental Example 1.
- Sample 2 was allowed to stand in the waveguide, and the reflection and transmission characteristics were measured using a network analyzer (HP-8510C manufactured by Agilent Technologies). As a result, attenuation of 25 dB or more was confirmed in the range of 20 to 24 GHz belonging to the K band, and it was clarified that a band gap was generated.
- a network analyzer HP-8510C manufactured by Agilent Technologies
- Photonic crystal 10OA was produced based on the flowchart of FIG.
- a first dielectric paste and a second dielectric paste were prepared in the same procedure as in Example 2.
- the ratio of the first dielectric ceramic powder and the dispersion medium was 50:50 (wt%).
- the ratio of the second dielectric ceramic powder and the dispersion medium was 50:50 (wt%).
- the viscosity of each of the first dielectric paste and the second dielectric paste is 20 Pa ⁇ s.
- the amounts of the binder resin and the dispersant in the first dielectric paste and the second dielectric paste were the same as in Example 2.
- the first dielectric paste was printed on the PET film by a screen printing method.
- the printing of the first dielectric paste was performed in the pattern shown in FIG. 7, and a first ceramic composition having through holes arranged in a predetermined pattern was obtained. Printing was controlled so that the diameter of the through-hole was 1 mm.
- the second dielectric paste was filled into the through holes of the first ceramic composition by a screen printing method.
- a ceramic composite having a smooth surface was finally obtained.
- the first dielectric paste is printed and dried on the ceramic composite to obtain the first ceramic composition, and then the second dielectric paste is printed in a reverse pattern of the first dielectric paste.
- Dielectric paste was printed. In this manner, the steps of printing and drying the first dielectric paste, drying and printing the second dielectric paste ', and drying are repeated 60 times, and the cylindrical second dielectric ceramic becomes a honeycomb. In the pattern An arranged dielectric block was obtained.
- sample 3 was 10.6 mm X 4.3 mm X 18 mm.
- the conditions for the binder removal treatment a and the firing conditions are the same as those in Example 1.
- Sample 3 was left standing in the waveguide, and the reflection and transmission characteristics were measured under the same conditions as in Example 1. As a result, at 20 to 24 GHz belonging to the K band, attenuation of 20 dB or more was confirmed, and it became clear that a band gap was generated.
- Photoec crystal 100 was produced based on the flowchart of FIG.
- dielectric ceramic powder average particle diameter of 1. 0 B a O- Nd 2 0 3 one T i 0 2 - B 2 0 3 based powder (dielectric constant: 95) was prepared, as in Example 1
- a dielectric block was obtained under the following conditions.
- Sample 4 was obtained by subjecting the obtained dielectric block to binder removal treatment and firing under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 1. The size of sample 4 is 10.6 mm X 4.3 mm X 18 mm.
- Sample 4 was allowed to stand in the waveguide, and the reflection and transmission characteristics were measured using a network analyzer (HP-8510C manufactured by Agilent Technologies) (S parameters were measured). As a result, an attenuation of 30 dB or more was confirmed for the TE wave at 22 to 25 GHz belonging to the K band.
- a network analyzer HP-8510C manufactured by Agilent Technologies
- Photonic crystal 100 was produced based on the flowchart of FIG.
- dielectric ceramic powder average particle size 1.
- a dielectric paste was prepared by mixing a dielectric ceramic powder, a binder resin, a dispersion medium, and a dispersant with a grinder.
- the binder resin was added at 3 wt% to the dielectric ceramic powder
- the dispersing medium was added at 30 wt% to the dielectric ceramic powder
- the dispersant was added at 1 wt% to the dielectric ceramic powder.
- Dispersant, Vine The types of resin and dispersion medium were as follows.
- the dielectric paste was printed on a PET film as a substrate by a screen printing method, and dried to obtain a ceramic composition constituting a first layer.
- a process of printing a dielectric paste over the obtained ceramic composition and drying the same was repeated to obtain a dielectric block.
- the print pattern had the honeycomb structure shown in FIG. 7, and the diameter of the holes was 1 mm.
- Olefin maleic acid copolymer (trade name: Florene G-700, manufactured by Kyoei Co., Ltd.)
- Binder resin Ethyl cellulose
- Dispersion medium mixed solution of butyl carbitol and turbineol (50 V o
- the dielectric block was subjected to binder removal treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1, and then fired under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 1 to obtain Sample 5.
- the size of the sample 5 is 10.6 mm X 4.3 mm X 18.0 mm.
- Sample 5 was allowed to stand in the waveguide, and the reflection and transmission characteristics were measured using a network analyzer (HP-8510C manufactured by Agilent Technologies) (S parameters were measured). As a result, an attenuation of 25 dB or more was confirmed for the TE wave at 22 to 25 GHz belonging to the K band.
- a method for producing a photonic crystal excellent in mass productivity can be provided. Further, according to the present invention, a photonic crystal having a small size, high strength, and high characteristics can be easily manufactured. Further, according to the present invention, a photonic crystal having a fine pattern can be obtained.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/530,068 US20060081171A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 | 2004-06-15 | Method for producing photonic crystal and photonic crystal |
EP04746163A EP1635195A4 (en) | 2003-06-19 | 2004-06-15 | PROCESS FOR PREPARING A PHOTONIC CRYSTAL AND PHOTONIC CRYSTAL |
JP2005507252A JPWO2004113965A1 (ja) | 2003-06-19 | 2004-06-15 | フォトニック結晶の製造方法およびフォトニック結晶 |
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JP2003175147 | 2003-06-19 | ||
JP2003-175147 | 2003-06-19 | ||
JP2003204950 | 2003-07-31 | ||
JP2003-204950 | 2003-07-31 | ||
JP2003288110 | 2003-08-06 | ||
JP2003-288110 | 2003-08-06 |
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US (1) | US20060081171A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1635195A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2004113965A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100675324B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004113965A1 (ja) |
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JP2011014723A (ja) * | 2009-07-02 | 2011-01-20 | Yupo Corp | 電磁波遮蔽体 |
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US7777403B2 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2010-08-17 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Photonic-crystal filament and methods |
JP5036284B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-22 | 2012-09-26 | 日本碍子株式会社 | セラミックス構造体の製造方法 |
JP5312159B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-08 | 2013-10-09 | キヤノン株式会社 | 3次元フォトニック結晶の製造方法および光機能素子、発光素子 |
WO2013049649A1 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-04 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Low voltage phase modulator and tunable filters |
KR101466833B1 (ko) * | 2013-07-08 | 2014-11-28 | 코닝정밀소재 주식회사 | 유기발광소자용 광추출 기판, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 유기발광소자 |
Citations (2)
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JPH06151999A (ja) * | 1992-11-09 | 1994-05-31 | Fuji Elelctrochem Co Ltd | 積層型圧電/電歪アクチュエータ素子の製造方法 |
JP2001083347A (ja) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-03-30 | Toshiba Corp | 三次元構造体およびその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6134043A (en) * | 1998-08-11 | 2000-10-17 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Composite photonic crystals |
EP1315987A4 (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2005-06-29 | Corning Inc | ACTIVE PHOTONIC CRYSTAL SHAFT CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT |
US6555406B1 (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2003-04-29 | Iowa State University Research Foundation | Fabrication of photonic band gap materials using microtransfer molded templates |
JP4702870B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-27 | 2011-06-15 | 独立行政法人理化学研究所 | 3次元フォトニック結晶およびその製造方法ならびにプローブ |
US6727863B2 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2004-04-27 | The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology | Planar band gap materials |
-
2004
- 2004-06-15 JP JP2005507252A patent/JPWO2004113965A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-06-15 KR KR1020057004530A patent/KR100675324B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-06-15 WO PCT/JP2004/008693 patent/WO2004113965A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-06-15 EP EP04746163A patent/EP1635195A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-06-15 US US10/530,068 patent/US20060081171A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06151999A (ja) * | 1992-11-09 | 1994-05-31 | Fuji Elelctrochem Co Ltd | 積層型圧電/電歪アクチュエータ素子の製造方法 |
JP2001083347A (ja) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-03-30 | Toshiba Corp | 三次元構造体およびその製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP1635195A4 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2011014723A (ja) * | 2009-07-02 | 2011-01-20 | Yupo Corp | 電磁波遮蔽体 |
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US20060081171A1 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
KR100675324B1 (ko) | 2007-01-29 |
JPWO2004113965A1 (ja) | 2006-07-20 |
EP1635195A1 (en) | 2006-03-15 |
KR20050069992A (ko) | 2005-07-05 |
EP1635195A4 (en) | 2007-07-04 |
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