WO2005008284A1 - Wind speed measurement apparatus and method - Google Patents
Wind speed measurement apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005008284A1 WO2005008284A1 PCT/GB2004/002988 GB2004002988W WO2005008284A1 WO 2005008284 A1 WO2005008284 A1 WO 2005008284A1 GB 2004002988 W GB2004002988 W GB 2004002988W WO 2005008284 A1 WO2005008284 A1 WO 2005008284A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- platform
- lidar
- wind
- wind speed
- motion sensing
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S17/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/003—Bistatic lidar systems; Multistatic lidar systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/86—Combinations of lidar systems with systems other than lidar, radar or sonar, e.g. with direction finders
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method and apparatus for wind speed measurements using a laser radar (lidar) wind speed measurement system. More particularly, the invention relates to wind speed measurement apparatus for use on floating platforms such as buoys.
- Land based wind farms comprising a number of wind turbines have been used commercially to produce energy for many years.
- finding sites that are suitable for such wind farms has proved problematic, especially in the light of local environmental objections.
- This has led to the development of off-shore wind farms where the environmental impact is greatly reduced.
- such wind farms are able to exploit the higher wind speeds that are typically found at sea.
- Lidar systems provide wind speed data by measuring the Doppler shift imparted to laser light that is scattered from natural aerosols (e.g. dust, pollen, water droplets etc.) present in air.
- natural aerosols e.g. dust, pollen, water droplets etc.
- An example of a CO 2 laser based lidar system is described by Naughan and Forrester in Wind Engineering, Nol 13, No 1, 1989, ppl-15; see in particular section 8 thereof.
- More recently, lower cost optical fibre based lidar devices of the type described in Karlsson et al, Applied Optics, Vol. 39, No. 21 , 20 July 2000 have been developed.
- Lidar systems measure the Doppler shift imparted to reflected radiation within a certain remote probe volume and can thus only acquire wind velocity data in a direction parallel to the transmitted/returned laser beam.
- a lidar device located on the ground, it is possible to measure the true (3D) wind velocity vector a given distance above the ground by scanning the lidar in a controlled manner; for example using a conical scan. This enables the wind vector to be intersected at a range of known angles thereby allowing the true wind velocity vector to be constructed.
- Ground based scanned lidar systems have been used to measure wind sheer, turbulence and wake vortices for many years in both military and civil applications; for example see Laser Doppler Nelocimetry Applied to the measurement of Local and Global Wind, J.M.Naughan and P.A. Forrester, Wind Engineering, Nol. 13, No. 1, 1989.
- a buoyant platform apparatus comprises a wind speed measurement device and is characterised in that the wind speed measurement device comprises a laser radar (lidar) arranged to make wind velocity measurements at one or more remote probe volumes of known position relative to said buoyant platform.
- the wind speed measurement device comprises a laser radar (lidar) arranged to make wind velocity measurements at one or more remote probe volumes of known position relative to said buoyant platform.
- the present invention thus provides a buoyant platform apparatus (i.e. a platform that will float on water) that can be quickly and easily deployed at any desired location in an expanse of water and can provide reliable wind speed measurements.
- the buoyant platform may be readily deployed off-shore.
- the present invention thus overcomes the need to construct towers rising from the sea-bed on which conventional anemometers are mounted, and allows the wind profiles of potential off-shore wind farm sites to be assessed at a much lower cost than previously possible.
- the apparatus of the present invention not only meets the needs of the wind power industry but could also replace wind data collection systems as used, for instance, in the oil and gas industry and in meteorological forecasting.
- the wind speed measurement device is arranged to acquire wind velocity measurements from remote probe volumes at a plurality of positions such that a true wind velocity ' vector can be determined.
- the lidar may conveniently comprises a beam scanning means.
- a scanning means may advantageous, but by no means essential.
- the scanning means may advantageously be arranged to cause the laser beam to scan in a conical fashion and such an approach would ensure that wind data could be recorded even under extreme calm conditions.
- movement of the platform alone e.g. the tip and tilt caused by wave motion
- Passive beam scanning would obviously prove less useful when there is little or no platform (e.g. wave) motion, however this typically corresponds to occasions when there is less wind and the data during such periods is usually of least interest.
- the wind speed measurement device further comprises motion sensing means that, in use, monitor motion of the buoyant platform.
- the motion sensing means thus allow an absolute position of the remote probe volume of the lidar to be determined for each of the wind velocity measurements.
- absolute position is a position in space that is defined relative to a fixed point on Earth; for example a position measured relative to the ground or the sea-bed.
- accuracy with which the relative position of the remote probe volume is translated into an absolute remote probe volume position will depend on the accuracy of the motion sensing means. Typically, the accuracy of the motion sensing means should be around one degree in angle and a few centimetres per second in velocity (in any direction).
- the present invention thus provides a wind velocity measurement apparatus mounted on or in a buoyant platform that can provide reliable data on the wind velocity at absolute positions in space.
- wind velocity measurements acquired from remote probe volumes at a plurality of absolute positions allow a true wind velocity vector to be determined in a given region of space (e.g. at the potential location of a wind turbine).
- the motion sensing means monitors platform velocity such that acquired wind velocity measurements for the one or more remote probe volumes can be corrected for any relative platform velocity.
- the motion sensing means may comprise any one or more of a number of motion sensors.
- the type of motion sensors used in the motion sensing means will depend on the type of motion adopted by the platform and the importance of the effect of this motion on the data being acquired.
- the combination of sensors enables the position of the lidar probe volume to be determined for each measurement.
- the motion sensing means comprises a rotation sensor.
- the compass direction i.e. the bearing in which the apparatus is pointing
- the motion sensing means may convemently comprise a roll sensor, for example a two dimensional roll sensor. This allows the inclination of the platform to be determined and hence the wind direction to be calculated.
- the motion sensing means comprises a heave sensor.
- This sensor is used to determine the vertical velocity of the measurement platform and hence allows any . change in vertical position of the platform to be established.
- the measured vertical velocity component may also be used to correct the vertical component of the measured wind speed.
- the motion sensing means may also advantageously comprises a translation sensor. This sensor is used to determine the horizontal velocity of the measurement platform (in two dimensions) allowing the platform position to be determined. The measured horizontal velocity may also be used to correct the horizontal component of measured wind speed.
- a global positioning system could also be provided to monitor the absolute position of the platform.
- a translation sensor would generally be unnecessary if the platform was constrained to remain within a defined area. For example, if the platform to which the wind speed measurement apparatus attached was a tethered buoy.
- approximate positional information as provided by current low-cost GPS systems would be enable the location of a drifting platform to be monitored (e.g. for oceanographic studies) or simply to guard against mooring failure or theft.
- a single sensor could be provided to perform all or a combination of the sensor functions described above.
- a single absolute positioning and orientation sensor could be used for measurement of rotation, roll, heave and position if sufficiently accurate and affordable.
- a processing means is provided to receive the output of the motion sensing means and to calculate the absolute position of the remote probe volume of each wind velocity measurement.
- the processing means may advantageously be arranged to compensate for platform velocity (as measured by the motion sensing means) in calculating wind speed.
- data storage means are also included.
- the processing means and data storage means may be provided by a personal computer.
- the acquired data may be periodically transmitted to a remote system via known communication means; e.g. GSM, satc ⁇ ms, SW radio or meteorburst. If more detailed data is required then higher bandwidth communication systems may alternatively be employed. Very detailed information could be stored locally on a magnetic or optical storage medium for subsequent collection by a service engineer.
- the lidar is bistatic. Bistatic lidar systems derive their name from having separate transmit and receive optics. Monostatic lidar systems are also known and are so called because they have common transmit and receive optics.
- the non-parallel transmit and receive beams of a bistatic system are particularly advantageous because they can be arranged to intersect at a certain point thereby accurately defining the remote probe volume (i.e. the area in space from which Doppler wind speed measurements are acquired). Although confinement of the probe volume may lead to a reduction in the strength of the returned signal for distributed targets, the noise generated by spurious reflections is greatly reduced compared with monostatic systems.
- the lidar is optical fibre based.
- the lidar may be of the type described by Karlsson et al, Applied Optics, Nol. 39, No. 21, 20 July 2000. Fibre based lidar systems are advantageous compared with CO2 laser based systems because of their small size, low power consumption and robustness.
- the lidar is mounted within the buoyant platform.
- a transparent window may be provided within the platform through which the laser can be directed.
- the apparatus may be attached to an external portion of the platform.
- the lidar is arranged to have a substantially vertical look direction.
- the buoyant platform (which may also be termed a floating platform) conveniently comprises a buoy.
- the term buoy is well known to those skilled in the art as meaning an unmanned and unpowered buoyant platform.
- the buoy may be tethered in position or may drift with the tide.
- a buoy of the present invention may be used off-shore in the ocean sea or may be used in inland expanses of water such as lakes, rivers etc.
- the buoyant platform may alternatively comprise any platform that is arranged to float on water; for example, a boat, ship etc.
- Means may also be provided to clean the output port through which the radiation generated by the lidar is emitted.
- a wiper or a wash-wipe system may be provided.
- a method of determining wind velocity in the vicinity of a buoyant platform is provided and is characterised by the steps of (i) taking a laser radar (lidar) attached to the buoyant platform and (ii) using the lidar to acquire wind velocity measurements from one or more remote probe volumes of known position relative to the moveable platform.
- a laser radar lidar
- the method further comprises the step of (iii) using motion sensing means to measure motion of said moveable platform. This enables the absolute position of the probe volume wind velocity measurement to be determined.
- the method also comprises the additional step of (iv) acquiring wind velocity measurements from a plurality of probe volumes of known position relative to the moveable platform.
- the method also comprises the step of correcting the acquired wind velocity measurements to take into account the velocity of the platform as measured by the motion sensing means.
- Figure 1 shows a prior art ground based scanned laser anemometer system
- Figure 2 shows a wind speed measurement system of the present invention
- Figure 3 illustrates the scan pattern of the device shown in figure 2
- Figure 4 illustrates a buoy incorporating a wind speed measurement system of the type described with reference to figure 2.
- a prior art lidar 2 is shown.
- the lidar system has a transmit beam and a receive beam that overlap so as to define a certain probe volume in space.
- the lidar 2 is arranged such that the remote probe volume performs a conical scan 4 thereby allowing the wind velocity to be intersected at a range of angles enabling the true velocity vector to be deduced for a region in space.
- Other scanning patterns are known and can be used to determine the true wind velocity vector, provided that the lidar range and pointing (or look) direction is always known with a sufficient degree of accuracy.
- Such lidar systems have been used to measure wind shear, turbulence and wake vortices for many years in both military and civil applications.
- lidar systems are secured in position and scanning means are provided to alter the look direction of the lidar thereby scanning the probe volume through a region of space as described above. It is also known to make wind speed measurements at fixed positions relative to a moving platform (i.e. in a region that moves relative to the ground), such as an aircraft.
- lidar systems are incapable of providing reliable information about the wind speed of a fixed region in space when located on a moving platform.
- the need for a fixed platform has meant that lidar systems have not been contemplated for making measurements at absolute positions in space from platforms that have significant and unpredictable motion, such as off-shore buoys or barges.
- a wind speed measurement apparatus 20 of the present invention is shown which overcomes the requirement for mounting the lidar system on a fixed platform.
- the apparatus 20 comprises a lidar system 22 incorporating a scanning means 24, motion sensing means 26, a computer 28 and a data transmitter system 30.
- the lidar system 22 has a fixed range and emits and receives laser radiation (as indicated by the beam 32) in a known direction relative to the apparatus 20; i.e. the probe volume of the device relative to the apparatus 20 is known.
- the scanning means 24 can scan the beam 32 in a known conical path relative to the apparatus 20.
- platform movement means that the scanned beam will also be subjected to additional pseudo-random scan perturbations. For example, if the apparatus were mounted on an off-shore buoy the tip and tilt caused by wave motion would alter the absolute path in space that is traced by the beam 32. This is illustrated in figure 3 which shows the scan pattern 34 of a buoy 36 that comprises wind speed measurement apparatus 20 of the type described with reference to figure 2 .
- a lidar system may also be used which incorporates a means by which the range (e.g. height) of the measurement probe may be varied to enable wind fields to be interrogated at varying heights. This may be accomplished, for example by varying the position of intercept in a bi-static system, by varying the focus in a monostatic system, or by employing a range-gated pulsed lidar system.
- the motion sensing means 26 is arranged to measure the orientation of the apparatus such that the absolute position of the probe volume during the scan is known. It is then possible for the computer 28 to calculate the three dimensional wind vector in a region of space from the wind speed measurements taken at the plurality of probe volumes of known absolute position.
- the scanning means 24 may comprise a typical prior art optical scanning system. For example, depending upon the area to be scanned, one might consider a raster or vector scan using angled mirrors driven by powerful motors. At the other extreme one could leave out the scanning means altogether relying instead on, say, natural wave motion to provide a pseudo-random scanning pattern.
- any motion of the platform to which the wind speed measurement apparatus is attached will obviously affect the position of the probe volume in which wind speed measurements are made.
- the rotation (i.e. compass direction) and roll (i.e. inclination) of the buoy will affect the probe sample position.
- the heave i.e. vertical displacement
- the vertical velocity of the platform will affect the Doppler shift that is measured from a probe volume in a given region of space.
- the instantaneous velocity of platform motion can be measured and used to correct the velocity measured for a given probe volume.
- Rotation, roll and heave can be monitored using several established motion sensing techniques such as magnetic compasses, gyroscopes and accelerometers.
- Translation of a tethered buoy will be relatively small and will not significantly affect probe position, ut instantaneous platform velocity should be compensated for to provide accurate horizontal wind speed measurements.
- some form of positioning system would be necessary. For example, a Global Positioning System (GPS) could be used.
- GPS Global Positioning System
- the data from each orientation sensor (e.g. rotation, roll, heave and translation) forming the motion sensing means 26 are fed to the computer 28 along with a wind speed signal from the lidar system 22.
- the computer then calculates the wind speed at various probe volumes and determines a three dimensional wind vector.
- the computer may be configured to average data over periods of many minutes. Alternatively, it can be arranged to acquire detailed information about the structure of the wind on a time scale of tens of milliseconds.
- the acquired data may be stored by the computer 28, for example on a hard disk drive, and periodically downloaded to a remote system via the data transmitter system 30.
- a receiver (not shown) may also be provided for receiving control commands to alter the type of data being acquired.
- the data may be continually transmitted to a remote system and the integral computer 28 may be low. complexity or substituted by a dedicated processor.
- the transmitter system 30 may comprise an existing commercial communications systems, e.g. GSM, satcoms, SW radio or meteorburst. However, if more detailed data is also required then higher bandwidth communication systems may need to be employed, but these too are readily available, although they may consume more electrical power.
- fibre-based lidar systems require about two hundred Watts of power. This, plus that required for the motion sensors, navigation lights, communications and, possibly, a heater will push the power budget to perhaps four hundred Watts. For an autonomous buoy-mounted lidar this power will need to be generated se i- continuously.
- Various options exist for generating the power required for example solar, wave, wind, diesel/gas, fuel cells or batteries etc. A combination of such energy sources could also be used to provide continuous operation.
- cleaning system for the external optics (e.g. a lens or window).
- the external optics e.g. a lens or window.
- a simple wiper system as used for instance on car headlamps would probably be adequate for most situations.
- a refinement might be to include a washer system (with the consequent added complexity of maintaining an appropriate reservoir of cleaning fluid).
- a simple transparent foil could be unrolled across the external optic; much like the devices used by motor sports drivers to keep clear visibility in adverse conditions. This approach would overcome the problem of salt build up causing unwanted scattering of the laser beam.
- FIG 4 a graphic illustration of a buoy incorporating a wind measurement apparatus deployed in front of an off-shore wind turbine is shown. Numerous alternative uses for the wind speed measurement apparatus of the present invention would be apparent to a person skilled in the art.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES04743329.7T ES2523102T3 (en) | 2003-07-11 | 2004-07-09 | Apparatus and method for measuring wind speed |
CA2531957A CA2531957C (en) | 2003-07-11 | 2004-07-09 | Wind speed measurement apparatus and method |
US10/564,005 US7311000B2 (en) | 2003-07-11 | 2004-07-09 | Wind speed measurement apparatus and method |
EP04743329.7A EP1644755B1 (en) | 2003-07-11 | 2004-07-09 | Wind speed measurement apparatus and method |
JP2006518370A JP2007527512A (en) | 2003-07-11 | 2004-07-09 | Wind speed measuring apparatus and method |
DK04743329.7T DK1644755T3 (en) | 2003-07-11 | 2004-07-09 | APPARATUS AND PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING WIND SPEED |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0316241.9 | 2003-07-11 | ||
GBGB0316241.9A GB0316241D0 (en) | 2003-07-11 | 2003-07-11 | Wind speed measurement apparatus and method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005008284A1 true WO2005008284A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
Family
ID=27741989
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2004/002988 WO2005008284A1 (en) | 2003-07-11 | 2004-07-09 | Wind speed measurement apparatus and method |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7311000B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1644755B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007527512A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2531957C (en) |
DK (1) | DK1644755T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2523102T3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB0316241D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005008284A1 (en) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004044211A1 (en) * | 2004-09-06 | 2006-03-23 | Kugeler, Oliver, Dr. | Offshore wind profile measurement procedure uses SODAR phased array with phases shifts to correct for buoy motion |
WO2007012878A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Qinetiq Limited | Laser measurement device and method |
ES2301443A1 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2008-06-16 | Acciona Energia, S.A. | System for measuring sea-based wind resources, power generator and installation method |
FR2938075A1 (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-07 | Airbus France | On-board wind detecting and measuring device for aircraft, has lidar measuring speed of wind at set of measured points located at different measure distances, where device generates wind profile signal |
WO2010052385A1 (en) | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-14 | Airburs Operations | Device and method for detecting and measuring wind for an aircraft |
EP2460034A2 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2012-06-06 | Michigan Aerospace Corporation | Atmospheric measurement system |
WO2013079099A1 (en) | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-06 | Flidar | Motion-stabilised lidar and method for wind speed measurement |
EP2629101A1 (en) | 2012-02-14 | 2013-08-21 | SSB Wind Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Floating wind measuring system |
RU2502083C1 (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2013-12-20 | Открытое акционерное общество Центральное конструкторское бюро аппаратостроения | Method of calibrating and checking doppler wind profile radar |
DE102013100515A1 (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2014-07-24 | Christoph Lucks | Method for controlling wind power plant or wind farm, involves carrying out measurement of wind speed and wind direction, and carrying out adjustment of rotor blades, according to pitch angle and azimuth orientation of rotor plane |
WO2014151956A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-25 | Flir Systems, Inc. | Wind sensor motion compensation systems and methods |
CN106772440A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 杭州赛尤企业管理咨询有限公司 | Using the wind measuring system and method for controlling frequency conversion of frequency conversion laser windfinding radar |
US10324190B2 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2019-06-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Wind measuring apparatus |
US20210298556A1 (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-09-30 | Shenzhen Silver Star Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd | Cleaning robot |
Families Citing this family (62)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8009513B2 (en) | 2006-11-06 | 2011-08-30 | Second Wind Systems, Inc. | Transducer array arrangement and operation for sodar application |
US8004935B2 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2011-08-23 | Second Wind Systems, Inc. | Sodar housing with non-woven fabric lining for sound absorption |
GB0710209D0 (en) | 2007-05-29 | 2007-07-04 | Cambridge Consultants | Radar system |
US8351295B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2013-01-08 | Second Wind Systems, Inc. | Waterproof membrane cover for acoustic arrays in sodar systems |
US7827861B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2010-11-09 | Second Wind, Inc. | Position correction in sodar and meteorological lidar systems |
US8174930B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2012-05-08 | Second Wind Systems, Inc. | Housing for phased array monostatic sodar systems |
MX2009012674A (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2010-03-08 | Second Wind Inc | Position correction in sodar and meteorological lidar systems. |
US7861583B2 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2011-01-04 | General Electric Company | Wind turbine anemometry compensation |
US20100004913A1 (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2010-01-07 | Honeywell International Inc. | Winds aloft profiler |
US9733392B2 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2017-08-15 | Deep Sciences, LLC | Methods of using environmental conditions in sports applications |
US20090326887A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Wind profile systems for sporting applications |
US7688253B2 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-03-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method and processor for reduced ambiguity resolution matrix for interferometric angle determination |
US20100014066A1 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-01-21 | Honeywell International Inc. | Winds aloft profiling system |
US8264908B2 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2012-09-11 | Second Wind Systems, Inc. | Method of detecting and compensating for precipitation in sodar systems |
US8797550B2 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2014-08-05 | Michigan Aerospace Corporation | Atmospheric measurement system |
CN102439393B (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2014-08-20 | 密歇根宇航公司 | Range imaging lidar |
US20110044811A1 (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-02-24 | Bertolotti Fabio P | Wind turbine as wind-direction sensor |
US8562300B2 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2013-10-22 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Wind turbine with high solidity rotor |
CN104101731B (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2017-04-12 | 喷特路姆科技有限公司 | Methods, devices and systems for remote wind sensing |
DE102010060663B4 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2018-03-08 | Ssb Wind Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Meteorological measuring arrangement |
US8636383B2 (en) | 2011-02-10 | 2014-01-28 | Juan Carlos Casas | Laser signaling buoy and method of using |
US8692983B1 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2014-04-08 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Optical, laser-based, or lidar measuring systems and method |
TWI460430B (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2014-11-11 | Dmark Tech Co Ltd | Method of measuring wind speed and wind direction by the optical radar and controlling the wind-power generator |
KR101142553B1 (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-05-09 | 김준규 | A wind gauge with wind induced pathway |
JP5697101B2 (en) * | 2012-01-23 | 2015-04-08 | エムエイチアイ ヴェスタス オフショア ウィンド エー/エス | Wind power generator and operation control method thereof |
US10310094B2 (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2019-06-04 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Rig heave, tidal compensation and depth measurement using GPS |
US20130317748A1 (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-11-28 | John M. Obrecht | Method and system for wind velocity field measurements on a wind farm |
JP5781018B2 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2015-09-16 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Wind measuring device |
JP5875492B2 (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2016-03-02 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Wind measuring device |
WO2014045930A1 (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2014-03-27 | 古野電気株式会社 | Radar device for ships and speed measuring method |
US9007570B1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2015-04-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Airborne wind profiling algorithm for Doppler Wind LIDAR |
GR1008235B (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-06-27 | Αντωνιος Ιωαννη Πεππας | Floating anemometer with dual operation mast-doppler |
US9201146B2 (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2015-12-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Airborne doppler wind lidar post data processing software DAPS-LV |
US8836922B1 (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2014-09-16 | Google Inc. | Devices and methods for a rotating LIDAR platform with a shared transmit/receive path |
PT3180238T (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2020-08-26 | Univ Maine System | Buoy with integrated motion compensation |
US9720415B2 (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2017-08-01 | Zoox, Inc. | Sensor-based object-detection optimization for autonomous vehicles |
CN105785396A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏科技大学 | Laser radar wind measurement system based on mobile ship platform |
JP2017021035A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-26 | コモンウェルス サイエンティフィック アンド インダストリアル リサーチ オーガナイゼーション | Three-dimensional scanning beam system and method |
US10048358B2 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2018-08-14 | Panosense Inc. | Laser power calibration and correction |
US10109183B1 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2018-10-23 | Panosense Inc. | Interface for transferring data between a non-rotating body and a rotating body |
US10295660B1 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2019-05-21 | Panosense Inc. | Aligning optical components in LIDAR systems |
US10122416B2 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2018-11-06 | Panosense Inc. | Interface for transferring power and data between a non-rotating body and a rotating body |
US10830878B2 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2020-11-10 | Panosense Inc. | LIDAR system |
US10742088B2 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2020-08-11 | Panosense Inc. | Support assembly for rotating body |
US10591740B2 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2020-03-17 | Panosense Inc. | Lens assembly for a LIDAR system |
US10359507B2 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2019-07-23 | Panosense Inc. | Lidar sensor assembly calibration based on reference surface |
US10338594B2 (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2019-07-02 | Nio Usa, Inc. | Navigation of autonomous vehicles to enhance safety under one or more fault conditions |
US10556585B1 (en) | 2017-04-13 | 2020-02-11 | Panosense Inc. | Surface normal determination for LIDAR range samples by detecting probe pulse stretching |
US10423162B2 (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2019-09-24 | Nio Usa, Inc. | Autonomous vehicle logic to identify permissioned parking relative to multiple classes of restricted parking |
US10710633B2 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Nio Usa, Inc. | Control of complex parking maneuvers and autonomous fuel replenishment of driverless vehicles |
US10369974B2 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2019-08-06 | Nio Usa, Inc. | Control and coordination of driverless fuel replenishment for autonomous vehicles |
US11022971B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2021-06-01 | Nio Usa, Inc. | Event data recordation to identify and resolve anomalies associated with control of driverless vehicles |
GR1009551B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2019-07-01 | Ετμε: Πεππας Και Συνεργατες Ε.Ε. | Floating platform for maritime surveillance and telecommunications |
CN108562343B (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2024-01-26 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | Device and method for testing ventilation capacity of dynamic operation equipment |
CN111989593A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-11-24 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Laser radar device, wind power generation device, and wind measurement method |
CN109061772B (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-12-11 | 北京中恒行远科技发展有限公司 | High-precision air drop wind measuring method |
AU2019326321A1 (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2021-04-08 | Zodiac Pool Systems Llc | Mapping and tracking methods and systems principally for use in connection with swimming pools and spas |
CN110135618B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2021-07-09 | 北京观详光电技术有限公司 | Wind profile data prediction method |
EP3964708A1 (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-09 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO | Method and controller arrangement for operating a wind turbine farm |
KR102455233B1 (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-10-18 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | System for processing data corrected for motion displacement of marine lidar |
CN113155403A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-23 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Bridge type wind measuring system |
US20230124927A1 (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-04-20 | Highland Fire Suppression, LLC | Fire Detection and Suppression System |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3728748A (en) * | 1970-11-27 | 1973-04-24 | Us Navy | Mooring apparatus |
US4735503A (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1988-04-05 | Deutsche Forschungs- Und Versuchsanstalt Fur Luft-Und Raumfahrt | Method for determining the direction and speed of wind in the atmosphere |
US5796471A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1998-08-18 | Utah State University | Lidar atmospheric wind detector |
US5872535A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-02-16 | National Oceanic & Atmos Admin | Removing buoy motion from wind profiler moment |
US20020109630A1 (en) * | 2001-02-12 | 2002-08-15 | Law Daniel C. | Hexagonal-annulus phased array antenna for radar wind profiling on moving platforms |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU1023240A2 (en) | 1981-05-18 | 1983-06-15 | Высшее Военно-Морское Ордена Ленина Краснознаменное Ордена Ушакова Училище Им.М.В.Фрунзе | Wind speed two-component photoelectric meter |
GB2123240B (en) | 1982-07-02 | 1986-01-02 | Secr Defence | Wind shear detection by laser doppler velocimetry |
US4652122A (en) | 1985-06-26 | 1987-03-24 | United Technologies Corporation | Gust detection system |
US4712108A (en) * | 1985-10-21 | 1987-12-08 | Isc Cardion Electronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting microbursts |
US4649388A (en) * | 1985-11-08 | 1987-03-10 | David Atlas | Radar detection of hazardous small scale weather disturbances |
US4965572A (en) | 1988-06-10 | 1990-10-23 | Turbulence Prediction Systems | Method for producing a warning of the existence of low-level wind shear and aircraftborne system for performing same |
US5272513A (en) | 1991-12-06 | 1993-12-21 | Optical Air Data Systems, L.P. | Laser doppler velocimeter |
JP2695989B2 (en) * | 1990-09-26 | 1998-01-14 | ロウ,デインズ インストルメント インコーポレイテッド | Speed measurement system and topler sonar system and sonar |
GB2249391A (en) * | 1990-11-01 | 1992-05-06 | British Gas Plc | Method and apparatus for underwater scanning |
US5122807A (en) * | 1991-03-11 | 1992-06-16 | Trask Peter M | Motion-compensated direction finding system |
FR2686312B1 (en) | 1992-01-21 | 1994-04-29 | Aerospatiale | SPACE LASER OBSERVATION VEHICLE, ESPECIALLY FOR WIND SPEED, AND OBSERVATION INSTRUMENT SUITABLE FOR PART OF IT. |
US5724125A (en) | 1994-06-22 | 1998-03-03 | Ames; Lawrence L. | Determination of wind velocity using a non-vertical LIDAR scan |
GB9926516D0 (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2000-01-12 | Secr Defence | Doppler sensor apparatus |
FR2818752A1 (en) | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-28 | Thomson Csf | LASER ANEMOMETER |
JP3740525B2 (en) * | 2001-07-05 | 2006-02-01 | 独立行政法人 宇宙航空研究開発機構 | Wind disturbance prediction system |
US6916219B2 (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2005-07-12 | Apprise Technologies, Inc. | Remote sampling system |
-
2003
- 2003-07-11 GB GBGB0316241.9A patent/GB0316241D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2004
- 2004-07-09 WO PCT/GB2004/002988 patent/WO2005008284A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-07-09 EP EP04743329.7A patent/EP1644755B1/en active Active
- 2004-07-09 ES ES04743329.7T patent/ES2523102T3/en active Active
- 2004-07-09 DK DK04743329.7T patent/DK1644755T3/en active
- 2004-07-09 CA CA2531957A patent/CA2531957C/en active Active
- 2004-07-09 JP JP2006518370A patent/JP2007527512A/en active Pending
- 2004-07-09 US US10/564,005 patent/US7311000B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3728748A (en) * | 1970-11-27 | 1973-04-24 | Us Navy | Mooring apparatus |
US4735503A (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1988-04-05 | Deutsche Forschungs- Und Versuchsanstalt Fur Luft-Und Raumfahrt | Method for determining the direction and speed of wind in the atmosphere |
US5796471A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1998-08-18 | Utah State University | Lidar atmospheric wind detector |
US5872535A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-02-16 | National Oceanic & Atmos Admin | Removing buoy motion from wind profiler moment |
US20020109630A1 (en) * | 2001-02-12 | 2002-08-15 | Law Daniel C. | Hexagonal-annulus phased array antenna for radar wind profiling on moving platforms |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
KARLSSON ET AL., APPLIED OPTICS, vol. 39, no. 21, 20 July 2000 (2000-07-20) |
See also references of EP1644755A1 |
Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004044211A1 (en) * | 2004-09-06 | 2006-03-23 | Kugeler, Oliver, Dr. | Offshore wind profile measurement procedure uses SODAR phased array with phases shifts to correct for buoy motion |
WO2007012878A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Qinetiq Limited | Laser measurement device and method |
US7839491B2 (en) | 2005-07-29 | 2010-11-23 | Qinetiq Limited | Laser measurement device and method |
AU2006273774B2 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2010-12-02 | Qinetiq Limited | Laser measurement device and method |
ES2301443A1 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2008-06-16 | Acciona Energia, S.A. | System for measuring sea-based wind resources, power generator and installation method |
WO2009063112A1 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-05-22 | Acciona Energia, S.A. | System for measuring sea-based wind resources, power generator and installation method |
FR2938075A1 (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-07 | Airbus France | On-board wind detecting and measuring device for aircraft, has lidar measuring speed of wind at set of measured points located at different measure distances, where device generates wind profile signal |
WO2010052385A1 (en) | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-14 | Airburs Operations | Device and method for detecting and measuring wind for an aircraft |
EP2460034A4 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2014-10-29 | Michigan Aerospace Corp | Atmospheric measurement system |
EP2460034A2 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2012-06-06 | Michigan Aerospace Corporation | Atmospheric measurement system |
WO2013079099A1 (en) | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-06 | Flidar | Motion-stabilised lidar and method for wind speed measurement |
EP2629101A1 (en) | 2012-02-14 | 2013-08-21 | SSB Wind Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Floating wind measuring system |
RU2502083C1 (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2013-12-20 | Открытое акционерное общество Центральное конструкторское бюро аппаратостроения | Method of calibrating and checking doppler wind profile radar |
DE102013100515A1 (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2014-07-24 | Christoph Lucks | Method for controlling wind power plant or wind farm, involves carrying out measurement of wind speed and wind direction, and carrying out adjustment of rotor blades, according to pitch angle and azimuth orientation of rotor plane |
WO2014151956A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-25 | Flir Systems, Inc. | Wind sensor motion compensation systems and methods |
US9821892B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2017-11-21 | Flir Systems, Inc. | Wind sensor motion compensation systems and methods |
US10324190B2 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2019-06-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Wind measuring apparatus |
CN106772440A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 杭州赛尤企业管理咨询有限公司 | Using the wind measuring system and method for controlling frequency conversion of frequency conversion laser windfinding radar |
CN106772440B (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2023-09-19 | 杭州赛尤新能源科技有限公司 | Wind measuring system adopting variable-frequency laser wind measuring radar and variable-frequency control method |
US20210298556A1 (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-09-30 | Shenzhen Silver Star Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd | Cleaning robot |
US11910975B2 (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2024-02-27 | Shenzhen Silver Star Intelligent Group Co., Ltd. | Cleaning robot |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2531957A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
CA2531957C (en) | 2014-10-28 |
EP1644755A1 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
GB0316241D0 (en) | 2003-08-13 |
ES2523102T3 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
US20060179934A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
DK1644755T3 (en) | 2014-11-03 |
JP2007527512A (en) | 2007-09-27 |
EP1644755B1 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
US7311000B2 (en) | 2007-12-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA2531957C (en) | Wind speed measurement apparatus and method | |
EP2786175B1 (en) | Motion-stabilised lidar and method for wind speed measurement | |
EP3347723B1 (en) | Wind vector field measurement system | |
Pichugina et al. | Doppler lidar–based wind-profile measurement system for offshore wind-energy and other marine boundary layer applications | |
JP5002760B2 (en) | Unmanned floating material monitoring buoy, floating material monitoring system and floating material monitoring method | |
JP4672605B2 (en) | Sea state measurement method by super buoy | |
AU2009286254A1 (en) | System for the detection and the depiction of objects in the path of marine vessels | |
Bendfeld et al. | Green Energy from the Ocean An overview on costeffectiv and reliable measuring systems | |
Gibeaut et al. | Increasing the accuracy and resolution of coastal bathymetric surveys | |
JP2004347550A (en) | Wind condition investigation method of floating body type, and device | |
KR20170036234A (en) | Lidar apparatus and motion control method thereof | |
CN213515761U (en) | Floating offshore wind, wave and flow measuring device | |
Courtney et al. | Remote sensing technologies for measuring offshore wind | |
CN115421162A (en) | Floating type continuous wave laser wind finding radar device and system | |
Reuder et al. | Recommendation on use of wind lidars | |
Nassif et al. | Wind measurements using a LIDAR on a buoy | |
Côté | The measurement of nearshore bathymetry on intermediate and dissipative beaches | |
CN117698936A (en) | Marine deepwater floating meteorological hydrologic monitoring system and installation method | |
Mendelsohn et al. | Lidar and Wave Radar Observations Analysis for Offshore Hurricane Conditions in the Gulf of Mexico | |
CN201707345U (en) | Numerically controlled scanning laser velocity measurement holder | |
Ramesh et al. | Validation of buoy mounted downward looking ADCP using subsurface moored upward looking ADCP | |
Pichugina et al. | 9B. 2 Lidar measurements of wind flow characteristics for inland and offshore wind energy | |
Terray et al. | Roadmap: Technologies for Cost Effective, Spatial Resource Assessments for Offshore Renewable Energy | |
Profilers | Ocean Engineering/Technology | |
Ueda et al. | Offshore wind profile observation system on a floating buoy |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004743329 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006179934 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 10564005 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2531957 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006518370 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2004743329 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10564005 Country of ref document: US |