WO2005010652B1 - Method and apparatus for high throughput multiple radio sectorized wireless cell - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for high throughput multiple radio sectorized wireless cell

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Publication number
WO2005010652B1
WO2005010652B1 PCT/US2004/019318 US2004019318W WO2005010652B1 WO 2005010652 B1 WO2005010652 B1 WO 2005010652B1 US 2004019318 W US2004019318 W US 2004019318W WO 2005010652 B1 WO2005010652 B1 WO 2005010652B1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antennas
antenna
radio
channel
group
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2004/019318
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2005010652A2 (en
WO2005010652A3 (en
Inventor
Brian C Spenik John Woodbury
Roc Lastinger
Original Assignee
Rotani Inc
Lastsinger Roc
Spenik John
Woodbury Brian C
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rotani Inc, Lastsinger Roc, Spenik John, Woodbury Brian C filed Critical Rotani Inc
Priority to EP04755471A priority Critical patent/EP1642192A4/en
Publication of WO2005010652A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005010652A2/en
Publication of WO2005010652A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005010652A3/en
Publication of WO2005010652B1 publication Critical patent/WO2005010652B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/12—Fixed resource partitioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/382—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels for resource allocation, admission control or handover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0491—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more sectors, i.e. sector diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0491—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more sectors, i.e. sector diversity
    • H04B7/0495—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more sectors, i.e. sector diversity using overlapping sectors in the same base station to implement MIMO for antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
    • H04W74/04—Scheduled or contention-free access
    • H04W74/06—Scheduled or contention-free access using polling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for high throughput wireless cells, capable of functioning as access points, are described. The wireless cells may be equipped with multiple radios to increase the amount of throughput available through a single wireless cell. Multiple antennas attached to the radios through RF switches may enable the wireless cell to service multiple clients simultaneously. The physical sectors of the antennas may overlapped to form virtual sectors that provide greater flexibility in client load management and in simultaneously servicing multiple clients. Attenuators may reduce interference from foreign wireless cells or clients. Systems and methods for assigning minimally interfering channels to either physical sectors or to radios to reduce interference between adjacent sectors and overlapping sectors are also disclosed. An antenna horn may also allow any antenna to be used as a directional antenna and may enable the antenna's angle of coverage to be adjusted. The use of multiple antennas on a client to reduce interferences is also described.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS[received by the International Bureau on 05 April 2006 (15.08.06)]What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus configured to facilitate wireless communication, comprising: a processor; at least two radios interfacing with said processor; an RF switch interfacing with each of said radios; and, an antenna interfacing with each of said RF switches, wherein said antenna is associated with a physical sector, wherein said physical sector overlaps at least one other said physical sector thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said processor interfaces with said RF switches.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said antenna is positioned in a horn, said antenna configured to receive and transmit signals.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said antenna is directional.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said directional antenna is at least one of patch, omni-directional with reflector, omni-directional positioned in a horn, yagi, MIMO, array, adaptive array, dish, beam, and parabolic.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one of said processor, said radios, said RF switch, and said antennas is adapted for at least one of IEEE 802.11 , Bluetooth, ultra-wideband, IEEE 802.15, and IEEE 802.16 communication protocols.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , comprising three radios, and six antennas.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said physical sectors of said antennas form an angle of coverage of at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270, and 360 degrees.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each physical sector of said antennas overlaps at least one adjacent physical sector by about 50%.
10. An apparatus configured to facilitate wireless communication, comprising: a processor;
74 at least two radios interfacing with said processor, wherein each of said radios having a receive path and a transmit path; an attenuator interfacing with said receive path of each of said radios; an antenna sharing device interfacing with said attenuator and to said transmit path of each of said radios; an RF switch interfacing with said antenna sharing devices; and, an antenna, interfacing with each of said RF switches, wherein said antenna is associated with a physical sector, wherein said physical sector overlaps one other of said physical sector, thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said processor interfaces with said RF switches.
12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said attenuator is.adjustable, said attenuator interfacing with said processor.
13. [Cancelled].
14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said antenna is directional.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said directional antenna is at least one of patch, omπi-directional with reflector, omni-directional positioned in a horn, yagi, MIMO, array, adaptive array, dish, beam, and parabolic.
16. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein at least one of said processor, said radios, said attenuator, said RF switch, and said antennas is adapted for at least one of IEEE 802.11 , Bluetooth, ultra-wideband, IEEE 802.15, and IEEE 802.16 communication protocols.
17. The apparatus of claim 10, comprising three radios, three attenuators, three RF switches, three antenna sharing devices, and six antennas.
18. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said physical sectors of said antennas form an angle of coverage of at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270, and 360 degrees.
19. The apparatus of claim 10, comprising two radios, two attenuators, two RF switches, two antenna sharing devices, and four antennas.
20. An apparatus configured to facilitate wireless communication, comprising: a processor;
75 a radio interfacing with said processor; an RF switch interfacing with each of said radios; at least two attenuators interfacing with said RF switch; and, an antenna interfacing with each of said attenuators, wherein said antenna is associated with a physical sector, wherein at least one of said physical sectors overlaps at least one other of said physical sectors, thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels.
21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein said processor interfaces with said RF switches.
22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein said attenuators are adjustable, said attenuators interfacing with said processor.
23. [Cancelled].
24. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein said antenna is directional.
25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein said directional antenna is at least one of patch, omni-directional with reflector, omni-directioπal positioned in a horn, yagi, MIMO1 array, adaptive array, dish, beam, and parabolic.
26. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein at least one of said processor, said radio, said attenuators, said RF switch, and said antenna is adapted for at least one of IEEE 802.11 , Bluetooth, ultra-wideband, IEEE 802.15, and IEEE 802.16 communication protocols.
27. The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising three radios, three attenuators, three RF switches, and six antennas.
28. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein said physical sectors of said antennas form an angle of coverage of at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270, and 360 degrees.
29. The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising two radios, four attenuators, two RF switches, and four antennas.
30. An enhanced antenna system, comprising: an attenuator, at least two antennas interfacing with said attenuator, wherein said attenuator attenuates incoming and outgoing signals from said antennas, wherein each of said antennas is associated with a physical sector, wherein at least one of said physical sectors overlaps at least one other of said physical sectors,
76 thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels.
31. The system of claim 30, wherein at least one of said antennas is directional.
32. [Cancelled].
33. The system of claim 30, wherein said physical sectors of said antennas form an angle of coverage of at least one of about 45, 90, 1Θ0, 270, and 360 degrees.
34. The system of claim 31, wherein said directional antenna is at least one of patch, omni-directional with reflector, omni-directioπal positioned in a horn, yagi, MIMO, array, adaptive array, dish, beam, and parabolic.
35. The system of claim 30, wherein at least one of said attenuator and said antenna is adapted for at least one of the IEEE 802.11 , Bluetooth, ultra- wideband, IEEE 802.15, or IEEE 802.16 communication protocols.
36. The system of claim 30, wherein only one of said antennas is active at any one time.
37. An enhanced antenna system comprising; an attenuator; an antenna sharing device interfacing with said attenuator, whereby only incoming signals are attenuated; an plurality of RF switch interfacing with said antenna sharing device; and, at least two antennas, wherein said antennas interface with said RF switch, wherein each of said antennas is associated with a physical sector, wherein at least one of said physical sectors overlaps at least one other of said physical sectors thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels.
38. The system of claim 37, wherein at least one of said antennas is directional.
39. [Cancelled].
40. The system of claim 37, wherein said_physical sectors of said antennas form an angle of coverage of at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270, and 360 degrees.
77
41. The system of claim 38, wherein said directional antenna is at least one of patch, omni-directional with reflector, omni-directional positioned in a horn, yagi, MIMO, array, adaptive array, dish, beam, and parabolic.
42. The system of claim 37, wherein at least one of said attenuator and said antennas is adapted for at least one of the IEEE 802.11 , Bluetooth, ultra- wideband, IEEE 802.15, or IEEE 802.16 communication protocols.
43. The system of claim 37, wherein only one of said antennas is active at any one time.
44. An enhanced antenna system comprising: an RF switch, at least two antennas interfacing with said RF switch, wherein each of said antennas is associated with a physical sector, wherein at least one of said physical sectors overlaps at least one other of said physical sectors, thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels.
45. The system of claim 44, wherein at least one of said antennas is directional.
46. The system of claim 44, wherein only one of said antennas which provides at least one of a desired incoming signal quality and a desired data throughput is active.
47. The system of claim 44, wherein said physical sectors of said antennas form an angle of coverage of at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270, and 360 degrees.
48. The system of claim 45, wherein said directional antenna is at least one of patch, omni-directional with reflector, omni-directional positioned in a horn, yagi, MIMO, array, adaptive array, dish, beam, and parabolic.
49. The system of claim 44, wherein at least one of said RF switch and said antenna is adapted for at least one of the IEEE 802.1 1 , Bluetooth, ultra- wideband, IEEE 802.15, or IEEE 802.16 communication, protocols.
50. [Cancelled].
51. [Cancelled].
52. [Cancelled].
53. [Cancelled],
78
54. [Cancelled].
55. An apparatus configured to facilitate wireless communication, said apparatus comprising: a processor, a radio interfacing with said processor; an RF switch interfacing with said radio; and, at least two antennas interfacing with said RF switch, wherein each of said antennas is associated with a physical sector, wherein at least one of said physical sectors overlaps at least one other of said physical sectors, thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels.
56. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein said processor interfacing with said RF switch.
57. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein at least one of said antennas is directional.
58. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein only one of said antennas is active at any one time.
59. The apparatus of claim 58, wherein a selection of said active antenna is based upon at least one of signal quality, interference, and data throughput.
60. [Cancelled],
61. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein said physical sectors of said antennas form an angle of coverage of at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270, and 360 degrees.
62. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein said directional antenna is at least one of patch, omni-directional with reflector, omni-directional positioned in a horn, yagi, MIMO, array, adaptive array, dish, beam, and parabolic,
63. The apparatus of claim 55, wherein at least one of said processor, said radio, said RF switch, and said antennas is adapted for at least one of the IEEE 802.11 , Bluetooth, ultra-wideband, IEEE 802.15, or IEEE 802.16 communication protocols.
64. An apparatus configured to facilitate wireless communication, said apparatus comprising: a processor;
79 a radio interfacing with said processor, said radio having a receive path and a transmit path; an attenuator interfacing with said receive path; an antenna sharing device interfacing with said attenuator and with said transmit path; an RF switch interfacing with said antenna sharing device; and, at least two antennas interfacing with said RF switch, wherein each of said antennas is associated with a physical sector, wherein at least one of said physical sectors overlaps at least one other of said physical sectors thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels.
65. The apparatus of claim 64, wherein said processor interfacing with said RF switch.
66. The apparatus of claim 64, wherein said attenuator is adjustable, said attenuator interfacing with said processor.
67. The apparatus of claim 64, wherein at least one of said antennas is directional,
68. The apparatus of claim 64, wherein only one of said antennas is active at any one time.
69. [Cancelled].
70. The apparatus of claim 64, wherein said physical sectors of said antennas form an angle of coverage of at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270, and 360 degrees.
71. The apparatus of claim 67, wherein said directional antenna is at least one of patch, omni-directional with reflector, omni-directional positioned in a horn, yagi, MIMO1 array, adaptive array, dish, beam, and parabolic.
72. The apparatus of claim 64, wherein at least one of said processor, said radio, said attenuator, said RF switch, and said antennas is adapted for at least one of the IEEE 802.11 , Bluetooth, ultra-wideband, IEEE 802.15, or IEEE 802.16 communication protocols.
73. A method for facilitating the reduction of interference, said method comprising: selecting a client having at least two antennas, wherein each of said antennas is associated with a physical sector, wherein at least one of said
80 physical sectors overlaps at least one other of said physical sectors, thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels, polling each of said antennas to determine signal quality; selecting an antenna capable of providing a threshold signal quality; and, disabling other antennas.
74. The method of claim 73, wherein at least one of said antennas is directional.
75. The method of claim 73, wherein only said antennas whose associated physical sectors are assigned a same channel as said physical sector of a selected antenna are disabled.
76. A method for facilitating the reduction of interference, said method comprising: selecting a client having at least two antennas and at least two attenuators, wherein each antenna is associated with an attenuator, wherein said attenuators attenuate at least one of incoming and outgoing signals, wherein each of said antennas is associated with a physical sector, wherein at least one of said physical sectors overlaps at least one other of said physical sectors thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels; polling each of said antennas to determine signal quality; selecting an antenna capable of providing a threshold signal quality; disabling other antennas; and, adjusting attenuation of attenuator associated with the enabled antenna to improve signal quality.
77. The method of claim 76, wherein at least one of said antennas is directional.
78. The method of claim 76, wherein only the antennas whose associated physical sectors are assigned the same channel as the physical sector of the selected antenna are disabled.
79. A method for facilitating adjustment of physical sector size, said method comprising: selecting a wireless apparatus having a radio, an attenuator, and an antenna, wherein said radio has a transmit path and a receive path, wherein said transmit path of said radio interfacing with said antenna, wherein said receive path of said radio interfacing with said attenuator and said attenuator interfacing with said antenna, whereby incoming signals enter through said antenna then pass through said attenuator before reaching said radio;
S adjusting said radio transmission power, whereby outgoing signals travel said transmit path and transmit out said antenna a predetermined transmit range; adjusting said attenuator, whereby incoming signals are attenuated thereby limiting incoming signals to a predetermined receive range, wherein said transmit range is adjusted independent of said receive range. 0 80. The method of claim 79, wherein said radio transmission power is maximized and said attenuation is minimized, thereby attaining maximum coverage in said transmit range and said receive range.
81. The method of claim 79, wherein said steps of adjusting said radio transmission power and said attenuator further comprise adjusting said transmit 5 range and said receive range is at least one of one-half, one-quarter, one-eighth, and one-sixteenth a maximum coverage area.
82. The method of claim 79, wherein said steps of adjusting said radio transmission power and said attenuator further comprise adjusting said transmit range and said receive range is less than one-sixteenth a maximum coverage 0 area.
83. A method for facilitating adjusting physical sector size, said method comprising: selecting a wireless apparatus having a radio, an attenuator, and an antenna, wherein said radio has a combined transmit and receive path, wherein 5 said combined transmit and receive path interfacing with said attenuator and said attenuator interfacing with said antenna, whereby incoming signals enter through said antenna then pass through said attenuator before reaching said radio; adjusting said radio transmission power of said wireless apparatus, whereby outgoing signals transmit out said antenna a predetermined transmit 0 range; adjusting said attenuator, whereby incoming and outgoing signals are attenuated, thereby limiting an incoming receive range and said outgoing range transmit range.
82
84. The method of claim 83, wherein said radio transmission power is maximized, and said attenuation is minimized, thereby attaining maximum coverage in said transmit range and said receive range.
85. The method of claim 83, wherein said steps of adjusting said radio transmission power and said attenuator further comprise adjusting said transmit range and said receive range is at least one of one-half, one-quarter, one-eighth, and one-sixteenth a maximum coverage area.
86. The method of claim 83, wherein said steps of adjusting said radio transmission power and said attenuator further comprise adjusting said transmit range and said receive range is less than one-sixteenth a maximum coverage area.
87. A method for facilitating adjustment of physical sector size, said method comprising: selecting a wireless apparatus having a processor, a radio interfacing with said processor, and an antenna interfacing with said radio, wherein said processor is adapted to attenuate an incoming signal received by said radio through said antenna; adjusting said radio transmission power, whereby outgoing signals transmit out said antenna a predetermined transmit range; adjusting said processor attenuation, whereby incoming signals are received by said radio through said antenna then attenuated by said processor thereby limiting incoming signals to a predetermined receive range, wherein said transmit range is adjusted independent of said receive range.
88. The method of claim 87, wherein said radio transmission power is maximized, and said attenuation is minimized, thereby attaining maximum coverage in said transmit range and said receive range.
89. The method of claim 87, wherein said steps of adjusting said radio transmission power and attenuation by said processor further comprise adjusting said transmit range and said receive range is at least one of one-half, one- quarter, one-eighth, and one-sixteenth a maximum coverage area.
90. The method of claim 87, wherein said steps of adjusting said radio transmission power and attenuation by said processor further comprise adjusting said transmit range and said receive range is less than one-sixteenth a maximum coverage.
83
91. A method for facilitating forming non-overlapping coverage, said method comprising: determining an angle of coverage and an area of coverage, selecting a wireless apparatus having at least one radio, an attenuator interfacing with each radio, and at least two directional antennas interfacing with each attenuator, wherein each antenna is associated with a physical sector, wherein incoming signals enter through said antenna then pass through said attenuator before reaching said radio, said attenuator adapted to attenuate incoming signals, positioning said directional antennas, whereby said physical sectors of said directional antennas are substantially non-overlapping and substantially cover the angle of coverage; adjusting the attenuation of said attenuators to adjust a size of said physical sectors of said directional antennas, whereby said physical sectors substantially cover said area of coverage.
92. The method of claim 91 , wherein said angle of coverage is at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270 and 360 degrees.
93. The method of claim 91 , wherein said area of coverage is at least one of about one-half, one-quarter, one-eighth, and one-sixteenth of a maximum of said physical sector size.
94. The method of claim 91 , comprising at least one of two, three, four, and six antennas and their associated physical sectors.
95. The method of claim 91 , comprising three radios.
96. The method of claim 91 , wherein at least one of said directional antennas are at least one of patch, omni-directioπal with reflector, omnidirectional positioned in a horn, yagi, MIMO, array, adaptive array, dish, beam, and parabolic.
97. A method for facilitating formation of overlapping coverage, said method comprising: determining an angle of coverage and an area of coverage, selecting a wireless apparatus having a plurality of directional antennas, wherein each antenna is associated with a physical sector;
84 positioning a first group of said antennas, wherein said physical sectors are substantially non-overlapping, and wherein adjacent physical sectors are assigned different channels; positioning a second group of said antennas, wherein said physical sectors are substantially non-overlapping, wherein adjacent physical sectors are assigned different channels; and, superimposing said second group over said first group, wherein each physical sector of said second group overlaps at least one physical sector of said first group.
98. The method of claim 97, wherein said angle of coverage is at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270 and 360 degrees.
99. The method of claim 97, wherein said area of coverage is at least one of about one-half, one-quarter, one-eighth, and one-sixteenth of a maximum of said physical sector size.
100. The method of claim 97, wherein said physical sectors of said first group are substantially adjacent.
101. The method of claim 97, wherein said physical sectors of said second group are substantially adjacent.
102. The method of claim 97, wherein each antenna of at least one of said first group and said second group has a substantially similar angle of coverage.
103. The method of claim 97, wherein overlapping sectors are assigned different channels.
104. A method for facilitating the assignment of channels to at least partially overlapping physical sectors, said method comprising: selecting a wireless cell having a plurality of antennas, wherein each antennas is associated with a physical sector; wherein said antennas are positioned into a first group of non-overlapping physical sectors and a second group of non-overlapping physical sectors, wherein said first group and said second group are superimposed such that each physical sector of said second group at least partially overlaps at least one physical sector of said first group; assigning a channel to each physical sector of said first group; and, assigning a channel to each physical sector of said second group.
85
105. The method of claim 104, wherein each physical sector of said first group and said second group. is assigned a unique channel.
106. The method of claim 104, wherein each physical sector of said first group and said second group is assigned a same channel.
107. The method of claim 104, wherein adjacent physical sectors of said first group are assigned different channels.
108. The method of claim 104, wherein the channel assigned to a physical sector of said second group is different from the channel assigned to each physical sector of said first group overlapped by said physical sector of said second group.
109. The method of claim 104, wherein each of said first group and said second group has three adjacent, non-overlapping physical sectors, an angle of coverage of each of said first group and said second group is at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270, and 360 degrees, and each of said non-overlapping physical sectors is assigned a channel selected from the group of C1 , C2, and C3.
110. The method of claim 104, wherein the channels assigned to the physical sectors of said first group are exclusive of the channels assigned to the physical sectors of said second group.
111. The method of claim 104, wherein said first group and said second group each have three adjacent, non-overlapping physical sectors, an angle of coverage of each of said first group and said second group is at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270, and 360 degrees, each of said non-overlapping physical sectors of said first group is assigned a channel selected from the group of C1 , C2, and C3, and each of said non-overlapping physical sectors of said second group is assigned a channel selected from the group of C4, C5, and C6.
112. The method of claim 104, wherein each physical sector of said first group is assigned the same channel and physical sectors of said second group are each assigned a channel different from the channel assigned to each physical sector of said first group.
113. The method of claim 104, wherein adjacent physical sectors of said second group are assigned different channels.
114. A method for facilitating the assignment of channels to non- overlapping sectors, said method comprising:
86 selecting a wireless cell having a plurality of directional antennas, wherein physical sectors of said antennas are substantially non-overlapping; and, assigning a channel to each physical sector.
115. The method of claim 114, wherein each sector is assigned a unique channel.
116. [Cancelled].
117. The method of claim 114, wherein adjacent physical sectors are assigned different channels.
118 The method of claim 114, wherein said wireless cell provides an angle of coverage at least one of about 45, 90, 180, 270, and 360 degrees.
119. The method of claim 114, wherein physical sectors facing diametrically opposite directions are assigned the same channel.
120. A method for facilitating the reduction of interference, said method comprising: selecting a wireless cell having at least two radios, an attenuator interfacing with each of said radios, and at least two antennas interfacing with each of said attenuators, said attenuator configured to attenuate incoming signals after entering said antenna and outgoing signals before leaving said antenna; selecting a client having a radio, an attenuator interfacing with said radio, and at least two antennas interfacing with said attenuator, said attenuator configured to attenuate incoming signals after entering said antenna and outgoing signals before leaving said antenna; establishing communication between said wireless cell and said client, adjusting attenuation of said wireless cell to decrease interference from sources other than signals received from said client; and, adjusting attenuation of said client to decrease interference from sources other than signals received from said wireless cell.
121 The method of claim 120, wherein said radio additionally comprising a transmit path and a receive path, wherein said attenuator interfacing with said receive path and said antenna, wherein said transmit path interfacing with said antenna, wherein said attenuator attenuates only incoming signals
122. The method of claim 120, wherein at least one of said antennas is directional and wherein at least one of said antennas is at least one of a patch,
87 omni-directional with reflector, omni-directional positioned in a horn, yagi, MIMO1 array, adaptive array, dish, beam, and parabolic.
123. The method of claim 120, wherein said client only uses the antenna that provides highest receive signal quality as compared to other said antennas.
124. The method of claim 120, wherein an angle of coverage of said client is at least one of 45, 90, 180, 270, and 360 degrees and the physical sectors of the antennas do not substantially overlap.
125. The method of claim 120, wherein said client includes two about 180-degree directional antennas arranged to provide substantially non- overlapping coverage.
126. A method for facilitating performance of an active scan, said method comprising: selecting a wireless cell having at least one radio, wherein said wireless cell is adapted to communicate with an advanced client, wherein said advanced client is adapted to send control information to said wireless cell; setting each radio to a preliminary channel, wherein each radio includes a plurality of channels; permitting each radio to collect signal quality information for said preliminary channel; retrieving and storing signal quality information from each radio; probing for advanced clients; when said advanced client is discovered, accepting control information from said advanced client; changing the channel to a next channel; repeating said permitting step, said retrieving step, said probing step, and said changing step until all channels of each of said radio have been tested; and, determining an optimal channel assignment based on said signal quality information.
127. A method for facilitating initialization, said method comprising; selecting a wireless cell having at least one radio, wherein said wireless cell is adapted to communicate with an advanced client, wherein said advanced client is adapted to send control information to said wireless cell, and wherein each radio includes a plurality of channels; determining if a configuration is static, then,
88 when said configuration is static, said wireless cell retrieving stored configuration data, programming each of said radios, and entering background loop; when said configuration is not static, said wireless cell performing an active scan and probing for advanced clients, then; when probe for advanced clients detects that advanced clients are present, programming each of said radios, receiving control information from said advanced clients, and entering background loop; and, when probe for advanced clients detects that advanced clients are not present, said wireless cell determining the optimal channel assignment, programming each radio, and entering background loop.
128. A method for facilitating the performance of background functions, said method comprising: selecting a wireless cell having at least one radio, and wherein each radio includes a plurality of channels; determining if a configuration is static, then; when said configuration is static, said wireless cell starting performance of housekeeping functions; . when said configuration is not static, said wireless cell performing a passive scan and determining if a new, foreign wireless cell is detected, then; when a new, foreign wireless cell is not detected, said wireless cell starting performance of house keeping functions; when a new, foreign wireless cell is detected, said wireless cell determining a best fit channel assignment and determining if a new configuration is needed, then, when a new configuration is not needed, said wireless cell starting performance of house keeping functions; when a new configuration is needed, said wireless cell programming radio channels and starting performance of house keeping functions; and, upon completion of house keeping functions, repeat said step of determining if a configuration is static.
129. A method for a client to signal lack of throughput, said method comprising:
89 determining that throughput is insufficient to substantially comply with specifications; and, sending an optimization request message to a servicing wireless cell.
130. A method for a wireless cell to provide sufficient throughput, said method comprising: receiving an optimization request message from a client; performing a throughput optimization calculation; and, sending a channel change message to all clients associated with said wireless cell.
131. A method for a client to respond to a channel change message, said method comprising; receiving the channel change message; changing a channel to a new channel specified in the channel change message; and, determining if a throughput of said new channel is sufficient to substantially comply with specifications.
132. A method for a client to respond to insufficient throughput, said method comprising: said client determining that throughput is insufficient to substantially comply with specifications; said client sending an optimization request message to the servicing wireless cell, thereby resulting in said wireless cell receiving said optimization request message from said client, performing a throughput optimization calculation, and sending a channel change message to all clients associated with said wireless cell; said client receiving a channel change message; said client changing a channel to a new channel specified in said channel change message; and, said client determining if a throughput of said new channel is sufficient to substantially comply with specifications.
133. A method for a client to signal a successful channel change, said method comprising: determining that throughput is sufficient to substantially comply with specifications; and,
90 sending a channel change successful message to a servicing wireless cell.
134. [Cancelled].
135. A method for a client to respond to a successful channel change, said method comprising: said client determining that throughput is sufficient to substantially comply with specifications; said client sending a channel change successful message to a servicing wireless cell, thereby resulting in said wireless cell receiving a channel change successful message from said client, performing a throughput optimization calculation and sending a channel change complete message to all clients associated with said wireless cell; and, each client receiving a channel change complete message.
136. A method for a client to signal an unsuccessful channel change, said method comprising: determining that throughput is not sufficient to substantially comply with specifications; and, sending a channel change unsuccessful message to a servicing wireless cell.
137. [Cancelled].
138. A method for a client to respond to an unsuccessful channel change, said method comprising: said client determining that a throughput is not sufficient to substantially comply with specifications; said client sending a channel change unsuccessful message to a servicing wireless cell, thereby resulting in said wireless cell receiving a channel change unsuccessful message, determining next channel assignment, and sending a channel change message to all clients associated with said wireless cell; and, each of said client responding to said channel change message.
139. [Cancelled].
140. A method for a client to respond to an optimal channel message, said method comprising: receiving an optimal channel message; changing a channel to a new channel specified in the optimal channel message;
91 determining that throughput is insufficient to substantially comply with specifications; and, performing adaptive steps to address insufficient throughput.
141. A method for a client to respond to a channel change successful message when no channel may deliver throughput, said method comprising: said client signaling an unsuccessful channel change, thereby resulting in a wireless cell receiving a channel change unsuccessful message, discovering that all channels have been used and that no channel may deliver desired throughput, determining an optimal channel for all clients associated with said wireless cell and sending an optimal channel message to all clients associated with said wireless cell; said client receiving said optimal channel message; said client changing a channel to the channel specified in the optimal channel message; said client determining that throughput is insufficient to substantially comply with specifications; and, said client performing adaptive steps to address insufficient throughput.
142. The method of claim 141, wherein said client signaling an unsuccessful channel change comprises: determining that throughput is not sufficient to substantially comply with specifications; and, sending a channel change unsuccessful message to a servicing wireless cell.
143. An apparatus configured to facilitate wireless communication, said apparatus comprising: a processor; at least two radios interfacing with said processor; an antenna interfacing with each of said radios, wherein said antenna is associated with a physical sector, wherein said physical sector overlaps at least one other of said physical sector thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels.
144. An apparatus configured to facilitate wireless communication, said apparatus comprising:
92 a processor; a radio interfacing with said processor; at least two antennas interfacing with said radio, wherein each of said antennas is associated with a physical sector, wherein at least one of said 5 physical sectors overlaps at least one other of said physical sectors thereby forming an overlapping coverage pattern, and wherein overlapping physical sectors are assigned different channels.
145. A method for facilitating reduction of interference, said method comprising;
]0 selecting a wireless apparatus having a first radio, a second radio, and at least two directional antennas interfacing with each radio, wherein each antenna is associated with a physical sector; assigning said first radio a first channel and said second radio a second channel, wherein said first channel is different from said second channel; 15 positioning said antennas of said first radio as a first group of antennas, wherein said physical sectors of said antennas of said first group are substantially non-overlapping; positioning said antennas of said second radio as a second group of antennas, wherein said physical sectors of said antennas of said second group 20 are substantially non-overlapping; superimposing said second group over said first group, wherein each physical sector of said second group overlaps at least one physical sector of said first group; selecting an active antenna from said first group based upon at least one 25 of signal quality, interference, and data throughput for said first channel; selecting an active antenna from said second group based upon at least one of signal quality, interference, and data throughput for said second channel; simultaneously servicing a first group of clients with said selected antenna of said first group of antennas using said first channel and a second group of 30 clients with said selected antenna of said second group of antennas using said second channel.
146. A method for facilitating reduction of interference, said method comprising:
93 selecting a wireless cell having at least two radios and at least two directional antennas interfacing with each radio, wherein each radio is adapted to communicate using at least two channels; selecting at least one client adapted to communicate with said wireless cell; selecting a radio of said wireless cell as a selected radio; testing said selected radio by communicating with each client using each channel through each antenna interfacing with said selected radio while measuring at least one of signal quality, sigπal-to-noise ratio, interference, and data throughput; storing a test result from said testing step; selecting a next radio as a selected radio and repeating said testing and storing steps until all radios have been tested; using said test result to achieve a desired level of performance by assigning a channel to each radio, selecting an antenna for each radio, assigning each client to a radio; associating each client with its assigned radio.
94
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US7873319B2 (en) 2011-01-18
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US20070066234A1 (en) 2007-03-22
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US7302278B2 (en) 2007-11-27
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US7274944B2 (en) 2007-09-25
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