WO2005022390A1 - マイクロコンピュータ及びシステムプログラムの開発方法 - Google Patents
マイクロコンピュータ及びシステムプログラムの開発方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005022390A1 WO2005022390A1 PCT/JP2004/012350 JP2004012350W WO2005022390A1 WO 2005022390 A1 WO2005022390 A1 WO 2005022390A1 JP 2004012350 W JP2004012350 W JP 2004012350W WO 2005022390 A1 WO2005022390 A1 WO 2005022390A1
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- Prior art keywords
- interface circuit
- buffer
- program
- debug
- microcomputer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/22—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing
- G06F11/26—Functional testing
- G06F11/267—Reconfiguring circuits for testing, e.g. LSSD, partitioning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/22—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing
- G06F11/26—Functional testing
- G06F11/261—Functional testing by simulating additional hardware, e.g. fault simulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a microcomputer, particularly to a microcomputer having a debug support function, and further relates to a method of developing a system program for operating a microcomputer.
- a microcomputer having a debug support function has a debugging interface for communicating with an emulator or a host computer during debugging.
- a debugging interface for example, a serial input / output interface conforming to the JTAG (Joint Test Action Group, IEEE Std 1149.1, IEEE Standard Test Access Port and Boundary-Scan Architecture) protocol is used.
- JTAG Joint Test Action Group
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-2002-202900 (paragraph 0017)
- the present inventor performs a system debug of a microcomputer having a debug support function (also referred to as an on-chip debug function) (a microcomputer to be debugged is referred to as a target microcomputer), the target program is transferred to a host computer.
- a target microcomputer f has a target microcomputer f and a TAG-compliant debugging serial interface circuit.
- the emulator is connected to a personal computer (PC) having a USB (Unversal Serial Bus) interface circuit with a USB cable, and the emulator is connected to a target system (also called a user system) with a dedicated user interface cable. Connect to the serial interface for microcomputer debugging.
- PC personal computer
- USB Universal Serial Bus
- the target microcomputer has an on-chip debug function.
- the target microcomputer with on-chip debug function is In addition to the user mode, there is a debug mode that supports the development of the target program. In the user mode, a user program developed by the user for the target system is used.
- a program for supporting program debugging (also referred to as a debugging support program) is mainly executed.
- the debug support program is transferred from the emulator software on the host computer, written into the debugging address space inside the target microcomputer, and linked with the emulator software on the host computer.
- the user program supplied from the host computer is written in a predetermined memory space on the target system by the target microcomputer executing the debug support program in the user mode.
- a serial interface circuit for debugging that complies with the previous TAG is used.
- the transfer speed is proportional to the clock frequency and is lower than that of the USB interface circuit.
- the transfer processing capability is 1200 kilobytes (KB) / sec at full speed even with the USB standard 1.1, but the JTAG-compliant interface requires a target microcomputer power supply for each maximum data transfer such as 4 bytes.
- the data transfer procedure is required to obtain the status indicating the access permission of the data transfer and set the next transfer data. Due to the overhead, even if the synchronous clock frequency is increased, the transfer speed limit such as 230 KB / s will be reached. Occurs.
- An object of the present invention is to speed up data transfer when a system program to be debugged is downloaded from a host computer to a target system when system debugging is performed on a target microcomputer.
- Another object of the present invention is to download a system program to be debugged from a host computer to a target system when developing a system program using an emulator. In terms of speeding up data transfer when downloading data, it contributes to shortening the development period of system programs.
- the microcomputer includes a central processing unit, a high-speed serial communication interface circuit (3) usable for a debugging interface, and an external bus interface circuit (5) connectable to an external memory. ).
- the high-speed serial communication interface circuit has a plurality of input buffers (EP1, EP2) therein, and can output data from another input buffer in parallel with the input operation to one input buffer.
- the high-speed serial communication interface circuit can receive a system program, and can output the received system program together with a memory access control signal from the external bus interface circuit.
- the high-speed serial communication interface circuit is, for example, a universal serial bus interface circuit.
- the high-speed serial communication interface circuit is further provided with a two-sided buffer capable of switching input / output operations alternately and operating in parallel, thereby realizing further higher data transfer speed. In terms of speeding up data transfer when downloading the target program from the host computer to the target system, it contributes to shortening the development period of the target program.
- a direct memory access controller capable of controlling transfer of a received system program to a memory connected to an external bus interface circuit. This is advantageous in reducing the load on the central processing unit and further increasing the speed of data transfer.
- the transfer source of the system program by the direct memory access controller is, for example, the input buffer of the high-speed serial communication interface circuit.
- the high-speed serial communication When a random access memory (7) capable of temporarily storing the system program received in the input buffer of the communication interface circuit is provided, the source of the system program by the direct memory access controller is the random access memory. Good.
- the input buffer (EP1, EP2) of the high-speed serial communication interface circuit and the random access memory (7) constitute a multi-stage buffer to receive the system program, the reception processing by the high-speed serial communication interface circuit and the transfer processing for the received data are performed. There is more room for the speed difference.
- a low-speed serial communication interface circuit dedicated for debugging and the low-speed serial communication interface circuit dedicated for debugging controls the high-speed serial communication interface circuit in a debug mode. It can be used to input control data.
- the debug-dedicated low-speed serial communication interface circuit is, for example, a serial interface circuit conforming to JTAG, and can perform an interface operation without requiring control of a central processing unit.
- the debug-dedicated low-speed serial communication interface circuit can be used for receiving a system program instead of the high-speed serial communication interface circuit in, for example, a debug mode.
- a trace control circuit may be incorporated.
- the trace control circuit sequentially stores the internal state when the central processing unit executes the system program as trace information, and the stored trace information is output to the outside after the execution of the system program is stopped.
- the high-speed serial communication interface circuit can be used for external output of the trace information.
- a method of developing a system program according to the present invention is to develop a system program to be executed by a target device using a host computer (25), an emulator (35), and a target device (33).
- Target program can be created by using two-sided buffer. In terms of speeding up data transfer when downloading from the host computer to the target system, the development period of the target program can be shortened.
- a system program output from the buffer is transmitted to a target device via a FIFO buffer having a storage capacity of the one buffer or more by low-speed serial communication.
- the transmission from the FIFO buffer to the target device is performed in response to the transmission permission from the target device, and the transfer to the buffer buffer FIFO buffer is performed in response to the full state of the FIFO buffer. Suppress.
- the microcomputer (1) has a user mode and a debug mode, and has a central processing unit (2), a universal serial bus interface circuit (3), and a first debug control. It has a ROM (71) holding a program, a RAM (7), and an external bus interface circuit (5).
- the universal serial bus interface circuit has a predetermined end point buffer circuit (20) made available in the debug mode.
- the predetermined end point buffer circuit includes a pair of buffers (EP1, E P2), wherein one of the pair of buffers is enabled for input operation while the other is enabled for output operation in parallel.
- the target microcomputer is a target microphone computer, and it is assumed that the microcomputer is directly connected to a host computer for debugging support via a universal serial bus interface circuit.
- the central processing unit executes the first debug control program to initialize the universal serial bus interface circuit to be operable, Receiving the second debug control program in the universal serial bus interface circuit, storing the received second debug control program in the RAM, and shifting to execution of the second debug control program stored in the RAM. .
- the second debug control program transferred from the emulator software on the host computer.
- the program can be downloaded at high speed, and the startup of the debug controllable state linked to the emulator software on the host computer can be accelerated.
- the central processing unit further includes a buffer RAM and a direct memory access controller, and the central processing unit receives the download request received by the universal serial bus interface circuit according to the second debug control program.
- the direct memory access controller transfers the user program received by the universal serial bus interface circuit to the buffer RAM. It is possible to speed up the download of the user program in a state where debug control is possible.
- the central processing unit responds to the transfer request command received by the universal serial bus interface circuit according to the second debug control program, and Then, the program transferred to the buffer RAM is transferred to the external program memory via the external bus interface circuit.
- the central processing unit transitions to the user mode in response to a mode control command after the execution state of the second debugging control program is executed.
- the central processing unit transmits the external bus interface.
- An instruction is fetched from the program memory or the like via a single circuit to execute a user program.
- the user program is debugged by tracing the execution state of the user program and analyzing it.
- a microcomputer (40) includes a central processing unit (44), a universal serial bus interface circuit (48), and a ROM having a first debug control program. (45), a buffer RAM (47), and an external interface circuit (41), wherein the universal serial bus interface circuit has a predetermined end point buffer circuit (20), and the predetermined end point buffer circuit Has a pair of buffers (EP1 and EP2) that can operate in parallel, and one of the pair of buffers is enabled to input while the other is enabled to output in parallel.
- the central processing unit executes the first debug control program at a power-on reset, initializes the universal serial bus interface circuit to be operable, and transfers the second debug control program to the universal serial bus.
- a second debug control program is stored in the buffer RAM, and the second debug control program stored in the buffer RAM is output via the external interface circuit.
- the target microcomputer is a control microphone computer of the emulator (33) disposed between the target microcomputer and the host computer for debugging support.
- the microcomputer further includes a direct memory access controller (46), and the direct memory access controller is configured to control the buffer RAM according to a transfer control condition by the central processing unit. To transfer the second debug control program to the outside via the external interface circuit.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a microcomputer according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a connection form between a target system equipped with a microcomputer with a built-in USBIF and a host computer.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a connection form between a target system equipped with a macro computer without a USBIF and a host computer.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of a microcomputer and an emulator of FIG. 3.
- FIG. 6 A logic circuit diagram showing the details of the JTAG interface logic composed of FPGA.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing an operation according to the configuration of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a control procedure for transferring data to FIFOTDO by switching between two buffers BUF1 and BUF2 of RAM.
- FIG. 8 is a timing chart showing a difference between program download operation timings in each of FIGS. 5 and 9;
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an emulator according to the comparative example of FIG. 5.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram exemplifying download performance when downloading a user program file from a host computer in each of the example of FIG. 5 and the comparative example of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a more specific example of a microcomputer according to the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a timing chart illustrating the operation timing of on-chip debugging by a microcomputer.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a USB communication format.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a basic form of communication handshake control between a host computer and a USB interface circuit.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of handshake control between a host computer and a USB interface circuit when a forced break is performed during execution of a user program.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of control of software download from a host computer to a USB interface circuit.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a modification of the microcomputer of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a modification of the microcomputer of FIG.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a microcomputer 1 according to the present invention.
- the microcomputer 1 is formed on a single semiconductor substrate (semiconductor chip) such as single crystal silicon by a complementary MOS integrated circuit manufacturing technique or the like.
- the microcomputer 1 has a central processing unit (CPU) 2, a USB interface circuit (USBIF) 3 as a high-speed serial communication interface circuit that can be used for a debugging interface, and an external bus interface circuit that can be connected to an external memory (EXMRY) 4.
- CPU central processing unit
- USBIF USB interface circuit
- EXMRY external memory
- EXIF Direct memory access controller
- DMAC Direct memory access controller
- RAM Random access memory
- JTAG interface circuit JTAGIF 8 as debug-specific low-speed serial communication interface
- Trace control circuit TRCNT
- Trace information AUD Advanced 'User.Debug
- AUDIF External output control
- EMMRY emulation RAM
- IBUS internal bus
- the internal bus 12 may be connected to other circuits such as a timer counter.
- the RAM7 is used as a buffer RAM for temporarily storing transfer data.
- the USBIF 3 complies with, for example, the USB 2.0 standard, and includes a USB buffer unit (BEP) 20 and a USB interface control unit (UCNT) 21.
- the USB buffer section 20 has a double buffer structure of USB buffers EP1 and EP2 each of 512 bytes.
- the USB buffers EP1 and EP2 are constituted by, for example, FIFOs.
- UCNT21 performs so-called USB device control and data transfer control.
- UCNT21 is connected as a USB host to a USB host mounted on, for example, the host computer (personal computer) shown in Fig. 1 via a USB cable 23, and as a USB device control, responds to a command from the USB host by a predetermined protocol. Performs serial data transmission / reception control.
- Data received from the USB host is sent to the buffer unit 20, and data sent to the USB host is supplied from the buffer unit 20.
- the UCNT 21 performs read / write control for the buffer unit 20 and data transfer control for the DMAC 6 as data transfer control.
- data transfer control for the DMAC 6 as data transfer control.
- the read / write control for the buffer unit 20 in parallel with the input operation to one USB buffer (input operation of received data from the USB host), data output operation from another USB buffer (internal for DMA transfer) Output operation to the bus 12).
- the DMAC 7 sets data transfer control conditions such as a transfer source address and a transfer destination address by the CPU 2 and controls data transfer from the transfer source to the transfer operation in response to a DMA transfer request from the USBIF 3 or the like. . It supports both dual addressing mode and single addressing mode as data transfer mode. For example, it controls data transfer with a single address between USB buffers EP1, EP2 and EMMRY11, data transfer with a single address between USB buffers EP1, EP2 and RAM7, and data transfer with dual addresses between RAM7 and EXMRY4. can do.
- JTAGIF8 is an input register TDI for inputting received data, an output register TD # for outputting transmission data, a data register SDDR for connecting the register TDI to the internal bus 12, a command register not shown, and a JTAG control circuit CTCNT. ) 24.
- JCNT24 Controls serial output from register TDO and serial input to register TDI in synchronization with lock signal TCK.
- TAP test 'access' port
- control is performed by a 1-bit mode select signal (not shown) serially input in synchronization with the clock signal TCK.
- External data input to JTAGIF8 is enabled each time the access enable bit is output from register TD # to the outside.
- JTAGIF8 outputs an access permission bit to the outside every time 4 bytes are received.
- the serial communication speed of JTAGIF8 is slow.
- the TCK frequency is several tens of megahertz
- the transfer processing capacity is 480 MB / sec at high speed, but it is slow.
- the CPU 2 includes an instruction control unit and a calculation unit (not shown).
- the instruction control unit controls the instruction fetch and decodes the fetched instruction.
- the operation unit executes data operation and address operation by using the decoded signal of the instruction and the operand specified by the instruction, and executes the instruction.
- the microcomputer 1 has a debugging mode for supporting development of a target program, in addition to a user mode as a normal mode.
- the debug mode can be specified from the mode terminal at the time of reset, or can be specified by a break interrupt in the user mode.
- a system program also called a user program stored in EXMRY4 is executed.
- a program for mainly supporting program debugging (a debugging support program) is executed.
- the debug support program is transferred by the emulator software of the host computer 25 every time the microcomputer 1 is turned on, and written into the debug address space of the EMMRY11.
- the boot program is provided in a mask ROM (not shown) or an electrically rewritable flash memory built in the microcomputer 1.
- the user program is written to EXMRY4 on the target system by the microcomputer 1 executing the debug support program in the debug mode.
- the user program is supplied from the host computer 25.
- USBIF 3 is made available for communication between the microcomputer 1 of the target system and the host computer 25. It is possible to use JTAGIF8, However, USBIF3 is superior in terms of communication speed, so it is a good idea to use USBIF3.
- the USBIF3 has two-sided buffers EP1 and EP2 that can alternately switch input / output operations and operate in parallel, thereby achieving higher data transfer speed. In terms of speeding up data transfer when downloading the user program from the host computer 25 to the target system, the development period of the user program can be shortened.
- DMAC6 can be used to transfer the system program received by USBIF3 to EXMRY4 connected to EXIF5.
- the transfer source of the system program by the DMAC 6 is, for example, the input buffers EP1 and EP2 of the USBIF3.
- the DMAC 6 When temporarily storing the system program received in the input buffers EP1 and EP2 of the USBIF3 in the RAM 7, the DMAC 6 first transfers the system programs from the buffers EP1 and EP2 to the RAM 7 and, at an appropriate timing, checks the RAM7 output. You can transfer the system program to EXMRY4.
- the front neck SJTAGIF8 can be used for input of control data for controlling the USBIF3 in the debug mode.
- JTAGIF8 can be used for receiving a system program instead of the USBIF3, for example, in the debug mode.
- the necessity is, for example, when the use of the USBIF3 is reserved in the user mode and the environment cannot be used for downloading the program.
- the USBIF3 may be configured to include a plurality of transfer channels. If one of them is dedicated to on-chip debugging, it is not necessary to download the program by alternative communication using JTAGIF8 at all, so that high-speed data transfer can be guaranteed.
- the TRCNT 9 is a circuit for sequentially storing the internal state of the CPU 2 via the trace bus: L 3 when the CPU 2 is executing a user program.
- the storage location is a FIFO buffer (F BUF) 26, and the address control for the FIFO buffer 26 is performed by an address counter (ACOUNT) 27.
- the trace information stored in the FIFO buffer 26 can be transferred to the host computer 25 by the USBIF3 or fTAGIF8 in the debug mode. However, since the capacity of the FIFO buffer 26 is small, it is not suitable for tracing large amounts of data. It is. When collecting a large amount of data as trace information, use the AUDIF10.
- the address information and data information of the internal bus 12 may be stored in the trace buffer (TRBUF) 28 for each bus access cycle, and the data of the TRBUF 28 may be output to the outside in synchronization with the clock signal AUDCLK.
- AUDATA is the output data
- AUDSYNC is the data output synchronization signal.
- FIG. 2 shows a connection form between a target system 30 equipped with the microcomputer 1 and a host computer 25.
- the target system 30 is provided with a USB connector 31 for connecting to the USBIF3 of the microcomputer 1, and the USB connector 31 can be directly connected to the USB connector of the host computer 25 with the USB cable 23.
- the microcomputer 1 has a debugging function, it is possible to download the system program as a target program and the debugging support program without interposing an emulator between the host computer 25 and the microcomputer 1, and thereafter, In the user mode, trace information is collected while executing the system program. When the execution of the system program is broken and the mode is changed to the debug mode, the evaluation of the target system and the modification of the system program are performed by referring to the trace information.
- FIG. 3 shows, as another example, a connection form between a host system 25 and a target system 34 equipped with a macrocomputer 33 without the USBIF3.
- An emulator 35 is provided between the target system 34 and the host computer 25.
- the emulator 35 and the host computer 25 are connected by the USB cable 23.
- the target system 34 is connected to the emulator 35f and the TAG interface face cable 36.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of the microcomputer 33 and the emulator 35.
- Microcomputer 33 differs from microcomputer 1 in FIG. 1 in that it does not include USBIF3. Circuit elements having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the emulator 35 includes a microcomputer 40, a field 'programmable' gate 'array (FPGA) 41, a synchronous static random access memory (SSRAM) 42 Consisting of
- the microcomputer 40 has a CPU 44, an R ⁇ M 45, a DMAC 46, a RAM 47, and a USBIF 48, and is formed on one semiconductor substrate.
- the USBIF 48 is composed of a USB buffer unit 20 having USB buffers EP1 and EP2 on two sides and a UCNT 21, and conforms to the USB 2.0 standard.
- the RAM 47 forms a two-stage RAM buffer at the subsequent stage for the storage information of the USB buffers EP1 and EP2, and a first RAM buffer area BUF1 and a second RAM buffer area BUF2 are allocated.
- the dual port has separate access ports for the first RAM buffer area BUF1 and the second RAM buffer area BUF2.
- the data output from the other USB buffer EP2 is stored in the first RAM buffer area BUF1 of the RAM 47, and in parallel with this.
- the data stored in the second buffer area BUF2 can be externally output from a predetermined port.
- the data output from the USB buffer EP1 is stored in the second RAM buffer area B UF2 of the RAM 47, and in parallel with this, the first RAM
- the data stored in the buffer area BUF1 can be output externally from the specified port. It is desirable to use the DMAC 46 for data transfer from the USBIF 48 to the RAM 47.
- the FPGA 41 is a circuit having a large number of nonvolatile storage elements such as flash memory cells, and capable of setting a logic function as desired according to the program state of the nonvolatile storage elements.
- the FPGA 41 constitutes a JTAG interface logic 41A for transmitting and receiving data to and from the JTAGIF8 of the microcomputer 33, and an address generation logic 41B for controlling access to the SSRAM.
- the JTAG interface logic 41A has an output FIFO buffer FIFOTDO, an input buffer TDI, and an interface control circuit FCNT) 50.
- the CPU 44 that executes the USB interface control program manages the writable state (TDOST) and empty state (TDOF) of the output FIFO buffer FIFOTDO, and manages the output FIFO.
- TDOST writable state
- TDOF empty state
- the access permission bit f and CNT50 from JTAGIF8 of microcomputer 33 are Monitor. When the access permission bit is enabled, the output FIFO buffer FIFOTD O 4 bytes of information is transmitted.
- the information transmitted from the output FIFO buffer FIFOTDO is received by JTAGIF8 of the microcomputer 33 and stored in the data register SDDR.
- DMAC6 is started and the information is written to EXMRY14 by DMA transfer.
- the SSRAM 42 is used for storing trace information output from the AUDIF 10 of the microcomputer 33.
- the address generation logic for controlling the access of the SSRAM 42 realized by the FPGA 41 selects whether to perform the control with an address counter (ACOUNT) 52 and a selector (ASEL) 5 counter 52. Which is to be selected is determined according to the instruction of the CPU 44.
- a two-sided buffer composed of buffers BUF1 and BUF2 enabling parallel input and output of received data
- An output FIFO buffer FIFOTDO that can store the received data output from one of the buffers in FIFO format is provided, so the host computer 25 and the microcomputer 33 are not directly connected by the UISB interface, but to some extent Data transfer efficiency can be increased.
- the built-in RAM 47 has a double buffer structure of several kilobytes, and the host computer
- the processing is parallelized so that the data held in the other buffer is written to the output FIFO buffer FIFOTDO, so the data in the buffers EP1 and EP2 Even when the size and the data size of the buffer FIFOTDO are different, since the operations of the buffers EP1 and EP2 and the operation of the buffer FIF ⁇ TD ⁇ are independent, it is necessary to restrict the DMAC transfer from being interrupted. Even in such a case, it is possible to respond.
- FIG. 5 shows details of the JTAG interface logic 41 A configured by the FPGA 41.
- FIG. 6 shows the operation timing of FIG.
- the buffer FIFOTDO has a multi-stage configuration of 4 bytes ⁇ 61 stages (244 bytes).
- An interface 55 is connected to the microphone computer 40.
- Buffer FIFOTDO is FIF056 And a shift register 57.
- the control block 58 and the buffer control block 59 constitute JCNT50.
- 59A and 59B are predetermined logics.
- CPUDAT A (REGDATA. D) is output data from RAM47
- CPUWR—N (TDOWR—N) is a write request to FIF056, TDOREG.
- Q is read data from FIF056, READQ is a read request to FIF ⁇ 56, SHIFTREG.
- Output data of shift register 57 (TD 57 output).
- SBUF_LOAD is a data load signal of the shift register 57
- S_P is a shift signal of the shift register 57
- TDOem is the empty signal of FIF # 56
- TDOfl is the full signal of FIF # 56.
- TDOST indicates whether writing to the buffer FIFOTDO is possible or not. 1 means writing is possible and 0 means writing is not possible.
- TDOF is 1 to indicate that all data in the buffer FI F ⁇ TD ⁇ has been shifted out, and 0 to indicate that all data in the buffer FIFITDO has shifted out of the buffer, and that (initial value).
- TDOINT is a signal for outputting an interrupt request signal IRQ when all data in the buffer FIFITDO has shifted out. 1 enables interrupt requests, and 0 suppresses interrupt requests (initial value).
- REGDATA.D is written from the RAM 47 of the microcomputer 40 to the FIF056 in synchronization with the CPU clock CPUCLK in response to the write enable (TDOWR-N).
- TDOWR-N write enable
- SBUF—LOAD data transfer start load pulse
- TDOWR—N write enable
- DONE transfer end pulse
- DONE-P is generated based on the access permission bit from the target microcomputer 33.
- the access permission bit is input via the register TDI.
- the buffer control block 59 checks TDOfl indicating the data write enable state of FIF056 every time the data transfer of the shift register 57 is completed. TDOfl generates the TDOST bit indicating the buffer FIFITDO write enable state, generates the TDOF bit indicating the empty state of the buffer FIFO TDO using TDOem and DONE_P, and reflects it in the JTAG register of the control block 58.
- TDOF is used for an interrupt request to microcomputer 40, the interrupt is enabled by TDOF and the TDOINT bit indicating that interrupts are enabled. Generates only request signal IRQ.
- the CPU 44 When the CPU 44 receives this interrupt request, it switches to the next RAM buffer (S7), for example, in the execution of the TDO data set process in FIG.
- FIG. 7 shows a control procedure for transferring data to the buffer FIFO TDO by switching the two-side RAM buffers BUF1 and BUF2 of the RAM 47.
- the maximum number of kilobytes of the RAM 47 is transferred with reference to the writable state (TDOST bit) of the buffer of the buffer FIFOTDO.
- TDOF empty state
- switch to the next buffer BUF2 or BUF1 and repeat the process until the specified amount of data has been transferred.
- TDOF empty state
- the TDOST and TDOF bits are managed and transfer data is set continuously.
- the access permission bit sent from the microcomputer 33 to the buffer TDI is monitored by the hard logic 58. As a result, as shown in Fig.
- writing to the microcomputer means writing data transfer to the buffer FIFO TDO of the RAM 47.
- the JTAG output means the transfer data output to the target microcomputer 33 also in the buffer FIFOTDO.
- SP is from target microcomputer 33 Means the status polling processing of the access permission bit.
- FIG. 9 illustrates an emulator according to a comparative example.
- USB is used for interface with the host computer.
- a USB driver 61 and a USB controller microcomputer chip 62 are provided.
- the program of the USB controller microcomputer chip 62 is stored in the ROM 63, and the SDRAM 64 is used as a work memory.
- the received USB data is temporarily stored in the SDRAM64, stored in the SDRAM64 through USB packet analysis and the like, and then transmitted from the data output register of the JTAG controller 65 to the target microcomputer.
- the software download data transfer method ends transmission data in the status acquisition mode in which the access permission bit can be received from the target CPU.
- the maximum amount of data transfer is 4 bytes at a time.
- the emulator acquires the access permission bit indicating the end of the status acquisition mode from the target microcomputer 33 each time the transfer is performed.
- the access permission bit must be acquired while polling, and the transfer data must be set to the data output register (TDO).
- TDO data output register
- an overhead T1 occurs from the detection of the access permission bit to the transfer data set.
- (B) of FIG. 8 sets data to the data output register (TDO) every 4 bytes
- (A) of FIG. 8 sets data to the data output register (TDO) in advance.
- the hardware logic 58 outputs data in 4-byte units every time the access permission bit is acquired.
- T CK 20MHz
- the download performance is approximately doubled to 400KB / sec.
- FIG. 11 shows a more specific example of the microcomputer 1.
- the USB interface circuit 3 shows a plurality of USB buffer units (BEP0 and BEP6) 20 and The Further, a ROM 71 holding a boot program is illustrated.
- the emulation memory 11 is composed of an SRAM, whereas the ROM 71 is composed of a mask ROM or an electrically rewritable nonvolatile memory such as an EEPROM or a flash memory.
- a break circuit 72 is provided. The break circuit 72 sets a break condition via the CPU 2 in the debug mode, detects occurrence of a state matching the break condition in the user mode, and requests a break exception to the CPU 2.
- Each of BEP0 to BEP6 in the USB buffer unit 20 means a FIFO (First-In First-Out) buffer called an endpoint in the USB standard.
- the FIFO buffer has a double buffer structure provided separately for input (in) and output (out), and is configured like EP1 and EP2 shown in FIG. BEP0 was understood as endpoint 0, and BEP6 as endpoint 6. Endpoint numbers are examples. The maximum number of endpoints that a single USB device can have is specified by the USB standard. Endpoint 0 (BEP0) is used for control transfer and is required for USB devices.
- the USB interface circuit 3 can be used in both the user mode and the debug mode.
- BEP1 and BEP2 are dedicated to use by the user program, and BEP3 to BEP6 are Dedicated to debugging support.
- BEP0 is shared by both parties.
- BEP0 is used for control transfer of descriptor information dedicated to on-chip debugging.
- BEP3 is used for USB data balta-out transfer.
- BEP4 is used for USB data bulk-in transfer.
- BEP5 is used for inputting command commands.
- BEP6 is used to output status information.
- BEP1 and BEP2 are used for data input / output according to user settings in user mode.
- the USB interface circuit 3 operates synchronously with a clock signal CLK having a frequency such as 48 MHz to which an external force is applied. CLK may be generated inside the microcomputer 1 via a PLL circuit or the like.
- the boot program held by the ROM 71 is not particularly limited, but is a USB initialization control program and a transfer control program for initializing the USB interface circuit 3.
- the transfer control program stores the debug support program (also referred to as ASE firmware software) received via the USB interface circuit 3 in the emulation memory 11. It is a program to do.
- the system controller (SYSC74) is connected to the debug mode terminal ASEMD and the reset terminal RES as external terminals typically shown, and a power-on reset signal output from the power-on reset circuit (PO RES) 73. Are supplied to control the operation mode and the like of the microphone computer 1 according to the input.
- SYSC74 when the user mode is specified by the debug mode terminal A SEMD and the power-on reset instruction from the power-on reset circuit 73 or the reset instruction from the reset terminal RES is issued, the CPU is initialized by the control signal ⁇ 1.
- CPU2 executes the USB initialization control program stored in ROM 71 to enable operation of endpoints BE0, BEP1, and BEP2, and finally, CPU2 is enabled to start executing instructions from the first address of the program storage area.
- the debug mode is specified by the debug mode terminal ASEMD, and when a power-on reset instruction is issued from the power-on reset circuit 73, the CPU 2 is initialized by the control signal ⁇ 2, and the CPU 2 The initialization control program is executed to enable the operation of the endpoints BE0 to BEP6. Thereafter, the CPU 2 executes the transfer control program stored in the ROM 71, and executes the debug support program (ASE) received through the USB interface circuit 3.
- the CPU2 When downloading the user program from the host computer using the ASE firmware software, the CPU2 responds to the download request command received by the USBIF3 according to the ASE firmware software and receives the USBIF3 from the DMAC6.
- the transferred user program is transferred to the buffer RAM 7.
- the CPU2 responds to the transfer request command received by the USBIF3 according to the ASE firmware software, and externally transfers the program transferred to the buffer RAM7 to the DMAC6.
- the transfer is controlled to the external memory 4 via the external bus interface circuit 5.
- the CPU 2 shifts to the user mode in response to the mode control command in the execution state of the ASE firmware software. In the user mode, the CPU 2 can fetch and execute the external memory 4 instructions.
- FIG. 12 shows an example of operation timing of on-chip debugging by the microcomputer.
- ASEMD is set to low level to indicate the debug mode
- power is turned on at time tl
- power-on reset is instructed by the power-on reset circuit 73 (time t2)
- the control signal ⁇ 2 is activated.
- CPU2 is initialized, CPU2 executes the USB initialization control program stored in ROM71 and performs USB boot processing to enable the operation of endpoint BE0 BEP6, and thereafter, CPU2 is stored in ROM71. And executing the transfer control program.
- the debug support program also referred to as ASE firmware software
- the CPU 2 is enabled to execute the ASE firmware software on the EMMRY11 when the USB interface circuit 3 receives the host computer power break command.
- the processing branches to the address of the user program specified by the user program execution command, and the CPU 2 shifts to a user mode for executing the user program. Is performed.
- this user program execution state for example, when the USB interface circuit receives a break command, a break exception request BERQ is issued to CPU2, execution of the user program by CPU2 is stopped, and CPU2 executes the ASE firmware software again. Transition to mode.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a USB communication format.
- the beginning of one frame is S ⁇ F (Start of frame).
- DATA 0 / DATA1 is a data packet for on-chip debugging in a frame of the USB communication format in the USB standard.
- DATA0ZDATA1 read Z write is performed in each BEP.
- USB packet data for on-chip debugging consists of header and data.
- the header contains the ID, data size, status, and command. Contains information.
- the data information includes information such as download data.
- FIG. 14 exemplifies a basic form of communication control between the host computer 25 (PC side) and the USB interface circuit 3.
- the USB data packet transmitted from the host computer 25 is received by EP3.
- the CPU 2 reads and analyzes the USB data packet received by the EP 3 according to the ASE firmware program, performs control in accordance with the analysis result, and transmits the control result from the EP 4 to the host computer 25.
- FIG. 15 illustrates the contents of handshake control between the host computer 25 and the USB interface circuit 3 when a forced break is performed during execution of a user program.
- E P5 as an instruction command reception-only buffer.
- the instruction command packet received by EP5 is analyzed, and in response to this, the USB control circuit 21 requests break exception processing to CPU2, and the vector address of the ASE firmware is given.
- CPU2 jumps to the address of the break in the ASE firmware program, such as the execution status of the user program.
- the USB interface control circuit 21 receives the break acknowledgment BACK from the CPU 2, sets status information (BACK) in EP6, and transmits it to the host computer 25.
- the host computer 25 checks whether the status is a break state.
- FIG. 16 exemplifies control contents for downloading software (user program) from the host computer 25 to the USB interface circuit 3.
- the transfer size and load destination address are transmitted to BEP3 along with the software download transmission request from the host computer.
- the transmission permission is transferred from the CPU 2 to the host computer 25 via the BEP 4, and upon completion of the transmission, the host computer 25 transmits the specified amount of download data to the USB interface circuit 3 by the designated size.
- DMA transfer is performed by a USB interrupt and the data is directly written to the external memory 4.
- transmission completion is transmitted from EP4 to the host computer.
- FIG. 17 shows still another example of the microcomputer 1.
- JT AGIF8 and AUDIF10 have been deleted, and USBIF3 has been dedicated to debug mode.
- USBIF3 does not have BEP1 and BEP2.
- USBIF3 cannot be used as a user resource.
- USBIF3 is enabled only during on-chip debugging.
- AUDIF10 is a user resource on-chip RAM for storing large amounts of trace data This is because if it is possible to use 7 or EXMRY4, it is not necessary.
- FIG. 18 shows still another example of the microcomputer 1.
- USBIF3A is provided as a user-specific resource.
- the USBIF3A includes a buffer 20 constituting BEPO, BEP1, and BEP2 and a USB interface control circuit 21A.
- An entirely dedicated US BIF is available for both on-chip debugging and user mode.
- USBF3 can be used for both on-chip debugging and user mode, when debugging USBIF3 as a user resource, JTAGIF8 may be used as a debugging interface.
- a cache memory may be arranged between the CPU 2 and the internal bus 12.
- an address translation buffer is placed between CPU 2 and internal bus 12.
- the logics 41A and 41B are not limited to being constituted by the FPGA.
- the USBIF 48 described in FIG. 11 can be applied to the USBIF 48 held by the microcomputer 40 described in FIG. In this case, no user-specific BEP is required. Industrial applicability
- the present invention can be widely applied to a microcomputer, particularly a microcomputer having a debug support function, and further to a method of developing a system program for operating the microcomputer.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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US10/569,799 US7401257B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2004-08-27 | Microcomputer and method for developing system program |
JP2005513467A JP3955876B2 (ja) | 2003-08-28 | 2004-08-27 | マイクロコンピュータ及びシステムプログラムの開発方法 |
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US20210274641A1 (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-09-02 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Semiconductor apparatus |
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JP7413832B2 (ja) | 2020-02-27 | 2024-01-16 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
Also Published As
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JP3955876B2 (ja) | 2007-08-08 |
JPWO2005022390A1 (ja) | 2006-10-26 |
US7401257B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 |
US20070006035A1 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
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