WO2005078693A2 - Driver voltage adjuster - Google Patents
Driver voltage adjuster Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005078693A2 WO2005078693A2 PCT/US2005/002359 US2005002359W WO2005078693A2 WO 2005078693 A2 WO2005078693 A2 WO 2005078693A2 US 2005002359 W US2005002359 W US 2005002359W WO 2005078693 A2 WO2005078693 A2 WO 2005078693A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal layer
- resistors
- forming
- layer
- voltage
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
- G09G3/3466—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on interferometric effect
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0264—Details of driving circuits
- G09G2310/0267—Details of drivers for scan electrodes, other than drivers for liquid crystal, plasma or OLED displays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0264—Details of driving circuits
- G09G2310/0275—Details of drivers for data electrodes, other than drivers for liquid crystal, plasma or OLED displays, not related to handling digital grey scale data or to communication of data to the pixels by means of a current
Definitions
- a spatial light modulator array is an array of individually addressable elements, typically arranged in rows and columns. One or more individually addressable elements will correspond to a picture element of the displayed image.
- the most prevalent spatial light modulator technology is liquid crystal displays (LCD), especially for mobile devices.
- LCD liquid crystal displays
- rows and columns of electrodes are used to orient a liquid crystalline material. The orientation of the liquid crystalline material may block or transmit varying levels of light, and is controlled by the voltages on the electrodes. These voltages are supplied to the array of elements according to the image data.
- a driver circuit sometimes referred to as driver chip, performs the conversion from image data to the row and column addressing lines of the array.
- Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a display system having a display driver, a voltage adjuster and an array of modulator display elements.
- Figure 2 shows a diagram of row addressing and bias signals for an interferometric modulator and a driver circuit.
- Figure 3 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a voltage adjuster.
- Figure 4 shows an implementation of an embodiment of a voltage adjuster as it may be manufactured.
- Figure 5 shows an embodiment of a simultaneous manufacturing process for spatial light modulator and a voltage adjuster.
- Figure 6 shows an embodiment of an adjuster network.
- Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a display system 10.
- the standard driver circuit 12 may be one of any already commercially available flat panel display driver. As mentioned above, the most prevalent of these driver chips are those used for LCD displays.
- the individual display elements of an LCD array are generally defined by intersections of rows of electrodes with columns of electrodes. One method of addressing these types of arrays is known as passive array addressing.
- a voltage pulse is applied along one row of the electrodes while applying pulses to all of the columns.
- the amplitude of the column pulses corresponds to the specific data desired along the row being selected.
- the voltages and timing of the various pulses is such that the row being selected is the row primarily affected by the data pulses being applied to the columns.
- the row pulse is reduced and the next row is selected for data writing via the application of a row pulse and set of column pulses corresponding to the desired data on that row.
- the process is repeated in a row-by-row fashion until all of the rows have been pulsed. After pulsing every row, the sequence returns to the first row again and the process is repeated.
- This basic method is often used for passive matrix LCD displays.
- the specific waveforms used for passive matrix LCDs have evolved over a number of years of development and have reached a relatively mature state. Generally, it is the difference in voltage between a row and a column, and the associated voltage swing, which enables the device addressing.
- An example of such a row addressing waveform is shown in Figure 2.
- Figure 2 the rows of the device array that are not to be addressed are held at a row bias voltage, V i as -
- the first pulse the one that reaches the full V pu ⁇ se amplitude, is that which is provided by the driver.
- the amplitude voltage swing from bias to the positive pulse has relatively large amplitude.
- An iMoD is an example of a newer type of modulator.
- the iMoD employs a cavity having at least one movable or deflectable wall. As the wall, typically comprised at least partly of metal, moves towards a front surface of the cavity, interference occurs that affects the color of light viewed at the front surface.
- the front surface is typically the surface where the image seen by the viewer appears, as the iMoD is a direct-view device.
- a monochrome display such as a display that switches between black and white, one iMoD element might correspond to one pixel.
- iMoD elements may make up each pixel, one each for red, green and blue.
- the individual iMoD elements are controlled separately to produce the desired pixel reflectivity.
- a voltage is applied to the movable wall of the cavity, causing it to be electrostatically attracted to the front surface that in turn affects the color of the pixel seen by the viewer, fn the display system 10 of Figure 1, a standardized driver, such as an LCD driver 12 is used with an array of interferometric modulator arrays 16 via an adjuster circuit 14.
- the adjuster circuit 14 adjusts the row address voltage V pu j se from the driver circuit 12 to an adjusted row address voltage V JMOD -
- An embodiment of the adjuster circuit 14 is shown in Figure 3.
- the adjuster circuit essentially comprises a set of resistors Rl and R2, set up in a resistor divider network. The ratio of R2/R1 scales the output voltage as needed, according to the formula:
- V i.MoD pi R i 1 D V pulse '
- V MOD would be V J OD .
- LCD drivers typically have an output range of 15-30 volts, with the desired output voltage V MOD in the range of 5-15 volts.
- the result of applying a shunt resistor network is to reduce the amplitude of the row pulse provided by the driver, V pu ⁇ se , to a more acceptable level, such as VJ M O D -
- One possible embodiment of the resistor network could be manufactured directly on the same substrate as the modulator array.
- Rl and R2 would be manufactured out of the metal layers used in manufacturing the modulator elements.
- a conductive bus line 18 connects the shunt resistors Rl, insulated from the input lines, preventing shorts between the shunt resistor outputs and the inputs to the modulator array.
- Other alternatives are of course possible.
- a different level of resistance could be fabricated.
- An embodiment of manufacturing an adjuster circuit simultaneously with a modulator array is shown in Figure 5. The term simultaneously as used here means that the adjuster circuit and the modulator array are both completed at the end of this process. This particular method of manufacture is for an interferometric modulator, but the implementation of the invention could occur with any modulator array that has some available area on the substrate upon which the modulator is manufactured.
- a first metal layer is deposited. This metal layer is then patterned and etched at 22 to form an electrode layer. An optical layer is then deposited and etched to form the active optical area of the modulator array at 24. Any area outside the active optical area could be utilized for the resistor network.
- a first sacrificial layer is deposited at 26, and then a second metal layer is deposited at 28.
- the mirror layer is then patterned and etched at 30.
- the patterning and etching process will also form the supports needed to suspend the mirror elements over a cavity formed when the sacrificial layer is removed.
- the resistor is formed from the first metal layer and then connections are formed using the second metal layer.
- a flex layer provides a separate layer to support the mirror over the cavity.
- a second sacrificial layer is deposited at 32.
- a third metal layer is deposited on the second sacrificial layer at 34.
- the flex layer is patterned and etched at 36 to form the support and posts, h this embodiment the resistor network can be formed in the first or second metal layer, and the connections formed using the second or third metal layer.
- the resistors are formed in one metal layer and the connections made with a subsequent metal layer.
- a bus layer could be formed above the modulator elements.
- a third sacrificial layer 38 is deposited and then a bus layer 40 deposited upon the third sacrificial layer.
- the bus layer is then patterned and etched at 42.
- the resistors could be formed at 44, which may occur in one metal layer and connection provided at 46, in a subsequent metal layer, fn the case of the bus layer embodiment, the resistors could be formed in the first, second or third metal layers, with the connections made using the second, third or fourth metal layers, so long as the connection layer is subsequent to the formation layer.
- the resistor networks 14a-d are connected to the outputs from the driver chips 50a-d.
- the shunt resistors R2a-d are connected to the conductive bus line 18, with the output resistors Rla-d connected to the modulator row lines, not shown, to provide the adjusted row voltage to the modulator elements.
- line 50d is active and the V pu ] se is converted to V M O D -
- the adjusters circuit provides stable, controlled output address voltage.
- the voltages and resistor values may vary, but a shunt resistor network applied to column addressing signals is within the scope of this invention.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002555238A CA2555238A1 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2005-01-26 | Driver voltage adjuster |
EP05712015A EP1719106A2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2005-01-26 | Driver voltage adjuster |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/772,120 US7532194B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2004-02-03 | Driver voltage adjuster |
US10/772,120 | 2004-02-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005078693A2 true WO2005078693A2 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
WO2005078693A3 WO2005078693A3 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
Family
ID=34808589
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2005/002359 WO2005078693A2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2005-01-26 | Driver voltage adjuster |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7532194B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1719106A2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20070003896A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2555238A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI253624B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005078693A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008005108A2 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-10 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Passive circuits for de-multiplexing display inputs |
WO2008097750A1 (en) * | 2007-02-08 | 2008-08-14 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Passive circuits for de-multiplexing display inputs |
Families Citing this family (43)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100703140B1 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 2007-04-05 | 이리다임 디스플레이 코포레이션 | Interferometric modulation and its manufacturing method |
US8928967B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 2015-01-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for modulating light |
US7417782B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2008-08-26 | Pixtronix, Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for spatial light modulation |
US7889163B2 (en) | 2004-08-27 | 2011-02-15 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Drive method for MEMS devices |
US7515147B2 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2009-04-07 | Idc, Llc | Staggered column drive circuit systems and methods |
US7675669B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2010-03-09 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for driving interferometric modulators |
US7345805B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2008-03-18 | Idc, Llc | Interferometric modulator array with integrated MEMS electrical switches |
US7843410B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-11-30 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for electrically programmable display |
US7999994B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2011-08-16 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Display apparatus and methods for manufacture thereof |
US20070205969A1 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2007-09-06 | Pixtronix, Incorporated | Direct-view MEMS display devices and methods for generating images thereon |
US8519945B2 (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2013-08-27 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Circuits for controlling display apparatus |
US8310442B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2012-11-13 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Circuits for controlling display apparatus |
US7755582B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2010-07-13 | Pixtronix, Incorporated | Display methods and apparatus |
US9158106B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2015-10-13 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Display methods and apparatus |
US9261694B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2016-02-16 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Display apparatus and methods for manufacture thereof |
US9082353B2 (en) | 2010-01-05 | 2015-07-14 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Circuits for controlling display apparatus |
US7746529B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2010-06-29 | Pixtronix, Inc. | MEMS display apparatus |
US8482496B2 (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2013-07-09 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Circuits for controlling MEMS display apparatus on a transparent substrate |
US9229222B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2016-01-05 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Alignment methods in fluid-filled MEMS displays |
US8159428B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2012-04-17 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Display methods and apparatus |
KR20080027236A (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2008-03-26 | 콸콤 인코포레이티드 | Dynamic driver ic and display panel configuration |
US7916980B2 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2011-03-29 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Interconnect structure for MEMS device |
US8526096B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2013-09-03 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Mechanical light modulators with stressed beams |
US7876489B2 (en) | 2006-06-05 | 2011-01-25 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Display apparatus with optical cavities |
EP2080045A1 (en) | 2006-10-20 | 2009-07-22 | Pixtronix Inc. | Light guides and backlight systems incorporating light redirectors at varying densities |
US7556981B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2009-07-07 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Switches for shorting during MEMS etch release |
US7852546B2 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2010-12-14 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Spacers for maintaining display apparatus alignment |
US9176318B2 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2015-11-03 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Methods for manufacturing fluid-filled MEMS displays |
US7977931B2 (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2011-07-12 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Family of current/power-efficient high voltage linear regulator circuit architectures |
US8248560B2 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2012-08-21 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Light guides and backlight systems incorporating prismatic structures and light redirectors |
US7782522B2 (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2010-08-24 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Encapsulation methods for interferometric modulator and MEMS devices |
US8169679B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2012-05-01 | Pixtronix, Inc. | MEMS anchors |
US20110164027A1 (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2011-07-07 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method of detecting change in display data |
KR20120132680A (en) | 2010-02-02 | 2012-12-07 | 픽스트로닉스 인코포레이티드 | Methods for manufacturing cold seal fluid-filled display apparatus |
WO2011097258A1 (en) | 2010-02-02 | 2011-08-11 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Circuits for controlling display apparatus |
US9398666B2 (en) | 2010-03-11 | 2016-07-19 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Reflective and transflective operation modes for a display device |
CN103038567A (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2013-04-10 | 弗莱克斯照明第二有限责任公司 | Illumination device comprising a film-based lightguide |
BR112012026329A2 (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2019-09-24 | Flex Lighting Ii Llc | signal comprising a film-based light guide |
EP2572350A1 (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2013-03-27 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method for choosing display modes |
US8749538B2 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2014-06-10 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Device and method of controlling brightness of a display based on ambient lighting conditions |
US8836681B2 (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2014-09-16 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for reducing effect of polarity inversion in driving display |
US9183812B2 (en) | 2013-01-29 | 2015-11-10 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Ambient light aware display apparatus |
US9134552B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2015-09-15 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Display apparatus with narrow gap electrostatic actuators |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0173808A1 (en) * | 1984-07-28 | 1986-03-12 | Deutsche Thomson-Brandt GmbH | Control circuit for liquid-crystal displays |
US5650834A (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1997-07-22 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Active-matrix device having silicide thin film resistor disposed between an input terminal and a short-circuit ring |
US5835255A (en) * | 1986-04-23 | 1998-11-10 | Etalon, Inc. | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
US6057903A (en) * | 1998-08-18 | 2000-05-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Liquid crystal display device employing a guard plane between a layer for measuring touch position and common electrode layer |
US6246398B1 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2001-06-12 | Hyundai Electronics Industries Co., Ltd. | Application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for driving an external display device |
EP1258860A1 (en) * | 2001-05-09 | 2002-11-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Drive circuit for cholesteric liquid crystal displays |
Family Cites Families (149)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2534846A (en) | 1946-06-20 | 1950-12-19 | Emi Ltd | Color filter |
DE1288651B (en) | 1963-06-28 | 1969-02-06 | Siemens Ag | Arrangement of electrical dipoles for wavelengths below 1 mm and method for producing such an arrangement |
FR1603131A (en) | 1968-07-05 | 1971-03-22 | ||
US3813265A (en) | 1970-02-16 | 1974-05-28 | A Marks | Electro-optical dipolar material |
US3653741A (en) | 1970-02-16 | 1972-04-04 | Alvin M Marks | Electro-optical dipolar material |
US3725868A (en) | 1970-10-19 | 1973-04-03 | Burroughs Corp | Small reconfigurable processor for a variety of data processing applications |
DE2336930A1 (en) | 1973-07-20 | 1975-02-06 | Battelle Institut E V | INFRARED MODULATOR (II.) |
US4099854A (en) | 1976-10-12 | 1978-07-11 | The Unites States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Optical notch filter utilizing electric dipole resonance absorption |
US4196396A (en) | 1976-10-15 | 1980-04-01 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Interferometer apparatus using electro-optic material with feedback |
US4389096A (en) | 1977-12-27 | 1983-06-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Image display apparatus of liquid crystal valve projection type |
US4445050A (en) | 1981-12-15 | 1984-04-24 | Marks Alvin M | Device for conversion of light power to electric power |
US4663083A (en) | 1978-05-26 | 1987-05-05 | Marks Alvin M | Electro-optical dipole suspension with reflective-absorptive-transmissive characteristics |
US4228437A (en) | 1979-06-26 | 1980-10-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Wideband polarization-transforming electromagnetic mirror |
NL8001281A (en) | 1980-03-04 | 1981-10-01 | Philips Nv | DISPLAY DEVICE. |
US4377324A (en) | 1980-08-04 | 1983-03-22 | Honeywell Inc. | Graded index Fabry-Perot optical filter device |
US4441791A (en) | 1980-09-02 | 1984-04-10 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Deformable mirror light modulator |
FR2506026A1 (en) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-11-19 | Radant Etudes | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ANALYZING A HYPERFREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE RADIATION BEAM |
NL8103377A (en) | 1981-07-16 | 1983-02-16 | Philips Nv | DISPLAY DEVICE. |
US4571603A (en) | 1981-11-03 | 1986-02-18 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Deformable mirror electrostatic printer |
NL8200354A (en) | 1982-02-01 | 1983-09-01 | Philips Nv | PASSIVE DISPLAY. |
US4500171A (en) | 1982-06-02 | 1985-02-19 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Process for plastic LCD fill hole sealing |
US4482213A (en) | 1982-11-23 | 1984-11-13 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Perimeter seal reinforcement holes for plastic LCDs |
US4566935A (en) | 1984-07-31 | 1986-01-28 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator and method |
US4710732A (en) | 1984-07-31 | 1987-12-01 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator and method |
US4596992A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1986-06-24 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Linear spatial light modulator and printer |
US5061049A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1991-10-29 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator and method |
US5096279A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1992-03-17 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator and method |
US4662746A (en) | 1985-10-30 | 1987-05-05 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator and method |
US4615595A (en) | 1984-10-10 | 1986-10-07 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Frame addressed spatial light modulator |
US5172262A (en) | 1985-10-30 | 1992-12-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator and method |
GB8610129D0 (en) | 1986-04-25 | 1986-05-29 | Secr Defence | Electro-optical device |
US4748366A (en) | 1986-09-02 | 1988-05-31 | Taylor George W | Novel uses of piezoelectric materials for creating optical effects |
FR2605444A1 (en) | 1986-10-17 | 1988-04-22 | Thomson Csf | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN ELECTROOPTIC MATRIX SCREEN AND CONTROL CIRCUIT USING THE SAME |
US4786128A (en) | 1986-12-02 | 1988-11-22 | Quantum Diagnostics, Ltd. | Device for modulating and reflecting electromagnetic radiation employing electro-optic layer having a variable index of refraction |
DE3716485C1 (en) | 1987-05-16 | 1988-11-24 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Xenon short-arc discharge lamp |
US4956619A (en) | 1988-02-19 | 1990-09-11 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator |
US4856863A (en) | 1988-06-22 | 1989-08-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Optical fiber interconnection network including spatial light modulator |
US5028939A (en) | 1988-08-23 | 1991-07-02 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator system |
US4982184A (en) | 1989-01-03 | 1991-01-01 | General Electric Company | Electrocrystallochromic display and element |
KR100202246B1 (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1999-06-15 | 윌리엄 비. 켐플러 | Apparatus and method for digital video system |
US5206629A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1993-04-27 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator and memory for digitized video display |
US5446479A (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1995-08-29 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Multi-dimensional array video processor system |
US5272473A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1993-12-21 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Reduced-speckle display system |
US5192946A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1993-03-09 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Digitized color video display system |
US5170156A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1992-12-08 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Multi-frequency two dimensional display system |
US5162787A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1992-11-10 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Apparatus and method for digitized video system utilizing a moving display surface |
US5214419A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1993-05-25 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Planarized true three dimensional display |
US5287096A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1994-02-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Variable luminosity display system |
US5214420A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1993-05-25 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator projection system with random polarity light |
US5079544A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1992-01-07 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Standard independent digitized video system |
US4900395A (en) | 1989-04-07 | 1990-02-13 | Fsi International, Inc. | HF gas etching of wafers in an acid processor |
US5022745A (en) | 1989-09-07 | 1991-06-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Electrostatically deformable single crystal dielectrically coated mirror |
US4954789A (en) | 1989-09-28 | 1990-09-04 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator |
US5381253A (en) | 1991-11-14 | 1995-01-10 | Board Of Regents Of University Of Colorado | Chiral smectic liquid crystal optical modulators having variable retardation |
US5124834A (en) | 1989-11-16 | 1992-06-23 | General Electric Company | Transferrable, self-supporting pellicle for elastomer light valve displays and method for making the same |
US5037173A (en) | 1989-11-22 | 1991-08-06 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Optical interconnection network |
US5500635A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1996-03-19 | Mott; Jonathan C. | Products incorporating piezoelectric material |
US5227900A (en) | 1990-03-20 | 1993-07-13 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of driving ferroelectric liquid crystal element |
CH682523A5 (en) | 1990-04-20 | 1993-09-30 | Suisse Electronique Microtech | A modulation matrix addressed light. |
GB9012099D0 (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1990-07-18 | Kodak Ltd | Optical article for multicolour imaging |
US5216537A (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1993-06-01 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Architecture and process for integrating DMD with control circuit substrates |
US5083857A (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1992-01-28 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Multi-level deformable mirror device |
US5099353A (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1992-03-24 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Architecture and process for integrating DMD with control circuit substrates |
US5018256A (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1991-05-28 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Architecture and process for integrating DMD with control circuit substrates |
US5142405A (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1992-08-25 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Bistable dmd addressing circuit and method |
EP0467048B1 (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1995-09-20 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Field-updated deformable mirror device |
US5153771A (en) | 1990-07-18 | 1992-10-06 | Northrop Corporation | Coherent light modulation and detector |
US5192395A (en) | 1990-10-12 | 1993-03-09 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method of making a digital flexure beam accelerometer |
US5044736A (en) | 1990-11-06 | 1991-09-03 | Motorola, Inc. | Configurable optical filter or display |
US5331454A (en) | 1990-11-13 | 1994-07-19 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Low reset voltage process for DMD |
US5602671A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1997-02-11 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Low surface energy passivation layer for micromechanical devices |
US5233459A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1993-08-03 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Electric display device |
US5136669A (en) | 1991-03-15 | 1992-08-04 | Sperry Marine Inc. | Variable ratio fiber optic coupler optical signal processing element |
CA2063744C (en) | 1991-04-01 | 2002-10-08 | Paul M. Urbanus | Digital micromirror device architecture and timing for use in a pulse-width modulated display system |
US5142414A (en) | 1991-04-22 | 1992-08-25 | Koehler Dale R | Electrically actuatable temporal tristimulus-color device |
US5226099A (en) | 1991-04-26 | 1993-07-06 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Digital micromirror shutter device |
US5179274A (en) | 1991-07-12 | 1993-01-12 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method for controlling operation of optical systems and devices |
US5168406A (en) | 1991-07-31 | 1992-12-01 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Color deformable mirror device and method for manufacture |
US5254980A (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1993-10-19 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | DMD display system controller |
US5358601A (en) | 1991-09-24 | 1994-10-25 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Process for isotropically etching semiconductor devices |
US5233385A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1993-08-03 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | White light enhanced color field sequential projection |
US5233456A (en) | 1991-12-20 | 1993-08-03 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Resonant mirror and method of manufacture |
US5228013A (en) | 1992-01-10 | 1993-07-13 | Bik Russell J | Clock-painting device and method for indicating the time-of-day with a non-traditional, now analog artistic panel of digital electronic visual displays |
US5296950A (en) | 1992-01-31 | 1994-03-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Optical signal free-space conversion board |
US5231532A (en) | 1992-02-05 | 1993-07-27 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Switchable resonant filter for optical radiation |
US5212582A (en) | 1992-03-04 | 1993-05-18 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Electrostatically controlled beam steering device and method |
EP0562424B1 (en) | 1992-03-25 | 1997-05-28 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Embedded optical calibration system |
US5312513A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1994-05-17 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Methods of forming multiple phase light modulators |
JPH07508856A (en) | 1992-04-08 | 1995-09-28 | ジョージア テック リサーチ コーポレイション | Process for lifting off thin film materials from growth substrates |
US5311360A (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1994-05-10 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford, Junior University | Method and apparatus for modulating a light beam |
TW245772B (en) | 1992-05-19 | 1995-04-21 | Akzo Nv | |
JPH0651250A (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1994-02-25 | Texas Instr Inc <Ti> | Monolithic space optical modulator and memory package |
JPH06214169A (en) * | 1992-06-08 | 1994-08-05 | Texas Instr Inc <Ti> | Controllable optical and periodic surface filter |
US5818095A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1998-10-06 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | High-yield spatial light modulator with light blocking layer |
US5345328A (en) | 1992-08-12 | 1994-09-06 | Sandia Corporation | Tandem resonator reflectance modulator |
US5293272A (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-08 | Physical Optics Corporation | High finesse holographic fabry-perot etalon and method of fabricating |
US5327286A (en) | 1992-08-31 | 1994-07-05 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Real time optical correlation system |
US5325116A (en) | 1992-09-18 | 1994-06-28 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Device for writing to and reading from optical storage media |
US5296775A (en) | 1992-09-24 | 1994-03-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Cooling microfan arrangements and process |
US6674562B1 (en) * | 1994-05-05 | 2004-01-06 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US5324683A (en) | 1993-06-02 | 1994-06-28 | Motorola, Inc. | Method of forming a semiconductor structure having an air region |
US5489952A (en) * | 1993-07-14 | 1996-02-06 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method and device for multi-format television |
US5365283A (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1994-11-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Color phase control for projection display using spatial light modulator |
US5581272A (en) * | 1993-08-25 | 1996-12-03 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Signal generator for controlling a spatial light modulator |
US5497197A (en) * | 1993-11-04 | 1996-03-05 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | System and method for packaging data into video processor |
US5500761A (en) * | 1994-01-27 | 1996-03-19 | At&T Corp. | Micromechanical modulator |
US6680792B2 (en) * | 1994-05-05 | 2004-01-20 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US6710908B2 (en) * | 1994-05-05 | 2004-03-23 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Controlling micro-electro-mechanical cavities |
US7550794B2 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2009-06-23 | Idc, Llc | Micromechanical systems device comprising a displaceable electrode and a charge-trapping layer |
US6040937A (en) * | 1994-05-05 | 2000-03-21 | Etalon, Inc. | Interferometric modulation |
US20010003487A1 (en) * | 1996-11-05 | 2001-06-14 | Mark W. Miles | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
US7460291B2 (en) * | 1994-05-05 | 2008-12-02 | Idc, Llc | Separable modulator |
US5497172A (en) * | 1994-06-13 | 1996-03-05 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Pulse width modulation for spatial light modulator with split reset addressing |
US5499062A (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 1996-03-12 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Multiplexed memory timing with block reset and secondary memory |
US5619059A (en) * | 1994-09-28 | 1997-04-08 | National Research Council Of Canada | Color deformable mirror device having optical thin film interference color coatings |
US5610624A (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 1997-03-11 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Spatial light modulator with reduced possibility of an on state defect |
US5726480A (en) * | 1995-01-27 | 1998-03-10 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Etchants for use in micromachining of CMOS Microaccelerometers and microelectromechanical devices and method of making the same |
US5610438A (en) * | 1995-03-08 | 1997-03-11 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Micro-mechanical device with non-evaporable getter |
US5739945A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1998-04-14 | Tayebati; Parviz | Electrically tunable optical filter utilizing a deformable multi-layer mirror |
JP3799092B2 (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 2006-07-19 | アジレント・テクノロジーズ・インク | Light modulation device and display device |
US5710656A (en) * | 1996-07-30 | 1998-01-20 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Micromechanical optical modulator having a reduced-mass composite membrane |
EP0877272B1 (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 2002-07-31 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Improvements in or relating to spatial light modulators |
US6028690A (en) * | 1997-11-26 | 2000-02-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Reduced micromirror mirror gaps for improved contrast ratio |
US6180428B1 (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2001-01-30 | Xerox Corporation | Monolithic scanning light emitting devices using micromachining |
US6201633B1 (en) * | 1999-06-07 | 2001-03-13 | Xerox Corporation | Micro-electromechanical based bistable color display sheets |
US6862029B1 (en) * | 1999-07-27 | 2005-03-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Color display system |
WO2003007049A1 (en) * | 1999-10-05 | 2003-01-23 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Photonic mems and structures |
US6549338B1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2003-04-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Bandpass filter to reduce thermal impact of dichroic light shift |
US6552840B2 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2003-04-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Electrostatic efficiency of micromechanical devices |
US6548908B2 (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2003-04-15 | Xerox Corporation | Structure and method for planar lateral oxidation in passive devices |
US6545335B1 (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2003-04-08 | Xerox Corporation | Structure and method for electrical isolation of optoelectronic integrated circuits |
US6674090B1 (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2004-01-06 | Xerox Corporation | Structure and method for planar lateral oxidation in active |
US6853129B1 (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2005-02-08 | Candescent Technologies Corporation | Protected substrate structure for a field emission display device |
US6859218B1 (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2005-02-22 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Electronic display devices and methods |
US6862022B2 (en) * | 2001-07-20 | 2005-03-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method and system for automatically selecting a vertical refresh rate for a video display monitor |
US6870581B2 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2005-03-22 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Single panel color video projection display using reflective banded color falling-raster illumination |
DE10225996B4 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2006-01-12 | Diehl Ako Stiftung & Co. Kg | Control circuit for a vacuum fluorescent display |
TW544787B (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2003-08-01 | Promos Technologies Inc | Method of forming self-aligned contact structure with locally etched gate conductive layer |
EP1563480A4 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2010-03-03 | Nanosys Inc | Integrated displays using nanowire transistors |
US6747785B2 (en) * | 2002-10-24 | 2004-06-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | MEMS-actuated color light modulator and methods |
US7274347B2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2007-09-25 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Prevention of charge accumulation in micromirror devices through bias inversion |
US6829132B2 (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-12-07 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Charge control of micro-electromechanical device |
US7190380B2 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2007-03-13 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Generating and displaying spatially offset sub-frames |
US7173314B2 (en) * | 2003-08-13 | 2007-02-06 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Storage device having a probe and a storage cell with moveable parts |
US20050057442A1 (en) * | 2003-08-28 | 2005-03-17 | Olan Way | Adjacent display of sequential sub-images |
US20050068583A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-03-31 | Gutkowski Lawrence J. | Organizing a digital image |
US6861277B1 (en) * | 2003-10-02 | 2005-03-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method of forming MEMS device |
US7161728B2 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2007-01-09 | Idc, Llc | Area array modulation and lead reduction in interferometric modulators |
US7245285B2 (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2007-07-17 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Pixel device |
-
2004
- 2004-02-03 US US10/772,120 patent/US7532194B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-01-26 KR KR1020067017822A patent/KR20070003896A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-01-26 CA CA002555238A patent/CA2555238A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-01-26 WO PCT/US2005/002359 patent/WO2005078693A2/en active Application Filing
- 2005-01-26 EP EP05712015A patent/EP1719106A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-02-03 TW TW094103306A patent/TWI253624B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0173808A1 (en) * | 1984-07-28 | 1986-03-12 | Deutsche Thomson-Brandt GmbH | Control circuit for liquid-crystal displays |
US5835255A (en) * | 1986-04-23 | 1998-11-10 | Etalon, Inc. | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
US5650834A (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1997-07-22 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Active-matrix device having silicide thin film resistor disposed between an input terminal and a short-circuit ring |
US6246398B1 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2001-06-12 | Hyundai Electronics Industries Co., Ltd. | Application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for driving an external display device |
US6057903A (en) * | 1998-08-18 | 2000-05-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Liquid crystal display device employing a guard plane between a layer for measuring touch position and common electrode layer |
EP1258860A1 (en) * | 2001-05-09 | 2002-11-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Drive circuit for cholesteric liquid crystal displays |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
MILES M ET AL: "10.1: Digital Paper for Reflective Displays" 2002 SID INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM DIGEST OF TECHNICAL PAPERS. BOSTON, MA, MAY 21 - 23, 2002, SID INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM DIGEST OF TECHNICAL PAPERS, SAN JOSE, CA : SID, US, vol. VOL. 33 / 1, 21 May 2002 (2002-05-21), page 115, XP007007920 * |
MILES, MARK: "Interferometric modulation: MOEMS as an enabling technology for high-performance reflective displays" PROCEEDINGS OF THE SPIE - THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING, vol. 4985, 28 January 2003 (2003-01-28), pages 131-139, XP002324563 SAN JOSE, USA * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008005108A2 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-10 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Passive circuits for de-multiplexing display inputs |
WO2008005108A3 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-02-21 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies Inc | Passive circuits for de-multiplexing display inputs |
US8040338B2 (en) | 2006-06-29 | 2011-10-18 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method of making passive circuits for de-multiplexing display inputs |
WO2008097750A1 (en) * | 2007-02-08 | 2008-08-14 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Passive circuits for de-multiplexing display inputs |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20070003896A (en) | 2007-01-05 |
WO2005078693A3 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
TWI253624B (en) | 2006-04-21 |
EP1719106A2 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
US7532194B2 (en) | 2009-05-12 |
US20050168431A1 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
TW200530997A (en) | 2005-09-16 |
CA2555238A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7532194B2 (en) | Driver voltage adjuster | |
JP5203608B2 (en) | Light modulator | |
US6281868B1 (en) | Display | |
US7777715B2 (en) | Passive circuits for de-multiplexing display inputs | |
US20160203775A1 (en) | Method and system for writing data to mems display elements | |
KR20040081347A (en) | Display device | |
US20060146008A1 (en) | Method for calibrating an electrophoretic dispaly panel | |
KR20090107562A (en) | Passive circuits for de-multiplexing display inputs | |
JP2009537857A (en) | Improved display device | |
US6369783B1 (en) | Cell Driving apparatus of a field emission display | |
JP3137883B2 (en) | Liquid crystal display |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2555238 Country of ref document: CA |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 937/MUMNP/2006 Country of ref document: IN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020067017822 Country of ref document: KR Ref document number: 2005712015 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2005712015 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020067017822 Country of ref document: KR |