WO2005103647A1 - 量子線支援原子間力顕微法および量子線支援原子間力顕微鏡 - Google Patents
量子線支援原子間力顕微法および量子線支援原子間力顕微鏡 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005103647A1 WO2005103647A1 PCT/JP2004/019092 JP2004019092W WO2005103647A1 WO 2005103647 A1 WO2005103647 A1 WO 2005103647A1 JP 2004019092 W JP2004019092 W JP 2004019092W WO 2005103647 A1 WO2005103647 A1 WO 2005103647A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- quantum
- sample surface
- atomic force
- probe
- atoms
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
- G01Q60/00—Particular types of SPM [Scanning Probe Microscopy] or microscopes; Essential components thereof
- G01Q60/24—AFM [Atomic Force Microscopy] or apparatus therefor, e.g. AFM probes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y35/00—Methods or apparatus for measurement or analysis of nanostructures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
- G01Q30/00—Auxiliary means serving to assist or improve the scanning probe techniques or apparatus, e.g. display or data processing devices
- G01Q30/02—Non-SPM analysing devices, e.g. SEM [Scanning Electron Microscope], spectrometer or optical microscope
Definitions
- Quantum ray assisted atomic force microscopy Quantum ray assisted atomic force microscopy and quantum ray assisted atomic force microscopy
- the present invention relates to an atomic force microscopy and an atomic force microscope, and particularly to a quantum wire suitable for simultaneously performing elemental analysis and chemical state analysis in addition to merely observing the shape of a sample surface at an atomic level.
- the present invention relates to assisted atomic force microscopy and quantum beam assisted atomic force microscopy.
- Atomic force microscopy is not only a tool for observing the surface structure, but also as a tool for measuring various physical properties such as frictional force of a small part of the material surface, magnetic measurement of 'electrical properties, surface force, mechanical properties, etc. It's being used.
- the method (2) is based on the method of adsorbing molecules adsorbed on a solid surface. Is the object of measurement, not the analysis of the solid surface itself.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-2000-28511 is cited (Patent Document 1).
- the non-contact atomic force microscope described in this publication includes a cantilever fixed to a vibration means, a displacement detector for detecting displacement of the cantilever, an amplifier for controlling the vibration means, and an output of the displacement detector.
- Frequency detector for detecting the frequency of the sample, sample driving means for changing the distance between the sample and the tip of the cantilever so that the detected frequency is constant, and vibration means with different vibration voltages by controlling the amplifier.
- a control device for driving each is provided. The control device detects, from the output of the frequency detector, a change in the oscillating frequency with respect to a change in the distance between the sample and the tip of the cantilever at each exciting voltage, and determines a sharp rising position of the oscillating frequency at each exciting voltage. The oscillation amplitude of the cantilever is calculated from the difference.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-2000-28511
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and it is an object of the present invention to observe the shape at the atomic level using an atomic force microscope on a material surface, perform elemental analysis, and analyze the state of the material.
- the aim of this study is to provide a quantum-beam assisted atomic force microscope and a quantum-beam assisted atomic force microscope that enable simultaneous analysis!
- a feature of the quantum beam assisted atomic force microscopy according to the present invention is that a quantum ray such as a photon, an electron, or a charged particle having a predetermined electron transition energy specific to an element is incident on an atom on a sample surface. The point is to detect the change in the interaction force between the atom on the sample surface where the quantum beam is incident and the tip of the probe.
- quantum ray is a general term for physical entities having radiation energy or translational energy equal to or greater than leV and performing quantum behavior, such as photons such as X-rays and lasers, electrons, and charged electrons. And the like.
- the feature of the quantum beam assisted atomic force microscopy according to the present invention is that atoms on the surface of a sample are associated with atoms. Then, quantum rays such as predetermined photons, electrons, and charged particles are incident, and the energy of the incident quantum rays is sequentially changed to change the interaction force between the sample surface atoms and the tip of the probe. The point is to detect.
- the feature of the quantum ray assisted atomic force microscopy according to the present invention is that an atomic force microscope image is acquired without irradiating the sample surface with a quantum beam, and the same sample surface can be subjected to photon quanta, The point is to irradiate quantum rays such as electrons and charged particles at a fixed electron transition energy specific to the element, and to obtain an atomic force microscope image under the irradiation of quantum rays.
- the quantum rays incident on the atoms on the sample surface be X-rays having an inner-shell electron transition energy to the outermost shell inherent to the element to be detected.
- the features of the quantum beam assisted atomic force microscope include a probe having a sharp probe that interacts with atoms on the surface of a sample, and a displacement sensor that detects the deflection of the probe.
- a two-dimensional scanning means for scanning the probe two-dimensionally relative to the horizontal direction of the sample surface; and a vertical means for relatively controlling the distance between the probe and the sample surface in the vertical direction.
- An atomic force microscope having a moving means, wherein the quantum beam irradiating means for irradiating the atoms on the sample surface with quantum rays such as photons, electrons, and charged particles having a predetermined electron transition energy specific to the element.
- the displacement sensor detects a change in the interaction force between the sample surface atoms irradiated with the quantum beam by the quantum beam irradiation means and the tip of the probe.
- the displacement sensor moves between the probe tip and the sample surface atoms. A change in the interaction force may be detected.
- the probe is relatively scanned with respect to the sample surface by the two-dimensional scanning means without irradiating the sample surface with a quantum beam, and an atomic force microscope image is output.
- the same sample surface is irradiated with quantum rays such as photons, electrons, and charged particles at a fixed electron transition energy specific to the element, and an atomic force microscope image is output under irradiation with the quantum rays. You may do so.
- the quantum rays incident on the atoms on the sample surface be X-rays having an inner-shell electron transition energy to the outermost shell specific to the element to be detected.
- the present invention it is possible to simultaneously perform shape observation and elemental analysis at an atomic level using an atomic force microscope, and furthermore, it becomes possible to analyze a chemical state of a sample surface. Since it can operate even in liquids, it may be possible to perform elemental analysis and biological state analysis on biological samples at atomic-level resolution.
- FIG. Figure 1 is a principle diagram showing an example of a non-contact atomic force microscope (sometimes called a near-contact atomic force microscope or a dynamic force microscope) among atomic force microscopes.
- a non-contact atomic force microscope is an apparatus that detects an interaction between a probe tip of a probe and a sample surface and images the interaction.
- the interaction forces acting between the probe and the sample surface include long-range dispersion force and electrostatic force, as well as short-range force Van der Waalska.
- This chemical interaction force involves HOMO (High occupied molecular orbital) and LUMO (Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital), which are the electron orbitals of the probe tip and the surface atoms of the sample. is there.
- the electron density in the electron trajectory of the chemical bond between the tip of the probe and the surface atoms of the sample can be controlled by an external force according to the element and the state of the drama, the interaction force acting between the probe and the sample Can be artificially changed in accordance with the element or the state of the drama, and the atomic force microscope can have element analysis and chemical analysis capabilities.
- a control method it is conceivable to irradiate a quantum beam having a predetermined electron transition energy specific to the element on the sample surface.
- the basic principle of the present invention was proved by an experiment in which a gold (Au) thin film was formed on a silicon (Si) substrate.
- a non-contact atomic force microscope was installed on the beam line at the Synchrotron Radiation Research Facility of the Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK, and an X-ray irradiation experiment was performed. went.
- This device is provided with an optical axis control mechanism (not shown) that can be adjusted by remote control from outside the beamline X-ray shielding hatch.
- FIG. 2 shows a non-contact atomic force microscope image of this sample.
- the region observed in the right half as a hill is the Au region, and the film thickness is about 20 nm.
- a self-detecting cantilever was used as a probe, and the probe was vibrated at a frequency of 88 kHz and the frequency shift was set to 20 Hz. Then, after observing the non-contact atomic force microscope image, the tip of the probe was moved to the Au region. Since the interatomic force changes depending on the distance between the tip of the probe and the sample surface, it is necessary to eliminate the effect. Therefore, in this experiment, after moving the probe, the distance between the tip of the probe and the sample surface was fixed.
- the X-rays having energy near the L-absorption edge of Au are used as a sample in order to transfer the inner-shell electrons existing in the L-shell electron orbital of the Au inner-shell electrons to the outermost electron orbital.
- Atomic force was measured while sweeping energy. For comparison, X-rays with energy near the L-absorption edge of Au were irradiated while sweeping even in the Si region, and the atomic force was reduced.
- the horizontal axis in Fig. 3 shows the energy irradiated by X-rays
- the left vertical axis shows the interaction force
- the right vertical axis shows the X-ray absorbance of Au measured for Au oil.
- the peak of the interaction force in the Au region falls near the Au absorption edge.
- One of the factors is considered to be that the transition to the electron orbit changed the covalent bond between the sample surface atoms and the tip of the probe. Based on the principle demonstrated by the above experiments Then, by applying a predetermined transition energy to excite inner-shell electrons to the sample surface and analyzing the change in the interaction force acting between the sample surface atoms and the tip of the probe, the sample surface is directly exposed to the sample surface. Elemental analysis and chemical state analysis become possible.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of the quantum-beam assisted atomic force microscope 1 according to the present invention.
- the basic configuration of the quantum beam assisted atomic force microscope 1 of the present embodiment includes an X-y stage 2 which is a two-dimensional scanning means on which a sample t is placed and which can be moved in an X-y axis direction in a horizontal plane, and a probe at a tip A probe 3 having a probe 3 supported so as to be able to vibrate up and down on the X-y stage 2, and a z-stage 4 as a vertical moving means supporting the probe 3 and capable of moving in the vertical z-axis direction.
- Control or output from the position detector 6 And controls the z-stage 4 on the basis of the position signal, and the X y stage 2 is scanned in the plane direction while adjusting the height of the sample t and a control unit 8 for outputting the image.
- the probe 3 is made of a material such as Si, SiN, W, Pt, and Ptlr.
- the tip 3a of the probe has a shape with a small radius of curvature.
- a probe whose tip is modified with a chemical functional group such as a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group, a coating of a carbon nanotube, a metal 'metal oxide' metal carbide or the like, a diamond or the like is also used.
- the method of detecting the displacement of the probe 3 can be achieved by an optical lever method, as shown in Fig. 5, in which the deflection position of the reflected light generated by the displacement of the probe 3 is detected by a photodetector into four parts.
- the laser irradiator 5 may use a light irradiator composed of a normal semiconductor photodiode formed by a semiconductor diode laser. Also a probe
- the frequency modulation detection method 3 may be either FM or AM detection method.
- the force X-y stage 2 is configured to support the probe 3 on the z-stage 4 on the X-y stage 2 and has a structure capable of moving in the X-y-z axis.
- the function as the two-dimensional scanning means and the function as the vertical movement means may be combined, and the stage 4 may be a mechanism for simply supporting the probe probe 3 so as to be able to vibrate.
- the quantum ray irradiation means 7 may be mounted on the quantum ray assisted atomic force microscope 1 or may have a structure that is separately provided to guide the quantum rays to the sample surface.
- the quantum beam assisted atomic force microscope 1 of the present embodiment irradiates the surface of the sample t with resonance energy interacting with the element to be detected using the quantum
- the position detector 6 detects changes in the interaction force, such as attractive force and repulsive force, acting between the surface atoms of the sample t irradiated with the line and the tip 3a of the probe, and the control device 8 detects the change in the interatomic force with the output image device. Output as force microscope image.
- the probe 3 is a PZT laminated cantilever as shown in FIG. 7, the position detector 6 is unnecessary.
- the probe tip 3a of the probe 3 is fixed at a specific location on the surface of the sample t, and the energy of the incident X-rays is sequentially changed so that the atoms on the surface of the sample t and the probe tip 3a are separated. By detecting the change in the interaction force between them, the type of atoms existing at that location can be determined.
- the chemical state of atoms existing on the surface of the sample t using the difference in electron transition energies. For example, using the height difference of inner-shell electron transition energy to the outermost shell of the same element, the surface of sample t and tip 3a By precisely detecting the energy position where the interaction force of the element has changed, and comparing it with the distribution of the inner-shell electron transition energy to the outermost shell in each chemical state of the element, the chemical position on the surface of the corresponding sample t can be determined. The state can be analyzed.
- the shape observation at the atomic level and the elemental analysis can be performed simultaneously using the quantum-beam assisted atomic force microscope 1, and furthermore, the surface of the sample t It will be possible to analyze the chemical state at that time. Furthermore, it can be applied to the following fields.
- elemental analysis at the nano-atomic level can be performed in the air environment where semiconductor devices and sensors are difficult to operate using existing device evaluation methods, in the operating environment in the air, and in the operating environment in a solution.
- Chemical state analysis can be performed.
- biopolymers such as enzymes, proteins, and DNA contain metal ions and atoms having various functions in their structures.
- various chemical analysis methods such as X-ray diffraction to identify the atomic positions of these metal ions and analyze their effects.
- a substrate capable of adsorbing and holding biomolecules in a solution is prepared and observed. It is possible to identify the position of the metal ion 'atom in the biomolecule, and its action can be clarified by mixing the working molecule in a solution and observing it in situ.
- quantum-beam assisted atomic force microscopy and the quantum-beam assisted atomic force microscopy according to the present invention can be appropriately modified without being limited to the above-described embodiment.
- quantum rays For example, among the quantum rays, X-rays can be irradiated to a sample even in a liquid, and the electron transition energy unique to each element is grasped. Therefore, a quantum beam suitable for the present embodiment is used. However, other quantum rays, such as laser light, electrons, or charged particles, having energy that changes the interaction force acting between the probe tip 3a and the sample surface may be irradiated.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic principle of a quantum-beam assisted atomic force microscope and a quantum-beam assisted atomic force microscope according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a non-contact atomic force microscope image of an AuZSi sample used in an experiment for demonstrating the basic principle of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of a verification experiment of the basic principle of the present invention, in which the horizontal axis represents X-ray irradiation energy, the left vertical axis represents interaction force, and the right vertical axis represents Au X-ray absorption light. It is.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a quantum beam assisted atomic force microscope according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an optical lever system for detecting displacement of a probe in the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an optical interference method for detecting displacement of a probe in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a self-detecting cantilever system using a PZT laminated cantilever for detecting displacement of a probe in the present embodiment.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2563843A CA2563843C (en) | 2004-04-21 | 2004-12-21 | Quantum beam aided atomic force microscopy and quantum beam aided atomic force microscope |
US11/587,031 US7534999B2 (en) | 2004-04-21 | 2004-12-21 | Quantum beam aided atomic force microscopy and quantum beam aided atomic force microscope |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-126099 | 2004-04-21 | ||
JP2004126099A JP4596813B2 (ja) | 2004-04-21 | 2004-04-21 | 量子線支援原子間力顕微法および量子線支援原子間力顕微鏡 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005103647A1 true WO2005103647A1 (ja) | 2005-11-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2004/019092 WO2005103647A1 (ja) | 2004-04-21 | 2004-12-21 | 量子線支援原子間力顕微法および量子線支援原子間力顕微鏡 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7534999B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4596813B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2563843C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005103647A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7423264B2 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2008-09-09 | Kla-Tencor Technologies Corporation | Atomic force microscope |
US11175307B1 (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2021-11-16 | Globalfoundries U.S. Inc. | Conductive atomic force microscopy system with enhanced sensitivity and methods of using such a system |
US11404240B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2022-08-02 | Globalfoundries Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Inspection devices and methods of inspecting a sample |
CN114367319B (zh) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-10-10 | 江苏大学 | 一种基于低频振动探针的颗粒操控装置和方法 |
Citations (2)
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JPH0269643A (ja) * | 1988-09-06 | 1990-03-08 | Toshiba Corp | 表面分析装置 |
JPH03140842A (ja) * | 1989-10-20 | 1991-06-14 | Internatl Business Mach Corp <Ibm> | 分光分析装置及び方法 |
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US5270214A (en) * | 1990-05-30 | 1993-12-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Method for sequencing DNA base pairs |
US5144833A (en) * | 1990-09-27 | 1992-09-08 | International Business Machines Corporation | Atomic force microscopy |
JPH0579833A (ja) | 1991-09-20 | 1993-03-30 | Hitachi Ltd | 表面顕微鏡 |
JPH06148400A (ja) | 1992-11-12 | 1994-05-27 | Nikon Corp | 表面凹凸像とx線透過像の観察装置及び観察方法 |
US5464977A (en) * | 1993-03-10 | 1995-11-07 | Nikon Corporation | Scanning optical detection apparatus and method, and photoelectric conversion medium applied thereto |
US5753814A (en) * | 1994-05-19 | 1998-05-19 | Molecular Imaging Corporation | Magnetically-oscillated probe microscope for operation in liquids |
US5874668A (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 1999-02-23 | Arch Development Corporation | Atomic force microscope for biological specimens |
JP3754821B2 (ja) | 1998-07-09 | 2006-03-15 | 日本電子株式会社 | カンチレバー振幅測定方法および非接触原子間力顕微鏡 |
US6330824B1 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2001-12-18 | The University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Photothermal modulation for oscillating mode atomic force microscopy in solution |
US6469288B1 (en) * | 1999-05-17 | 2002-10-22 | Olympus Optcial Co., Ltd. | Near field optical microscope and probe for near field optical microscope |
US6185992B1 (en) * | 1999-07-15 | 2001-02-13 | Veeco Instruments Inc. | Method and system for increasing the accuracy of a probe-based instrument measuring a heated sample |
US6590208B2 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2003-07-08 | Veeco Instruments Inc. | Balanced momentum probe holder |
US6912892B2 (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2005-07-05 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Atomic force microscope |
JP3762993B2 (ja) | 2003-01-29 | 2006-04-05 | 国立大学法人 奈良先端科学技術大学院大学 | 原子間遷移エネルギー分析走査プローブ顕微鏡法および原子間遷移エネルギー分析走査プローブ顕微鏡 |
US7230719B2 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2007-06-12 | National University Of Singapore | High sensitivity scanning probe system |
JP2005321758A (ja) * | 2004-04-09 | 2005-11-17 | Sii Nanotechnology Inc | 走査型プローブ装置および走査型プローブ加工方法 |
WO2006001108A1 (ja) * | 2004-06-25 | 2006-01-05 | Japan Science And Technology Agency | 探針装置 |
US7095822B1 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-08-22 | Xradia, Inc. | Near-field X-ray fluorescence microprobe |
US7631546B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2009-12-15 | Veeco Instruments Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring of a SPM actuator |
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2004
- 2004-04-21 JP JP2004126099A patent/JP4596813B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-21 US US11/587,031 patent/US7534999B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-21 CA CA2563843A patent/CA2563843C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-21 WO PCT/JP2004/019092 patent/WO2005103647A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
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JPH0269643A (ja) * | 1988-09-06 | 1990-03-08 | Toshiba Corp | 表面分析装置 |
JPH03140842A (ja) * | 1989-10-20 | 1991-06-14 | Internatl Business Mach Corp <Ibm> | 分光分析装置及び方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7534999B2 (en) | 2009-05-19 |
US20070215804A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
JP4596813B2 (ja) | 2010-12-15 |
CA2563843A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
CA2563843C (en) | 2012-09-04 |
JP2005308554A (ja) | 2005-11-04 |
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