WO2007091011A1 - Refractory burner tiles having improved emissivity and combustion apparatus employing the same - Google Patents

Refractory burner tiles having improved emissivity and combustion apparatus employing the same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007091011A1
WO2007091011A1 PCT/GB2007/000075 GB2007000075W WO2007091011A1 WO 2007091011 A1 WO2007091011 A1 WO 2007091011A1 GB 2007000075 W GB2007000075 W GB 2007000075W WO 2007091011 A1 WO2007091011 A1 WO 2007091011A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
emissivity
coating
combustion apparatus
burner
burner tiles
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2007/000075
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Naiping Zhu
Louis Karambis
Original Assignee
Fosbel Intellectual Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fosbel Intellectual Limited filed Critical Fosbel Intellectual Limited
Publication of WO2007091011A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007091011A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F23M5/025—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used specially adapted for burner openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1678—Increasing the durability of linings; Means for protecting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
    • F23M2900/05004—Special materials for walls or lining

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to combustion apparatus 5 such as process heaters, furnaces, boilers, and other fired heating systems.
  • combustion apparatus 5 such as process heaters, furnaces, boilers, and other fired heating systems.
  • the present invention relates to combustion apparatus which include refractory burner tiles provided with improved emissivity characteristics.
  • burners function to combust burner fuel and air so as to generate the required heat.
  • the efficiency of the burner is very important to operators due to fuel costs and the need to reduce nitrogen oxides
  • burners designed for combusting fuel with air in a manner resulting in less NO x emissions are commonly referred to as "low NO x " burners and are well known in the art as evidenced by U.S. Patent Nos. 6,905,328, 6,499,990 and 6,394,792, the entire content of each being expressly incorporated hereinto by
  • combustion apparatus are improved by providing a high emissivity (high-E) coating onto faces of refractory burner tiles.
  • high-E high emissivity
  • the combustion apparatus which employ the high-E coated burner tiles of the present invention may 25 achieve longer service life, improved flame stability, easier combustion and a more stable flame pattern under a wide range of operating conditions.
  • the performance of a combustion apparatus is improved by providing burner tiles therein which include a coating of a high-emissivity (high-E) material.
  • the high-E material has an emissivity of greater than about 0.80, usually between about 0.85 to about 0.98. In some embodiments, the high-E material has an emissivity of about 0.92.
  • the coating thickness of the high-E material bn the burner tile can be between about 0.0005 to about 0.025 inch, preferably between about
  • the high- E material is ceramic. Burner tiles comprising a coating layer of the high- emissivity material may therefore be incorporated into a combustion apparatus so as to improve its performance.
  • FIGURE is a partial cross-sectional elevational schematic view of a combustion apparatus employing the high-E coated burner tiles of the present invention.
  • a high-emissivity (high-E) ceramic coating is applied to surfaces of burner tiles associated with a combustion apparatus so as to provide enhanced combustion. More specifically enhanced combustion of the burner fuel is provided according to the present invention by the higher heat energy (flux) from the high-E ceramic coated surfaces of the burner tiles.
  • the emissivity (E) of a material is meant to refer to a unitless number measured on a scale between zero (total energy reflection) and 1.0 (a perfect “black body” capable of total energy absorption and re-radiation).
  • a relatively high emissivity (high-E) is meant to refer to coating materials having an emissivity of greater than about 0.80, and usually between about 0.85 to about 0.98, and most preferably between about 0.85 to about 0.95.
  • FIGURE depicts in schematic fashion a furnace 10 having a burner apparatus 12 operatively attached to the furnace's refractory wall 14.
  • Any suitable burner apparatus may be employed, such as the burner described in U.S. Patent No. 5,961 ,312 (the entire content of which is expressly incorporated hereinto by reference.)
  • the refractory wall 14 includes a burner tunnel 16 which is defined by burner tiles 18.
  • the burner tiles 18 depicted in the accompanying FIGURE define a generally cylindrical burner tunnel 16, but other geometric shapes may be employed as desired.
  • a square or rectangular burner tunnel 16 may be defined by the refractory tiles 18.
  • the individual burner tiles 18 are constructed of a body of refractory material, e.g., ceramics, conventionally employed for high temperature environments.
  • the burner tiles 18 have a coating 20 on the surfaces thereof which is formed from a high-E ceramic material.
  • a high-E ceramic coating material may be employed satisfactorily in the practice of the present invention.
  • one presently preferred high-E ceramic coating is
  • the thickness of the coating 20 on the surfaces of the burner tiles 20 is not critical but will vary in dependence upon the desired resulting thermal flux and/or the particular material forming the coating. Thus, coating thicknesses of from about 0.0005 to about 0.025, usually between about 0.001 inch to about 0.002 inch may be appropriate. Coating densities will typically be greater than about 65%, more specifically 80% or greater, including up to 100%. By “coating density” is meant the amount (wt.%) of the high-E ceramic coating material that is present in the coating 20.
  • the high-E coating material may be applied to the burner tiles 18 in any conventional manner.
  • the high-E coating material forming the coating 20 may thus be applied to the surfaces of the burner tiles 18 via any pressurized spray system while the burner tiles are being manufactured or while off-line (i.e., is not at its operational temperatures) during refurbishment.

Abstract

The performance of a combustion apparatus is improved by providing a burner tile therein which includes a coating of a high-emissivity (high-E) material. Preferably, the high-E material has an emissivity of greater than about 0.80, usually between about 0.85 to about 0.98. In some embodiments, the high-E material has an emissivity of about 0.92. The coating thickness of the high-E material on the burner tile can be between about 0.0005 to about 0.025 inch, preferably between about 0.001 to about 0.002 inch. In especially preferred embodiments, the high-E material is ceramic. A burner tile comprising a coating layer of the high-emissivity material may therefore be incorporated into a combustion apparatus so as to improve its combustion performance

Description

REFRACTORY BURNER TILES HAVING IMPROVED EMiSSIVITY AND COMBUSTION APPARATUS EMPLOYING THE SAME
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to combustion apparatus 5 such as process heaters, furnaces, boilers, and other fired heating systems. In especially preferred forms, the present invention relates to combustion apparatus which include refractory burner tiles provided with improved emissivity characteristics.
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
10 Many industrial applications require large scale generation of heat from burners for process heaters, boilers or other fired heating systems. In essence, the burners function to combust burner fuel and air so as to generate the required heat. The efficiency of the burner is very important to operators due to fuel costs and the need to reduce nitrogen oxides
15 (NOx) in the combustion gases. In this regard, burners designed for combusting fuel with air in a manner resulting in less NOx emissions are commonly referred to as "low NOx" burners and are well known in the art as evidenced by U.S. Patent Nos. 6,905,328, 6,499,990 and 6,394,792, the entire content of each being expressly incorporated hereinto by
20. reference.
According to the present invention, combustion apparatus are improved by providing a high emissivity (high-E) coating onto faces of refractory burner tiles. In such a manner, the combustion apparatus which employ the high-E coated burner tiles of the present invention may 25 achieve longer service life, improved flame stability, easier combustion and a more stable flame pattern under a wide range of operating conditions.
According to some embodiments, the performance of a combustion apparatus is improved by providing burner tiles therein which include a coating of a high-emissivity (high-E) material. Preferably, the high-E material has an emissivity of greater than about 0.80, usually between about 0.85 to about 0.98. In some embodiments, the high-E material has an emissivity of about 0.92.
The coating thickness of the high-E material bn the burner tile can be between about 0.0005 to about 0.025 inch, preferably between about
0.001 to about 0.002 inch. In especially preferred embodiments, the high- E material is ceramic. Burner tiles comprising a coating layer of the high- emissivity material may therefore be incorporated into a combustion apparatus so as to improve its performance.
These and other aspects and advantages will become more apparent after careful consideration is given to the following detailed description of the preferred exemplary embodiments thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
Reference will hereinafter be made to the accompanying drawings FIGURE which is a partial cross-sectional elevational schematic view of a combustion apparatus employing the high-E coated burner tiles of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, a high-emissivity (high-E) ceramic coating is applied to surfaces of burner tiles associated with a combustion apparatus so as to provide enhanced combustion. More specifically enhanced combustion of the burner fuel is provided according to the present invention by the higher heat energy (flux) from the high-E ceramic coated surfaces of the burner tiles.
As used herein, the emissivity (E) of a material is meant to refer to a unitless number measured on a scale between zero (total energy reflection) and 1.0 (a perfect "black body" capable of total energy absorption and re-radiation). According to the present invention, a relatively high emissivity (high-E) is meant to refer to coating materials having an emissivity of greater than about 0.80, and usually between about 0.85 to about 0.98, and most preferably between about 0.85 to about 0.95.
The accompanying drawing FIGURE depicts in schematic fashion a furnace 10 having a burner apparatus 12 operatively attached to the furnace's refractory wall 14. Any suitable burner apparatus may be employed, such as the burner described in U.S. Patent No. 5,961 ,312 (the entire content of which is expressly incorporated hereinto by reference.)
The refractory wall 14 includes a burner tunnel 16 which is defined by burner tiles 18. In this regard, the burner tiles 18 depicted in the accompanying FIGURE define a generally cylindrical burner tunnel 16, but other geometric shapes may be employed as desired. For example, a square or rectangular burner tunnel 16 may be defined by the refractory tiles 18. The individual burner tiles 18 are constructed of a body of refractory material, e.g., ceramics, conventionally employed for high temperature environments. lmportant to the present invention, the burner tiles 18 have a coating 20 on the surfaces thereof which is formed from a high-E ceramic material. Virtually any commercially available high-E ceramic coating material may be employed satisfactorily in the practice of the present invention. For example, one presently preferred high-E ceramic coating is
CERAK R360/R370 ceramic coating commercially available form Cetek, Ltd. of Brook Park, Ohio, having an emissivity of about 0.92.
The thickness of the coating 20 on the surfaces of the burner tiles 20 is not critical but will vary in dependence upon the desired resulting thermal flux and/or the particular material forming the coating. Thus, coating thicknesses of from about 0.0005 to about 0.025, usually between about 0.001 inch to about 0.002 inch may be appropriate. Coating densities will typically be greater than about 65%, more specifically 80% or greater, including up to 100%. By "coating density" is meant the amount (wt.%) of the high-E ceramic coating material that is present in the coating 20.
The high-E coating material may be applied to the burner tiles 18 in any conventional manner. The high-E coating material forming the coating 20 may thus be applied to the surfaces of the burner tiles 18 via any pressurized spray system while the burner tiles are being manufactured or while off-line (i.e., is not at its operational temperatures) during refurbishment.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

GLAIMS
1. A method of improving performance of a combustion apparatus comprising providing a burner tile in the combustion apparatus which includes a coating of a high-em issivity (high-E) material.
2. Method as in claim 1 , wherein the high-E material has an emissivity of greater than about 0.80.
3. Method as in claim 1 , wherein the high-E material has an emissivity of from about 0.85 to about 0.98.
4. Method as in claim 1 , wherein the high-E material has an emissivity of about 0.92.
5. Method as in any preceding claim, wherein the coating has a thickness of from about 0.0005 to about 0.025 inch.
6. Method as in claim 5, wherein the coating has a thickness of from about 0.001 to about 0.002 inch.
7. Method as in any preceding claim, wherein the high-E material is ceramic.
8. A burner tile for a combustion apparatus comprising a coating layer of a high-emissivity material.
9. Burner tile as in claim 8, wherein the high-E material has an emissivity of greater than about 0.80.
10. Burner tile as in claim 9, wherein the high-E material has an emissivity of between about 0.85 to about 0.98.
11. Burner tile as in claim 9, wherein the high-E material has an emissivity of about 0.92.
12. Burner tile as in any one of claims 9 to 11 , wherein the coating has a thickness of between about 0.0005 to about 0.025 inch.
13. Burner tile as in claim 13, wherein the coating has a thickness of between about 0.001 to about 0.002 inch.
14. A combustion apparatus comprising one or more burner tiles as in any one of claims 8-13.
PCT/GB2007/000075 2006-02-09 2007-01-12 Refractory burner tiles having improved emissivity and combustion apparatus employing the same WO2007091011A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77148006P 2006-02-09 2006-02-09
US60/771,480 2006-02-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007091011A1 true WO2007091011A1 (en) 2007-08-16

Family

ID=38123952

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2007/000075 WO2007091011A1 (en) 2006-02-09 2007-01-12 Refractory burner tiles having improved emissivity and combustion apparatus employing the same

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20070207418A1 (en)
AR (1) AR059369A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007091011A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2433346C2 (en) * 2006-01-27 2011-11-10 Фосбел Интеллекчуал Лимитед Method to increase durability and improve characteristics of flare tip, flare tip
US20140212823A1 (en) * 2013-01-25 2014-07-31 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Reduction of NOx Emissions From Fired Heaters With Combustion Air Preheaters

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2791977A (en) * 1950-08-03 1957-05-14 Bernitz Furnace Appliance Comp Refractory burner rings for furnace walls
JPS61256110A (en) * 1985-05-04 1986-11-13 Shoei Seisakusho:Kk Radiant cup burner tile
US4759297A (en) * 1987-08-27 1988-07-26 Norton Company Furnace burner block
US5178921A (en) * 1991-09-03 1993-01-12 Inland Steel Company Burner block assembly and material
US6626663B1 (en) * 2002-08-16 2003-09-30 Fosbal Intellectual Ag Processes for redistributing heat flux on process tubes within process heaters, and process heaters including the same
WO2006129063A1 (en) * 2005-06-02 2006-12-07 Fosbel Intellectual Limited Methods and systems for enhanced destruction of volatile organic compounds

Family Cites Families (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2007605A (en) * 1931-01-16 1935-07-09 Globar Corp Electric furnace
US2207992A (en) * 1937-06-26 1940-07-16 T E Schundler & Co Inc Combustion chamber
US2628088A (en) * 1950-05-22 1953-02-10 Kaiser Steel Corp Refractory product
US2781756A (en) * 1952-04-26 1957-02-19 Kenneth A Kobe Apparatus for submerged combustion of liquid fuels
US2970829A (en) * 1954-11-26 1961-02-07 Reynders Charlton Method of operation of a top-fired open hearth furnace
US2849860A (en) * 1955-10-17 1958-09-02 Norton Co Rocket motor with recrystallized silicon carbide throat insert
US3007512A (en) * 1955-10-28 1961-11-07 Shell Oil Co Burner for the burning of regenerator flue gas
US3216477A (en) * 1963-08-08 1965-11-09 Bernard W Devine Flame safeguard systems and devices
US3215098A (en) * 1963-09-26 1965-11-02 Nat Beryllia Corp Burner throat
US4004789A (en) * 1975-02-05 1977-01-25 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Tunnelized burner for panel type furnace
US4060379A (en) * 1975-02-06 1977-11-29 Hague International Energy conserving process furnace system and components thereof
US4072530A (en) * 1976-06-17 1978-02-07 Fuji Chemical Industries Company Refractory furnace wall coating
US4202148A (en) * 1978-06-26 1980-05-13 Industrial Insulations, Inc. Method of making thick-walled refractory fiber modules and the product formed thereby
US4363623A (en) * 1979-02-07 1982-12-14 Heinz Brune Casings for heat exchangers and burner/recuperator assemblies incorporating such casings
US4455319A (en) * 1982-07-06 1984-06-19 Toastmaster, Inc. Method of effecting long wavelength radiation cooking
US4445444A (en) * 1982-08-12 1984-05-01 Texaco Inc. Burner for combusting oxygen-coal mixture
US4469721A (en) * 1983-06-06 1984-09-04 Kiyohiko Shioya High emissivity refractory coating, process for manufacturing the same, and coating composition therefor
US5356487A (en) * 1983-07-25 1994-10-18 Quantum Group, Inc. Thermally amplified and stimulated emission radiator fiber matrix burner
US4655044A (en) * 1983-12-21 1987-04-07 United Technologies Corporation Coated high temperature combustor liner
JPS60149828A (en) * 1984-01-13 1985-08-07 Hitachi Ltd Combustion device
US4664618A (en) * 1984-08-16 1987-05-12 American Combustion, Inc. Recuperative furnace wall
US4774808A (en) * 1987-07-06 1988-10-04 Otters John L Displacer arrangement for external combustion engines
US4942732A (en) * 1987-08-17 1990-07-24 Barson Corporation Refractory metal composite coated article
US4828481A (en) * 1987-10-05 1989-05-09 Institute Of Gas Technology Process and apparatus for high temperature combustion
US5216981A (en) * 1991-01-22 1993-06-08 Advanced Fuel Research, Inc. Coal-fired heating apparatus and method
US5220786A (en) * 1991-03-08 1993-06-22 General Electric Company Thermally protected venturi for combustor dome
US5383976A (en) * 1992-06-30 1995-01-24 Jx Crystals, Inc. Compact DC/AC electric power generator using convective liquid cooled low bandgap thermophotovoltaic cell strings and regenerative hydrocarbon burner
US5581998A (en) * 1994-06-22 1996-12-10 Craig; Joe D. Biomass fuel turbine combuster
US5624253A (en) * 1994-07-11 1997-04-29 Ilya Zborovsky Radiation burner
JP3557028B2 (en) * 1996-02-14 2004-08-25 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Combustion burner and combustion method in furnace
US5668072A (en) * 1996-05-09 1997-09-16 Equity Enterprises High emissivity coating
US5851679A (en) * 1996-12-17 1998-12-22 General Electric Company Multilayer dielectric stack coated part for contact with combustion gases
US6047539A (en) * 1998-04-30 2000-04-11 General Electric Company Method of protecting gas turbine combustor components against water erosion and hot corrosion
US6394792B1 (en) * 1999-03-11 2002-05-28 Zeeco, Inc. Low NoX burner apparatus
US6207295B1 (en) * 1999-07-13 2001-03-27 General Electric Company Article with tailorable high temperature coating
ES2230283T3 (en) * 2000-03-13 2005-05-01 John Zink Company,L.L.C. RADIATION WALL AND LOW EMISSION NOX BURNER.
US6499990B1 (en) * 2001-03-07 2002-12-31 Zeeco, Inc. Low NOx burner apparatus and method
US6652987B2 (en) * 2001-07-06 2003-11-25 United Technologies Corporation Reflective coatings to reduce radiation heat transfer
US6613427B1 (en) * 2001-10-04 2003-09-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Method for applying high emissivity coating
US7105047B2 (en) * 2003-05-06 2006-09-12 Wessex Incorporated Thermal protective coating
US6921431B2 (en) * 2003-09-09 2005-07-26 Wessex Incorporated Thermal protective coating for ceramic surfaces

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2791977A (en) * 1950-08-03 1957-05-14 Bernitz Furnace Appliance Comp Refractory burner rings for furnace walls
JPS61256110A (en) * 1985-05-04 1986-11-13 Shoei Seisakusho:Kk Radiant cup burner tile
US4759297A (en) * 1987-08-27 1988-07-26 Norton Company Furnace burner block
US5178921A (en) * 1991-09-03 1993-01-12 Inland Steel Company Burner block assembly and material
US6626663B1 (en) * 2002-08-16 2003-09-30 Fosbal Intellectual Ag Processes for redistributing heat flux on process tubes within process heaters, and process heaters including the same
WO2006129063A1 (en) * 2005-06-02 2006-12-07 Fosbel Intellectual Limited Methods and systems for enhanced destruction of volatile organic compounds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070207418A1 (en) 2007-09-06
AR059369A1 (en) 2008-03-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0187508B1 (en) High temperature surface combustion burner
US5848887A (en) Low emission combustion system
EP1979677B1 (en) Longevity and performance improvements to flare tips
US5154139A (en) Refractory tube block
US20070207418A1 (en) Refractory burner tiles having improved emissivity and combustion apparatus employing the same
US7204061B2 (en) Fireproof structure and installation method for protecting water pipes
US20070012233A1 (en) Incineration methods and apparatus for enhanced destruction of volatile organic compounds
US4935266A (en) Process and material for producing corrosion-resistant layers
CN100339673C (en) Blackbody furnace-producing material and heating furnace
US20070105060A1 (en) Industrial radiant heater
KR101215090B1 (en) combustion heater
CN100516666C (en) Honeycomb heater with infrared radiation function used on gas burner
US10488039B2 (en) Method for surface stabilized combustion (SSC) of gaseous fuel/oxidant mixtures and a burner design thereof
JPH0828830A (en) High temperature air burner
US11255538B2 (en) Radiant infrared gas burner
CN2627440Y (en) Furnace-building material with black body and heating-furnace kiln thereof
JP2003202100A (en) Surface temperature lowering method
JPH06281132A (en) Burner tile made of ceramic fiber
CN218178870U (en) Low-nitrogen industrial furnace with high power regulation ratio
JPH0996404A (en) Premix type high-load and low environmental pollution household gas burner
RU2250414C1 (en) Combustion chamber
EP0635692A1 (en) Radiative recuperation furnace system
JPH0544714Y2 (en)
CN202993530U (en) Boiler with multiple water jackets
KR960003691Y1 (en) Radiator pipe attaching circular plate typed heat-converted boby

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 07700365

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1