WO2008057715A1 - Device and/or user authentication for network access - Google Patents
Device and/or user authentication for network access Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008057715A1 WO2008057715A1 PCT/US2007/081340 US2007081340W WO2008057715A1 WO 2008057715 A1 WO2008057715 A1 WO 2008057715A1 US 2007081340 W US2007081340 W US 2007081340W WO 2008057715 A1 WO2008057715 A1 WO 2008057715A1
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- Prior art keywords
- authentication
- wireless device
- csn
- eap
- asn
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/10—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources
- H04L63/101—Access control lists [ACL]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/0892—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities by using authentication-authorization-accounting [AAA] servers or protocols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
- H04L9/3263—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements
- H04L9/3268—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements using certificate validation, registration, distribution or revocation, e.g. certificate revocation list [CRL]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/06—Authentication
- H04W12/069—Authentication using certificates or pre-shared keys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/0823—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using certificates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/16—Implementing security features at a particular protocol layer
- H04L63/162—Implementing security features at a particular protocol layer at the data link layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to communication systems and, in particular, to authenticating a wireless device by a connectivity service network (CSN) prior to granting access to an access service network (ASN).
- CSN connectivity service network
- ASN access service network
- WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
- NAPs Network Access Providers
- NSPs Network Service Providers
- WiMAX Devices will be manufactured with X.509 digital certificates from a trusted WIMAX device Certificate Authority so that the identity of these device can be strongly authenticated by both NAPs and NSPs.
- Access Providers are interested in validating the conformance of devices to the standards prior to admitting the devices onto their networks.
- identity of the user could also be authenticated with another credential such as a username- password combination, biometric data, a SmartCard or a removable SIM card.
- IEEE 802.16-2005 defined a method intended to support two
- EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol
- the method is called EAP after EAP, but it has not been included in the WiMAX Profile due to its complexity and interaction with the IEEE 802.16 air interface.
- EAP after EAP is complex in that one EAP method is completed successfully, establishing EAP keying material with a first Authentication Server, and then a second EAP method is initiated in which the keying material from the first session is used to authenticate the EAP messages for the second EAP method with a second Authentication Server.
- the establishment of these EAP sessions requires a substantial number of over-the-air messages.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram depiction of a wireless communication system in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram depiction of a wireless communication system in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a signaling flow diagram that depicts an authentication exchange by which authentication and validation of a wireless device and / or a subscription (for device-identity-based subscriptions) may occur, in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a signaling flow diagram that depicts two authentication exchanges by which authentication and validation of a wireless device and a user subscription may occur, in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a detailed signaling flow diagram that depicts one example of the sort of signaling by which authentication and validation of a wireless device may be attempted, in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a detailed signaling flow diagram that depicts one example of the sort of signaling by which authentication and validation of a wireless device and a user subscription may be attempted, in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGs. 1-6 Both the description and the illustrations have been drafted with the intent to enhance understanding. For example, the dimensions of some of the figure elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements, and well-known elements that are beneficial or even necessary to a commercially successful implementation may not be depicted so that a less obstructed and a more clear presentation of embodiments may be achieved.
- the signaling flow diagrams above are described and shown with reference to specific signaling exchanged in a specific order, some of the signaling may be omitted or some of the signaling may be combined, sub-divided, or reordered without departing from the scope of the claims. Thus, unless specifically indicated, the order and grouping of the signaling depicted is not a limitation of other embodiments that may lie within the scope of the claims
- a connectivity service network (CSN) authenticates and validates the device credential to establish a device identity.
- CSN connectivity service network
- the device identity may be used to validate a subscription.
- a second authentication exchange is performed using the encrypted connection established by the first authentication exchange (a.k.a, the outer exchange).
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram depiction of a wireless communication system 100 in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.
- standards bodies such as OMA (Open Mobile Alliance), 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), 3GPP2 (3rd Generation Partnership Project 2), IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802, and WiMAX Forum are developing standards specifications for wireless telecommunications systems. (These groups may be contacted via http://www.openmobilealliance.com, http://www.3gpp.org/, http://www.3gpp2.com/, http ://www.
- Communication system 100 represents a system having an architecture in accordance with one or more of the WiMAX Forum and/or IEEE 802 technologies, suitably modified to implement the present invention.
- Alternative embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in communication systems that employ other or additional technologies such as, but not limited to, those described in the OMA, 3GPP, and / or 3GPP2 specifications.
- Communication system 100 is depicted in a very generalized manner.
- access service network (ASN) 121 is shown communicating with wireless device 101 via wireless interface 111 , this interface being in accordance with the particular access technology utilized by ASN 121 , such as an IEEE 802.16-based wireless interface.
- CSN 131 is shown having network connectivity to ASN 121 and the Internet 140.
- FIG. 1 does not depict all of the physical fixed network components that may be necessary for system 100 to operate but only those system components and logical entities particularly relevant to the description of embodiments herein.
- FIG. 1 depicts ASN 121 and connectivity service network (CSN) 131 as respectively comprising processing units 123 and 133 and network interfaces 127 and 137.
- FIG. 1 depicts ASN 121 as comprising transceiver 125.
- components such as processing units, transceivers and network interfaces are well-known.
- processing units are known to comprise basic components such as, but neither limited to nor necessarily requiring, microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory devices, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and/or logic circuitry.
- ASICs application-specific integrated circuits
- Such components are typically adapted to implement algorithms and/or protocols that have been expressed using high-level design languages or descriptions, expressed using computer instructions, expressed using signaling flow diagrams, and/or expressed using logic flow diagrams.
- ASN 121 and CSN 131 represent known devices that have been adapted, in accordance with the description herein, to implement multiple embodiments of the present invention.
- aspects of the present invention may be implemented in and across various physical components and none are necessarily limited to single platform implementations.
- processing unit 123, transceiver 125, and network interface 127 may be implemented in or across one or more network components, such as one or more base stations (BSs) and/or ASN gateways.
- processing unit 133 and network interface 137 may be implemented in or across one or more network components, such as one or more routers, authentication proxies/servers, databases, and/or interworking gateway devices.
- Wireless device 101 and ASN 121 is shown communicating via a technology-dependent, wireless interface.
- Wireless devices subscriber stations (SSs) or user equipment (UEs), may be thought of as mobile stations (MSs); however, wireless devices are not necessarily mobile nor able to move.
- wireless device platforms are known to refer to a wide variety of consumer electronic platforms such as, but not limited to, mobile stations (MSs), access terminals (ATs), terminal equipment, mobile devices, gaming devices, personal computers, and personal digital assistants (PDAs).
- wireless device 101 comprises processing unit (105) and transceiver (107).
- wireless device 101 may additionally comprise a keypad (not shown), a speaker (not shown), a microphone (not shown), and a display (not shown).
- wireless device 101 represents a known device that has been adapted, in accordance with the description herein, to implement multiple embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is block diagram depiction of a wireless communication system 200 in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention. Communication system 200 is also depicted in a very generalized manner. Access provider network 220 is shown comprising Visited - Authentication, Authorization and Accounting Proxy Server (V-AAA) 223 and ASN 221 , which has a wireless interface 211 with MS 201. CSN 231 is shown comprising Home - Authentication, Authorization and Accounting Server (H-AAA) 235.
- V-AAA Visited - Authentication, Authorization and Accounting Proxy Server
- H-AAA Home - Authentication, Authorization and Accounting Server
- an ASN in conformance with WiMAX Forum specifications would require networking elements enabling it to provide WiMAX Layer-2 (L2) connectivity with a WiMAX MS, to support the transfer of EAP contained within AAA messages to the WiMAX subscriber's Home Network Service Provider (H-NSP) for authentication, authorization and session accounting for subscriber sessions, to provide policy and admission control based on device authentication, to support network discovery and selection of the WiMAX subscriber's preferred NSP, to support relay functionality for establishing Layer-3 (L3) connectivity with a WiMAX MS (i.e., IP address allocation), to provide radio resource management, to support ASN-CSN tunneling, to support ASN anchor mobility, to support CSN anchor mobility, and to provide paging and location management.
- L2 WiMAX Layer-2
- H-NSP Home Network Service Provider
- L3 connectivity i.e., IP address allocation
- an ASN may be shared by more than one CSN.
- a CSN in conformance with WiMAX Forum specifications would require networking elements enabling it to provide IP connectivity services to the WiMAX subscribers.
- Such a CSN may need to provide MS IP address and endpoint parameter allocation for user sessions, to provide access to the Internet, to provide policy and admission control based on device and or user subscription profiles, to support ASN- CSN tunneling, to support WiMAX subscriber billing and inter-operator settlement, to support inter-CSN tunneling for roaming, and to support inter- ASN mobility.
- a WiMAX CSN may also need to provide WiMAX services such as location based services, connectivity for peer-to-peer services, provisioning, authorization and/or connectivity to IP multimedia services and facilities to support lawful intercept services such as those compliant with Communications Assistance Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) procedures.
- Operation of embodiments in accordance with the present invention occurs substantially as follows, first with reference to FIG. 1. Having received a request for network access from wireless device 101 , ASN 121 requests CSN 131 to authenticate wireless device 101.
- a portion of processing unit 123 and network interface 127 may comprise a V- AAA (or some part thereof), a network authenticator, and/or a proxy authenticator.
- processing unit 133 and network interface 137 may comprise an H-AAA (or some part thereof) and/or a network authenticator.
- CSN processing unit 133 and wireless device processing unit 105 perform an authentication exchange via network interface 137, ASN 121 , and transceiver 107.
- CSN 131 requests a device credential from wireless device 101.
- CSN processing unit 133 attempts to establish an identity of the wireless device. If a device credential is obtained from the wireless device, establishing the device identity involves authenticating and validating the device credential.
- a digital certificate such as an X.509-compliant digit certificate is used.
- a digital certificate obtained from a WiMAX certificate authority and installed by a wireless device manufacturer may be used.
- device processing unit 105 requests a server credential from CSN processing unit 133 during the authentication exchange in order to validate the server.
- CSN processing unit 133 indicates to ASN processing unit 123, via network interfaces 127 and 137, authentication-related information for device 101. What information is indicated is highly dependent upon the embodiment.
- any of the following information may be indicated: the established identity of the wireless device (MAC address, e.g.), whether the wireless device was successfully authenticated and validated, whether a Certificate Revocation List (CRL) check was performed, a hardware version of the wireless device, a manufacturer of the wireless device, information obtained from the device credential, a network interoperability certification compliance grade (such as a WiMAX minimum certification grade), the identity of the root Certificate Authority, the entire contents of the subject identity or other WiMAX specific fields from within the device certificate that contain relevant identifying information, a session authentication key (such as a Master Session Key), an allowed QoS (quality of service), an allowed mobility class, mobility parameters, and/or accounting parameters.
- MAC address e.g.
- CTL Certificate Revocation List
- ASN processing unit 123 determines whether to grant access to device 101. What access policies may be used to determine network access will, of course, vary from one embodiment to the next, and may be dynamic or even varying in real-time with network conditions. ASN processing unit 123 then indicates to device processing unit 105 whether device 101 has been granted access or not.
- CSN 131 may in some embodiments also validate service subscription.
- CSN processing unit 133 may utilize a device identity obtained from the device credential to validate the device-identity- based subscription.
- CSN processing unit 133 may use an authentication exchange method that enables an encrypted connection, such as an encrypted tunnel, to be established between CSN processing unit 133 and device processing unit 105.
- Processing units 133 and 105 then use the encrypted connection to perform a second authentication exchange.
- CSN processing unit 133 requests a user subscription credential from device 101.
- Processing unit 105 provides a user subscription credential, which may take the form of a user name and password combination, biometric information, a preshared key, and/or subscriber identity information (such as from a SmartCard or a SIM card, e.g.), depending on the embodiment.
- CSN processing unit 133 attempts to validate the user subscription using the user subscription credential received.
- CSN processing unit 133 then proceeds to indicate to ASN processing unit 123 the authentication-related information for device 101.
- FIG. 3 is a signaling flow diagram 300 that depicts an authentication exchange by which authentication and validation of a wireless device and / or a subscription (for device-identity-based subscriptions) may occur, in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a much more detailed signaling flow diagram 500 that depicts one example of the sort of additional signaling that a WiMAX embodiment in accordance with signaling flow diagram 300 may utilize.
- a wireless device attempting to obtain network access via an access provider network (such as access provider network 220) performs some initial signaling to request access and perhaps begin an authentication process.
- An example of this sort of initial signaling is represented by signaling 510 in signaling flow diagram 500.
- the wireless device and the CSN then perform an authentication exchange 310 in which a device credential from the wireless device is authenticated and validated by the CSN to establish the identity of the wireless device.
- an authentication exchange 310 may be performed using an Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) method such as EAP-TLS (EAP - Transport Layer Security).
- EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol
- TLS EAP - Transport Layer Security
- An example of this is represented by signaling 520 and signaling flow diagram 500 in general.
- the CSN also performs subscription validation, it may use a device identity obtained from the device credential to validate a device-identity-based subscription.
- the CSN After performing device and / or subscription validation, the CSN indicates 320 to the access provider network authorization-related information regarding the device and the authentication exchange. The access provider network then determines whether to grant access to the wireless device based on the received indication and indicates 330 to the wireless device whether it has been granted network access or not.
- RADIUS a AAA protocol
- H- AAA authentication server
- AVPs Attribute Value Pairs
- the authenticator in the access provider network may inspect the Access-Accept data and make a determination based on local policy whether or not the device information present in the Access- Accept is sufficient to allow the device on the access provider network.
- the ASN may make a determination based on local policy whether or not the device information present in the Access-Accept is sufficient to allow the device access.
- V-AAA and/or ASN may be authentication policy enforcers.
- the access provider network may use one or more AVPs indicate its device access policy or simply to signal to the H-AAA that device authentication is requested.
- an AVP may indicate that if the H- AAA can not successfully authenticate the device, (i.e., device has no certificate or the certificate is invalid), the H-AAA should not accept authentication. Having this information, may allow the H-AAA to not perform device authentication if the CSN is not interested in performing device authentication and it knows that the ASN has not requested it.
- FIG. 4 is a signaling flow diagram 400 that depicts two authentication exchanges by which authentication and validation of a wireless device and a user subscription may occur, in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a much more detailed signaling flow diagram 600 that depicts one example of the sort of additional signaling that a WiMAX embodiment in accordance with signaling flow diagram 400 may utilize.
- a wireless device attempting to obtain network access via an access provider network (such as access provider network 220) performs some initial signaling to request access and perhaps begin an authentication process.
- An example of this sort of initial signaling is represented by signaling 610 in signaling flow diagram 600.
- the wireless device and the CSN then performs an authentication exchange 410 in which a device credential from the wireless device is authenticated and validated by the CSN to establish the identity of the wireless device.
- an authentication exchange may be performed using an Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) method such as EAP-TTLS (EAP - Tunneled Transport Layer Security) or PEAP (Protected EAP).
- EAP-TTLS EAP - Tunneled Transport Layer Security
- PEAP Protected EAP
- signaling 620 in signaling flow diagram 600.
- Both EAP-TTLS and PEAP utilize digital certificates to authenticate the server to the wireless device, and both offer the option of being able to request a digital certificate from the wireless device.
- the optional behavior of these protocols is utilized to retrieve the device credential, thereby enabling the validation of the device by the CSN and ultimately by the ASN.
- An EAP method such as EAP-TTLS or PEAP may be used as the outer EAP method, since both protocols are intended to create a secure path (i.e., an encrypted connection) through which a second (or inner) method of authentication may be performed.
- a secure path i.e., an encrypted connection
- multiple inner authentication exchanges may be performed via the encrypted connection.
- MS-CHAP-v2 Microsoft Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol version 2
- the EAP-TTLS tunnel encrypts and integrity checks the exchange of user identity and the challenge messages that are used as part of MS-CHAP-v2.
- the MS may perform an authentication exchange using many different methods. Some of these include: CHAP (Challenge Authentication-Handshake Protocol), MS-CHAP (Microsoft Challenge- Handshake Authentication Protocol), MS-CHAP-v2 (see RFC 2759), PAP (Password Authentication Protocol), EAP-SIM (Extensible Authentication Protocol for Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Subscriber Identity Modules) (see RFC 4186), EAP-AKA (Extensible Authentication Protocol Method for 3rd Generation Authentication and Key Agreement) (see RFC 4187), and EAP-PSK (Extensible Authentication Protocol a Pre-shared Key EAP Method) (see draft-bersani-eap-psk11.txt). IETF Request for Comments (RFC) documents and draft documents may be found via http://www.ietf.org/.
- authentication exchange 415 is performed using the encrypted connection between the CSN and the wireless device as a result of authentication exchange 410.
- the CSN validates a user subscription using the user subscription credential obtained from the wireless device during exchange 415.
- the CSN indicates 420 to the access provider network authorization-related information regarding the device and the authentication exchange.
- the access provider network determines whether to grant access to the wireless device based on the received indication and indicates 430 to the wireless device whether it has been granted network access or not.
- Three examples of this type of signaling are represented by signaling 630 in signaling flow diagram 600.
- the above description with respect to RADIUS signaling and authentication policy enforcement with respect to diagram 500 is also generally applicable diagram 600 (e.g., signaling 610 and 630).
- the term "comprises,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof is intended to refer to a nonexclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article of manufacture, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements in the list, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article of manufacture, or apparatus.
- the terms a or an, as used herein, are defined as one or more than one.
- the term plurality, as used herein, is defined as two or more than two.
- the term another, as used herein, is defined as at least a second or more.
- Some, but not all examples of techniques available for communicating or referencing the object being indicated include the conveyance of the object being indicated, the conveyance of an identifier of the object being indicated, the conveyance of information used to generate the object being indicated, the conveyance of some part or portion of the object being indicated, the conveyance of some derivation of the object being indicated, and the conveyance of some symbol representing the object being indicated.
- the terms program, computer program, and computer instructions, as used herein, are defined as a sequence of instructions designed for execution on a computer system.
- This sequence of instructions may include, but is not limited to, a subroutine, a function, a procedure, an object method, an object implementation, an executable application, an applet, a servlet, a shared library/dynamic load library, a source code, an object code and/or an assembly code.
Abstract
Description
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US11/556,408 | 2006-11-03 | ||
US11/556,408 US20080108322A1 (en) | 2006-11-03 | 2006-11-03 | Device and / or user authentication for network access |
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US (1) | US20080108322A1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20090093943A (en) |
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US10991196B2 (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2021-04-27 | Cfph, Llc | Verifying a first device is in communications with a server by storing a value from the first device and accessing the value from a second device |
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Also Published As
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US20080108322A1 (en) | 2008-05-08 |
CN101536480A (en) | 2009-09-16 |
KR20090093943A (en) | 2009-09-02 |
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