WO2008086725A1 - A liquid crystal three-dimensional plane compatible display - Google Patents

A liquid crystal three-dimensional plane compatible display Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008086725A1
WO2008086725A1 PCT/CN2008/000017 CN2008000017W WO2008086725A1 WO 2008086725 A1 WO2008086725 A1 WO 2008086725A1 CN 2008000017 W CN2008000017 W CN 2008000017W WO 2008086725 A1 WO2008086725 A1 WO 2008086725A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
crystal display
stereoscopic
plane compatible
image
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/000017
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Kaicheng He
Original Assignee
Kaicheng He
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kaicheng He filed Critical Kaicheng He
Publication of WO2008086725A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008086725A1/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G02F1/13471Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which all the liquid crystal cells or layers remain transparent, e.g. FLC, ECB, DAP, HAN, TN, STN, SBE-LC cells
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/22Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
    • G02B30/25Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528Polarisers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30Image reproducers
    • H04N13/332Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]
    • H04N13/337Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD] using polarisation multiplexing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1396Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, and more particularly to a stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display.
  • Sharp's SH251iS mobile phone is equipped with this 3D LCD. It is characterized by precisely arranging an "occlusion grating" in the liquid crystal to interfere with the travel of light. Accurate control of each of the light passing through the pixels, only visible to the right or left eye. Since the right eye and the left eye are different in viewing the angle of the liquid crystal, the angle difference is used to distribute the image to the right eye or the left eye, so that it is not necessary to wear the special glasses to see the stereoscopic image. However, the disadvantage is that if the angle of viewing the liquid crystal is different, since the effect of blocking the grating is weakened, the three-dimensional effect cannot be seen.
  • the method for realizing 3D images is basically the same as that of Sharp.
  • the most important point in the principle of liquid crystal display is the polarization characteristic of the light.
  • the liquid crystal is a liquid chemical.
  • the molecules will produce precise and orderly alignment, like the metal in the magnetic field. When affected by the external electric field. , the arrangement will change. If the alignment of the molecules is properly controlled, the liquid crystal molecules will adjust for the ability to allow polarized light to pass through. Whether it's a laptop or a desktop system, the light from the backlight layer of the screen passes through the first layer of polarization.
  • the filter layer then enters a liquid crystal layer containing thousands of liquid crystal droplets.
  • One or more cells in the liquid crystal layer constitute one pixel on the screen.
  • the distortion of the liquid crystal molecules changes accordingly, thereby controlling the deflection of the light passing therethrough, and then displaying the image on the screen through the filtering of the second polarized light filtering layer. Therefore, the angle of the polarization characteristic between the first polarizer and the second polarizer determines whether the light can be smoothly transmitted when the liquid crystal layer has no electric field.
  • the angle of the positive characteristic between the first polarizer and the second polarizer is 90 degrees, when the liquid crystal layer has no electric field, the light passes smoothly, and the screen is considered to be always bright.
  • the existing liquid crystal display technology mainly utilizes the polarization control characteristic of the liquid provided by the liquid crystal, the existing various liquid crystal display screens and liquid crystal projection devices are issued. All of them are linearly polarized light. The use of this feature will give full play to the potential of liquid crystal display technology. At present, most of the techniques for realizing stereoscopic liquid crystal display by photometry often require two liquid crystal displays or other complicated structures, which are expensive.
  • the utility model is not suitable for use, is not easy to be popularized, and is generally not compatible with an ordinary display or can not correctly display a flat image and a stereoscopic image at the same time.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the complicated structure and cost of the stereoscopic liquid crystal display in the prior art. High, practical, not easy to popularize, and generally not compatible with ordinary displays or flat images Insufficient display of the stereo image at the same time, providing a stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display.
  • Solution 1 A stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display, which adds a 90 degree light polarized liquid crystal torsion in odd or even rows of the ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 crystal display panel.
  • Scheme 2 A stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display, wherein the polarization characteristics of the incident polarizing plate and the outgoing polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel are vertically parallel, and the polarization characteristics of the odd and even rows are perpendicular to each other, and the liquid crystal guiding film is corresponding. ⁇ Interlaced vertical.
  • Scheme 3 A stereoscopic and flat liquid crystal display, wherein the polarization characteristics of the outgoing polarizer of the liquid crystal display panel are vertically parallel. If the circuit is not corrected, only the odd or even rows of the image displayed by the display are normal, and the remaining The line will display the image of the reversal film effect, so the image is required to be interlaced and inversely processed when the display is displayed, and the electric circuit is also modified and compensated accordingly.
  • the present invention is fully compatible with the existing flat display.
  • the displayed image forms odd and vertical lines into two images of horizontally and vertically polarized light, respectively, and has no influence in normal use, and the naked eye cannot Detecting the differences in the use of the screen, and correctly displaying the two types of composite images containing both planar and stereoscopic images.
  • it can be applied to all occasions such as TVs, monitors, displays, projection devices, digital cinema devices, etc., which are suitable for flat liquid crystal displays, and the cost is not large.
  • After the completion of the previous technology development it can be mass-produced, which will greatly popularize three-dimensional TV programs and expand applications in industries and technologies.
  • the invention is mature, realized and used in the actual stereoscopic display application, and only needs to wear a pair of polarized glasses when viewing a stereoscopic image, which has high popularity.
  • the invention has the advantages of fully utilizing the existing liquid crystal display technology and the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal, and by modifying the existing liquid crystal display, the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows of the displayed image respectively form two images of horizontally and vertically polarized light, thereby
  • the liquid crystal screen can display stereoscopic image information, and the image light emitted by the liquid crystal display forms two different polarized light images which are odd-numbered rows and even-numbered rows perpendicular to each other, and are respectively sent to the left and right eyes, and stereoscopic vision is formed according to the spectroscopy stereoscopic principle. It does not have any effect in normal plane use, and both planar and stereoscopic images can be correctly displayed at the same time.
  • Figure 1- -1 Stereoscopic diagram of the working principle of ordinary liquid crystal.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the normal working principle of liquid crystal.
  • Figure 1--3 Schematic diagram of a common polarizing film and a modified odd-line vertical polarizing film.
  • Figure 2- -1 Adding the interlaced liquid crystal torsion layer plane on the ordinary LCD screen.
  • Figure 2--2 Schematic diagram of the LCD screen of the modified polarizer.
  • Figure 2--3a Schematic diagram of the principle of the LCD screen after the transformation of the polarizer.
  • Figure 2- -3c Graphical display of the LCD screen after modification of the outgoing polarizer and circuit correction.
  • Figure 3-1 A complete three-dimensional image of the image.
  • Figure 3--2 Schematic diagram of two images of compressed stereo.
  • Figure 3--3 Schematic diagram of two images of stitching stereo.
  • Figure 3- -4 The compressed two images are pulled apart in an interlaced manner.
  • FIG. 3--5 The screen displays two images of the stereo image.
  • a 90-degree light-polarized liquid crystal twist layer is added to the odd-numbered column or the even-numbered column of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the outgoing polarizing plate is as close as possible to the original liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal panel.
  • the stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display has corresponding display control hardware and special playback software.
  • the stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display has a corresponding encoding and playback system for stereoscopic image programs.
  • the encoding system is: two views of the left and right eyes of the stereoscopic image program, compressed and deformed, and then stitched together into a complete full-frame image, according to the existing mpg-2, mpg-4 or H.264/AVC A system that encodes in the usual way.
  • the playback system is: software that interlaces and plays back the stereoscopic image that is played back according to the resolution of the current playback, and when it is working in a non-full-screen state, the software that can define the odd-line behavior of the display window of the playback software can be defined. Or a system that performs decoding playback of hardware.
  • Figure 2-1 shows a cross-sectional view of the working principle of adding a liquid crystal light interlaced torsion layer, in which part A is the basic structure of the liquid crystal, and part B is the added part.
  • part A of Figure 2-1 is the working principle of conventional liquid crystal, light passing through 1 incident light polarizing film - 2 glass -> 3 guiding film - 4 liquid crystal -> 5 guiding film -> 6 glass -> 7 out In each layer of the polarizing film, the light is twisted by 4 liquid crystals, and when emitted, the amplitude of the light has been twisted by an angle of 90 degrees.
  • Part B is an addition to the invention.
  • the working principle is as follows: When the pipeline is ejected from the seventh layer, it is interlaced. A layer of liquid crystal torsion layer is added. The upper part of Fig. 2-1 is a row with crystallized deflection.
  • Light 1 1 First enter the guiding film 8 -> enter the liquid crystal layer 10, the light is twisted 90 degrees -> reaches the next guiding film 11 - and then emitted by the glass 12, is twisted 90 degrees.
  • the liquid crystal portion of the torsion layer is only about 6 microns thick, added to the screen backlight source after the liquid crystal screen exits the polarizer.
  • the untwisted ray is in the lower part of Fig. 2-1, and the path is: ray 1 2 first enters the guiding film 8 -> enters the optical loss compensation layer 9 -) reaches the next guiding film 11, and then is shot by the glass 12
  • the stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display provided in the first case, as shown in Figure 2-1, the adjacent two screens display linearly polarized light perpendicular to each other, so that the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows can be included in the three-dimensional letter by ordinary polarized glasses.
  • the images of the left and right eyes of J> are simply separated, and will not flicker, and the imaging is stable and the effect is good.
  • This program can also use liquid crystal display
  • the principle is the same when the 90-degree polarized liquid crystal torsion layer is added to the odd-numbered column or the even-numbered column.
  • the feature of this scheme is that the structural modification of the liquid crystal display is simple, the cost is low, and the implementation is relatively easy.
  • the corresponding incident polarizing plate and the 7a outgoing polarizing plate are processed by the corresponding interlaced vertical polarization process, and the liquid crystal 3a and 5a guiding films are also correspondingly processed. Interlaced processing is perpendicular to each other. After that, the whole liquid crystal display works normally, the light 1 1 , 1 2 passes through the polarizing plate 1 > 2 glass 1 > 3a liquid crystal guiding plate 1 4 liquid crystal twist 90 degrees a > 5a guiding plate a > 6 glass one ⁇ Since the polarization of la and 7a is perpendicular to each other, the light is twisted by 90 degrees and sent out.
  • the liquid crystal is also rotated 90 degrees, so all the circuit work does not change, the principle and method of imaging has not changed, the quality is basically not affected. (The upper and lower viewing angles of the liquid crystal display will be different.) However, the imaged light is interlaced and vertically polarized. There is no difference in normal flat display. When polarized glasses are worn, the three-dimensional left and right views are immediately separated. .
  • the liquid crystal panel can be understood as two liquid crystal screens of different polarization characteristics which are combined in an interlaced manner.
  • Figure 2 - 3a is the unpowered state
  • light 1 1 passes through a polarizing plate - 2 glass -> 3 liquid crystal guide plate _ 4 liquid crystal torsion 90 degrees.
  • —> 5 guide plate one> 6 glass one> la and 7a this part is parallel to each other, when the power is not applied, the light is twisted by the liquid crystal 90 Degree, perpendicular to 7a, so light cannot pass through the long dark state.
  • the display in this area is controlled according to the normal image matrix, the image displayed in this area will be inverted (black is white, color is complementary), and the upper part of Figure 2 - 3b is powered.
  • the liquid crystals are arranged in parallel in the electric field.
  • the principle of the light path is as follows: Figure 2-3a is the unpowered state, the light 1 1 passes through a polarizing plate, a glass, a glass, a liquid crystal guide plate, a liquid crystal, and a liquid crystal 5 Guide plate 1> 6 glass 1> 7a is parallel with light, so light can pass at this time.
  • the normal display image requires corresponding adjustment of the display matrix control circuit, and the method of interlaced inversion control of the liquid crystal is adopted, that is, the power of the original power is normally applied during the dark operation.
  • the normality of the image is related to the linearity of the liquid crystal, which can be corrected by the matching circuit), so this method is used to achieve the display.
  • the direction of polarization of the light is also interlaced with each other so that the two stereoscopic left and right views can be separated.
  • the liquid crystal screen can be understood as: the liquid crystal screens of the two characteristics of constant light and constant dark are combined in an interlaced manner.
  • the interlaced or interlaced liquid crystal torsion layer added in the screen and the exit polarization in the second and third embodiments should be added as much as possible in the first scheme. Keep the light film as close as possible to the original liquid crystal layer in the LCD panel, increase the upper and lower viewing angles, and avoid display errors.
  • the light emitted by the image displayed by the stereoscopic-compatible liquid crystal display at any time is mutually orthogonally polarized light.
  • the stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display can simultaneously correctly display two t-type composite images including planar and stereoscopic images.
  • the c-plane compatible liquid crystal display can be interlaced and played back by the corresponding playback control hardware or by special software for the playback of the stereo image according to the resolution of the current playback.
  • the start window of the playback software can be defined as an odd line.
  • the stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display has a corresponding encoding and playback system of the stereoscopic image program
  • the common advantages of the above three schemes are: Fully compatible with existing liquid crystal flat panel displays. According to the existing liquid crystal display production technology, after the pre-production production process is completed, mass production can be carried out, and 3D stereoscopic TV programs and programs will be greatly popularized. Expanding industrial, scientific and other aspects of the field - # ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ; ⁇ manufacturing, the liquid can be produced for the above three programs
  • the crystal display is modified and adjusted accordingly to make the display effect and physical characteristics more perfect.
  • the invention is simple to use in practical applications, requiring only a pair of mutually perpendicular polarizing eyes 3 ⁇ 4.
  • the photo-dissection stereoscopic display technology is an extremely mature 'system.
  • the invention is realized on the basis of the increasingly perfect liquid crystal display technology. The technical difficulty is not very high and has high popularity.
  • the computer image processing technology has been quite perfect.
  • the invention proposes that the image compression and decompression module design adopts three video compression schemes which are the most advanced and widely used in the current application, and one of them can be selected from one to adapt to different environments and different environments. demand. .
  • MPEG-2 was developed specifically for digital TV and soon became the most successful video compression standard to date.
  • MPEG-2 meets the requirements of standard progressive video (where the video sequence consists of a series of frames acquired at regular intervals) and meets the needs of interlaced video commonly used in the television field. Interlaced video alternately captures and displays two sets of alternating pixels in the image (each group is called a field). .
  • the second is the MPEG-4 scheme with the best image compression quality and the most advanced algorithm.
  • the image quality is good, and the compression ratio is low, which is suitable for network transmission performance.
  • H. 264/AVC has made a huge breakthrough in compression efficiency, and generally achieves approximately 2 times the compression efficiency of MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 simplified classes. Provides support for HD playback.
  • the display manufactured according to the present invention needs corresponding display control hardware when playing back the data containing the stereoscopic image information compressed in this manner (generally used in television, etc. - simple Control and operation areas) and specialized playback software (generally used in digital fields such as computers), 'According to existing graphic technologies, development is not difficult.
  • the technical requirements and working principle are as follows: When the data containing the stereoscopic image information is decoded and restored into a full-frame image containing two stereoscopic information, the image data in the image buffer will be increased by one. Processing: The upper left image AL and the right eye image AR are respectively formed into an odd field and an even field according to the currently displayed resolution (Fig.

Abstract

A liquid crystal three-dimensional plane compatible display includes a liquid crystal panel, and the 90-degree light polarization liquid crystal twisted layer (10) is added to the odd number rows or the even number rows of the liquid crystal panel. Another liquid crystal three-dimensional plane compatible display includes a liquid crystal panel. The polarization characteristics of the incidence polarizing sheet (1a) and the outgoing polarizing sheet (7a) of the liquid crystal panel are perpendicular by interlacing with the alignment films (3a, 5a) being corresponding processed perpendicularly by interlacing. So the light polarization characteristics of the odd number rows and even number rows are perpendicular to each other. Still another liquid crystal three-dimensional plane compatible display includes a liquid crystal panel. The polarization characteristic of the outgoing polarizing sheet (7a) of the liquid crystal panel is perpendicular by interlacing, then when the display displays, images are processed by interlacing and mirror reverse, and the circuits of the display are correspondingly corrected and compensated.

Description

一种立体平面兼容液晶显示器 技术领域  Stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display
本发明涉及一种液晶显示器, 尤其是指一种立体平面兼容液晶显示器。  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, and more particularly to a stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display.
背景技术 Background technique
随着液晶技术的发展, 很多科学家就开始在考虑是否能够直接运用 3D眼镜的这一原 理, 而直接在液晶显示器上实现该功能。 目前最为现实的是由飞利浦和夏普共同创导的技 术, 而采用该技术制造出的第一款成功商品化的 3D液晶显示器也已经推出市场。 这是利用在液晶的最表层添加了数组透镜, 而在这层凸透镜数组上形成影像。 其中每 个透镜以液晶画素成一个小的角度摆放, 采用了 3D液晶技术后, 并不改变原来的 RGB (红 绿蓝)颜色, 只是将 RGB液晶 Cell (单个显示像素块)让不同眼睛利用透镜观察到不同的 颜色。 再加上根据特殊的算法, 在液晶 Cell (单个显示像素块) 中形成不同颜色, 而最终 形成影像, 确保让观看者在左、 右眼上形成不同的图像, 这样一来就可以看到逼真的三维 效果。 但这样的多焦点影像极易造成眼睛疲劳, 尤其是动态影像时经常造成观视者出现晕 眩、 呕吐感等不适现象。 最早发表并展示 3D液晶笔记型计算机产品是夏普在 1993年, 利用安装在普通液晶内 侧的 「开关液晶」 逐点地错开光线的前进方向, 以使不同光线分别到达左右两眼、 进行立 体显示。 如果关闭开关液晶, 还能像普通液晶显示器一样进行平面显示。 夏普发表的 SH251iS手机中正是配备了这种 3D液晶。 特点是在液晶中精确配置用来干扰光线行进的 "遮挡光栅"。 准确控制遮蔽每一个透过画素的光线, 只让右眼或左眼看到。 由于右眼和 左眼观看液晶的角度不同, 利用这一角度差, 将影像分配给右眼或左眼, 这样就不必戴上. 专用的眼镜便可以看到立体图像。 不过, 缺点是如果观看液晶的角度不同, 因为遮挡光栅 的效果减弱, 而无法看到三维效果来。 面对这样的问题, 三洋电机开发出不受观看角度影 响的的大型立体影像 3D显示器, 实现 3D影像的方法基本上与夏普相同。 液晶显示原理中最重要的一点就是利用的光的偏振特性, 液晶是一种液体状的化学物 质, 其分子会产生精确的有序排列, 象磁场中的金属一样,. 当受到外界电场影响时, 排列 会发生变化。 如果对分子的排列加以适当的控制, 液晶分子将会对允许偏振光线穿越能力 进行调整。 无论是笔记本电脑还是桌面系统, 屏幕的背光层发出的光线在穿过第一层偏振 过滤层之后进入包含成千上万液晶滴的液晶层。 液晶层中一个或多个单元格构成屏幕上的 一个像素。 当 LCD中的电极产生电场时, 液晶分子扭曲就会产生相应变化, 从而将穿越其 中的光线进行可控制的偏转, 然后经过第二层偏振光过滤层的过滤在屏幕上显示出图像 来。 所以第一偏振光片与第二偏振光片之间的偏正特性的角度将决定在液晶层无电场作用 时光是否可顺利透过。 通常, 第一偏振光片与第二偏振光片之间的偏正特性的角度为 90 度时, 液晶层无电场作用时光^ "顺利透过, 此时认为屏幕是常亮型。 角度为 0时, 光线不 能通过, 此时认为屏幕是常暗型。 由于现有的液晶显示技术中主要是利用液晶具备的对光 的偏振控制特性, 所以现有的各种液晶显示屏、 液晶投影设备发出的均是线性偏振光。 利 用这一特性将能够很好地发挥出液晶显示技术的潜力。 目前大多数分光法实现立体液晶显 示的技术往往需要两个液晶显示屏或其他复杂结构, 造价高昂、 实用性不强、 不易普及, . 且一般不能兼容普通显示器或不能让平面的图像和立体的图像同时正确显示。 . 发明内容 本发明的目的就是要解决现有技术中立体液晶显示器结构复杂, 造价高昂、 实用性不 强、 不易普及, 且一般不能兼容普通显示器或不能让平面的图像和立体的图像同时正确显 示的不足, 提供一种立体平面兼容液晶显示器。 With the development of liquid crystal technology, many scientists have begun to consider whether this principle can be directly applied to 3D glasses, and directly implement this function on the liquid crystal display. At present, the most realistic is the technology jointly created by Philips and Sharp, and the first successful commercial 3D LCD display manufactured by this technology has also been launched. This is done by adding an array lens to the outermost layer of the liquid crystal and forming an image on the convex lens array. Each of the lenses is placed at a small angle with the liquid crystal pixels. After using the 3D liquid crystal technology, the original RGB (red, green, and blue) colors are not changed, but the RGB liquid crystal cells (single display pixel blocks) are used for different eyes. The lens observes a different color. In addition, according to a special algorithm, different colors are formed in the liquid crystal Cell (single display pixel block), and finally the image is formed, so that the viewer can form different images on the left and right eyes, so that the realistic image can be seen. The three-dimensional effect. However, such multi-focus images are extremely prone to eye fatigue, especially in motion pictures, which often cause discomfort such as dizziness and vomiting. The earliest published and displayed 3D LCD notebook computer product was Sharp. In 1993, the "switching liquid crystal" mounted on the inside of ordinary liquid crystal was used to stagger the direction of light from the point of view, so that different light rays could reach the left and right eyes and perform stereoscopic display. If the switch liquid crystal is turned off, the flat display can be performed like a normal liquid crystal display. Sharp's SH251iS mobile phone is equipped with this 3D LCD. It is characterized by precisely arranging an "occlusion grating" in the liquid crystal to interfere with the travel of light. Accurate control of each of the light passing through the pixels, only visible to the right or left eye. Since the right eye and the left eye are different in viewing the angle of the liquid crystal, the angle difference is used to distribute the image to the right eye or the left eye, so that it is not necessary to wear the special glasses to see the stereoscopic image. However, the disadvantage is that if the angle of viewing the liquid crystal is different, since the effect of blocking the grating is weakened, the three-dimensional effect cannot be seen. Faced with such problems, Sanyo Electric has developed a large-scale stereoscopic 3D display that is not affected by the viewing angle. The method for realizing 3D images is basically the same as that of Sharp. The most important point in the principle of liquid crystal display is the polarization characteristic of the light. The liquid crystal is a liquid chemical. The molecules will produce precise and orderly alignment, like the metal in the magnetic field. When affected by the external electric field. , the arrangement will change. If the alignment of the molecules is properly controlled, the liquid crystal molecules will adjust for the ability to allow polarized light to pass through. Whether it's a laptop or a desktop system, the light from the backlight layer of the screen passes through the first layer of polarization. The filter layer then enters a liquid crystal layer containing thousands of liquid crystal droplets. One or more cells in the liquid crystal layer constitute one pixel on the screen. When an electrode in the LCD generates an electric field, the distortion of the liquid crystal molecules changes accordingly, thereby controlling the deflection of the light passing therethrough, and then displaying the image on the screen through the filtering of the second polarized light filtering layer. Therefore, the angle of the polarization characteristic between the first polarizer and the second polarizer determines whether the light can be smoothly transmitted when the liquid crystal layer has no electric field. Generally, when the angle of the positive characteristic between the first polarizer and the second polarizer is 90 degrees, when the liquid crystal layer has no electric field, the light passes smoothly, and the screen is considered to be always bright. The angle is 0. At this time, the light cannot pass, and the screen is considered to be a normally dark type. Since the existing liquid crystal display technology mainly utilizes the polarization control characteristic of the liquid provided by the liquid crystal, the existing various liquid crystal display screens and liquid crystal projection devices are issued. All of them are linearly polarized light. The use of this feature will give full play to the potential of liquid crystal display technology. At present, most of the techniques for realizing stereoscopic liquid crystal display by photometry often require two liquid crystal displays or other complicated structures, which are expensive. The utility model is not suitable for use, is not easy to be popularized, and is generally not compatible with an ordinary display or can not correctly display a flat image and a stereoscopic image at the same time. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to solve the complicated structure and cost of the stereoscopic liquid crystal display in the prior art. High, practical, not easy to popularize, and generally not compatible with ordinary displays or flat images Insufficient display of the stereo image at the same time, providing a stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display.
本发明的上述目的采用如下三个技术方案实现:  The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following three technical solutions:
方案一: 一种立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其 ί¾晶显示面板奇数行或偶数行中添加 90 度光偏振液晶扭转屠。  Solution 1: A stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display, which adds a 90 degree light polarized liquid crystal torsion in odd or even rows of the ί3⁄4 crystal display panel.
方案二: 一种立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其液晶显示面板的入射偏振片和出射偏振片 的偏振特性隔行垂直, 其奇数行和偶数行的光偏振特性为互相垂直, 其液晶导向膜也相应 . ― 隔行垂直。  Scheme 2: A stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display, wherein the polarization characteristics of the incident polarizing plate and the outgoing polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel are vertically parallel, and the polarization characteristics of the odd and even rows are perpendicular to each other, and the liquid crystal guiding film is corresponding. ― Interlaced vertical.
方案三: 一种立体平面兼寧液晶显示器, 其液晶显示面板的出射偏振片的偏振特性隔 行垂直, 此时如果不对电路作修正, 显示器显示的图像只有奇数行或偶数行是正常的, 剩 余的行将显示出反转片效果的图像, 所以需要显示器显示时对图像作隔行反像处理, 且电: 二 路也作相应的修改、 补偿。 '  Scheme 3: A stereoscopic and flat liquid crystal display, wherein the polarization characteristics of the outgoing polarizer of the liquid crystal display panel are vertically parallel. If the circuit is not corrected, only the odd or even rows of the image displayed by the display are normal, and the remaining The line will display the image of the reversal film effect, so the image is required to be interlaced and inversely processed when the display is displayed, and the electric circuit is also modified and compensated accordingly. '
本发明对现有的平面显示完全兼容, 通过上述方法实施后, 显示的图像将奇数行和偶 数行分别形成水平和垂直偏振光的两幅图像, 在普通使用中不会有任何影响, 肉眼无法察 . 觉出屏幕使用上的差异, 可同时正确显示包含平面的和立体的图像的两种类型复合的图 像, 可适用在目前平面液晶显示所适用的包括电视、 监视器、 显示器、 投影设备、 数字电 影设备等所有场合, 且成本不大。 前期的技术开发完成后, 可批量生产, 将极大地普及三 维立体电视节目和拓展工业、 科技等各方面的应用。 该发明在实际立体显示应用中所涉及 技术成熟、实现和使用简单,观看立体图像时只需佩戴一副偏振光眼镜,有很高的普及性。 The present invention is fully compatible with the existing flat display. After being implemented by the above method, the displayed image forms odd and vertical lines into two images of horizontally and vertically polarized light, respectively, and has no influence in normal use, and the naked eye cannot Detecting the differences in the use of the screen, and correctly displaying the two types of composite images containing both planar and stereoscopic images. For example, it can be applied to all occasions such as TVs, monitors, displays, projection devices, digital cinema devices, etc., which are suitable for flat liquid crystal displays, and the cost is not large. After the completion of the previous technology development, it can be mass-produced, which will greatly popularize three-dimensional TV programs and expand applications in industries and technologies. The invention is mature, realized and used in the actual stereoscopic display application, and only needs to wear a pair of polarized glasses when viewing a stereoscopic image, which has high popularity.
本发明的优点在于充分利用了现有的液晶显示技术和液晶的光学特征, 通过改造现有 的液晶显示器,实现显示的图像奇数行和偶数行分别形成水平和垂直偏振光的两幅图像, 从而使液晶屏能够显示立体图像信息, 使液晶显示器发出的图像光形成奇数行和偶数行相 互垂直的两幅不同偏振光图像, 分别送到左右眼中, 根据分光法耷体视觉原理形成立体视 觉。 在普通平面使用中不会有任何影响, 且可以同时正确显示平面和立体的两种类型的图 像。 附图说明  The invention has the advantages of fully utilizing the existing liquid crystal display technology and the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal, and by modifying the existing liquid crystal display, the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows of the displayed image respectively form two images of horizontally and vertically polarized light, thereby The liquid crystal screen can display stereoscopic image information, and the image light emitted by the liquid crystal display forms two different polarized light images which are odd-numbered rows and even-numbered rows perpendicular to each other, and are respectively sent to the left and right eyes, and stereoscopic vision is formed according to the spectroscopy stereoscopic principle. It does not have any effect in normal plane use, and both planar and stereoscopic images can be correctly displayed at the same time. DRAWINGS
图 1- -1: 普通液晶工作原理立体示意图。  Figure 1- -1: Stereoscopic diagram of the working principle of ordinary liquid crystal.
图 1- -2: 普通液晶工作原理平面示意图。  Figure 1--2: Schematic diagram of the normal working principle of liquid crystal.
图 1- -3: 普通偏光膜与改进过的奇偶行垂直偏光膜示意图。  Figure 1--3: Schematic diagram of a common polarizing film and a modified odd-line vertical polarizing film.
图 2- -1: 在普通液晶屏面增加隔行液晶光扭转层平面^^意图。  Figure 2- -1: Adding the interlaced liquid crystal torsion layer plane on the ordinary LCD screen.
图 2- -2: 经过改造出、 入射偏光片的液晶屏平面示意图。  Figure 2--2: Schematic diagram of the LCD screen of the modified polarizer.
图 2- -3a: : 经过改造出射偏光片的液晶屏显示原理平面示意图。  Figure 2--3a: : Schematic diagram of the principle of the LCD screen after the transformation of the polarizer.
图 2- -3b; : 经过改造出射偏光片的液晶屏显示 J^、理平面示意图。  Figure 2 - 3b; : The LCD screen of the modified polarizer shows J^ and the plane diagram.
: 图 2- -3c: : 经过改造出射偏光片和电路修正的液晶屏平面显示示意图。  : Figure 2- -3c: : Graphical display of the LCD screen after modification of the outgoing polarizer and circuit correction.
图 3- -1: 完整的立体两幅图像示意图。  Figure 3-1: A complete three-dimensional image of the image.
图 3- -2: 压缩的立体两幅图像示意图。  Figure 3--2: Schematic diagram of two images of compressed stereo.
图 3- -3: 拼接立体两幅图像示意图。  Figure 3--3: Schematic diagram of two images of stitching stereo.
图 3- -4: 将压缩的立体两幅图像按隔行方式拉开示意图。  Figure 3- -4: The compressed two images are pulled apart in an interlaced manner.
图 3- -5: 屏幕显示立体两幅图像示意图。  Figure 3--5: The screen displays two images of the stereo image.
具体实施方式 液晶屏幕的出射偏振片和本发明的液晶添加层尽量靠近液晶面板的原有液晶层。 detailed description The outgoing polarizing plate of the liquid crystal screen and the liquid crystal addition layer of the present invention are as close as possible to the original liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal panel.
其液晶显示面板奇数列或偶数列中添加 90度光偏振液晶扭转层。  A 90-degree light-polarized liquid crystal twist layer is added to the odd-numbered column or the even-numbered column of the liquid crystal display panel.
所述的出射偏振片尽量靠近液晶面板的原有液晶层。  The outgoing polarizing plate is as close as possible to the original liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal panel.
所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器有对应的显示控制硬件和专门的回放软件。  The stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display has corresponding display control hardware and special playback software.
所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器有对应的立体图像节目的编码、 回放系统。  The stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display has a corresponding encoding and playback system for stereoscopic image programs.
所述的编码系统是: 将立体图像节目的左右眼的两幅视图, 压缩变形后一上一下拼接 成一幅完整的全幅图像, 按现有的 mpg-2, mpg-4或 H. 264/AVC等方式按常 的方式进行编 码的系统。  The encoding system is: two views of the left and right eyes of the stereoscopic image program, compressed and deformed, and then stitched together into a complete full-frame image, according to the existing mpg-2, mpg-4 or H.264/AVC A system that encodes in the usual way.
所述的回放系统是: 对所回放的立体图像按当前回放的分辨率大小进 隔行处理、 回 放, 且其在非全屏状态下工作时, 可界定回放软件的显示窗口起始行为奇数行的软件或硬 件进行解码回放的系统。  The playback system is: software that interlaces and plays back the stereoscopic image that is played back according to the resolution of the current playback, and when it is working in a non-full-screen state, the software that can define the odd-line behavior of the display window of the playback software can be defined. Or a system that performs decoding playback of hardware.
' 以下结合附图对本发明进行详细描述, 但不是对本发明的限制。  The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but without limitation.
实施例 1 ― Example 1 ―
对方案一详述如下: ―  The details of the program 1 are as follows: ―
图 2-1所示为加入液晶光线隔行扭转层的工作原理横截面图, 其中 A部分为液晶原有 . 的基本构造, B部分为加入的部分。 其中, 图 2-1的 A部分为常规的液晶工作原理, 光线 通过 1入射光偏光膜一〉 2玻璃一〉 3导向膜一〉 4液晶一〉 .5导向膜一〉 6玻璃一〉 7出 射偏光膜各层, 光线经由 4液晶的扭转, 在射出时, 光的振幅已经被扭转了 90度的角度 Figure 2-1 shows a cross-sectional view of the working principle of adding a liquid crystal light interlaced torsion layer, in which part A is the basic structure of the liquid crystal, and part B is the added part. Among them, part A of Figure 2-1 is the working principle of conventional liquid crystal, light passing through 1 incident light polarizing film - 2 glass -> 3 guiding film - 4 liquid crystal -> 5 guiding film -> 6 glass -> 7 out In each layer of the polarizing film, the light is twisted by 4 liquid crystals, and when emitted, the amplitude of the light has been twisted by an angle of 90 degrees.
(也可参考图 1-1 )。 B部分为本发明增加部分, 工作原理为: 管线射出第.7层时, 隔行再 . 加入一层液晶光线扭转层, 图 2-1中上部为有加 晶偏转的行该部分光线通路为:光线 1 1 . 先进入导向膜 8—〉 进入液晶层 10, 光线被扭转 90度一〉 到达下一导向膜 11一〉 再由玻 璃 12射出, 被扭转 90度。 所述扭转层的液晶部分约只有 6微米厚, 添加在液晶屏幕出射 偏振片之后 按屏幕背光源通过次序)。而未经扭转的行光线在图.2-1中为下部, 通路为: 光线 1 2先进入导向膜 8-〉 进入光损耗补偿层 9 -) 到达下一导向膜 11, 再由玻璃 12射 (Also refer to Figure 1-1). Part B is an addition to the invention. The working principle is as follows: When the pipeline is ejected from the seventh layer, it is interlaced. A layer of liquid crystal torsion layer is added. The upper part of Fig. 2-1 is a row with crystallized deflection. Light 1 1 . First enter the guiding film 8 -> enter the liquid crystal layer 10, the light is twisted 90 degrees -> reaches the next guiding film 11 - and then emitted by the glass 12, is twisted 90 degrees. The liquid crystal portion of the torsion layer is only about 6 microns thick, added to the screen backlight source after the liquid crystal screen exits the polarizer. The untwisted ray is in the lower part of Fig. 2-1, and the path is: ray 1 2 first enters the guiding film 8 -> enters the optical loss compensation layer 9 -) reaches the next guiding film 11, and then is shot by the glass 12
 ,
出, 偏正方向未变。 Out, the positive direction has not changed.
案一提供的立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 如图 2-1所示, 相邻的两条屏幕显示线偏振 光相互垂直, 故通过普通的偏振眼镜就可以把奇数行和偶数行分别为包含立体信 J>的左右 眼的图像简单地分离出来, 并且不会闪烁, 成像稳定、 效果好。 本方案也可以采用液晶显 示面板奇数列或偶数列中添加 90度光偏振液晶扭转层的方式进行设计制造, 原理相同。 此方案的特点是液晶显示器结构改造简单, 成本较低, 实现较容易。 The stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display provided in the first case, as shown in Figure 2-1, the adjacent two screens display linearly polarized light perpendicular to each other, so that the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows can be included in the three-dimensional letter by ordinary polarized glasses. The images of the left and right eyes of J> are simply separated, and will not flicker, and the imaging is stable and the effect is good. This program can also use liquid crystal display The principle is the same when the 90-degree polarized liquid crystal torsion layer is added to the odd-numbered column or the even-numbered column. The feature of this scheme is that the structural modification of the liquid crystal display is simple, the cost is low, and the implementation is relatively easy.
实施例 2 Example 2
对方案二详述如下:  The details of Option 2 are as follows:
如图 2-2所示: 在制造液晶显示屏时, 即对 la入射偏振片和 7a出射偏振片进行对应 的隔行垂直相互偏振工艺加工制作, 同时液晶的 3a和 5a导向膜也要进行相应的隔行相互 垂直处理。 之后, 这样整个液晶显示屏的工作正常无异, 光 1 1、 1 2通过 la偏光板一〉 2玻璃一〉 3a液晶导向板一〉 4液晶扭转 90度一〉 5a导向板一〉 6玻璃一〉 由于 la与 7a 此部分偏光相互垂直的状态, 光扭转了 90度刚好送出。 因为对应的位置 (同一像素) 内 外两个偏光膜是同时转 90度的状态, 液晶也是旋转 90度, 故所有的电路工作不作改变, 成像的原理和方式也没变化, 质量也基本不受到影响 (液晶显示的上下和左右的视角会有. 所差异), 但成像的光却是隔行相互垂直偏振的, 正常平面显示时使用没有区别, 戴上偏 振光眼镜, 立体的左右视图马上就分开了。  As shown in Figure 2-2: When manufacturing the liquid crystal display, the corresponding incident polarizing plate and the 7a outgoing polarizing plate are processed by the corresponding interlaced vertical polarization process, and the liquid crystal 3a and 5a guiding films are also correspondingly processed. Interlaced processing is perpendicular to each other. After that, the whole liquid crystal display works normally, the light 1 1 , 1 2 passes through the polarizing plate 1 > 2 glass 1 > 3a liquid crystal guiding plate 1 4 liquid crystal twist 90 degrees a > 5a guiding plate a > 6 glass one 〉 Since the polarization of la and 7a is perpendicular to each other, the light is twisted by 90 degrees and sent out. Because the corresponding position (the same pixel) inside and outside the two polarizing films are rotated 90 degrees at the same time, the liquid crystal is also rotated 90 degrees, so all the circuit work does not change, the principle and method of imaging has not changed, the quality is basically not affected. (The upper and lower viewing angles of the liquid crystal display will be different.) However, the imaged light is interlaced and vertically polarized. There is no difference in normal flat display. When polarized glasses are worn, the three-dimensional left and right views are immediately separated. .
此时, 液晶屏可以理解为两块不同偏振特性的液晶屏幕以隔行的方式复合在一起。 实施例 3 . -o  At this time, the liquid crystal panel can be understood as two liquid crystal screens of different polarization characteristics which are combined in an interlaced manner. Example 3 -o
对方案三详述如下:  Details of Option 3 are as follows:
此方案与普通液晶显示器的区别就在于出射光偏振片不是整张的同一方向,而是隔行 垂直的(如图 1- 3b), 此时的液晶显示屏实际上是奇数场合偶数场分别处在常亮和长 暗两种工作模式的混合产物(这里假定奇数场是长暗, 如图: 2- 3a和图 2- 3b的虚线 上半部; f禹数场是长亮的模式, 如图: 2-3a和图 2-3b的虚线下半部)。 正常普通常 亮的液晶显示器两个偏光膜的光导向是相互垂直的, 如图' 1-1和图 1-2的 1与 7, 也 就是如图: 2-3a和图 2-3b的虚线下半部区域, 属于目前液晶采用的工作方式, 在这 种情况下不加电时光可通过, 屏幕是亮的, 光通路原理为: 图 2- 3a为不加电状态, 光 1 2通过 1偏光板一〉 2玻璃一〉 3液晶导向板一〉 4液晶扭转 90度一〉 5导向板 ―) 6玻璃一〉 由于 la与 7a此部分偏光相互垂直的状态, 光扭转了 90度刚好送出。 The difference between this scheme and the ordinary liquid crystal display is that the outgoing light polarizing plate is not in the same direction of the whole sheet, but is interlaced vertically (as shown in Fig. 1-3b). At this time, the liquid crystal display is actually an odd number even occasion. A mixture of two working modes: constant bright and long dark (this assumes that the odd field is long dark, as shown in the figure: 2- 3a and the upper half of the dotted line in Figure 2 - 3b; f 禹 field is a long bright mode, as shown : 2-3a and the lower half of the dotted line in Figure 2-3b). The light guiding of the two polarizing films of the normally bright liquid crystal display is perpendicular to each other, as shown in Fig. 1-1 and Figs. 1 and 7, which are the dotted lines of Fig. 2-3a and Fig. 2-3b. The lower half area belongs to the working mode of the current liquid crystal. In this case, the light can pass when no power is applied, and the screen is bright. The principle of the light path is as follows: Figure 2 - 3a is the unpowered state, and the light 1 2 passes 1 Polarizer 1> 2 glass 1> 3 liquid crystal guide plate> 4 liquid crystal torsion 90 degrees a> 5 guide plate --) 6 glass a > Since the polarization of la and 7a is perpendicular to each other, the light is twisted 90 degrees just sent out.
而如图: 2-3a和图 2- 3b的虚线上半部区域则刚好相反, 光通路原理为: 图 2- 3a为 不加电状态, 光 1 1通过 1偏光板一〉 2玻璃一〉 3液晶导向板 _ 4液晶扭转 90度 . —〉 5导向板一〉 6玻璃一〉 la与 7a此部分相互平行, 不加电时光被液晶扭转了 90 度, 与 7a垂直, 所以光无法通过属于长暗状态。 此区域内显示器如按正常的图像矩 阵控制工作, 则会出现该区域显示的图像是反相图像(黑的是白的, 颜色也是互补的 状态)的情况, 图 2- 3b上部为加电状态, 液晶在电场中被排列平行, 光通路原理为: 图 2-3a为不加电状态, 光 1 1通过 1偏光板一〉 2玻璃一〉 3液晶导向板一〉 4液晶 扭转 90度一〉 5导向板一〉 6玻璃一〉 7a与光平行, 所以此时光可以通过。 综上作 述:这种方式要正常显示图像要求对显示器矩阵控制电路作相应的调整,采用隔行反 相控制液晶的方式, 也即: 在此常暗行工作时原先加电与否核电量的大小均倒过来, 重新得到正常的图像(在这种情况下, 图像的正常与否与液晶的透光线性有关, 这可 以用配套的电路进行校正补偿), 故采用此方式来达到显示出来的光的偏振方向也是 隔行相互垂直的, 使得两幅立体的左右视图能够有了得以分开的基础。 As shown in the figure: 2-3a and Figure 2 - 3b, the upper half of the dotted line is just the opposite. The principle of the light path is: Figure 2 - 3a is the unpowered state, light 1 1 passes through a polarizing plate - 2 glass -> 3 liquid crystal guide plate _ 4 liquid crystal torsion 90 degrees. —> 5 guide plate one> 6 glass one> la and 7a this part is parallel to each other, when the power is not applied, the light is twisted by the liquid crystal 90 Degree, perpendicular to 7a, so light cannot pass through the long dark state. If the display in this area is controlled according to the normal image matrix, the image displayed in this area will be inverted (black is white, color is complementary), and the upper part of Figure 2 - 3b is powered. The liquid crystals are arranged in parallel in the electric field. The principle of the light path is as follows: Figure 2-3a is the unpowered state, the light 1 1 passes through a polarizing plate, a glass, a glass, a liquid crystal guide plate, a liquid crystal, and a liquid crystal 5 Guide plate 1> 6 glass 1> 7a is parallel with light, so light can pass at this time. To sum up: in this way, the normal display image requires corresponding adjustment of the display matrix control circuit, and the method of interlaced inversion control of the liquid crystal is adopted, that is, the power of the original power is normally applied during the dark operation. The size is reversed and the normal image is regained (in this case, the normality of the image is related to the linearity of the liquid crystal, which can be corrected by the matching circuit), so this method is used to achieve the display. The direction of polarization of the light is also interlaced with each other so that the two stereoscopic left and right views can be separated.
此时,液晶屏可以理解为:常亮与常暗两种特性的液晶屏幕以隔行的方式复合在 一起。  At this time, the liquid crystal screen can be understood as: the liquid crystal screens of the two characteristics of constant light and constant dark are combined in an interlaced manner.
在实际使用中, 由于考虑到上下视角的问题, 为了有更好的显示效果, 应尽量使得方 案一中的在屏幕中添加的隔行或隔列液晶光扭转层和方案二、 三中的出射偏振光片尽量靠 近液晶面板中原有的液晶层, 增大上下视角, 且避免出现显示错误。  In actual use, due to the consideration of the upper and lower viewing angles, in order to have a better display effect, the interlaced or interlaced liquid crystal torsion layer added in the screen and the exit polarization in the second and third embodiments should be added as much as possible in the first scheme. Keep the light film as close as possible to the original liquid crystal layer in the LCD panel, increase the upper and lower viewing angles, and avoid display errors.
以上方案都具有如下技术效果:  The above solutions all have the following technical effects:
a) 所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器在任何时候显示的图像所发出的光为 隔行相互垂直的偏振光。  a) The light emitted by the image displayed by the stereoscopic-compatible liquid crystal display at any time is mutually orthogonally polarized light.
b) 所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器能同时正确显示包含平面的和立体的 图像的两 t类型复合的图像。  b) The stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display can simultaneously correctly display two t-type composite images including planar and stereoscopic images.
" c) 所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器可自身带有对应的显示控制硬件或由 专门的软件,对所回放的立体图像按当前回放的分辨率大小进行隔行处 理、 回放。其在非全屏状态下工作时, 可界定回放软件的显示窗口起始 行为奇数行。  The c-plane compatible liquid crystal display can be interlaced and played back by the corresponding playback control hardware or by special software for the playback of the stereo image according to the resolution of the current playback. When working, the start window of the playback software can be defined as an odd line.
d) 所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器有对应的立体图像节目的编码、回放系  d) the stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display has a corresponding encoding and playback system of the stereoscopic image program
统。  System.
以上三种方案的共同优点是: 对现有的液晶平面显示器完全兼容, 根据现有的液晶显 示器生产技术, 前期的生产工艺调试完成后, 即可批量生产, 将极大地普及三维立体电视 节目和拓展工业、 科技等各方面的应田- # Ι¾Φ;^制造中, 可对以上三种方案生产的液 晶显示器作相应的修正和调整, 使得显示效果和物理特性更加完善。 该发明在实际应用中 使用简单, 只需佩戴一副相互垂直的偏振光眼 ¾。 光分法立体显示技术是极其成熟的一个' 系统, 该发明是在液晶显示技术日趋完善的基础上实现的, 技术难度不是很高, 有很高的 普及性。 The common advantages of the above three schemes are: Fully compatible with existing liquid crystal flat panel displays. According to the existing liquid crystal display production technology, after the pre-production production process is completed, mass production can be carried out, and 3D stereoscopic TV programs and programs will be greatly popularized. Expanding industrial, scientific and other aspects of the field - # Ι 3⁄4Φ; ^ manufacturing, the liquid can be produced for the above three programs The crystal display is modified and adjusted accordingly to make the display effect and physical characteristics more perfect. The invention is simple to use in practical applications, requiring only a pair of mutually perpendicular polarizing eyes 3⁄4. The photo-dissection stereoscopic display technology is an extremely mature 'system. The invention is realized on the basis of the increasingly perfect liquid crystal display technology. The technical difficulty is not very high and has high popularity.
根据现有的计算机图像处理技术, 配合本发明的立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 设计出一 种实用、 简单的立体图像数据压缩、 存储、 还原、 回放 ^有效方法, 使得该发明的普及应 用成为极大的可能。  According to the existing computer image processing technology, with the stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display of the present invention, a practical and simple method for compressing, storing, restoring and playing back stereoscopic image data is designed, so that the popular application of the invention becomes enormous. Possible.
:$:体图像压缩、 保存、 还原、 回放技术具体做法如下:  :$: Volume image compression, save, restore, playback technology is as follows:
计算机图像处理技术已经相当完善, 本发明提出配套的图像压缩、 解压缩模块设计采 用目前最先进、 应用领域较广的三种视频压缩方案, 使用时可以从中选择一种, 以适应不 同环境和不同需求。 . .  The computer image processing technology has been quite perfect. The invention proposes that the image compression and decompression module design adopts three video compression schemes which are the most advanced and widely used in the current application, and one of them can be selected from one to adapt to different environments and different environments. demand. .
一是 MPEG-2 专门针对数字电视而开发, 很快成为了迄今最成功的视频压缩标准。 MPEG-2 既能够满足标准逐行视频的需求(其中视频序列由一系列按一定时间间隔采集的 帧构成), 又能够满足电视领域常用的隔行视频的需求。 隔行视频交替采集及显示图像中 两组交替的像素(每组称为一个场)。 .  First, MPEG-2 was developed specifically for digital TV and soon became the most successful video compression standard to date. MPEG-2 meets the requirements of standard progressive video (where the video sequence consists of a series of frames acquired at regular intervals) and meets the needs of interlaced video commonly used in the television field. Interlaced video alternately captures and displays two sets of alternating pixels in the image (each group is called a field). .
二是图像压缩质量最好、 算法最先进的 MPEG-4方案, 该方案图像质量好, 便压缩比 较低, 适用于网络传输性能良好的情^。  The second is the MPEG-4 scheme with the best image compression quality and the most advanced algorithm. The image quality is good, and the compression ratio is low, which is suitable for network transmission performance.
三是 H. 264/AVC , H. 264/AVC 在压缩效率方面取得了巨大突破, 一般情况下达到 MPEG- 2及 MPEG-4简化类压缩效率的大约 2倍。 提供了对高清回放的支持。  Third, H. 264/AVC, H. 264/AVC has made a huge breakthrough in compression efficiency, and generally achieves approximately 2 times the compression efficiency of MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 simplified classes. Provides support for HD playback.
基于以上三种压缩方式, 在数据的压缩保存中, 我们对立体显示.中同一时间左右眼两 幅不同的画面(图 3-1 ) '作如下处理: 将左眼图像 AL与右眼图像 AR均作纵向变形压缩, 使得两画面只有原先的一半高度(图 3-2), 然后在拼接左眼图像 AL与右眼图像 AR, 比如 左眼图像 AL在上, 右眼图像 AR在下 (图 3-3), 形成包含两幅立体信息的全幅图像, 然后 按上述的常规的视频压缩处理技术进行处理, 即可用于存储、 交换等。  Based on the above three compression methods, in the compression and storage of data, we perform the following processing on two different pictures (Fig. 3-1) of the same time and left eye in the stereoscopic display: the left eye image AL and the right eye image AR Both are longitudinally deformed and compressed so that the two pictures have only the original half height (Fig. 3-2), and then the left eye image AL and the right eye image AR are stitched together, for example, the left eye image AL is on, and the right eye image AR is below (Fig. 3). -3), forming a full-size image containing two pieces of stereoscopic information, and then processing according to the conventional video compression processing technique described above, which can be used for storage, exchange, and the like.
由于立体显示原理、 技术已经比较成熟, 按本发明制造的显示器在对此方式压缩的包 含立体图像信息的数据进行回放时, 需有的对应的显示控制的硬件(一般指使用在电视等 - 简单控制、 操作的领域)和专门的回放软件 (一般指使用在计算机等数字领域), '裉据现 有的图型技术, 开发并不难。 其技术要求和工作原理如下: 当包含立体图像信息的数据被 解码还原、成包含两幅立体信息的全幅图像时, 在图像缓冲区中的此幅图像数据将增加一个 处理: 将一上一下的左眼图像 AL与右眼图像 AR按当前显示的分辨率分别形成奇数场和偶 数场 (图 3-4), 然后进行回放(图 3-5)。 实际回放中, 虽然两幅立体信息图像被压缩了- 一半信息量, 但人脑在接收到压缩了的左右两幅图像时依然会在脑中还原成立体图像, 并 且清晰度并没有减半, 恢复到全幅状态。 Since the stereoscopic display principle and technology have been relatively mature, the display manufactured according to the present invention needs corresponding display control hardware when playing back the data containing the stereoscopic image information compressed in this manner (generally used in television, etc. - simple Control and operation areas) and specialized playback software (generally used in digital fields such as computers), 'According to existing graphic technologies, development is not difficult. The technical requirements and working principle are as follows: When the data containing the stereoscopic image information is decoded and restored into a full-frame image containing two stereoscopic information, the image data in the image buffer will be increased by one. Processing: The upper left image AL and the right eye image AR are respectively formed into an odd field and an even field according to the currently displayed resolution (Fig. 3-4), and then played back (Fig. 3-5). In actual playback, although the two stereoscopic image images are compressed - half the amount of information, the human brain will still restore the volume image in the brain when receiving the compressed left and right images, and the resolution is not halved. Return to full size.
尽管已经对照本发明的示例性实施例详细示出和描述了本发明, 但是本领域技术人员 应该明白, 在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下, 可以在其中做出形式和细节上的各种 改变。  While the invention has been illustrated and described with respect to the embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention Various changes.

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 Claims
、 一种立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其特征在于:其液晶显示面板奇数行或 偶数行中添加 90度光偏振液晶扭转层。 A three-dimensional plane compatible liquid crystal display, characterized in that a liquid crystal display panel is provided with a 90-degree light-polarized liquid crystal twist layer in odd or even rows.
、 一种立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其特征在于, 其液晶显示面板的入射偏 振片和出射偏振片的偏振特性隔行垂直,其奇数行和偶数行的光偏振特 性为互相垂直, 其液晶导向膜也相应隔行垂直。 A stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display, characterized in that the polarization characteristics of the incident polarizing plate and the outgoing polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel are vertically parallel, and the polarization characteristics of the odd and even rows of the liquid crystal display panel are perpendicular to each other, and the liquid crystal guiding film is also Correspondingly interlaced vertically.
、 一种立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其特征在于, 其液晶显示面板的出射偏 振片的偏振特性隔行垂直, 显示器显示时则对图像作隔行反像处理, 显 示器电路也作相应的修改、 补偿。 A stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display, characterized in that the polarization characteristic of the exiting polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel is vertically parallel, and the image is interlaced and inversely processed when the display is displayed, and the display circuit is also modified and compensated accordingly.
、 根据权利要求 ί所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其特征是: 液晶屏幕 的出射偏振片和本发明的液晶添加层尽量靠近液晶面板的原有液晶层。 The stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the outgoing polarizing plate of the liquid crystal screen and the liquid crystal addition layer of the present invention are as close as possible to the original liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal panel.
、 根据权利要求 1所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其特征是: 其液晶显 示面板奇数列或偶数列中添加 90度光偏振液晶扭转层。 The stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein a liquid crystal display panel is provided with a 90-degree light polarization liquid crystal twist layer in an odd column or an even column.
、 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其特征是: 所述 的出射偏振片靠近液晶面板的原有液晶层。 The stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the outgoing polarizing plate is adjacent to the original liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal panel.
、 根据权利要求 1、 2.或 3所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其特征是:所述的 立体平面兼容液晶显示器有对应的显示控制硬件和专门的回放软件。 The stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display has corresponding display control hardware and special playback software.
、 据权利要求 1、 2或 3所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其特征是:.所述的立 体平面兼容液晶显示器有对应的立体图像节目的编码、 回放系统。 ' 、 根据权利要求 8的所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其特征是: 所述的编码 系统是: 将立体图像节目的左右眼的两幅视图, 压缩变形后一上一下拼接成 一幅完整的全幅图像, 按现有的 mpg- 2, mpg- 4或 H. 264/AVC等方式按常规的 方式进行编码的系统。 The stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display has a corresponding stereoscopic image program encoding and playback system. The three-dimensional plane compatible liquid crystal display according to claim 8, wherein: the encoding system is: two views of the left and right eyes of the stereoscopic image program, which are compressed and deformed, and then stitched together to form a complete image. Full-frame image, a system that encodes in the usual manner in the manner of existing mpg-2, mpg-4 or H.264/AVC.
、根据权利要求 8的所述的立体平面兼容液晶显示器, 其特征是 Γ所述的回放. 系统是:对所回放的立体图像按当前回放的分辨率大小进行隔行处理、回放, 且其在非全屏状态下工作时, 可界定回放软件的显示窗口起始行为奇数行的-: 软件或硬件进行解码回放的系统。  The stereoscopic plane compatible liquid crystal display according to claim 8, wherein the playback system is: interlacing and playing back the stereoscopic image being played back according to the resolution of the current playback, and When working in full-screen mode, the display window of the playback software can be defined as the starting line of odd-numbered lines: software or hardware for decoding playback.
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