WO2009039491A1 - Light emitting diode recessed light fixture - Google Patents
Light emitting diode recessed light fixture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009039491A1 WO2009039491A1 PCT/US2008/077212 US2008077212W WO2009039491A1 WO 2009039491 A1 WO2009039491 A1 WO 2009039491A1 US 2008077212 W US2008077212 W US 2008077212W WO 2009039491 A1 WO2009039491 A1 WO 2009039491A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- led
- led package
- module
- lighting fixture
- recessed
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
- F21V21/02—Wall, ceiling, or floor bases; Fixing pendants or arms to the bases
- F21V21/04—Recessed bases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
- F21S8/02—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
- F21S8/02—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters
- F21S8/026—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters intended to be recessed in a ceiling or like overhead structure, e.g. suspended ceiling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/003—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array
- F21V23/007—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array enclosed in a casing
- F21V23/009—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array enclosed in a casing the casing being inside the housing of the lighting device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
- F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
- F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
- F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
- F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
- F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
- F21V29/75—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with fins or blades having different shapes, thicknesses or spacing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
- F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
- F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
- F21V29/78—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with helically or spirally arranged fins or blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/04—Optical design
- F21V7/09—Optical design with a combination of different curvatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/37—Converter circuits
- H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
- H05B45/382—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] with galvanic isolation between input and output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
- H05B47/185—Controlling the light source by remote control via power line carrier transmission
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V15/00—Protecting lighting devices from damage
- F21V15/01—Housings, e.g. material or assembling of housing parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
- F21V21/02—Wall, ceiling, or floor bases; Fixing pendants or arms to the bases
- F21V21/04—Recessed bases
- F21V21/048—Mounting arrangements for fastening lighting devices to false ceiling frameworks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to recessed luminaires, and more particularly, to a light emitting diode downlight can fixture for a recessed luminaire.
- a luminaire is a system for producing, controlling, and/or distributing light for illumination.
- a luminaire can include a system that outputs or distributes light into an environment, thereby allowing certain items in that environment to be visible.
- Luminaires are often referred to as "light fixtures”.
- a recessed light fixture is a light fixture that is installed in a hollow opening in a ceiling or other surface.
- a typical recessed light fixture includes hanger bars fastened to spaced-apart ceiling supports or joists.
- a plaster frame extends between the hanger bars and includes an aperture configured to receive a lamp housing or "can" fixture.
- Traditional recessed light fixtures include a lamp socket coupled to the plaster frame and/or the can fixture.
- the lamp socket receives an incandescent lamp or compact fluorescent lamp ("CFL") discussed above.
- CFL compact fluorescent lamp
- the traditional lamp screws into the lamp socket to complete an electrical connection between a power source and the lamp.
- CFL Incandescent lamp sockets
- CFLs fit in existing incandescent lamp sockets and generally use less power to emit the same amount of visible light as incandescent lamps.
- CFLs include mercury, which complicates disposal of the CFLs and raises environmental concerns.
- LED light emitting diode
- LEDs are solid state lighting devices that have higher energy efficiency and longevity than both incandescent lamps and CFLs.
- LEDs do not fit in existing incandescent lamp sockets and generally require complex electrical and thermal management systems. Therefore, traditional recessed light fixtures have not used LED light sources. Accordingly, a need currently exists in the art for a recessed light fixture that uses an LED light source.
- the invention provides a recessed light fixture with an LED light source.
- the light fixture includes a housing or "can" within which an LED module is mounted.
- the LED module includes a single LED package that generates all or substantially all the light emitted by the recessed light fixture.
- the LED package can include one or more LEDs mounted to a common substrate.
- Each LED is an LED die or LED element that is configured to be coupled to the substrate.
- the LEDs can be arranged in any of a number of different configurations.
- the LEDs can be arranged in a round-shaped area having a diameter of less than two inches or a rectangular-shaped area having a length of less than two inches and a width of less than two inches.
- the LED package can be thermally coupled to a heat sink configured to transfer heat from the LEDs.
- the heat sink can have any of a number of different configurations.
- the heat sink can include a core member extending away from the LED package and fins extending from the core member.
- Each fin can include a curved, radial portion and/or a straight portion.
- each fin can include a radial portion that extends from the core member, and a straight portion that further extends out from the radial portion.
- heat from the LEDs can be transferred along a path from the LEDs to the core member, from the core member to the radial portions of the fms, from the radial portions of the fins to their corresponding straight portions, and from the corresponding straight portions to a surrounding environment. Heat also can be transferred by convection directly from the core member and/or the fins to one or more gaps between the fins.
- the LED package can be coupled directly to the core member or to another member disposed between the LED package and the core member.
- a reflector housing can be mounted substantially around the LED package.
- the reflector housing can be coupled to the heat sink and/or the can.
- the reflector housing can be configured to receive a reflector and to serve as a secondary heat sink for the LED module.
- the reflector housing can be at least partially composed of a conductive material for transmitting heat away from the LED package.
- the reflector can be composed of any material for reflecting, refracting, transmitting, or diffusing light from the LED package.
- the reflector can comprise a specular, semi-specular, semi-diffuse, or diffuse finish, such as gloss white paint or diffuse white paint.
- the reflector can have any of a number of different configurations.
- a cross-sectional profile of the reflector can have a substantially bell-shaped geometry that includes a smooth curve comprising an inflection point. Top and bottom portions of the curve are disposed on opposite sides of the inflection point. To meet a requirement of a top-down flash while also creating a smooth, blended light pattern, the bottom portion of the curve can be more diverging than the top portion of the curve.
- An optic coupler can be mounted to the reflector housing, for covering electrical connections at the substrate of the LED package and/or for guiding or reflecting light emitted by the LED package.
- the optic coupler can include a member with a central channel that is aligned with one or more of the LEDs of the LED package such that the channel guides light emitted by the LEDs while portions of the member around the channel cover the electrical connections at the substrate of the LED package.
- the optic coupler can have any of a number of different geometries that may or may not correspond to a configuration of the LED package.
- the portion of the optic coupler around the channel can have a substantially square, rectangular, rounded, conical, or frusto-conical shape.
- the reftrofit applications can include placing the LED module in an existing LED or non-LED fixture.
- the LED module can further include a member comprising a profile that substantially corresponds to an interior profile of a can of the non-LED fixture such that the member creates a junction box between the member and a top of the can when the LED module is mounted in the can.
- a person can electrically couple an Edison base adapter to both the existing, non-LED fixture and the LED module.
- a person can cut at least one wire to remove an Edison base from the existing fixture, cut at least one other wire to remove an Edison screw-in plug from the Edison base adapter, and connect together the cut wires to electrically couple the Edison base adapter and the existing fixture.
- a person can release a socket from the existing fixture and screw the Edison base adapter into the socket to electrically couple the Edison base adapter and the existing fixture.
- the junction box can house the Edison base adapter and at least a portion of the wires coupled thereto.
- Figure 1 is an elevational top view of hanger bars, a plaster frame, a can, and a junction box of a recessed lighting fixture, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 2 is an elevational cross-sectional side view of the recessed lighting fixture of Figure 1, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 3 is an elevational side view of an LED module of a recessed lighting fixture, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 4 is an elevational top view of the LED module of Figure 3, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 5 is an elevational cross-sectional side view of the LED module of Figure 3, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 6 is a perspective side view of the LED module of Figure 3, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 7 is an elevational bottom view of the LED module of Figure 3, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 8 is a perspective exploded side view of the LED module of
- Figure 9 is an elevational cross-sectional top view of a heat sink of the
- LED module of Figure 3 in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 10 illustrates a thermal scan of the heat sink of the LED module of Figure 3, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 11 is a perspective side view of a reflector housing of the LED module of Figure 3, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 12 is a perspective side view of a reflector being inserted in the reflector housing of Figure 1 1 , in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 13 is a perspective side view of a trim ring aligned for installation with the reflector housing of Figure 1 1, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 14 is a flow chart diagram illustrating a method for installing the LED module of Figure 3 in an existing, non-LED fixture, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 15 is a perspective side view of the LED module of Figure 3 connected to a socket of an existing, non-LED fixture via an Edison base adapter, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 16 is an elevational side view of the Edison base adapter of
- Figure 17 is a perspective top view of an optic coupler of the LED module of Figure 3, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 18 is a perspective bottom view of the optic coupler of Figure
- Figure 19 is a perspective top view of an optic coupler of the LED module of Figure 3, in accordance with certain alternative exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 20 is an exaggerated depiction of a profile of the reflector, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 1 is an elevational top view of hanger bars 105, a plaster frame 1 10, a can-shaped receptacle for housing a light source (a "can") 115, and a junction box 120 of a recessed lighting fixture 100, according to certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 2 is an elevational cross-sectional side view of the hanger bars 105, plaster frame 110, can 115, and junction box 120 of the recessed lighting fixture 100 of Figure 1 , in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- the hanger bars 105 are configured to be mounted between spaced supports or joists (not shown) within a ceiling (not shown). For example, ends of the hanger bars 105 can be fastened to vertical faces of the supports or joists by nailing or other means.
- the hanger bars 105 can include integral fasteners for attaching the hanger bars 105 to the supports or joists, substantially as described in co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 10/090,654, titled "Hanger Bar for Recessed Luminaires with Integral Nail," and U.S. Patent Application No. 12/122,945, titled “Hanger Bar for Recessed Luminaires with Integral Nail," the complete disclosures of which are hereby fully incorporated herein by reference.
- the hanger bars 105 can have adjustable lengths.
- Each hanger bar 105 includes two inter-fitting members 105a and 105b that are configured to slide in a telescoping manner to provide a desired length of the hanger bar 105.
- a person of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure will recognize that many other suitable means exist for providing adjustable length hanger bars 105.
- one or more of the hanger bars described in U.S. Patent No. 6,105,918, titled "Single Piece Adjustable Hanger Bar for Lighting Fixtures,” the complete disclosure of which is hereby fully incorporated herein, may be utilized in the lighting fixture 100 of Figure 1.
- the plaster frame 1 10 extends between the hanger bars 105 and includes a generally rectangular, flat plate 1 10a with upturned edges 110b.
- the flat plate HOa can rest on a top surface of the ceiling.
- the junction box 120 is mounted to a top surface 1 lOaa of the flat plate 110a.
- the junction box 120 is a box-shaped metallic container that typically includes insulated wiring terminals and knock-outs for connecting external wiring (not shown) to an LED driver (not shown) disposed within the can 115 of the light fixture 100 or elsewhere within the light fixture 100.
- the plaster frame 110 includes a generally circular-shaped aperture 1 10c sized for receiving at least a portion of the can 1 15 therethrough.
- the can 115 typically includes a substantially dome-shaped member configured to receive an LED module (not shown) that includes at least one LED light source (not shown).
- the aperture 110c provides an illumination pathway for the LED light source.
- the aperture 1 10c can have another, non-circular shape that corresponds to an outer profile of the can 115.
- Figures 3-8 illustrate an exemplary LED module 300 of the recessed lighting fixture 100 of Figure 1.
- the exemplary LED module 300 can be configured for installation within the can 115 of the lighting fixture 100 of Figure 1.
- the LED module 300 includes an LED package 305 mounted to a heat sink 310.
- the LED package 305 may be mounted directly to the heat sink 310 or with one or more other components mounted in-between the LED package 305 and the heat sink 310.
- the LED package 305 includes one or more LEDs mounted to a common substrate 306.
- the substrate 306 includes one or more sheets of ceramic, metal, laminate, circuit board, mylar, or another material. Each LED includes a chip of semi-conductive material that is treated to create a positive-negative ("p-n") junction.
- a blue or ultraviolet LED can include gallium nitride ("GaN”) or indium gallium nitride (“InGaN”)
- a red LED can include aluminum gallium arsenide (“AlGaAs)
- a green LED can include aluminum gallium phosphide (“AlGaP”).
- GaN gallium nitride
- InGaN indium gallium nitride
- AlGaAs aluminum gallium arsenide
- AlGaP aluminum gallium phosphide
- the LED package 305 can include one or more white LED's and one or more non-white LEDs, such as red, yellow, amber, or blue LEDs, for adjusting the color temperature output of the light emitted from the fixture 100.
- a yellow or multi-chromatic phosphor may coat or otherwise be used in a blue or ultraviolet LED to create blue and red-shifted light that essentially matches blackbody radiation.
- the emitted light approximates or emulates "white," incandescent light to a human observer.
- the emitted light includes substantially white light that seems slightly blue, green, red, yellow, orange, or some other color or tint.
- the light emitted from the LEDs in the LED package 305 has a color temperature between 2500 and 5000 degrees Kelvin.
- an optically transmissive or clear material (not shown) encapsulates at least a portion of the LED package 305 and/or each LED therein.
- This encapsulating material provides environmental protection while transmitting light from the LEDs.
- the encapsulating material can include a conformal coating, a silicone gel, a cured/curable polymer, an adhesive, or some other material known to a person of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure.
- phosphors are coated onto or dispersed in the encapsulating material for creating white light.
- the white light has a color temperature between 2500 and 5000 degrees Kelvin.
- the LED package 305 includes one or more arrays of LEDs that are collectively configured to produce a lumen output from 1 lumen to 5000 lumens in an area having less than two inches in diameter or in an area having less than two inches in length and less than two inches in width.
- the LED package 305 is a CL-L220 package, CL- L230 package, CL-L240 package, CL-L102 package, or CL-L190 package manufactured by Citizen Electronics Co., Ltd.
- the LED module 300 has one light source that produces a lumen output that is equivalent to a variety of lamp types, such as incandescent lamps, in a source that takes up a smaller volume within the fixture.
- lamp types such as incandescent lamps
- the LEDs can be arranged in any geometry.
- the LEDs can be arranged in circular or rectangular geometries in certain alternative exemplary embodiments.
- the LEDs in the LED package 305 are attached to the substrate 306 by one or more solder joints, plugs, epoxy or bonding lines, and/or other means for mounting an electrical/optical device on a surface.
- the substrate 306 is mounted to a bottom surface 310a of the heat sink 310 by one or more solder joints, plugs, epoxy or bonding lines, and/or other means for mounting an electrical/optical device on a surface.
- the substrate 306 can be mounted to the heat sink 310 by a two-part arctic silver epoxy.
- the substrate 306 is electrically connected to support circuitry (not shown) and/or the driver 315 for supplying electrical power and control to the LED package 305.
- one or more wires can couple opposite ends of the substrate 306 to the driver 315, thereby completing a circuit between the driver 315, substrate 306, and LEDs.
- the driver 315 is configured to separately control one or more portions of the LEDs to adjust light color or intensity.
- the heat sink 310 is configured to manage heat output by the LEDs in the LED package 305.
- the heat sink 310 is configured to conduct heat away from the LEDs even when the lighting fixture 100 is installed in an insulated ceiling environment.
- the heat sink 310 is composed of any material configured to conduct and/or convect heat, such as die cast metal.
- Figure 9 is an elevational cross-sectional top view of the exemplary heat sink 310.
- Figure 10 illustrates a thermal scan of the exemplary heat sink 310 in operation.
- the bottom surface 310a of the heat sink 310 includes a substantially round member 310b with a protruding center member 310c on which the LED package 305 is mounted.
- the center member 310c includes two notches 31Od that provide a pathway for wires (not shown) that extend between the driver 315 and the ends of the substrate 306. In certain alternative exemplary embodiments, three or more notches 31Od may be included to provide pathways for wires. In certain alternative exemplary embodiments, the bottom surface 310a may include only a single, relatively flat member without any protruding center member 31 Oc.
- Fins 311 extend substantially perpendicular from the bottom surface
- the fins 311 are spaced around a substantially central core 905 of the heat sink 310.
- the core 905 is a member that is at least partially composed of a conductive material.
- the core 905 can have any of a number of different shapes and configurations.
- the core 905 can be a solid or non-solid member having a substantially cylindrical or other shape.
- Each fin 31 1 includes a curved, radial portion 311a and a substantially straight portion 311b.
- the radial portions 311a are substantially symmetrical to one another and extend directly from the core 905.
- the radial portions 31 1 a are not symmetrical to one another.
- Each straight portion 311b extends from its corresponding radial portion 311a, towards an outer edge 31Of of the heat sink 310, substantially along a tangent of the radial portion 31 1a.
- the radius and length of the radial portion 31 Ia and the length of the straight portion 31 1b can vary based on the size of the heat sink 310, the size of the LED module 300, and the heat dissipation requirements of the LED module 300.
- one exemplary embodiment of the heat sink 310 can include fins 31 1 having a radial portion 311a with a radius of 1.25 inches and a length of 2 inches, and a straight portion 311b with a length of 1 inch.
- some or all of the fins 31 1 may not include both a radial portion 311a and a straight portion 31 Ib.
- the fins 311 may be entirely straight or entirely radial.
- the bottom surface 31 Oa of the heat sink 310 may not include the round member 310b.
- the LED package 305 is coupled directly to the core 905, rather than to the round member 310b.
- the heat sink 310 is configured to dissipate heat from the LED package 305 along a heat-transfer path that extends from the LED package 305, through the bottom surface 310a of the heat sink, and to the fins 31 1 via the core 905.
- the fins 31 1 receive the conducted heat and transfer the conducted heat to the surrounding environment (typically air in the can 1 15 of the lighting fixture 100) via convection.
- heat from the LEDs can be transferred along a path from the LED package 305 to the core 905, from the core 905 to the radial portions 311a of the fins 311, from the radial portions 3U a of the fins 31 1 to their corresponding straight portions 311b, and from the corresponding straight portions 311b to a surrounding environment.
- Heat also can be transferred by convection directly from the core 905 and/or the fins 31 1 to one or more gaps between the fins 311.
- a reflector housing 320 is coupled to the bottom surface 310a of the heat sink 310.
- the reflector housing 320 can be coupled to another portion of the LED module 300 or the lighting fixture 100 in certain alternative exemplary embodiments.
- Figure 11 illustrates the exemplary reflector housing 320.
- the reflector housing 320 includes a substantially round member 320a having a top end 32Ob and a bottom end 320c. Each end 320b and 320c includes an aperture 320ba and 320ca, respectively.
- a channel 320d extends through the reflector housing 320 and connects the apertures 320ba and 320ca.
- the top end 320b includes a substantially round top surface 320bb disposed around at least a portion of the channel 32Od.
- the top surface 320bb includes one or more holes 320bc capable of receiving fasteners that secure the reflector housing 320 to the heat sink 310.
- Each fastener includes a screw, nail, snap, clip, pin, or other fastening device known to a person of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure.
- the reflector housing 320 does not include the holes 320bc.
- the reflector housing 320 is formed integrally with the heat sink 310 or is secured to the heat sink 310 via means, such as glue or adhesive, that do not require holes for fastening.
- the reflector housing 320 is configured to act as a secondary heat sink for conducting heat away from the LEDs.
- the reflector housing 320 can assist with heat dissipation by convecting cool air from the bottom of the light fixture 100 towards the LED package 305 via one or more ridges 321.
- the reflector housing 320 is configured to receive a reflector 1205
- FIG. 12 composed of a material for reflecting, refracting, transmitting, or diffusing light emitted by the LED package 305.
- the term "reflector” is used herein to refer to any material configured to serve as an optic in a light fixture, including any material configured to reflect, refract, transmit, or diffuse light.
- Figure 12 is a perspective side view of the exemplary reflector 1205 being inserted in the channel 32Od of the reflector housing 320, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments. With reference to Figures 3-8, 11, and 12, when the reflector 1205 is installed in the reflector housing 320, outer side surfaces 1205a of the reflector 1205 are disposed along corresponding interior surfaces 320e of the reflector housing 320.
- a top end 1205b of the reflector 1205 abuts an edge surface 33Oa of an optic coupler 330, which is mounted to a bottom edge 310a of the top surface 320bb.
- the reflector 1205 is described in more detail below with reference to Figure 20.
- the optic coupler 330 includes a member configured to cover the electrical connections at the substrate 306, to allow a geometric tolerance between the LED package 305 and the reflector 1205, and to guide light emitted by the LED package 305.
- the optic coupler 330 and/or a material applied to the optic coupler 330 can be optically refractive, reflective, transmissive, specular, semi-specular, or diffuse.
- the optic coupler 330 is described in more detail below with reference to Figures 17-19.
- the bottom end 320c of the reflector housing 320 includes a bottom surface 320ca that extends away from the channel 32Od, forming a substantially annular ring around the channel 32Od.
- the surface 320ca includes slots 320cb that are each configured to receive a corresponding tab 1305a from a trim ring 1305 (Fig. 13).
- Figure 13 illustrates a portion of the trim ring 1305 aligned for installation with the reflector housing 320.
- the surface 320ca includes a ramped surface 320cc that enables installation of the trim ring 1305 on the reflector housing 320 via a twisting maneuver.
- the trim ring 1305 can be installed on the reflector housing 320 by aligning each tab 1305a with its corresponding slot 320cb and twisting the trim ring 1305 relative to the reflector housing 320 so that each tab 1305a travels up its corresponding ramped surface 320cc to a higher position along the bottom surface 320ca.
- Each ramped surface 320cc has a height that slowly rises along the perimeter of the housing 320.
- the trim ring 1305 provides an aesthetically pleasing frame for the lighting fixture 100.
- the trim ring 1305 may have any of a number of colors, shapes, textures, and configurations.
- the trim ring 1305 may be white, black, metallic, or another color and may also have a thin profile, a thick profile, or a medium profile.
- the trim ring 1305 retains the reflector 1205 within the reflector housing 320. In particular, when the reflector 1205 and trim ring 1305 are installed in the light fixture 100, at least a portion of a bottom end 1205b of the reflector 1205 rests on a top surface 1305b of the trim ring 1305.
- bracket 325 couples torsion springs
- the bracket 325 includes a top member 325a and opposing, elongated side members 325b that extend substantially perpendicularly from the top member 325a, towards the bottom end 320c of the reflector housing 320c.
- the bracket 325 is coupled to the heat sink 310 via one or more screws, nails, snaps, clips, pins, and/or other fastening devices known to a person of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure.
- Each side member 325b includes an aperture 325c configured to receive a rivet 325d or other fastening device for mounting one of the torsion springs 340 to the heat sink 310.
- Each torsion spring 340 includes opposing bracket ends 340a that are inserted inside corresponding slots (not shown) in the can 1 15 of the light fixture 100. To install the LED module 300 in the can 1 15, the bracket ends 340a are squeezed together, the LED module 300 is slid into the can 1 15, and the bracket ends 340a are aligned with the slots and then released such that the bracket ends 340a enter the slots.
- a mounting bracket 335 is coupled to the top member 325a and/or the top end of heat sink 310 via one or more screws, nails, snaps, clips, pins, and/or other fastening devices known to a person of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure.
- the mounting bracket 335 includes a substantially round top member 335a and protruding side members 335b that extend substantially perpendicular from the top member 335a, towards the bottom end 320c of the reflector housing 320.
- the mounting bracket 335 has a profile that substantially corresponds to an interior profile of the can 1 15.
- This profile allows the mounting bracket 335 to create a junction box (or "j-box") in the can 115 when the LED module 300 is installed in the light fixture 100.
- electrical junctions between the light fixture 100 and the electrical system (not shown) at the installation site may be disposed within the substantially enclosed space between the mounting bracket 335 and the top of the can 115 (the junction box), when the LED module 300 is installed.
- the driver 315 and an Edison base socket bracket 345 are mounted to a top surface 350c of the top member 35Oa of the mounting bracket 335.
- the driver 315 can be disposed in another location in or remote from the light fixture 100.
- the driver 315 supplies electrical power and control to the LED package 305.
- the Edison base socket bracket 345 is a bracket that is configured to receive an Edison base socket 1505 (Figs. 15-16) and an Edison base adapter 1520 (Figs. 15-16) in a retrofit installation of the LED module 300 in an existing, non-LED fixture.
- This bracket 345 allows the LED module 300 to be installed in both new construction and retrofit applications.
- the bracket 345 may be removed for a new construction installation.
- Figure 14 is a flow chart diagram illustrating a method 1400 for installing the LED module 300 in an existing, non-LED fixture, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- Figures 15 and 16 are views of an exemplary Edison base adapter 1520 and of the LED module being 300 connected to an Edison base socket 1505 of the existing, non-LED fixture via the Edison base adapter 1520.
- the exemplary method 1400 is illustrative and, in alternative embodiments of the invention, certain steps can be performed in a different order, in parallel with one another, or omitted entirely, and/or certain additional steps can be performed without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
- the method 1400 is described below with reference to Figures 3-8 and 14-16.
- step 1410 an inquiry is conducted to determine whether the installation of the LED module 300 in the existing fixture will be compliant with Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations, titled "The Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings," dated October 1, 2005.
- Title 24 compliant installations require removal of the Edison base socket 1505 in the existing fixture.
- An installation that does not need to be Title 24 compliant does not require removal of the Edison base socket 1505.
- step 1415 the Edison base socket 1505 from the existing fixture is released.
- a person can release the Edison base socket 1505 by removing the socket 1505 from a plate of the existing fixture.
- step 1420 the person screws the Edison base adapter 1520 into the Edison base socket 1505.
- the Edison base adapter 1520 electrically couples the driver 315 of the LED module 300 to the power source of the existing fixture via the socket 1505 of the existing fixture and/or via wires connected to the socket 1505, as described below, with reference to steps 1455-1460.
- step 1425 the person plugs wiring 1530 from the LED module 300 into the Edison base adapter 1520.
- the person can plug one or more quick-connect or plug connectors 350 from the driver 315 into the Edison base adapter 1520.
- the person may connect wires without connectors from the driver to the Edison base adapter 1520.
- the person mounts the Edison base adapter 1520 and the socket 1505 to the mounting bracket 335 on the LED module 300.
- the person can snap, slide, or twist the Edison base adapter 1520 and socket 1505 onto the Edison base socket bracket 345 on the mounting bracket 335, and/or the person can use one or more screws, nails, snaps, clips, pins, and/or other fastening devices to mount the Edison base adapter 1520 and socket 1505 to the Edison base socket bracket 345 and/or mounting bracket 335.
- the person squeezes the torsion springs 340 so that the bracket ends 340a of each torsion spring 340 move towards one another.
- step 1440 The person slides the LED module 300 into a can 1 15 of the existing light fixture, aligns the bracket ends 340a with slots in the can 1 15, and releases the bracket ends 340a to install the bracket ends 340a within the can 115, in step 1440.
- step 1445 the person routes any exposed wires (not shown) into the existing fixture and pushes the LED module 300 flush to a ceiling surface.
- step 1450 the person cuts wires in the existing fixture to remove the Edison base, including the Edison base socket 1505, from the existing fixture.
- step 1455 the person cuts wires 1520a on the Edison base adapter 1520 to remove an Edison screw-in plug 1520b on the adapter 1520.
- the person connects the wires 1520a from the Edison base adapter 1520 to wires (not shown) in the existing fixture, and plugs wiring 1530 from the LED module 300 into a connector 1520c on the adapter 1520, in step 1460.
- step 1465 the person mounts the Edison base adapter 1520 to the mounting bracket 335 on the LED module 300, substantially as described above in connection with step 1430.
- the mounting bracket 335 has a profile that substantially corresponds to an interior profile of the can 115. This profile allows the mounting bracket 335 to create a junction box (or "j-box") in the can 115 when the LED module 300 is installed in the light fixture 100 by substantially enclosing the space between the mounting bracket 335 and the top of the can 1 15.
- the electrical junctions between the wires 1530, the driver 315, the Edison base adapter 1520, and, depending on whether the installation is Title 24 compliant, the socket 1505 may be disposed within the substantially enclosed space between the mounting bracket 335 and the top of the can 1 15 when the LED module 300 is installed.
- Figures 17 and 18 are views of the optic coupler 330 of the LED module 300, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- the optic coupler 330 includes a refractive, reflective, transmissive, specular, semi-specular, or diffuse member that covers the electrical connections at the substrate 306, to allow a geometric tolerance between the reflector 1205 and the LEDs in the LED package 305, and to guide light emitted by the LEDs.
- the optic coupler 330 includes a center member 330b having a top surface 330ba and a bottom surface 330bb. Each surface 330ba and 330bb includes an aperture 330ca and 33Ocb, respectively.
- the apertures 33Oca and 330cb are parallel to one another and are substantially centrally disposed in the center member 330b.
- a side member 33Obc defines a channel 33Od that extends through the center member 330b and connects the apertures 330ca and 330cb.
- the side member 33Obc extends out in a substantially perpendicular direction from the top surface 330ba.
- the side member 33Obc can be angled in a conical, semi-conical, or pyramidal fashion.
- the apertures 33Oca and 33Ocb are aligned with the LEDs of the LED package 305 so that all of the LEDs are visible through the channel 330d.
- the geometry of the side member 330bc and/or one or both of the apertures 33Oca and 330cb substantially corresponds to the geometry of the LEDs.
- the side member 330bc and the apertures 330ca and 330cb can have substantially square geometries, as shown in Figures 17 and 18.
- the side member 330bc and/or one or both of the apertures 330ca and 33Ocb can have a substantially round geometry.
- the optic coupler 33Od is configured to guide light emitted by the LED package 305.
- the emitted light can travel through the channel 330d and be reflected, refracted, diffused, and/or transmitted by the side member 330bc and/or the bottom surface 330bb of the center member 330b.
- a side wall member 330e extends substantially perpendicularly from the top surface 330ba of the optic coupler 330.
- the side wall member 330e connects the center member 330b and an edge member 330f that includes the edge surface 330a of the optic coupler 330.
- the side wall member 330e has a substantially round geometry that defines a ring around the center member 330b.
- the edge member 330f extends substantially perpendicularly from a top end 33Oea of the side wall member 33Oe.
- the edge member 330f is substantially parallel to the center member 330b.
- the side wall member 33Oe and center member 330b define an interior region 33Og of the optic coupler 330.
- the interior region 330g includes a space around the aperture 330ca that is configured to house the electrical connections at the substrate 306.
- the optic coupler 330 covers the electrical connections on the substrate 306 by housing at least a portion of the connections in the interior region 330g.
- the electrical connections are not visible when the LED module 300 is installed.
- Figure 19 is a perspective top view of an optic coupler 1900 of the
- the optic coupler 1900 is substantially similar to the optic coupler 330, except that the optic coupler 1900 has a wider edge member 190Of and a narrower center member 1900b that has a substantially conical or frusto-conical geometry.
- a bottom surface 1900ba of the center member 1900b has a larger radius than a top surface 1900bb of the center member 1900b.
- Each surface 1900ba and 1900bb includes an aperture 1900ca and 1900cb, respectively, that connects a channel 190Od extending through the center member 1900b.
- the bottom surface 1900ba has a substantially angled profile that bows outward from the channel 190Od, defining the substantially conical or frusto-conical geometry of the center member 1900b.
- the geometry of the center member 1900b can reduce undesirable shadowing from the optic coupler 1900.
- the center member 1900b does not include sharp angled edges that could obstruct light from the LED package 305.
- Figures 17-18 and 19 illustrate center members 33Ob and
- FIG. 19 is an exaggerated depiction of a cross-sectional profile of the reflector 1205, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
- the profile includes a first region 2005 at the top of the reflector 1205 and a second region 2010 at the bottom of the reflector 1205.
- the second region 2010 is more diverging than the first region 2005.
- the regions 2005 and 2010 define a curve that resembles the shape of a side of a bell.
- reflectors within a downlight need to create a specific light pattern that is pleasing to the eye, taking into account human visual perception.
- Most visually appealing downlights are designed such that the reflected image of the source light begins at the top of the reflector and works its way downward as an observer walks toward the fixture. This effect is sometimes referred to as "top down flash.” It is generally accepted that people prefer light distributions that are more or less uniform, with smooth rather than abrupt gradients. Abrupt gradients are perceived as bright or dark bands in the light pattern.
- Traditional reflector designs for downlights with large sources, such as incandescent or compact fluorescent lamps, are fairly straightforward.
- a parabolic or nearly parabolic section created from the edge rays or tangents from the light source will create a top down flash with the widest distribution possible with given perception constraints.
- the light pattern on a nearby surface, such as a floor the light pattern is generally smooth due to the fact that the large source is reflected into a large, angular zone.
- a reflector for a small light source such as an LED
- the reflector for a small source downlight such as an LED downlight 100
- the reflected portion of the light, nearest nadir, or the point directly below the light fixture, is the most critical area for a small source downlight. If the transition between the reflector image and the bare source alone is abrupt in the downlight, a bright or dark ring will be perceived in the light pattern.
- the reflector 1205 of the present invention becomes radically diverging near this zone to better blend the transition area.
- the bell-shape of the profile of the reflector 1205 defines at least one smooth curve with a substantially centrally disposed inflection point.
- a top portion of the curve (the first region 2005), reflects light in a more concentrated manner to achieve desired light at higher angles.
- the top portion of the curve can reflect light near the top of the reflector 1205 starting at about 50 degrees.
- a bottom portion of the curve (the second region 2010) is more diverging than the top portion and reflects light over a large angular zone (down to zero degrees), blending out what would otherwise be a hard visible line in the light pattern.
- This shape has been show to meet the requirement of a top-down flash while also creating a smooth, blended light pattern in the LED downlight fixture 100.
- the precise shape of the reflector 1205 can depend on a variety of factors, including the size and shape of the light source, the size and shape of the aperture opening, and the desired photometric distribution.
- the shape of the reflector 1205 can be determined by defining a number of vertices and drawing a spline through the vertices, thereby creating a smooth, continuous curve that extends through the vertices. Although it might be possible to approximate this curve with an equation, the equation would change depending on a given set of variables.
- the vertices of the spline were determined in a trial and error methodology with optical analysis software to achieve a desired photometric distribution.
- the variables set at the onset of the design were: the diameter of the aperture (5 inches), the viewing angle an observer can first see the light source or interior of the optical coupler through the aperture as measured from nadir, directly below the fixture (50 degrees), and the cutoff angle of the reflected light from the reflector as measured from nadir, directly below the fixture (50 degrees).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200880112539.9A CN101836042B (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2008-09-22 | Light emitting diode recessed light fixture |
CA2700376A CA2700376C (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2008-09-22 | Light emitting diode recessed light fixture |
EP08831466.1A EP2203678A4 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2008-09-22 | Light emitting diode recessed light fixture |
KR1020107008457A KR101533128B1 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2008-09-22 | Light emitting diode recessed light fixture |
MX2010003077A MX2010003077A (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2008-09-22 | Light emitting diode recessed light fixture. |
IL204616A IL204616A0 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2010-03-18 | Light emitting diode recessed light fixture |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US99479207P | 2007-09-21 | 2007-09-21 | |
US60/994,792 | 2007-09-21 | ||
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PCT/US2008/077212 WO2009039491A1 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2008-09-22 | Light emitting diode recessed light fixture |
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US (15) | US7993034B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2203678A4 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101533128B1 (en) |
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IL (1) | IL204616A0 (en) |
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