WO2009049470A1

WO2009049470A1 - A bored pile drilling machine

Info

Publication number: WO2009049470A1
Application number: PCT/CN2008/001608
Authority: WO
Inventors: Shichang Ye
Original assignee: Shichang Ye
Priority date: 2007-09-14
Filing date: 2008-09-11
Publication date: 2009-04-23

Abstract

A bored pile drilling machine includes casing pipes (160,181), drill head (1), operation platform, motor (66), frame, guiding wheels, water pipe rotation-preventing mechanism, hoist and so on. It can drill into all types of earth layer by various means. It is suitable for working on land or in water. It has simple structure and low cost.

Description

Comprehensive multifunctional drilling pile driver

First, the field of technology Currently, there are many types of pile machines in the basic fields of construction and bridges, but most of their functions are very complete. If you want to buy a variety of pile drivers at the same time, it is not economically economical. The invention aims to combine the functions of all the current bored pile drivers as much as possible to achieve multi-purpose use of one machine. For complex formations, whether hard, soft, or even sand or mud, it can be drilled. Not only for onshore work, but also for water work.

Second, the background technology I am a native of Rong County, Guangxi, graduated from the Central South Institute of Mining and Metallurgy in 196^, and has been working in the geological team since then. Senior Engineer of Geological Engineering Technology. At the end of 1992, he retired to go home after he was 55 years old. After that, he helped private individuals to do geological survey work, mainly for foundation engineering and writing reports. But the good times are not long, and no work has been done in less than a year. I have been busy at home since then, and I feel very bored. Because I have loved machinery since I was a child, I also learned some mechanical knowledge during my college years. At the same time, the family economy is more difficult. I have been to mine with my boss and I have studied geography, but I have not succeeded. So I thought of doing it. Some gizmos, if lucky, may bring some benefits to life. Since then, I have read materials or designs at home every day. After several years of hard work, I have designed five patents. In August 2000, he chose one of the "^" artillery entertainment fitness devices to apply for a patent. At that time, he applied for the name of Ye Zhi (formerly known as the name), patent number ZL00230732..4 After several years of twists and turns, he paid four The annual fee, not only the patent technology transfer can not go out, but was deceived by the social liar, if it is to be implemented, it is also a problem, family economic difficulties and family opposition. So the fifth annual fee I paid. I am not discouraged, and I think of the second way out. I feel that doing basic projects is very profitable, but I must have advanced tools. According to my first experience, the current pile-driving technology is relatively simple, if there is a comprehensive pile driver, In the past, when I was working in the geological team, I was very familiar with the core drilling technology, and I knew what kind of technology was used to solve the problem. ^ I have managed two rigs, mainly in the loose and easy to collapse formation. As a result, the monthly footage is more than a kilometer, and the annual footage is over 10,000 meters. 1 ^ The rig has a monthly footage of 400-500 meters. I have not learned engineering geology and I don’t know enough about the pile machine technology, but I also I often go to § others to piling, and I don’t think so. In order to achieve the goal, I went to the geological team to find a textbook of "Modern Foundation Engineering Construction", which was compiled by the Geological College of the 80s. It is relatively new. I spent more than two years studying and researching, which part of the basic engineering construction equipment was read over and over until I understood it. I hedged the full casing pile machine and Japan's RRC type multi-cobalt head diving. Piles are interesting. But they feel that they have their limitations. Gravel-free or slightly harder formations cannot be drilled. After learning, I have a general understanding of the performance of existing pile drivers (of course, it may be near. I don't understand the more advanced pile driver.) I have added a lot of knowledge. But here I have no need to imitate others. I should break the traditional concept and design a new type of pile machine according to my ideas. Bored pile driver. I have to make inherited the previous people's drilling technology, such as drilling drill bit and impact drill I have also made major modifications. III. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. Grab the pile driver (Fig. 1 to Fig. 5). At present, the whole casing drilling rig has been rushed, but there is no drilling rig (the rotary drilling rig and the auger are purely drilled and cannot be caught). So the purpose here is to design a pile driver that can drill, catch and punch. In addition to adapting to the most complex formation drilling, it is also suitable for water operations. It is a special form of the submersible pile machine. It has similarities with the Japanese RRC type drilling rig, that is, it does not require the drill rod to transmit torque, and it can be used for positive circulation and reverse circulation drilling. But the structure is completely different. The utility model is characterized in that the movable airfoil drill bit is used for continuous reaming drilling, and the special inner device and the outer casing follow the drill bit to enter the bottom of the hole, and the airfoil is gathered up to be a grab, which is a drill bit when opened, and can be Pull up inside the inner casing. The whole pile driver consists of two parts: the upper part does not rotate and the lower part rotates.

The upper non-rotating portion is composed of a sealed chamber, a top bearing device, a water pipe anti-rotation device, a lifting device, a cable, a lower bearing device, and a weighting chamber. The sealing chamber is made of steel plate rolled and welded, and a connecting ring is welded up and down, and sealed with a round thick steel plate and padded in the middle. The interior 'equipped with two small motors and transmission gears. There is no shifting mechanism, mainly using the high-tech products of the surface "~~ frequency converter to realize the shifting of the motor. This is so much different, different rock layers can be drilled at different speeds. The sealed outdoor wall is symmetrically welded with two guiding strips, so that The pile driver moves up and down along the inner casing guiding groove. The top bearing device has a radial and axial bearing, which can hang the entire weight of the pile driver, and the rotating center tube is not used by the sealing ring and the bearing at 1 ^ The rotating drain joint is separated. Because the pile machine can't rotate in the inner casing, and the water pipe winch in the upper part of the wellhead is in the process of rolling and releasing, it will generate a torque to the water pipe. In order to solve this problem, the water pipe is designed here. It is fixed to a large seamless pipe and is also separated by a seal ring and a bearing to separate the rotating drain joint from the fixed anti-rotator main. The lifting device comprises two lifting beams and a lifting beam. There are two kinds, one is usually used for drilling, two bearings are installed, and can be rotated freely. The other is designed for impact drilling, no bearing. The spring can make the drill rotate when it is impacted. The cable is closed by a plurality of sealing rings. The lower bearing device also has a radial and axial bearing for sealing, positioning and pressure bearing. The weighting chamber device is made up of 10 thick steel coils. After welding, it is welded into a short cylinder, and a connecting ring is twisted up and down. It has eight holes symmetrically (the upper part is a threaded hole). The two sides are also symmetrically welded to the guiding strip, but the square of the upper sealing chamber Corresponding. The upper part is connected with the sealing chamber, the lower part is added with a round thick steel plate, and the bottom part is welded to the lower bearing seat. The indoor weighting block is placed as needed.

The lower rotating portion is composed of a fin-shaped drill, a hanging cylinder, a link mechanism, a lower cross groove, and a fin drill closing mechanism. There are four pieces of wing-shaped drills, each of which is cut into three different trapezoids by three 10mm thick steel plates, which are bent and then welded. The lower knife edge is a fragile part. For the convenience of welding alloy sheets or sneezing alloy powder, it is additionally machined and bolted. There are three wedge-shaped wear-resistant (geological) steel sheets in the middle and lower part of the back of the drill bit. The horizontal water tanks are opened at a certain distance (the positions of the pieces are different), and the middle and right sides are each set with alloy sheets or spray welding. Alloy powder. The lower part of the knife edge does not need to be welded with steel sheets, which are directly processed from the outer layer, and the bottom is also inlaid with alloy sheets or spray-welded alloy powder. The edge of the right wedge-shaped steel sheet protrudes from the outside of the fin, and the slope is tangent to the hole wall, and is mainly used for cutting the rock layer. The left wedge-shaped steel sheet does not protrude, and the edge of the fin is identical, and its slope is The fin bits are tangent in diameter. There is no need to weld the alloy sheet, but some alloy powder should be sprayed. Its main function is to produce an inwardly contracting pressure when the fin bit rotates in the counterclockwise direction. At the same time, however, it also cuts the rock, so a certain number of alloy sheets should be welded to the inner edge or the center line. : Sometimes in the construction of large-diameter wells, the outer casing needs to be changed to cement pipe, and the thickness (ie diameter) is increased more. In order to solve this problem, a reaming block is bolted to the transverse trough of a wedge-shaped steel piece in the middle of the back of each fin bit. The thickness is determined according to the needs, because it is used for drilling wells in shallow holes and soft formations. , so the strength requirements are fully met. The lower joint and the connecting rod seat are welded to the inner side of the fin bit.

The hanging cylinder is rolled and rolled by a 10mm thick steel plate. The upper part is welded with a connecting ring, and eight threaded holes are opened. Then, a circular medium-thick steel plate is added thereon and screwed. A circular hole is opened in the center of the medium-thick steel plate, and a sleeve is welded therebetween. The sleeve is provided with a cross-hexagon socket and a gasket, and three steel balls are respectively arranged on six planes. The upper part of the hexagon socket is provided with a rubber pad and a pressure plate and fastened with screws. In this way, the central shaft tube and the steel ball are in direct contact, the friction between them is greatly reduced, and the central shaft is freely movable. In addition, four wing fins are welded to the lower part of the hanging cylinder; four wing fins are welded to the upper part, and four shoulder pads are symmetrically welded on the outer side.

The linkage mechanism includes a connecting rod, a lever beam, a boom, and a seat hinged therewith. The actions and actions of this will be discussed in the following detailed description.

The lower cross slot device is slotted with a thick steel plate and welded to the thick center tube. In order to reduce the frictional force of the connecting rod and the connecting rod, a fixing frame is fixed on the outer side of the lower part of the lower part, and a movable roller worn by a rough shackle is mounted on both sides of the frame, so that the connecting rod directly contacts the same. The friction between them is greatly reduced. In addition, a cross-sleeve hex socket is attached to the upper and lower portions of the center tube of the cross recess to transmit torque.

The flap-shaped drill bit closing mechanism is composed of an upper cross groove device, a shrinking ejector pin, a receiving and discharging connecting column and a limit welding ring. The upper cross recess device is also slotted with a thick steel plate and welded to the inner hexagon socket with a cross, and a circular hole is formed at a suitable position in the middle. There is a wide space between the limit welding ring and the hexagonal shaft, which is filled with solder and used to fix the position of the upper slot.

The central shaft tube connects the upper non-rotating portion and the lower rotating portion. The whole shaft rotates and consists of three sections. The upper and lower parts are circular shaft tubes, and the middle part is the upper and lower small outer hexagonal shaft tubes. The lower part of the lower shaft tube is threadedly coupled to a pilot bit, which is separated by a welded strip at the bottom and is provided with an alloy piece. A section of the lower shaft tube adjacent to the drill bit is cut into square tubes to facilitate the closing of the wing-shaped drill bit. In addition to the guiding and positioning, there are other uses, that is, all the wreckage can be concentrated in the small hole during the reverse circulation drilling, so that the sand pump can discharge them to the surface. If a positive circulation method is used for drilling, a small amount of residue will remain in the washing process after the final hole, and this guiding small hole is just a place where they are concentrated, which ensures a large area of "cleaning" at the bottom of the hole.

2. The inner and outer casings unique to the pile driver (Fig. 6 - Fig. 7): 1) The inner casing of the movable body: the former mainly uses the drill pipe or the reaction torque Balance the mechanism to deliver torque. Here I broke the routine and used a casing as a counter-torque balancing mechanism. The reason why it is called activity is to use the elasticity of the steel plate. It can be opened or contracted. After a small water pipe is passed through the round hole of the special buckle, it becomes a casing. I have used two thin steel plates to make the inner and outer circles of the activity, supported by wooden frames, poured concrete in the middle, and then made a three-meter large caliber sinking construction. This proves its feasibility. ― ,

2) A well-sealed fixed outer casing: It is mainly used in conjunction with the movable inner casing. Suitable for particularly complex formations and water operations.

3. Chuck (Fig. 9 - Fig. 10): The inner and outer casings designed by the pile driver are not threaded. Because of the large diameter, it is not easy to implement and the processing is difficult. At the same time, if the entire thickness of the casing is increased, it will increase its own weight, let alone the elastic bending of the casing. Therefore, only the thin steel plate is used to make the casing main body, and then the ribs are welded on the outer side of the rib. The larger the diameter, the larger the ribs should be, and the six pieces are symmetrically welded here. Then, at the appropriate position on the upper and lower parts of each rib, some transverse grooves are opened, and these grooves are used to solve the problem of their joint and hanging weight. The chuck here is designed to solve these problems: it can either engage or loosen the casing or hang the full weight. In addition, it can simultaneously press in or pull out the double sleeve.

4. Casing support (Fig. 8): This is the supporting equipment of this patent, which is specially designed for hanging inner and outer casings. The structure is simple and easy to operate. It is hung from the lower part of the general drill and can be rotated freely. The figure is omitted because of the length relationship, that is, a chain (254) should be added between the two hook rings (195) - see Figure 13, the length is more than 2.5 times the length of each tube.

5. Hole retainer and inner sleeve hook (Fig. 12-Fig. 13): For personal safety, the hole must be protected by a retainer. But here is not just for this purpose, there are other 'uses. As mentioned above, after the inner sleeve is shrunk, its diameter and the distance from the inner wall of the outer sleeve are not strictly regulated, which brings certain difficulties to lifting. In order to solve this problem, here, on the top ring beam of the orifice retainer, six hooks are suspended by a chain. The middle shaft of the hook can be rotated freely, and there is a baffle on the front. As long as the baffle passes through the long round hole in the middle of the casing rib, it is rotated 90° quickly, and then the 3⁄4 head threaded pipe is twisted, and the hook will be locked quickly. Inner casing. Finally, hang the inner casing on the top ring beam of the retainer.

6. Water pipes and cable guides (Fig. 14): The water pipes of the former submersible pile machines are hung with hooks. It is convenient to lift them in a short distance, but it is much more difficult to make long and long distance lifting. This patent is designed with a hose winch. In addition, the former has a cable winch. In order to match their use, water pipes and cable guides are designed here. Its function has two aspects. First, when the pile driver is lowered into the hole, the winch and the hoist are braked, and the guide will automatically flip over, aligning the center of the hole, and at the same time, they can automatically slide down the pile machine. Second, when the pile driver is lifting and unloading, the cable winch and the water pipe must be lifted. When the pile driver is lifted to the top, as long as it reaches the guide frame, it will be turned over again. At this time, the winch is shut down. With the hoist, the pile driver is transferred to the nearby discharge tower for unloading. Of course, the water pipes and cables are also in the past. At this time, the guide wheels of the guide frame support and guide. 7. Water pipe anti-rotation device (upper part of Fig. 5): The pile driver can not rotate in the casing, and can only slide up and down along the guiding groove. In the process of reeling, the water pipe hoisting machine will rotate the water pipe itself at a certain angle. This will definitely break the water pipe. In order to solve this problem, a water pipe anti-rotation device is added to the upper part of the rushing pile driver. The action of the upper and lower parts is separated mainly by the friction of the bearing and the sealing ring.

8. Drilling and expanding the drill bit (Fig. 15): There are a variety of drill-drilling drill bits for the former pile driver, which are of the upper and lower type. However, the simpler ones are for single reaming, and they cannot be used for positive or negative circulation. Drilling and expanding is more complicated, even with hydraulic control. It is very inconvenient for the tubing to pass through the well. Therefore, I have made some improvements to the drills of the predecessors here. The upper grounding seat is fixed on the upper part of the center tube, the lower hinge seat is movable, and the moving distance is limited by the hexagonal sleeve, so that the most wood reaming or contraction state can be obtained. Both the drilling and the bottoming fins can be removed, and the holes can be drilled or reamed separately, or drilled and reamed at the same time, and positive and reverse circulation can be performed. However, it cannot be used alone and must be combined with a pile driver to be used. In order to solve the problem of reaming in the middle, here, an inverted three-leg reaming basket is added to the lower part of the drill bit, which is bolted to the drilling fin holder.

9. Impact pumping 2-in-1 drill bit (Fig. 16): The above mentioned rushing drill mainframe also has impact function, but it is not the main one. It is only suitable for use in some relatively soft and stable formations. It is not suitable for loose, gravel-bearing formations and hard bedrock. Therefore, a drill bit that combines the impact and the suction pump is designed here. As long as it is a relatively stable formation that does not require casing, it can be drilled, whether it is soft or hard. The shape is somewhat like a cross-shaped drill bit, but it differs greatly in structure. A bucket is welded on the upper part of the cross blade, and four flaps are arranged on the bottom. Four vent pipes are welded in the bucket near the center tube. In addition, a burr is welded to the outer edge of the blade, which forms a large and small annular space between the hopper (separated by a thick steel plate in the middle). When the drill bit descends rapidly, the volume of the flushing liquid and the helium in the lower part of the hole also expands rapidly, so that they are forced to rise along the living space, the vent pipe and the annular space against the gravity; finally, they fall into the storage bucket by gravity. In this way, some large cuttings are prevented from remaining at the bottom of the hole for secondary and tertiary impact. At the same time, due to the three venting devices, the resistance of the drill bit is greatly reduced, thereby improving the impact capability. After the drilling is completed, connect the long high-pressure pipe leading to the surface, and wash the holes with positive and negative circulation.

10. Hand-cranked or electric water pipe winch (Fig. 17): The textbook "Modern Foundation Engineering Construction" refers to the water pipe roller, but the structure is unclear, even if it is someone else's patent. However, the water pipes of the former pile driver are all hung with hooks, and it is not suitable for retracting with rollers. So here I designed a water pipe hoist that can be hand-cranked or motor-driven. The purpose is to roll the high-pressure pipe on the reel, which can be retracted at any time, saving labor. However, the reel is rotating, and the suction and drain pipes leading to the pump or pool are not rotatable. In order to solve this problem, an anti-rotation device must be added to the shaft row and the outer end of the inlet pipe in the reel, and the flushing liquid discharged or discharged is continuously communicated with the bottom of the hole through the elbow and the high-pressure pipe. The driven reel can be driven directly by the V-belt pulley, but the speed cannot be too high, and the converted current must be input into the motor. This design also needs to solve some other problems. If the deeper the hole is drilled, the more the number of high pressure pipe rolls rolled in the drum, the lower the line speed of the outer layer and the inner layer. do not. The problem of the drop of the high-pressure pipe is still solved. If it is difficult to make it rise synchronously with the wire rope, I am afraid that it will add more equipment. However, here is a simple man-made control method. Outside the gear box, a friction wheel with a triangular groove is added to the driven gear shaft, and a wedge-shaped friction wood block is added under the wheel to control the rise and fall of the high pressure pipe. speed. On the driven shaft, a bicycle arm is added outside the friction wheel, and if necessary, it can be added by hand.

11. Manpower collection and drain pipe platform (Fig. 11): The hose winch designed above has advantages, but it also has disadvantages. The advantages are as follows: First, to ensure that the flushing fluid can be continuously pumped or transported during the drilling process; secondly, the high-pressure pipe can be automatically slid down following the pile driver; thirdly, during the lifting process of the high-pressure pipe, No matter the hand or the motor, it saves labor. The main disadvantages are as follows: First, it is difficult to control the synchronization process of the high-pressure pipe and the wire rope during the lifting process. Second, when the reverse circulation is drilled, a large amount of gravel fragments flow in the curved pipe for a long distance, which is bound to accelerate. The wear of the pipe wall is accompanied by large resistance and even blockage. In theory, it is inferred that if there is no problem after practice, then you can use it with confidence. However, there is absolutely no problem whether you use a clear water or mud to make a positive cycle.

Here, in order to consider the problem comprehensively, and at the same time it is also convenient, so the manpower retractable water pipe platform is designed. On this platform, the water will be flat and flat in the shape of "8". First, its radius is increased, and the rinsing fluid with sediment and gravel flows on the same level, which is easy to pass. At the same time, the water pipes are curled one by one, and the angles they twisted cancel each other out, which eliminates the twisting phenomenon and prolongs the use of 'life. But its disadvantage is that it increases the physical labor intensity. In fact, the cable can also be retracted in this way, much simpler. ' "

12. The lower roller switch of the discharge tower funnel (Fig. 18): The unloading tower and the funnel used in this pile driver are basically the same as the previous ones. The difference is that there is a discharge tower retainer on the upper part of the funnel. There are eight movable plates at the bottom of the retainer, which are basically the same as the movable blocks in the chuck box. The diameter can be increased or decreased within a certain range. The pile driver can be freely lowered and can be placed on the shoulder of the outside of the hanging cylinder to remove the waste. In order to save space, no drawings are drawn. However, the switches in the lower part of the funnel of the predecessors I feel that it is not suitable for the use of this pile driver. Common is the board switch, which is pushable with a lever; it is also bolted. It is most suitable for some clays and fine homogeneous materials, but not for some uneven sizes of stones, especially large stones. The cement slurry mixing plant on the modern construction site is hydraulically driven to open and close the loose leaf. This requires a larger motor and hydraulic pump, which is reliable, but increases engineering costs. Therefore, I am here to design another roller switch. Take two short seamless tubes, cut half of them in the middle, leaving a small part at both ends. Then they are made to roll relative to each other along the circumferential surface. When the part is turned to the cut part, the crack appears, and the switch is opened. When the part is turned to the uncut part, the two cylindrical surfaces are in contact with each other, and only the relative rolling is performed. The switch is off. If one of the rollers on the right side is rotated clockwise, the two rollers are always lifted up and open, so that all cuttings and stones can not be blocked, and their rotation.

4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention patent has a total of eighteen figures, which are not so much. Because the whole pile machine is large in size and complicated at the same time, if the proportion is too small, it will not be clear. So it is divided into upper, middle and lower sections to draw, In addition to drawing the main view, some structural drawings can also be seen in the left or top view. If it is on a picture, it is a picture. If one view is on another piece of paper, it is considered as another picture. .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a front elevational view showing the overall structure of a rushing pile driver of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view showing the structure of the lower section of the rushing and drilling machine of the present invention.

3 is a front view, a top view, and a left side view of the movable wing bit structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view showing the structure of the middle section of the rushing pile driver of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a front elevational view showing the structure of the upper section of the rushing pile driver of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a front elevational view showing the structure of the movable inner sleeve and the fixed outer sleeve according to the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic top plan view of the movable inner sleeve and the fixed outer sleeve structure of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a front elevational view of the casing of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the chuck of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a front view, a top view, and a left side view of the chuck slider box of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a front view and a top view of the human body receiving and discharging pipe platform of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a front elevational view of the card and casing of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a front view and a plan view of the orifice retainer and the movable sleeve pull hook of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a front view and a left side view, respectively, of the water pipe and cable guide of the present invention.

Figure 15 is a front elevational view of the drill bit and the drill bit of the present invention.

Figure 16 is a simplified view of a two-in-one impactor of a shock and a suction pump according to the present invention.

Figure 17 is a front elevational view of the hand or electric water pipe hoist according to the present invention.

Figure 18 is a front view, a top view, and a left side view of the lower drum switch of the funnel of the present invention.

In Fig. 1 to Fig. 18, the directional drill bit (1), the square column alloy piece (2), the lower central shaft tube (3), the middle hexagonal shaft tube (4), the hex socket with a cross shoulder (5), the lower Cross recessed center tube (6), lower cross slot weldment (7), wing drill bit link (8), fin bit lever beam (9), fin bit boom (10), fin drill bit holder (11), wing bit upper connecting seat (12), fin bit lower connecting seat (13), fin bit connecting rod seat (14), fin bit inner layer (15), fin bit middle layer (16) , outer layer of fin bit (17), middle part of wing piece (18), inner layer of blade bit (19), 钴 (20) of blade cobalt head, outer layer of blade bit (21) , fin drill bit hanging cylinder (22), Φ 38 bushing (23), Φ 32 bushing (24), lower cross groove upper reinforcing bar (25), round thick steel plate lower connecting ring (26), Weighted welded seamless pipe (27), hanging cylinder outer unloading shoulder (28), wing bit right welding piece (29), wing bit left welding piece (30), guiding bit lower welding square (31) Connecting rod Frame (32), connecting rod fixed frame screw shaft (33), connecting rod positioning frame roller (34), large hex socket outer sleeve (35), large hex socket (36), with cross and Steel ball large hexagon socket (37), Φ 16 steel ball (38), large hexagon socket rubber pad (39), large inner hexagon socket upper pressure plate (40), hanging cylinder top thick steel plate (41), round thick steel plate upper connecting ring (42), weighting chamber cylinder (43), fin bit retracting connecting rod (44), fixing hexagon socket set screw (45), M30 bolt (46), fin bit shrinking ejector (47), limit welding ring (48), middle Hexagon socket (49), upper cross groove weldment (50), lower bearing seal friction cylinder (51), lower bearing seal nip cover (52), lower bearing cup (53), lower bearing seat (54 ), lower bearing seal (55), (56) empty, Φ 90 sealed radial ball bearing (57), Φ90-Φ116 washer (58), Φ90 thrust ball bearing (59), weighting chamber bottom plate (60), Sealing chamber cylinder (61), sealing chamber cylinder outer guiding strip (62), driving pinion (63), driven large tooth (64), sealed indoor fixed motor steel plate

(65), 5- 7KW motor (66), gear lower top tube (67), hook head wedge key (68), upper central shaft tube (69), weighted thick steel plate (70), sealed chamber bottom plate (71), 72-100 empty. Round thick steel plate (101), upper bearing seat (102), Φ75 thrust ball bearing (1.03), Φ76-Φ96 washer (104), Φ75 sealed radial ball bearing (105), and the upper part of the bearing Ring (106), upper and lower bearing washer (107), upper bearing cup (108), upper bearing fixed round nut (109), round nut upper washer (110), Φ64-Φ94 sealing ring (111), upper bearing Gland (112), Φ136—Φ150 upper and lower washer (113), central pipe drain joint (114), short high pressure pipe (115), water pipe anti-rotator fixed steel pipe (116), fixed steel pipe lower round plug (117) , fixed steel pipe round plug (118), water pipe anti-rotation device main (119), anti-rotation lower seal

(120), anti-rotator seal gland (121), anti-rotator seal radial ball bearing (122), anti-rotation bearing cup (123), anti-rotator round nut (124), anti-rotation round nut Upper washer (125), anti-rotator upper seal (126), cable lower seal (127), cable gland (128), Φ 12-18 washer (129), cable gland joint supervisor; (130), Cable upper seal (131), M30 small six turtle screw (132), cable (133), top beam (134), top girders

(135), commonly used lifter elevator (136), common puller lower seal (137), Φ50 thrust ball bearing (138), common puller bushing (139), common lifter oval Lifting plate (140), Φ90-Φ100 sealing ring (141), common puller bearing top ring (142>, Φ50-Φ60 sealing ring (143), Φ50-Φ78 washer (144), M48 nut (145), Common lifter lifting ring (146), common puller pull rod (147), water pipe anti-rotator bearing top tube (148), water pipe anti-rotation device drain joint (149), long high pressure pipe (150), Φ50 bushing (151), 152— 159 vacant. The upper section of the casing (section 2) (160), the inner casing short buckle (161), the inner casing guiding groove upper section (162), the movable inner sleeve Long open and close buckle (163), movable inner sleeve shrinkage pin (164), movable inner casing upper joint water pipe (165), outer casing lowermost bump guide groove weldment (166), movable Casing upper rib (167), fixed outer casing upper section (168), fixed outer casing upper rib (169), casing rib side long screw connecting ring (170λ, inside the movable The tube opening and closing line (171), the movable inner casing long opening and closing buckle (172), the movable inner sleeve lower joint (173), the movable inner sleeve lower joint guiding groove (174), and the movable inner sleeve Ribs (175 joints in the lower section of the casing, the connecting pipe at the lower section of the casing, 176), the lower opening and closing section of the lower casing of the movable inner casing (177), the lower joint of the movable inner casing (178), the activity The lower part of the lower part of the inner sleeve is threaded (179), live The inner bottom sleeve of the lower rib of the inner sleeve (180), the lower outer joint of the outer sleeve (181), the lower outer rib of the outer sleeve (182), and the square alloy piece (183). 184-189 empty. Casing middle shaft (190), casing beam (191), casing upper disc (192), casing lower disc (193), casing hanger hook (194) , the casing rack hook ring (195), the casing lower bracket hook (196), and the casing rack hanging nail rectangular sleeve (197). 198-200 empty. a chuck box movable block (201), a chuck box upper cover (202), a chuck box lower cover (203), a chuck inner layer annular splint (204), a fixed inner layer splint welded rectangular tube (205), Fixed outer fan-shaped gasket (206), chuck outer cleat top column (207), chuck outer layer upper and lower annular splint (208), chuck up and down moving conduit (209), fixed chuck inner layer pin ( 210), welded steel plate (211) on both sides of the chuck box, welding pressure ring (212) on the side of the chuck box, and chuck slider (213) on the chuck box. 214-215 empty. The human retractable water pipe column foot (216), the human retractable water pipe platform lower plate (217), the human retractable water pipe platform upper slab (218), and the human retractable water pipe platform railing (219). 220 empty. Chuck and casing bracket lower foot channel steel (221), chuck and casing bracket channel steel (222), chuck tube lower seat fixing seat (223), movable inner casing third section (.224), central and The lower combined double chuck (225) and the lower telescopic sleeve cylinder (226). 227 empty. Upper telescopic sleeve cylinder (228), upper fixed chuck (229), upper conduit nut (230), chuck and Qin tube bracket column (231), chuck and casing bracket welding beam (232), Chuck and casing bracket top guardrail (233), wellhead retainer bottom ring (234), wellhead retainer top column (235), wellhead retainer middle reinforcement steel ring (236), active inner casing hook (237) · Fixed hook thick steel plate (238), wellhead retainer top ring (239). 240 empty. Weld the ring beam (241) on the top of the retainer. 242—246 is empty. Inner casing bushing shaft (247), double-headed outer screw ^ fixed steel pipe (248), hook baffle (249), double-headed internally threaded pipe (250), radial small bearing (251), hook circle Nut (252), welded shoe ring (253), ring chain '(254). 255- 260 empty. Guide wheel arm center circular steel plate (261), guide wheel arm (262), arm center round plate fixed pipe (263), guide wheel axis (different length) (264), guide wheel baffle (265), guide wheel Radial bearing (266), guide bearing bearing gland (267), guide wheel bearing top ring (268), guide wheel baffle top ring (different lengths) (269), guide wheel bracket rear foot (270), guide wheel Bracket front foot (271), bracket front and rear foot fixed steel tube (272), guide wheel bracket/plate (273), bracket welded steel plate (274), bracket rear foot top tie rod (275), tie rod nut (276), small wire rope (277), Φ40—Φ 120 large washer (278), middle rod of roller (279), short hose (280) on both sides of the rod. 281-283 empty. Reaming basket foot (284), basket center short seamless tube (285), basket center plus climbing seamless tube (286), reaming guide bit (287), drill expansion bit lower and short connection seamless Tube (288), drill-drilling bit lower length long seamless pipe (289), flange-connected tubular drill pipe (290), drill-drilling bit center inner pipe (291), inner and outer hexagonal steel 1⁄2 (292), drilling expansion The lower drill sleeve (293), the lower sliding sleeve drilled into the fin holder (294), the lower sliding sleeve extended bottom flap hinge (295), the drilled fin (296), the expanded bottom flap (297), Octagonal alloy (298), inner and outer hexagonal limit seat (299), extended bottom wing hinged link (300), upper fixed sleeve connecting hinge (301), drilled drill bit shoulder (302), cobalt drill bit method Lan plate (303), adapter (304). 305—309 is empty. Punching the drill center tube (310), cross welding thick steel plate (311), Welded hole repair ring (312), steel plate at the bottom of the bucket (313), cone bucket (314), cone bucket (315), cross blade (316), 414 rectangular sheet alloy (317), center a lower drill bit (318), a small drill lower concave blade (319), a small drill upper concave blade (320), a movable valve bottom plate (321), a movable valve cover (322), a valve assembly beam (323), Live valve shaft bracket (324), valve sleeve (325), valve shaft (326), vent pipe (327) in the bucket, weighted round bar (328), retaining plate circle (329), welded block Seesaw (330), punching drill upper reducer joint (331), punching drill top lifting beam column (332), punching drill bit 'lifter elevator clamp (333), punching drill bit puller lever (334) Φ 60— Φ 80 washer (335), punching drill puller elliptical lifting plate (336), punching drill puller lifting ring (337), spring (338), round nut '(339), Φ 56— Φ 1 16 washer (340), extra thin nut (341), short drill bit (342) at the bottom of the center tube. 343 empty. Groove nut and screw (344), welded thick steel plate (345). 346-354 is empty. Water pipe winch bracket steel plate (355), water pipe winch bracket bottom plate (356), bracket top welded fixed steel pipe (357), spool middle shaft main pipe (358), reel central shaft row, inlet pipe (359), reel middle shaft sleeve ( 360), two sides of the reel (361), a small steel tube fixed outside the reel (362), a widened reel spliced small steel tube (363), a reel bearing (364>, a reel bearing cup (365), Hoist active large gear (366), winch driven pinion (367), winch triangular pulley (368), reel thickened steel plate (369), large hook wedge (370), curved copper tube or seamless tube ( 371), water pipe anti-rotation bearing cup (372), access to the pool suction, drain pipe (373), bracket column reinforcement angle iron (374), gear box outer welded steel plate (375), gear box top welded steel plate (376) Driven gear bearing (377), driven gear bearing cup (378), driven gear center shaft (379), driven gear small hook wedge key (380), bicycle arm (381), with triangular groove friction Wheel (382), wedge-shaped friction block (383). 384-390 empty. 幵Off right roller (391) Switch left roller (392), roller upper mud brush (393), drum side rim (394), roller switch upper connection steel plate (395), welded medium-thick steel plate (396), roller round plug (397), D30 Sealed bearing (398), welded inner end hexagonal steel tube (399), roller right central axis (400), spur gear (401) hook wedge key (402), drum left central axis (403), transmission rod ( ⁴ (M)', transmission rod top ring (405), - fixed column steel plate (406), thick welded steel plate (407), fixed transmission rod guide (408), conduit head welding disc (409 ), steering wheel (410), transmission head head plug (411), bicycle flywheel (412).

V. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The preferred embodiment of the invention is such. Including: 'rushing drill mainframe, inner and outer casings, chucks, casing racks, orifice retainers and inner casing hooks, water pipes and cable guides, water pipe anti-rotation, drill-drilling drills, impact pumping two It consists of 12 parts, including a drill bit, a hand or electric water pipe hoist, a manpower retractable water pipe platform, and a funnel lower roller switch. '

1. The best implementation of the rushing drill mainframe (Fig. 1 - Fig. 5): From the above, the pile driver has the functions of punching, grabbing and drilling. It is completely different from the structure of the traditional pile driver. It has no power head and no drill. The rod is suspended by a wire rope, and the guide groove of the inner sleeve is used as a counter-torque balance mechanism to integrate the sleeve and the drill rod, and the inner sleeve can also be used as a feed if necessary. The power for driving the shaft is a common three-phase asynchronous motor, which is placed directly in the downhole sealed room without a shifting mechanism. Generation of high-tech products - frequency converters to achieve the speed of the motor, so much more flexible, different rock formations can be drilled at different speeds. In the figure, two motors of 7 kW each are placed in the sealed room. If the power is not enough, a sealed chamber can be added. Two more identical motors are added. In the middle, do not need a round thick steel plate, and screw directly between the two connecting rings', but a seal is added in the middle. The pile driver does not use hydraulic pressure to drive the opening and closing of the fin bit, because it is rotating, no matter whether the hydraulic pump is placed on the surface or downhole. Here, the lever principle is skillfully used to hinge the upper end of the connecting rod (8) to the middle of the lever beam (9); the lower end is hinged to the wing bit connecting rod seat (14). One end of the lever beam (9) is hinged to the upper part of the lower cross groove weldment (7); the other end is hinged to the lower part of the boom (10). The upper end of the boom (10) is hinged to the boom seat (11) on the upper part of the hanging cylinder (22). The lower part of the fin bit is welded with a lower joint (13), which is hinged to the upper joint (12) at the lower part of the hanging cylinder (22).

Figure 1 shows the contraction of the pile driver during lifting. In normal drilling, the central fin bit should be removed from the ejector pin (47). Then slowly lower it along the guide groove (162) of the movable inner sleeve (160), but the pile guide rail (62) should not be hung at the end of the movable inner sleeve lower guide groove (174). On, should also maintain a distance. At this time, when the frequency-converted current is turned on, two or four small motors (66) rotate clockwise at a predetermined speed, and the two driving gears (63) drive the driven gear (64), so that the entire center shaft Tubes (69), (4), (3) also follow the rotation. Since there are (49), (37), and (5) hexagonal bushings, the following is the rotating part including the friction cylinder (51), and the above is the non-rotating part (except for the upper central shaft tube (69)). ). When the pile driver starts drilling, there are two cases. First, there is no residue in the hole. After the drill bit (1) is lowered to the bottom of the hole, the weight on the electronic scale disappears immediately. At this time, the fin bit is still closed (in the case of slow speed, the centrifugal force is small), and drilling has not yet started, only after the pilot bit (1) is drilled 180mm (different calibers are different), when it contacts Drilling begins when it reaches the rock formation. Second, there are more debris in the hole. The pilot bit (1) has not yet reached the bottom of the hole. The bit is subjected to resistance, that is, the weight of the lower rotating part is pressed against the wreck, and the weight is slowly reduced on the electronic scale. Small, until zero. In both cases, the pilot bit (1), while being drilled, only bears the weight of the upper non-rotating portion, but this is sufficient, not enough for the weighting chamber to increase the thick steel plate. Also because of its small contact area with the formation (1), under the action of the upper part of the pressure, the rock formation is first engraved, forcing the entire central shaft tube to descend, so that the lower cross groove weldment (7) also carries the lever beam ( 9) One end is lowered, and the wing bit is pressed by the connecting rod, (8) to make it slowly open. The reaction force generated at the other end of the lever beam (9) pushes the suspension cylinder (22) through the boom (10), which reduces the weight to a certain extent, but this weight is always applied to the connecting rod (8). Finally: the weight of the non-rotating part is simultaneously applied to the wing drill bit and the pilot drill bit (1). The central shaft tube is continuously descending, and the connecting rod (8) _: continuously pushes the fin bit to expand outward. At this time, the welded part (29) on the right side is wedge-shaped from the vertical and horizontal directions due to the large edge of the protruding fin, and the chamfered surface of the (29) is tangential to the rock, so it is placed on the (29). The alloy sheet (2) continuously cuts the rock under the action of huge pressure; the welded part (18) in the middle of the back of the flap is also provided with an alloy piece (2) on the outside, and also cuts the rock during the rotation, and passes through the fin The outer layer continuously pulls the cuttings away from the center. From the surface depth gauge, it can be seen that when the pile machine descends to the bottom of the hole, if there is a wreckage, if it is lowered by 180, the wing bit has been opened to the maximum, and it is slightly inclined outward. However, the right (29), middle (18), and left (30) welds on the outside are vertical, so the drilled holes are also vertical. If there is no residue at the bottom of the hole, the fin bit will be opened to the maximum when the depth gauge is lowered by 180 X 2 mm. The theory is like this, it is actually difficult to master in the work. In general, after seeing a 180mm drop on the depth gauge, you should drill a little more, and you should stop drilling until it can't fall any more. At this time, the hole bottom of the drilled hole is not flat. It cuts the rock roughly along the α-track in the lower part of Fig. 1 or Fig. 2, and can be described by a simple image. Some are like a volcanic cone, and slowly rise from the hole wall to the middle. There is a hole in the center.

When the direction of the current after the frequency conversion is changed, the motor will drive the central shaft tube to rotate counterclockwise, and the fin bit will follow in turn. Since the splicing member (30) on the left side does not protrude from the outer edge of the flap, it is also wedge-shaped when viewed from the horizontal and vertical directions, but its chamfered surface is inclined inward. So when the fin is reversing, it creates a pressure that shrinks inwardly due to the presence of the medium, but it does not necessarily make it close. Only when the fin drill is reversed, the weight is controlled on the scale (the upper part is not rotated, or slightly larger), and the pile driver is slowly raised within the range of 180 mm on the depth gauge. At this time, under normal circumstances, the lower rotating portion is not affected, and only the central shaft tube is moved upward, and the inner end of the lever beam (9) and the connecting rod (8) are also raised from ^5. It then produces an inwardly stretched force on the fin bit. Since the upper part of the hanging cylinder and the lower cross groove weldment (7) are equipped with rolling devices, the friction between them is minimized. Therefore, the pressure on the fin bit is not reduced, but it is increased (leverage). Under the combined action of the two forces, the fin bit never leaves the bottom of the hole, but is curved (see Figure 1, or the lower b track of Figure 2). One side is contracted, and the alloy is set on the left side. The piece (2) cuts the "volcanic cone" bulge, and the lithic ridges are entangled in the center by the outer layer of the flank. If you are drilling in a softer sand layer, the grip will be loose after the two forces are applied. When the rope is raised to 180 mm, the four fin bits are completely closed to the lower center tube (3) pre-machined square column. At this time, the protruding "volcanic cone" was almost flattened, which completed the soil grabbing process. If the pile driver is further lifted, it will leave the bottom of the hole until it is raised from the inner casing, and finally it is placed on the specially designed discharge tower. The eight movable plates at the bottom of the funnel retainer can be placed at any time. Hang the shoulder pad (28) on the outside of the cylinder (22), and then loosen the wire rope. Under the upper weight, the wing bit is automatically opened and the waste is unloaded on the funnel or truck. Then lift the steel rope to repeat the above process.

The pile driver designed its own lifting device. It consists mainly of lifting towers, flatbeds and tracks. The tower is somewhat like the tower crane used in construction today, but the structure is very different. Because the angle of ^ ^ rotation is relatively small, generally 120', so add a vertical shaft at the top and three ropes on the shaft. The purpose is to increase the lifting capacity. In addition to the lifting tower fixed on the flatbed, the impact rig lifting equipment is also installed (it is best to use someone's scrap rig to repair during the test), electronic cymbal, depth gauge, frequency converter and so on. The flat frame is on a light rail and is fixed to the rail when drilling. In addition, Next to the orifice, there are pumping for the former - jet reverse circulation equipment, high pressure water pump and power equipment. Pumping - Spraying the skin circulation equipment, as the name suggests, can be used for reverse circulation, but it can also be used for positive circulation drilling. The jet pump and the gravel pump are mainly combined. If the drilling is deeper, if the ability to lift the cuttings is not enough, a sand pump can be added under the hole, which is called pumping and pumping--injection reverse circulation. At this time, if you want to drill more than 100m, there is absolutely no problem. The high-pressure water pump is a three-cylinder reciprocating double-acting horizontal mud pump (BW600/20) used by the geological team. The maximum displacement of the first gear is 36m7h; the maximum displacement of the second gear is 24.6 mVh. This is the largest displacement mud pump for geological use. Because the drilling speed of this pile driver is relatively slow, it is sufficient for medium and small diameter pile drivers. Its main functions are as follows: 1/ It can be connected with four small water pipes on the inner wall of the inner casing. 'High-speed flushing liquid (water or mud) can be used to help cut the rock layer if necessary. 2/ Usually the positive circulation method used to drill, the flushing liquid is just the opposite, from the pump suction: the water suction (碴) tube of the reverse circulation equipment enters the high pressure tube, flows through the bottom of the hole, and then returns to the hole from the borehole space. Mouth, then enter the sedimentation tank. But the workbench and casing here are 2-3m above the ground. There are also workers operating under the stage. Never allow the flushing fluid to flow out of the orifice. At this time, it is better to put the suction pipe of the mud pump into the hole. When the suction stroke is ensured, put it as much as possible, so as to absorb the coarser particles and then put it into the sedimentation tank through the drain pipe. 3/ If drilling with a reverse circulation method, the rinse fluid must be filled from the orifice. Here, another short pressure pipe can be used, one end is connected to the drain joint of the mud pump, the other end is placed in the hole, and then the mud pump is started, and the flushing liquid continuously enters the hole. At this time, if the pumping-spraying reverse circulation is started at the same time, under the huge suction force of the upper part, the flushing liquid with cuttings is sucked into the high-pressure pipe through the guiding bit, and rises to the suction pipe of the reverse circulation device, and then Flow through the drainage tube into the sedimentation tank. 4/ In the case of no casing (except for the orifice tube), if drilling with an impact (main or die) method, the circulating fluid can flow out of the orifice and then into the sedimentation tank. In order not to wrap the high-pressure pipe and cable around the wire rope during impact, they should be removed beforehand, and the high-pressure pipe should be left under the hole, but keep a certain distance from the main machine or the drill bit. At the same time, take another short, high-pressure pipe, one end is connected to the drain joint of the mud pump; the other end is also connected to the drain joint of the water pipe anti-rotation device of the hoist. This ensures that the high-speed flushing fluid reaches the lower part of the hole at any time, which enhances the ability of the cuttings to float upwards, which is much stronger than replenishing the flushing liquid from the vicinity of the orifice. After the final hole, connect the high-pressure pipe or cable, and at the same time reduce the water pipe of the drain joint on the water pipe anti-rotation device of the winch, and then use the mud pump to replenish the flushing liquid from the orifice, and then the hole can be washed by the reverse circulation method. These are the products of the predecessors, not the patented technology, so there is no drawing. However, it is essential in the implementation process, which is mentioned here by the way.

The pile driver can be used as follows without a casing. If the pile driver is placed on the unloading tower specially designed in this patent, the upper non-rotating part is lowered to the lowest point, and the four retracting connecting columns (44) are just placed in the slots of the upper cross groove welding piece (50). At this point, the holes of the two parts are just aligned, and then a long bolt (46) is used to fix them, so that the four wing drill bits are always open. At the same time, it is better to replace the cross shaft drill with a larger diameter at the lower part of the central shaft tube. In addition, temporarily remove the cable (133) and the long high pressure pipe (150) leading to the surface, and finally replace the impact lifter. At this point, it is possible to perform impact drilling in a softer and more stable formation, and directly use the slurry to protect the hole. Although the stiffness and strength of the stalk and the shaft are good, the stroke It should not be too big. The best way to drill is to 'put the high-pressure pipe (150) directly down the bottom of the hole, but there should be a distance from the pile driver, and then use the pressure pump to send the mud as far as possible, that is, first use the positive circulation impact drill Progress. After the final hole, connect the pressure tube (150) and wash the hole by reverse circulation. This method is highly polluting to the environment and conditions are not allowed to be used.

2, the best implementation of the inner and outer casing (Figure 6 - Figure 7): 1) the movable inner casing: it is made of 4-6 painting (depending on the aperture size) steel plate, but at the seam A bevel, without welding. It is called the casing closed line (171). The short joint buckle (161) is welded to the upper left side of the opening and closing line (171) of the casing inner wall, and the long joint buckle (163) is welded to the right side, and is equivalent to the left side of the closing line (171): long buckle (163) A rectangular hole is opened at the position for the upper long buckle (163) to slide along the tie when the sleeve is contracted. At the same time, the short buckle (161) is attached to the left side of the lower part of the opening and closing line (171), the long buckle (172) is welded to the right side, and a rectangular hole is formed to the left side, and the position of the two buckles and the upper part are exactly the opposite. There are round holes in the middle of the buckle, which will become a luxury tube after passing through the small water pipes (165) and (176). However, the lowermost shorting buckle (177) of the lowermost section of the casing (173) is somewhat different from the upper shorting buckle (161). Its holes are graded, and the water pipes can be pulled here but cannot be rotated. The same short buckle (161) is welded to the upper and lower portions which are approximately cross-symmetrical with the opening and closing buckle, but the lowermost short buckle (179) of the lowermost section (173) of the sleeve is different from the upper part, and its round hole is Threaded hole. The three rows of buckles are also threaded with small water pipes (165), (178), but the lower (178) lower part is threaded. The length of the small water pipe is roughly equal to the length of the casing, except that it has more connecting threaded parts (except for the first lower water pipe), and the upper and lower sides are tapered threads, and the upper part of each water pipe must be sunk into the short buckle (161). A small part facilitates the joints between the sleeves. The upper part of the small water pipe can be connected with the high-pressure water pump, and the flushing liquid directly penetrates the bottom of the hole to speed up the drilling speed and concentrate some of the waste pipe in the center pipe (3). In addition, the torsion between the upper and lower casings is partially balanced by the four water pipes.

In addition, the inner wall of the sleeve is specifically symmetrical, and one guide groove (162) is continuously welded at each position, and the bottom portion (174) is closed at the bottom. The groove wall is padded and easy to replace after wear. _{4 The} pile driver guides and balances the torque.

In order to prevent the closing line (171) from splitting in the middle of the sleeve, two pairs of shrinking nails (164) are welded at appropriate positions on both sides thereof, each of which has a small hole, and after each pair of bundled wires, it is taken out through a nearby small hole. The outer wall of the casing is tightened, and then each pair and each casing are connected by wires. Its role, one is to tighten each of the casing, the second is to help the casing shrink, as explained below. ·

The outer wall of the sleeve is symmetrical hexagonally welded with six ribs (167), and three transverse grooves are formed at appropriate positions in the upper and lower portions of each rib. One is used for jointing and hanging the weight of the casing; the other is used for twisting and hanging of the chuck; the lateral grooves on the side are only present in the upper part of the rib, and are used for hanging the rack. In addition, each rib has an oblong hole in the middle of the rib and passes through the sleeve for 3⁄4 hook sling after the sleeve is retracted.

The length of each bushing should not be too long, preferably 800-1200mm. The inner sleeve is not easy to bend when it is long. It is difficult to shrink. At the same time, when inserting the casing, it is necessary to add three to the ground before entering the hole, which increases the height of the table.

In general, in the sand layer and the mud-bearing stratum and in the operation of the water, the outer casing is used together with each other. Sleeve together, there is a bump (180) in the lower part of the inner sleeve rib (175) so that it (181) cannot slide down. Therefore, in the short time of the lower double casing, the inner casing is to bear the full weight of the outer casing (of course, the friction between the outer casing and the rock layer is subtracted). After the final hole, as long as the small water pipes (165) and (176) near the closing line _( 171 ) are pulled out, the casings (160) and (173) will automatically contract (because the inner and outer casings are filled) Sediment), the maximum diameter can be reduced by more than 60 rounds. If it is not suitable, use a lifting frame to gently pull the wire on the outer wall of the casing, and it will gather from top to bottom. At this point, continue to add pressure to the outer casing to cut off the sand layer. Before entering the steel cage, first pull the inner casing, then pour the concrete while pulling the outer casing.

For drilling in formations that are less severely collapsed, only the inner casing is sufficient. However, at this time, the borehole diameter is larger than the diameter of the casing, causing the casing and the hole wall to have no friction, and it is turbulent when drilling. The solution to this problem is as follows. After connecting the lower three bushings first, because each rib has an oblong hole in the middle, use this hole to bolt a long angle steel so that its diameter is slightly larger than the drill diameter. Even if there is a small amount of gravel or rock falling in the drill, the problem is not big. On the contrary, it acts as a fixed sleeve. After the drilling is completed, the steel cage is placed, and the concrete is poured while pulling the casing. In order to strengthen the torsion and suspension capacity of each bushing, a small connecting ring (170) is welded to the upper and lower parts of the ribs at different positions to facilitate the long screw reinforcement between the two bushings. ■

2) A well-sealed fixed outer casing (Fig. 6 Fig. 7): It is made up of 5-8 thick (depending on the diameter) steel plate and then spliced, and the upper and lower parts of each casing are There is a length of 50mm as the overlap part, and if necessary, a pad or a filler can be placed to make it have better sealing performance. Its inner diameter is 4-6 mm larger than the outer diameter of the rib of the movable inner sleeve, preferably 4 mm. The length of each section should be the same as the inner sleeve, but the bottom section is much shorter. There are two reasons. One is to support the lugs of the inner sleeve, and the other is to match the combination chuck. Slider position. The outer wall is also symmetrically welded with six ribs (169), (182). The thickness and size are the same as the inner casing. The radius is slightly different, but it is negligible. The transverse grooves in the upper and lower appropriate positions are also identical to the inner casing ribs, except that the central portion does not have an open circular hole. Under normal circumstances, it is not used alone, and it is combined with the inner sleeve to be inserted into the hole. Particularly suitable for complex formations and water operations. It is also necessary to have a double jacket for some pile holes that require high quality.

In order to make the inner and outer sleeves integrated, it does not cause relative rotation, increasing its torsion resistance. The inner wall of the lowermost section of the outer casing must be equivalent to the position of the bump (180), and a groove is welded by two thin steel plates (166) so that the bumps (180) are just embedded therein, so that they can be at least in one section. There is no problem with the internal and secondary activities.

The above-mentioned punching, grasping and drilling piles can be combined with the inner and outer casings as follows: 1) Double casing drilling and grabbing method. Suitable for water operations and drilling in loose soils, drifting sand layers or mud-bearing formations. For example, hard rock, schist, shale, and siltstone can also be drilled in the middle, but the drilling speed is very slow. This method can eliminate the need of clear water or mud hole protection. It only needs to use high-pressure pump (geological) to spray the flushing liquid (water or mud) directly through the four small water pipes on the inner wall of the inner casing to the bottom of the hole to help cut the broken rock layer. Second, the wall of the hole is protected, and the third is to dilute the cuttings into a paste. If the viscosity is not enough, the mud ball can be put into the hole for easy grasping. If the water level in the hole is high, it is not necessary to spray the flushing liquid through the small water pipe, and the drilling can be directly drilled. This is the most environmentally friendly way to drill. Most suitable for water shortage areas.

2) Single-layer inner casing drilling method. The difference is that the stratum is slightly stable, and only the inner casing can solve the problem. However, the outer side of the casing rib of the lower 2-3 section must be bolted to the angle of the outer casing thickness (width). To increase the friction between it and the formation. This method can be used to protect the holes with water or mud if necessary. However, it is not applicable to water sports.

3) Single and double casing drilling method for catching positive and reverse circulation. The pile driver is equipped with positive and reverse circulation drilling equipment. In order to save the time for the fin bit to rise, fall and unload after the cuttings are grabbed. Therefore, when the counter-clockwise rotation of the fin bit is started, and the steel rope has risen by 180 mm on the depth gauge (different calibers have different distances), it is proved that the grab chip has been completed. At this point, it is possible to continue to raise the short distance upwards in order to make the lower end of the fin bit beyond the residual surface. Then continue to put the pile driver; under, start another drilling process. The cuttings that have been caught at this time are constantly scattered. The solution is to slow down the speed of the pile driver and increase the amount of positive and negative circulation pumps so that the cuttings are quickly discharged to the surface. In this way, the pile driver continuously drills down on the one hand, and on the other hand continuously discharges the cuttings to the surface by positive or reverse circulation. These types of drilling methods are the most convenient if environmental conditions permit. The drilling speed is also faster.

4) Impact positive and reverse circulation drilling methods in single and double casings. When the pile driver is lifted, the lower rotating part is lowered to the lowest point, and the upper cross groove weldment (50) and the retractable top column (44) are separated to the maximum distance. At this time, if a shrinking ejector (47) is added between the two parts, the upper and lower ends are fixed by the long screw (46), and the fin bit is always in a contracted state. Grinding or crushing large rock fragments at the bottom of the hole, especially when drilling with positive and negative circulation methods, should be impacted once in the long run. For example, drill in a softer formation and replace the lower part of the central shaft tube with a slightly larger cross drill bit. If necessary, punch it with a short stroke in a short distance. However, the aperture that is punched out will be much smaller. The only way to do this is to spray the rinsing fluid from four small pipes at a high speed to help cut the rock formation. The second is to use the hydraulic device on the surface to simultaneously press the inner and outer casings or the single-layer inner casing through the chuck to help repair the hole. The cuttings are then discharged to the surface using positive or negative circulation methods. If drilling with a positive circulation method, mud must be used as the flushing fluid: If drilling with reverse circulation method, use flushing water or mud as the flushing fluid. The single layer or double layer casing depends on the stability of the ground layer, and the single layer is not suitable for water work. ·

3, the best implementation of the chuck (Figure 9 - Figure 10) and the simultaneous entry of the inner and outer casing method (Figure 12): 1) The best implementation of the chuck: It is divided into two parts: fixed and active. The fixed part is mainly composed of upper and lower annular cleats (208), and six fan-shaped spacers (206) are symmetrically welded on the outer side; and six top posts (207) are symmetrically welded on the inner side edges. Four of the sector-shaped spacers (206) are opened in the middle, and pass through the upper and lower annular plates (208) and the four conduits (209). The movable part is also composed of two slightly thinner annular splints (204), welded rectangular tubes (205) and a chuck box. The outer diameter of the inner ring-shaped splint (204) is smaller than the inner diameter of the fan-shaped spacer (206) by 0.5 to 1 drawing, and the inner diameter and the annular layer of the annular cleat (208) are the same. Here we want to rotate it (204) by a certain angle, so we open six gaps symmetrically. A rectangular tube (205) is welded between the two splints (204) at the center of the notch. The chuck box (Fig. 10) mainly consists of a movable block (201), an upper cover (202), a lower cover (203), welded steel plates (211) on both sides, a side pressure ring (212) and a movable block push rod (213). composition. It is welded to the inner annular cleat (20 ^; 4) by six chuck boxes at a position without gaps, and it is integrated with the welded rectangular tube (205). The movable block (201) can be moved horizontally inside the box and can be replaced after wear. In it

The outer side of (201) has three holes side by side while passing through the lower cover (203). If the push rod (213) is inserted into either of the three holes, the movable block (201) is in a contracted state. In addition, the lower cover of the chuck box (203 > four holes at different distances, so that the movable block

(201) _; advance to the transverse groove that can clamp the inner and outer casing ribs, or clamp any point on the outside of the rib, and then fix the push rod (213) in the hole of the lower cover (203). Sometimes the moving block (201) is pushed forward to temporarily not touch the ribs, but after the six pieces are pushed into the same position at the same time, the groove at the front end of the moving block (201) is just stuck to the rib. A pressure ring (212) is welded to the outside of the chuck box. After the pressure is applied into the pressure ring (212), it is pushed to the left or right to rotate the entire inner annular cleat (204) and the chuck box 19'. The engagement of the sleeve is fully satisfied, and the larger the radius, the greater the distance of movement. · In general, it is best to push six pressures at the same time, but at least three. This is a bit more troublesome. It is better to use hydraulic control after the test is successful. If you want to fix the chuck box, just place the pin (210) on the inner and outer layers, the holes of the annular plates (204) and (208) after welding the rectangular tube (205). To achieve the goal.

The chuck designed here is not just to solve the problem of the joint of the sleeve and the weight of the sleeve, but also enables it to simultaneously pull and press the sleeve. In this way, a single chuck is not enough, even two are combined, and it is installed in three places on the casing (Figure 12). The lower part is connected by two single chucks, so that the movable blocks (201) of the upper and lower chucks are just stuck to the transverse grooves of the inner and outer casing ribs. It is attached to the shaft of the telescopic cylinder (226). In addition to joining or separating the inner and outer sleeves, the inner and outer sleeves can be simultaneously depressed or lifted. The middle part is also welded together by two single chucks, but it is hung under the shaft of the sleeve cylinder (208) (which can be smaller than the lower cylinder). It is mainly used to join or separate the inner and outer casings, but it It also has an auxiliary effect on the pressing or lifting of the casing. Both chucks move up and down on the four conduits (209), and their distance of movement is the length of the sleeve. The upper part is a single chuck (229), which is fixed to the bracket surface by a large nut (230). All of the lower chucks (225) are loosened during the short period of time when the double casing is lowered, and at this time (229) acts to hang the entire weight of the inner and outer casings.

2) The method of simultaneously inserting the inner and outer casings (Fig. 12): Firstly hoist the inner casing 's lower section (173) with the casing (Fig. 8), in general _; and the lower foot channel steel (221) There should also be a distance. At this point, use the combination chuck (225) to clamp the ribs transverse grooves; then lower the second sleeve (160) of the inner sleeve so that their ribs are exactly one position, and then Central combination chuck! ^ To the lowest position, use the movable block (201) of the six lower chucks to 'clamp the Π60' to any point of the ribs, and then turn in the same direction so that their ribs are aligned with each other. A connecting ring (170) is welded to both sides of the upper and lower ribs near the casing joint. See Figure 6. The outer diameter of the (17.0) is the same as the thickness of the rib. Used between two connecting rings (170) A long screw is worn, which increases the torsion and suspension between the casings. Finally, the third section inner sleeve (224) is lowered. At this time, the top of the (224) is basically the same as the bracket platform surface, and the position of the middle combination chuck is used (Fig. 12). Section (160) ribs; use the upper card to tighten the third section (224) of the inner sleeve to join them, then put on the long screw. Next, the first section (181) of the outer sleeve is also lifted by the casing, so that the lug guiding groove of the inner wall is temporarily slid along the rib of the inner sleeve to the lower combined chuck (225). The movable block (201) of the upper chuck (229) clamps the upper inner sleeve (224), simultaneously releases the lower combined chuck (225), lowers the card, and then continues to lower the outer sleeve lower section (181) until Lower the inner casing rib bump (180). At this time, use the lower combination chuck. (225), the lower card is tight inside and outside. The transverse groove of the sleeve, and then the upper and lower chucks are fixed by the bolt (210). Then you can start drilling under the pile driver. When drilling to a depth of a considerable length of casing, loosen the upper chuck (229) and use the casing to lift the upper casing (168). When lifting to the lower combination chuck (225), use the upper chuck (229) to clamp the third section (224) of the inner casing. At this time, it is better to loosen the card above the lower combination chuck (225). The upper sleeve (168) of the fixed outer sleeve is continued to the bottom, and then the upper card is used to engage them, and the long screw is used to penetrate the connecting ring (170) on both sides of the rib. The central portion is then retracted and the lower combination chuck (225) is released, and the lower combination chuck (225) is raised to a length of the sleeve, and its upper and lower chuck movable blocks (201) are properly clamped. The transverse groove of the outer casing ribs, at the same time loosen the upper chuck (229), and then the shaft of the lower sleeve cylinder (226) is contracted, and the pressure is stopped until the length of the sleeve is 3⁄4. Continue drilling in the future and repeat the above process. After the problem is solved, the promotion is of course no problem.

4. The best implementation of the casing (Fig. 8): The upper disc (192) and the lower disc (193) cut by the two medium-thick steel plates are welded to the lower part of the shaft (190) in the middle of the rack. Symmetrical splicing of six lifting beams (191) on the disk (192), two holes for each outer end for hanging hooks (194), upper hooks (19 lower wearing a hook ring (195) 5倍。 Then the lower part of the chain is passed through the ring. The length of the chain should be 2.5 times the length of each sleeve. A hook ring (195), and the top and bottom of the ring (196).

(196) Simple to manufacture, take a medium-thick steel plate, the upper perforation, the lower part cut off, and the bottom left two nails, just enough to fit into the lateral groove on the side of the casing rib. At the same time, a rectangular sleeve cut out of a rectangular tube is placed on the lower hanging nail (1.96).

(197), it can move up and down, but can't quit. When the casing is to be hung, the rectangular sleeve (197) is moved upward, and the lower hanger (196) exposes the two nails, and then pushes it toward the lateral groove of the casing rib, 'and puts down the rectangular sleeve (197) After the six ribs are set, the casing can be pulled up.釆 Use a chain to pull 5-6 tons of weight, and six can pull 30-36 tons. If the inner casing weight is 0.15 t/ra, the weight of the inner casing of 200 m or more can be hung.

5. The best implementation of the orifice retainer and the inner casing hook (Fig. 12-Fig. 13): 1) The best implementation of the orifice retainer: mainly by the bottom ring of the retainer (234) and the top circle; (239 ) Composition, both are cut out in medium-thick steel plates, but the upper one should be slightly thicker. 12 pillars (235) cut by medium-thick steel plates are symmetrically welded between the two rings (234) and (239). In order to make the top column (235) more stable, two reinforcing steel rings (236) made of round steel are continuously welded to the lower outer diameter. A ring beam (241), also made of round steel, is welded to the inside of the top ring (230). In order to facilitate the hanging of the chain (254), six small notches are opened at the symmetrical position inside the top ring (239), and it must be in the middle of the two top columns (235) with a bisector angle of 60·. A hook ring (195) is placed over the notched ring beam (241) to form the orifice retainer.

2) The best embodiment of the inner casing hook (Fig. 13); on the thick steel plate (238) of the hook, a steel pipe (248) with double external thread is fixed, which passes through a shaft (247), which (247) It can be freely rotated and telescoped in the steel pipe (248). The front end is fixed with a baffle plate (249), and a small radial bearing (251) is added at the rear end, and is pressed by a nut (252). A double-ended internal threaded pipe (250) is placed on the double-ended outer-threaded steel pipe (248), and the central axis (247) of the hook is integrally connected by the bearing (251) and the nut (252). Weld a hoof ring (253) on the nut (252). In addition, the upper part of the thick steel plate (238) of the hook is thinned, and a hole is drilled, a hook ring (195) is inserted in the hole, and then a loop is worn between the upper and lower hook rings (195) ( 254), its length is such that the central axis of the casing hook (247) is approximately the center of the oblong hole of the positive rib. This is the so-called inner casing hook. For the specific operation process, first use the casing to pull the contracted inner casing to the length of one section (Fig. 12). The central axis of the hook (247) is about the center of the long circular hole of the positive rib. Hand grasp the hoof ring (253), and the other hand quickly rotates the double-end threaded tube (250). At this time, the hoof ring (253) does not follow, but the center shaft (247) quickly protrudes forward, double-ended thread After twisting, the center shaft (247) extends to the maximum. At this time, use the hoof ring (253) to adjust the length of the baffle (249) to be approximately the same as the direction of the long hole of the rib, then push it forward, and use the hoof ring (253) to turn the baffle (249) 90°. The other hand quickly reverses the double-ended internal threaded tube (250) until the hook is compacted to the inner sleeve. After the six hooks are finished, the wire that was originally tied to the inner sleeve shrinkage pin (164) is cut or removed. , and remove the long bolts on the side of the ribs between the two sections of the casing. At this time, the upper and lower casings are generally in an engaged state, and it is not difficult to loosen them. As long as the ribs of the upper section are pushed inwardly by hand, the sleeve will automatically loosen after the sleeve is contracted. At this point, the casing can be pulled up and placed in a specially parked space. Repeat the above process until the end of the drawing.

6. The best implementation of the water pipe and cable guide (Fig. 14): It consists of two parts: the bracket and the triangular guide wheel. The bracket is welded on the bottom plate (273) with two short forefoot (271) and two long rear legs (270). The front leg (271) is slightly wider than the rear leg (270), and the purpose is to open a threaded hole on each of the upper two sides thereof for Install the bearing gland (267). The upper and middle sides of the bracket are welded with flat steel or steel plate '(274) for reinforcement; and the front and rear welded steel tubes (272) for reinforcement. The top of the rear foot (270) is fixed with a nut (276) to a tie rod (275), and the pull rod (275) is inserted through a roller (279) in the middle, which is free to rotate, and a hose (280) is worn at each end.

The composition of the triangular guide wheel is to weld three small steel tubes (263) symmetrically at the edge between the two central circular steel plates (261), so that it (261) is composed as a whole, and then on the edges of the center circular steel plates (261) on both sides. Weld three guide wheel arms (262) for 3⁄4^. The servo is also welded with a small steel tube (263) in the middle of the three pairs of arms, and a lateral guide shaft is mounted on the outside of the two pairs of arms. (264), the shaft (264) is fitted with three circular baffles (265), separated by a different length of the top ring (269), and it is also a water pipe and cable chute. The guide shaft ' (264) is fitted with a small radial bearing (266) at each end and a top ring (268) between the bearing (266) and the baffle (265). Thus, a threaded hole is opened at the outer end of the arm, and then the bearing is pressed with an externally threaded bearing.

(267) Secure the guide shaft (264) to the arm. In addition, a hole is opened at the outer end of the other pair of arms, while passing through a longer horizontal axis (264), which (264) simultaneously passes through the front foot of the bracket (271>. The shaft (264) also ends A small radial bearing (266) is installed. There is a top ring (268) between the bearing (266) and the arm (262). There is also a space between the outside of the arm (262) and the inside of the forefoot (271). Large washer (278) for guiding the triangular guide wheel. Finally, the entire triangular guide wheel is also fixed to the bracket with the externally threaded bearing gland (267). To control the angle of rotation of the triangular guide wheel, close to the rear foot ( 270) The lower side of the pair of arms is selected to drill a hole in the appropriate position, and a steel rope (277) is attached, and the other end of the steel rope (277) is attached to the top of the casing bracket to control the maximum rotation of the arm. The angle is 155°, at which time the horizontal axis of the pair of arms with the small holes and the horizontal axis of the bracket are on the same horizontal line, that is, the maximum distance the arm extends.

It is bolted to the side of the casing bracket top face retainer. When the pile driver is lowered into the hole, the hose winch and the cable winch are relaxed at the same time, so the water pipe and the cable are also followed by the pile driver. They pull the triangular guide wheel and immediately flip 155°. At this time, there are exactly two The wire rope is pulled so that it can no longer be rotated. The water pipe and cable are then lowered onto the drum (279) and rolled on the guide wheel of the perforated arm. On the drum (279), the sliding is dominant, which increases the friction between them and can only slowly descend with the pile driver. When the pile driver is lifting and unloading, the hose winch and the cable pattern are driven to make them roll up slowly, as discussed below. When the pile driver rises to the top, it reaches the guide wheel, so the entire triangular guide wheel turns over, and the pair of arms with the small holes are poured onto the tie rod (275) m hose (280). The other pair of arm guide wheels act as supporting water pipes and cables, allowing them to smoothly follow the pile driver to the unloading tower for unloading. Then the pile driver is lowered into the hole and the above process is repeated.

7. The best implementation of the water pipe anti-rotation device (upper part of Fig. 5): Fix a steel pipe (116) sealed with steel plate (117) in front of the pile driver and the side of the lifting beam (135), and cut the diameter in the upper part. About half or so, but the top part still retains a complete part, and a round plug ( _{118) is} welded in it, and then an anti-rotator main pipe (119) is fixed on the round plug (118), and the main pipe (119) is added. Two sealed bearings (122), a top-loading cylinder (148), an upper round nut (124), and a washer (125) on the top surface of the (124). A bearing cup (123) is placed on the outer side of the bearing (122). To protect the bearing from damage under the strong pressure under the well, it is necessary to add two sealing rings (120) and a gland (121). Press it (120). The upper part of the anti-rotator main pipe (119) is also provided with two smaller sealing rings (126), which (126) are not allowed to seal the main pipe (119) and also seal the bearing cup (123). Then, the upper part of the bearing cup (123) is screwed to the 'water joint' (149), and the (149) is used to press the seal ring (126), and the upper part is connected to the long high pressure water pipe (150) connected to the surface. There is no direct contact between the lower part of the drain connection (149) and the top of the water pipe anti-rotation device (119). They are at least 2mm apart Above, this ensures that they do not interfere with each other. The lower (19) lower and the pile center pipe drain joint (114) are connected by a short high pressure pipe (115), which constitutes a complete circulation mechanism. Whether it is a single high-pressure water pipe that leads to the surface or the rotation of the lower pile machine is solved by the friction of the bearing and the seal.

8. The best implementation method for drilling and expanding the drill bit (Fig. 15): Take a thick tube with a large thickness as the center tube (291), and put an inner and outer hexagonal steel tube (292) on the outer wall. It is similar to the outer diameter of the center tube (291), and the space at both ends is filled with solder. A pilot bit (1) is attached to the lower part of the center tube (291). At the lower end of the inner and outer hexagonal steel pipe (292), a lower sliding sleeve (293) is provided, which is cut out by a slightly larger inner and outer hexagonal steel pipe, and is freely movable between them. Of the six planes of the lower sliding sleeve|;293), three of which are welded into the fin holder '294 (294) and three welded bottom flaps (295), which are both made of thick steel plate and grooved to make. Then three bolted fins (296) and three hinged flaps (297) are bolted to them, respectively, both the drilled fins (296) and the expanded fins (297). It has a sink and is fitted with an 8-point column alloy (298). The lower sliding sleeve (293) has an inner and outer hexagonal moving seat (299) which can be bolted to different positions on the inner and outer hexagonal steel tubes (292), so that the expanding flaps (297) can be opened at different angles. . The inner and outer hexagonal steel pipes of the inner and outer hexagonal steel pipes (292) are welded to the inner and outer hexagonal steel pipes, which are called the fixed sleeves. The outer symmetrical welds three upper fixed joints (301), which should correspond to the lower bottom flap hinges (295). The center tube (291) has a smaller diameter at the 'section, then welds the shoulder pad (302) and the flange (303). Finally, the connecting rod (297) and the upper fixing sleeve connecting hinge are hinged by the connecting rod (300) to form a drill bit.

The specific action process is as follows. First, the change joint (304) is connected to the pile driver, and the pile machine wing drill bit is fixed to the contracted state. The drill bit is then hoisted into the orifice retainer and its shoulder pads (302) are supported by two square tubes. At this point, the flange of the adapter and the flange of the drill bit can be bolted together. Then adjust the position of the inner and outer hex moving seats (299) as needed, and tighten with screws. The other threaded holes are also bolted with short screws to prevent the flushing liquid from ejecting. In the lower part, the airfoil is in a contracted state, and the middle part is in a medium drilling state, the aperture is the same as that of the upper pile machine, and the upper part is the maximum drilling and expanding state. In the lower sliding sleeve (293), the drilling fin holder (294), the expanding bottom flap hinge (295), the drilling fin

Under the weight of (296) and the bottom flap (297), the bottom flap (297) is in a contracted state. At this point, the drill bit can be lowered into the bottom of the hole together with the pile driver. At the beginning of the drilling, the pilot bit (1) is subjected to a large upper pressure, so it first picks up the rock and slowly sinks into the 3⁄4 layer. The central inner tube (291) and the inner and outer hexagonal steel tubes (292) descend. The upper fixing sleeve connecting hinge (301) is also lowered, which pushes the connecting rod (300), so that the expanding bottom flap (297) is slowly opened, and when the opening is maximized, the bottom flap is expanded at this time. (297) and the pilot bit (1) fall synchronously. If the hole expansion is completed, the pile driver and the drill bit are drilled, and the bottom flap is extended by the weight of the lower bottom flap (297) and the hinge seat (295).

(297) It will naturally contract again, and then it can be raised outside the hole. The drilling fins (296) and the bottoming fins (297) of the drill-drilling bit are bolted or hinged, drilled and expanded at the same time, and can also be removed, separately expanded or drilled. However, the hole diameter is smaller when drilling alone. This drill-drilling bit can be used for positive and negative circulation. If you want to drill or ream a long distance, you can do so by adding a tubular drill pipe (290) between the upper part of the drill bit and the lower part of the adapter (304). Tubular drill pipe

(290) Can also be used as a conduit for concrete after the final hole.

This drill bit can only be reamed after the final hole, and it cannot be reamed in a certain section in the middle. For example, when you enter the casing, you will encounter large gravel in the middle, and the casing will not go down. At this time, you must ream the hole. In order to solve this problem, an upside down three-legged reaming basket is added to the lower part of the drill bit. The three basket legs (284) are welded to the circumference of the center short seamless pipe (285), and a plurality of seamless pipes (286) of the same diameter are attached to the lower end of the (285), and their lengths are The position of the hole to be reamed depends on the distance of the bottom of the hole. A reaming guide bit (287) is also added to the lower end of the seamless pipe (286). At the same time as reaming, in order to facilitate the use of the forward and reverse circulation method to discharge the cuttings to the surface, the guide head must be removed at this time (1) ), and add a few seamless pipes of the same diameter as the center pipe (291) (288 (289), their length should be at least 310mm higher than the bottom surface of the reaming pilot bit (different calibers are different in length), The upper (289) should be the largest reaming state. It is only necessary to fasten the three basket legs (284) to the drilling fin holder (294) with a bolt. When reaming the pilot bit (287) After going down to the bottom of the hole and rotating the center inner tube (291) at the same time, the connecting rod (300) pushes the bottoming fin under the great pressure of the upper part (297 and continuously cuts the rock (reaming). Although the drill bit (287) rotates, it does not have enough pressure to cut the rock. Only when the bottom flap (297) is opened to the maximum, the inner and outer hex limit seats (299) are simultaneously pressed against the bottom flap hinge ( 295) and drill into the fin mount (294), at this point the center inner tube (291) has been lowered Therefore enlarged bottom flap 310

(297) Synchronous drilling with reaming pilot bit (287). The cuttings are cut to the surface by positive and negative circulation methods. '

There are drill-drilling drill bits here. For other mechanisms, there are several drilling methods, namely, the method of drilling the drill bit with the casing (single or double-layer) and drilling and expanding the drill. When drilling is not possible, it is necessary to drill in a harder formation. At this time, first remove the main guide bit (1), replace the change joint (304), and then bolt the drill bit to the drill. When drilling, it is relatively simple to use a separate drilling method. Simply screw in the feed fins (296), but the diameter is much smaller. If it is required to go up and down. It is not difficult to connect the same diameter. Also, bolt the bottom extension flap (297), and fix the inner and outer hexagonal limit seat (299) in the middle position, so that you can drill in one side. Reaming, upper and lower diameter. The cuttings can be discharged to the sedimentation tank by a positive or reverse circulation method. 'This drilling method is ideal. There are 12 kinds of subdivisions, but they are all similar. They are suitable for a wide range of strata, less than the hardness of limestone. (including limestone) Rocks can be drilled. The drilling speed is soft. Hard and fixed. The double thick casing is suitable for water work as follows.

9. The best implementation of the impact pump 2-in-1 bit (Fig. 16): Take a thicker seamless pipe as the bit center tube

(3L0), 'Set a circular storage bucket bottom steel plate (313) on the lower part and weld it. The steel plate (313) is symmetrical 90°. Open a hole with a nearly triangular shape, 'then connect the screw and the grooved nut under the four triangular holes. A live valve bottom plate (321) smaller than the 1/4 circle area, one on each bottom plate (321) Lively. It consists of a live valve cover (322), a valve lifter (323), a valve spool support (324), a valve sleeve (325), a valve spool (326) and the like. The bottom steel plate (313) of the bucket is welded to the central pipe to weld four venting pipes (327), which also pass through the bottom plate of the valve (321). In addition, the truncated cone bucket (314) is welded to the outer edge of the (313), and the upper cylinder bucket (315) is also welded to the upper portion. A cross-thick steel plate (311) is welded between the four triangular holes of the steel plate (313) at the bottom of the storage pipe at the outer diameter of the center pipe (310), and the lower portion of the steel plate (311) is cut to include the storage bucket. At the same time, it cuts the straight groove in the longitudinal direction of the bottom of (311) for inserting the long blade (316). Fix it (316) to the cross welded thick steel plate with several screws and slot nuts (344). Under (311) (see enlarged view of the soil). The long blade (316) has a lower longitudinal groove and a continuous grooved flat sheet alloy (317). After welding, the blade is ground on the grinding wheel. On the design drawing, a thick steel plate is vertically welded on both sides of the cross-jointed thick steel plate (311), and a short blade is also mounted on the lower portion thereof. The outer diameter of the cross-welded thick steel plate (311) is welded to a perforation ring (312), and the lower portion is welded with a columnar alloy (2). In addition, a hole is made in the middle of the middle, and a shackle made of round steel is placed in the middle. The plate is circled (329) and welded. It is mainly used to reinforce the cross welded thick steel plate (311) and the welded retaining plate (330). Four dams (330) are cut from the truncated cone. A drill bit (318) is mounted at the lower end of the center tube (310), and a concave blade (319) and a concave blade (320) are welded to the bottom. The bottom of the blade is also welded with a flat rectangular foil alloy (317). It (318) has two functions, one for guiding; the other is to use a reverse circulation to wash the hole, it (318) is a suction port. However, this drill bit (318) is only suitable for drilling in softer formations. To drill in a hard bedrock, simply replace it with a short bit (342) without a bone, so that its blade and the long blade (316) are on the same horizontal line. A reducing joint (331) is added to the upper portion of the center tube (310). A pair of lifting beam columns (332) are symmetrically welded on the upper portion of the cross-welded thick steel plate (311), and a beam (135) is mounted thereon, and an impact puller is connected through the screw shaft in the middle. It is mainly composed of a lifter elevator (333), a drawbar (344), a small washer (335), an oval lifting plate (336), a lifting ring (337), a spring (338), a round nut (339), a large washer. (340), special thin nut (341) and other components. Finally, four weighted round bars (328) are welded to the outer diameter of the upper portion of the center tube (310).

The specific actions are as follows: When the lifter lifter (337) is lifted with a twisted or left-turned steel cord, the spring (338) is compressed, forcing the oval lifter (336) to rise and finally being rounded by the round nut. "There is death", so the entire rushing drill bit is lifted. When it rises to the second fixed height, the lifting mechanism is released. At this time, the drill bit drops rapidly, and the volume of the flushing liquid and the waste sputum also rapidly expands. At this time, they have to follow the Huasan One way is to increase, one is the vent pipe (327), the other is the lower large and small annular space between the hopper and the hole repairing ring (312) (the middle is separated by the cross welded thick steel plate (311)), the third is live The bonnet (322) is forced open, and the rinsing liquid and waste cockroaches directly enter the hopper from there. Finally, after being blocked by gravity and blocked by the upper retaining plate (330) and the weighted round bar (328), they change direction and quickly drop into the bucket. At this time, the valve cover (322) is also automatically lowered and closed. Draw the drill bit down to the bottom of the hole After that, the steel rope is relaxed, and the oval lifting plate (336) and the lifting ring (337) are automatically rotated through a certain angle. The next time the steel rope is lifted, the drill bit is turned over a certain angle. When there are a certain amount of decommissioning in the storage tank after a plurality of impacts, if the valve cover (322) cannot be opened, the inlet valve can be accessed from the annular space and the venting pipe (327). After the hopper is full, lift it to the floor and place it on a special device. The bonnet (322) is opened and the waste is removed, and the remaining water is rinsed off. After drilling, if you need to wash the hole with positive or reverse circulation, first connect the long high pressure pipe (150) to the reducer joint (331), and at the same time, in order to prevent the bit from rotating during the descent, it may cause The hose is rolled onto the wire rope. It is best to replace the general drill with a bearing. This method can also be used to clean the bottom of the hole during drilling. This drill also has a feature that the blade can be processed at any time after being blunt. In order to cooperate with the double-layer casing, the diameter of the matching drilling bit should be smaller than the diameter of the main engine, that is, smaller than the inner diameter of the guiding groove of the inner casing. It does not affect its individual use.

With the impact pumping two-in-one drill bit, if you cooperate with other mechanisms, you can also have the following drilling methods, that is, in the casing (single or double layer) plus the punching drill positive and negative circulation drilling method. If the upper part is a loose sand layer and the lower part is a hard rock formation, the main machine (crushing drill) cannot cope. At this time, the upper part can be drilled by single-layer or double-layer casing. The lower part can be replaced with a small one-stage impact-cylinder two-in-one drill bit for forward and reverse circulation. When the design depth requirement is reached, it is too hard to re-expand. , that is, stop drilling. If the formation conditions permit, the hole should be reamed (upper and lower diameter or enlarged). At this time, only the drill bit that has been modified by this patent is connected to the main machine, and the same cycle or reverse circulation method is used for drilling. Can achieve the goal.

10. The best implementation of the hand or electric water pipe winch (Fig. 17): It consists of a bracket, a reel, a transmission mechanism and a suction and drain anti-rotation mechanism. The brackets are composed as follows. Two smaller steel plates (355) are welded to the bottom plate (356), and the reinforcing angle iron (374) is welded next to it. The bracket steel plate (355) has a threaded hole in the middle of the two sides for mounting the bearing cup (365). Two fixed steel tubes (357) are welded on the top and can also be used as lifting beams. The composition of the reel is as follows. Take a thicker seamless pipe and cut it into two sections, and machine the inner and outer threads; the left section is the central axle main (358); the right section is the central axle row, water pipe (359), and close to the male thread end A notch is cut while the inner diameter is widened, and then a curved copper tube or seamless tube (371) is welded thereto. In addition, a small-sized seamless tube, called the middle shaft sleeve (360), is placed in the middle of the central shaft main pipe (358), and a circular baffle of the same diameter is welded to each end of the sleeve (360) (361). ), it (symmetric welding) eight fixed small steel tubes (362). In order to increase the diameter of the reel and reduce its weight, eight (or twelve) widened small steel tubes (363) are symmetrically welded to the outer edge of the baffle (361). A circular hole is opened at a suitable position on a baffle (361) on the right side of the elbow (371). The spool is fixed to the center axle main pipe (358) with a key (370). After the center shaft main pipe (358) is connected to the row and inlet pipe (359), it is fixed to the bracket steel plate (355) by bearings (364) and bearing cups (365). ' Install an anti-rotation mechanism at the right end of the row and inlet pipe (359), which is basically the same as the water pipe anti-rotation device on the upper part of the 3⁄4 machine. The difference here is that the bearing (122) has no seal at the bottom, so the bearing cup (372) is shorter, and the water connection (149) is not connected to the long-high pressure water pipe (150), but the suction to the pool. Drainage pipe (373), others are the same, not to repeat here. The transmission mechanism is mounted on the left side of the bracket steel plate (355). First, a threaded hole is opened in the lower part for fixing the bearing cup (378), and then a gear box is connected with a steel plate (375), (376), etc., one side of which is connected. It can be closed without steel plates, which is convenient for gear installation. Then, a large circular hole is opened in the upper middle portion of the steel plate (375) on the left side of the gear box, which is at least equivalent to the diameter of the driving gear (366). Then, at the lower part of the position corresponding to the lower threaded hole of the bracket steel plate (355), a threaded hole is opened. In the gear case, the driving gear (366) is fixed to the center shaft main pipe (358), and the V-belt pulley (368) is fixed to the outside. In addition, the driven gear center shaft (379) is fixed by a bearing (377) and a bearing cup (378) at the lower portion of the gear case. Then, the driven small wheel (367) is fixed by a key (380) in the box; the triangular groove grinding wheel (382) is fixed outside the box, and the bicycle arm (381) is fixed at the outer end. A movable wedge-shaped friction block (383) is placed over the bracket bottom plate (356) under the triangular grooved grinding wheel (382).

The specific process is as follows. In this design, an auxiliary platform (not shown here, not a patented part) is provided beside the chuck and the casing bracket seat, and their height and size are basically the same. A hose hoist, cable winch, hydraulic pump and matching motor are placed on the auxiliary platform. Among them, the water pipe hoist is the largest. Before use, connect the suction and drain pipe (373) to the drain connector (149) and tie it with a cable tie. The other end is connected to the pumping-spraying reverse circulation mechanism and then to the pool. Then pass the head of the long high pressure pipe (150) through the round hole of the drum baffle (361), and then attach it to the curved seamless pipe (371) and tie it tightly. Then, the high pressure pipe (150) is wound onto the drum by electric motor or by hand; the tail is connected to the drain joint (149) of the pile machine water pipe anti-rotation device, and is also tightly fastened with a cable tie. Finally, the wedge-shaped friction block (383) is adjusted so that there is only a little friction between it (383) and the friction wheel (382). At this point, the pile driver can be lowered into the hole, and as long as it is gently pulled, the high pressure pipe (150) can automatically follow. When lifting the pile driver, first open the wedge-shaped friction block (383) 3⁄4 ^. Then, the converted current is input into the motor, so that the high pressure pipe (150) can be raised at a speed slightly higher than the steel rope rising speed, and then the artificial wood block (383) is used for artificial control so that their rising speeds are substantially equal. After the pile refers to the orifice, if it is transferred to the discharge tower to remove the sputum, the high pressure pipe (150) also follows. Then repeat the above process. The cable is not mentioned here, mainly using the cable winch of the predecessors.

11. The best implementation of the manpower retractable water pipe platform (Fig. 11): Take two 10mm thick steel plates and process them into a round shape. The lower part is called the lower plate (217); the upper part is called the upper plate (218). Here, several holes are processed, and a large square hole is formed in the middle, and the two ends are half-shaped to process some slightly larger holes. These M holes are for leaking water. In addition, a double hole is made in the semi-circle at the two ends for the welding rail (219). Four legs (216) are welded to the lower pad (217).

The specific action process is as follows: the long high pressure pipe (150) is terminated to the pumping and spraying of the skin circulation mechanism and then to the pool. Then put it (150). The "8" shape is placed on the platform, and the rest is connected to the drain connector of the top of the pile driver. (149) above. After the rise and fall of the high pressure pipe, manpower manipulation is required.

12. The best implementation of the lower roller switch of the discharge tower funnel (Fig. 18): Take two short seamless tubes (391) with larger diameters,

(392), cut half of them in the middle (more than 392 cuts), leave a small part at both ends, and weld with a round plug (397), this is called the drum, the right drum (391) is fixed with the key (402) A longer shaft (400) and a left roller (392) hold a shorter shaft (403). Then, a spur gear (401) is fixed at the same end of the two shafts (400) and (403) so that their pitch circle diameter and drum diameter are the same. The two shafts (400) and (403) are respectively fixed to the welded medium-thick steel plate (396) by bearings (398). A mud brush (393) is fixed on each side of the drum by bolts on both sides of the mouthpiece, and can be replaced after being worn. Secondly, a long transmission rod (404) is fixed on the column foot of the discharge tower, and the (404) end sleeve is placed in the welding inner and outer hexagon sleeve (399) of the right roller shaft (400), which can be , After moving a certain distance: The other end is fixed with a steering wheel (410), and a bicycle flywheel (412) is also threaded on the right side. Make it (410) normally only rotate clockwise, 'left drum (392) rotates counterclockwise, cracks appear when you turn to the cut part, the switch opens, if you turn to two cuts Relatively and perpendicular to each other, the switch reaches its maximum. At this time, if it is continuously rotated, the switch will gradually become smaller until it is closed. If necessary, if the right roller (391) is rotated counterclockwise, the transmission lever (404) will be pulled, and the flywheel (412) will leave the catheter head. The fixing nail of the welding disc (409) can be reversed. Simply use bolts to the steel plate at the bottom of the funnel. -

Claims

1. The technical features of the rushing pile driver are as follows: 1) Dynamic characteristics. Because the fin bit is slowly cutting the rock during the opening and closing process, the drilling speed is slower, so the power required is smaller. This design uses only two 7KW small motors. If the power is not enough, add one sealed chamber and two 7KW small motors. There is no shifting mechanism here, mainly using modern high-tech products - frequency converters to achieve the speed of the motor, so much more flexible, different rock formations can be drilled at different speeds. 2) Transfer torque characteristics. The pile driver has no power head, no drill pipe, and is suspended by steel wire, so that it can be lifted freely. The guide groove of the inner casing is mainly used as a counter-torque balance mechanism, that is, the drill pipe and the casing are integrated, and the inner casing can also be used as a drill pipe if necessary. 3) Construction features. The opening and closing mechanism of the fin bit is different from the conventional grab, driven by rope or hydraulic. B It is rotating, and the hydraulic pump is not convenient whether it is placed on the surface or downhole. Here, the lever principle is used skillfully, so that the lower end of the connecting rod (8) is hinged to the connecting seat (14) of the airfoil bit, and the upper end is not directly hinged with the lower cross groove welding member (7), so that the cross groove is slightly lifted upward. The fin drill will leave the bottom of the hole and will not catch the cuttings. Here it is hinged to the middle of the lever beam (9), one end of the lever traverse (9) is hinged to the lower cross groove weldment (7), and the other end is hinged to the lower end of the boom (10). Then, the upper end of the boom (10) is hinged to the boom seat (11) on the upper part of the hanging cylinder (22). Four pieces of fin drills, each piece is cut into three different trapezoids by three pieces of 10 coffee thick steel plates, which are bent and then welded together. The lower 3⁄45 knife edge is a fragile part. For the convenience of welding alloy. Sheet or spray-welded alloy powder, it is additionally machined and bolted. Three wedge-shaped wear-resistant (geological) steel sheets are welded to the lower part of the back of the drill bit, and each has a lateral water tank at a distance of 3⁄4. The lower part of the knife edge does not need to be welded with steel sheets and is directly machined from the outer layer. The right weldment (29) protrudes more from the edge of the wing and is wedge-shaped from both vertical and horizontal directions. Its beveled face is tangential to the rock formation. A certain number of alloy sheets (2) or spray-welded powders are welded vertically on the edges. The intermediate weldment (18) is wedge-shaped in the vertical direction and rectangular in the horizontal direction, and the alloy piece (2) or spray-welded alloy powder is also welded on the outer slope. The left-hand weldment (30) has no protruding edges and is consistent with the outer edge of the airfoil. It is also wedge-shaped when viewed from the vertical and horizontal directions. Its beveled face is inclined inside, and the alloy piece (2) is not welded here, but Some alloy powder should be sprayed on the surface. In order to ensure that the fin bit can also cut the rock when it is reversed, a certain number of alloy sheets (2) or spray-welded alloy powder should be welded on the inner edge. The lower ten-slot weldment (7) of the pile driver itself is relatively long, so the torsion resistance of the connecting rod (8) is relatively large. Due to its special structure, when the fin bit is being tensioned, that is, when the load is increasing, the lower cross groove weldment (7) is also lowered to offset the increased load of the connecting rod (8).

When the pile driver is working, the friction between the central shaft tube and the hexagonal bushing (37) connected to the hanging cylinder is large, which will directly affect its upper and lower activities. In order to solve this problem, here, three steel balls are added to each plane of the inner hexagon socket so that it is in direct contact with the plane of the central hexagonal shaft, which greatly reduces the friction between them and makes the central shaft tube active. freely. Secondly, when the flap is closed and closed, the friction between the connecting rod (8) and the lower cross groove weld is also large, affecting its vertical and horizontal movement. To solve this problem, a fixing frame (32) is fixed to the outside of the lower end of the lower cross groove weldment (7), and the frame is fixed. Install 3⁄4" a roller (34) with a thick bolt on each side to allow the connecting rod (8) to directly contact the roller (3:4.): this greatly reduces the friction between them and makes the connecting rod (8) Free movement. 4)^ The opening and closing characteristics of the wing drill bit. When the motor drives the central shaft tube to rotate clockwise, the lower rotating part follows the rotation, and the wing bit is still closed at the beginning. (1) Under the great pressure of the upper part without rotating part, the rock layer is first engraved, and the central shaft tube is forced to descend, so that the lower cross groove weldment (7) is also lowered with one end of the lever beam (9). The rod (8) presses the fin bit to make it slowly open. The reaction force generated at the other end of the lever beam (9) is pushed by the boom (10) to hang the cylinder (22), which is reduced in degree. The weight makes the wing bit easier to open. The central shaft tube is continuously lowered, and the connecting rod (8) continuously pushes the wing bit outward. At this time, the alloy piece (2) of the right welding piece (29) starts to cut the rock layer. And constantly shifting the cuttings to the center. From the surface The meter can see that when the pile machine descends to the bottom of the hole, if it drops another 180 coffee (the depth is different for different calibers, and the first drilling should be more drilled), the flap has been opened to the maximum, this It is slightly inclined outward, but the right (29), middle (18), and left (30) welds on the outside are vertical, so the drilled hole should also be vertical. But the bottom of the hole is not flat, it It cuts the rock along the trajectory of the wing. It can be described by a simple image. Some are like a "volcanic cone". It is slowly raised from the hole wall to the middle, and there is a hole in the center. At this point, you should drill more and repair the hole wall. garden.

When the central shaft tube rotates counterclockwise, the fin bites follow one after the other. Due to the action of the weldment (30) on the left side and the presence of the medium (residue), a pressure is created which causes it to contract inwardly, but it does not necessarily confuse it. Only when the fin drill is reversed, the weight is controlled on the scale (the upper part is not rotated, or slightly larger), and the pile driver is slowly raised within the range of 180 mm on the depth gauge. At this time, the connecting rod ( ) exerts a force on the fin bit to pull inward. However, the pressure on the fin bit has not been reduced, but has increased. Under the cooperation of the two forces, it never shrinks from the bottom of the borehole, but shrinks in a lone line, and cuts the convex part of the "volcanic cone" with the alloy piece (2) of the inner layer. The lower cuttings are continuously drawn into the center by the outer layer. If it is a softer sand layer, it will loosen under the action of the two forces. When the pile driver is raised to 180, the fin bit is completely closed. At this time, the protruding "volcanic cone" was almost flattened, which completed the process of grasping the soil. If you continue to lift the pile driver, it will leave the bottom of the hole until it is raised outside the hole.

5) Based on the above principles, pile drivers of different calibers can be designed as needed. The minimum should be around Φ 800- Φ 900, and the maximum can be larger than Φ 3000. Because the calibre is too small, the interior can not fit the motor; the lever beam (9) is too short to be unfavorable. The drill bit is closed. The larger the diameter, the easier it is to design, and the larger power motor can be placed in the sealed chamber.

2. The inner and outer casings unique to the pile driver: 1/ The technical characteristics of the inner casing are as follows: 1. The design is broken, and the guide grooves (162) and (174) of the casing are used for the reaction torque. The balance mechanism, which integrates the drill pipe and the casing, and if it is drilled where the casing is not required, the patented special drill bit is used instead. The 2 〃 sleeve is made of a thin plate, and no special welding is required on the opening and closing line (171), and a pair of special shackles are welded on the opening and closing line (171), and a circular hole is opened therebetween, which is formed by a small water pipe. And open a rectangular hole on the left side of the buckle for the contraction of the buckle. 3 In addition to the pair of special buckles that are welded and closed (171) welded, a single buckle (Γ61) is welded to the place where it is approximately symmetrical, and a small water pipe is also worn between them. Its work One is to balance the torque between the casings, and the other is that the small water pipe can be connected with the upper high-pressure water pump (geological), and the flushing liquid can directly flow to the bottom hole wall to improve the drilling efficiency. 4〃 In order to prevent the closing line (171) from splitting in the middle of the casing, two pairs of shrinking nails (164) are welded at appropriate positions on both sides of the (171), each of which has a small hole, and after each pair of bundled wires, 'wear A small hole in the vicinity is taken out of the outer wall of the sleeve, and then it is fastened, and then each pair is connected with the wire between the Φ-section sleeves. The outer wall of the casing is symmetrically hexagonally welded with six ribs (167), and three transverse grooves are formed at appropriate positions in the upper and lower portions of each rib. One is used for jointing and hanging the weight of the casing; the other is used for twisting and hanging the chuck; the lateral grooves on the side are only present on the top of the rib for the hanging of the rack. In addition, each rib has an oblong hole in the middle of the rib and passes through the sleeve for the sleeve to be retracted and then the hook is hung.

2/ The technical characteristics of the fixed outer casing are as follows: The steel plate slightly thicker than the inner casing is rolled and then welded. The upper and lower sections of each bushing have a length of 50 mm as an overlap (except for the lower part of the lower section). The inner diameter of the casing is 4-6 mm larger than the outer diameter of the movable inner sleeve, and the outer wall is also welded with six ribs. The thickness, size and transverse grooves of the casing are the same as those of the movable inner casing. In the middle, there is no open hole in the middle. Under normal circumstances, it is used together with the inner sleeve. In order to integrate the inner and outer sleeves and increase their torsional resistance, the inner wall of the outermost sleeve of the outer sleeve, that is, the position of the bump (180) corresponding to the lowermost rib of the inner sleeve, A guide groove is welded to each side of the book steel plate to embed the bump (180) therein. There is no problem with the inner and outer casings moving up and down within a section.

3. The technical characteristics of the chuck are as follows: 1/ Mainly utilize the horizontal expansion process of the chuck box moving block (201) to clamp or loosen the ribs of the inner and outer sleeves. Easy to replace after wear. 2/The chuck box is welded between the inner ring-shaped splint (204), and a pressure ring (212) is welded to the right end of the outer end. For example, the pressure is applied to push the inner annular splint (204). Turn left and right 19°, purpose ^: to engage or separate the inner and outer casings. 3/ The entire chuck is connected to the four tubes (209) of the casing bracket, which can be moved up and down and balanced. 4/ This design installs the chuck in three places on the casing bracket, and the lower part is welded together by two single chucks, which are fixed on the shaft of the sleeve type cylinder (226), except that the inner and outer jackets can be engaged or separated. Outside the tube, the inner and outer sleeves can also be pressed or pulled at the same time. The middle part is also welded together by two single chucks, but it is hung in a sleeve type cylinder

(228) Under the shaft (less than the lower cylinder), it is mainly used to join or separate the inner and outer casings, but it also assists in the pressing or lifting of the casing. The upper part is a single chuck (229), which is fixed to the bracket surface by a large nut (230). In the short time of the double-layer casing, all the lower chucks (225) are loosened, and at this time (229), the weight of the inner and outer casings is suspended. 5/ As long as the position of the welded pipe (205) is in place, the inner and outer annular cleats (204),

After the hole of (208) is aligned, add a pin (210) to fix the chuck. ,

4. The technical features of the casing are as follows: Specially designed for hanging the inner and outer casings, because the outer walls are welded with six ribs in a symmetrical hexagonal shape, and the lateral sides are provided with transverse grooves at appropriate positions on the upper side. Therefore, with the center axis (190) as the center, six lifting beams (191) are symmetrically welded on the upper disc (192) surface, which are radially, and the outer hooks are connected to the upper hooks (194), and the lower part is worn one by one. Hook the ring (195). Wear a 5- to 6-tonne chain (254) in the ring (195) due to the braiding relationship. Not shown in the picture. The chain (254) is 2.5 times longer than the length of the casing. Then wear a hook ring (195) in the lower part of it (254). Also take a thicker steel plate, the upper part is slightly thinner and wear a hole; the other side of the lower part is also thinner, but the bottom leaves two nails; the side also cuts off the part, but the lower part leaves two Shoulder, this is the lower peg (196), and a rectangular sleeve (197) cut out of a rectangular tube is placed therein, and the lower peg (196) is then placed in the peg ring (195). Finally, the middle shaft (190) is placed on the puller for general drilling, and the lifting casing operation can be performed.

5. The technical characteristics of the orifice retainer and the inner casing hook are as follows: 1/orifical retainer: mainly weld some top pillars (235) between the upper and lower annular steel plates (239) and (234). Made. Two reinforcing steel rings (236) are welded to the middle and lower parts of the top column (235). The top ring (239) has six small notches on the inside, and a ring beam (241) made of round steel is welded on the surface, and a hook ring (195) is also placed on the notch to suspend the ring. Chain (254). This is the purpose of this design. 2/Inner casing hook: A medium-thick steel plate (238) is hung by a chain (254), and a steel pipe (248) with a double-headed external thread is welded to the lower part, and the pipe passes through a shaft (247). It (247) - the end is fixed with a hook baffle (249), the other end is added with a small radial bearing (251), and is pressed with a round nut (252). Finally, the shaft (247) and the double-ended internal threaded pipe (250) are connected by the cooperation of the bearing (251). This allows the rotation of the shaft (247) and the rotation of the double-ended internal threaded tube (250) to be undisturbed. For convenience, weld the hoof ring (253) to the outer edge of the round nut (252). Such a hook can swing and rotate at will.

6. The technical characteristics of the water pipe and cable guide are as follows: 1/ Take two smaller round steel plates (261), the edges of which are connected to three fixed pipes (263), and the two round steel plates (261) are symmetrically welded on the circumference. Steel plate - guide wheel arm (262), and a fixed tube (263) is welded between the three pairs of arms. This constitutes a triangular guide wheel, but its axis of rotation is not at the center of the guide wheel, but at a fulcrum of the wheel. This structure facilitates the turning of the entire guide wheel and does not affect the lifting and lowering of the TT machine. 2/ Install a horizontal shaft (264) on the outer ends of the two pairs of arms (262), with radial small bearings (266) at both ends, and fix them to the arm by a threaded bearing gland (267) (262) ). The horizontal axis (264) is provided with three circular baffles (265) separated by a top ring (269) of different lengths. To prevent movement of the baffle (265), there is a small top ring (268) between it (265) and the bearing (266). 3/ In order to support the entire triangular guide wheel, a bracket must be provided. Two short forefoot (271) and two long rear legs (270) cut from the steel plate are welded to the bottom plate (273), and the front leg (271) is wider than the rear leg (270). The upper and middle welded flat steels (274) are reinforced on both sides of the bracket; the welded steel tubes (272) are reinforced before and after. Rear foot (270) top nut

(276) Fix a tie rod (275) with a section of the roller (279) and a hose (280) at each end. The front leg (271) has a threaded hole on each of the upper two sides. 4/open a corresponding hole at the corresponding position of the outer end of the other pair of arms (262), which also passes through a slightly longer horizontal axis (264), and the second end is also fitted with a radial bearing (266), but Instead of the arm (262), the bearing gland (267) is attached to the threaded hole in the front foot (271) of the bracket. To facilitate the introduction of meat, add a slightly larger top ring (269) between the arms (262); add a slightly smaller top ring (268) between the bearing (266) and the arm (262); A washer (278) is also enlarged between the arm (262) and the front foot (271) of the bracket. 5/ Drill a hole in the appropriate position on the lower side of the pair of arms near the rear foot (270) and attach a small wire rope (277). 7. The technical characteristics of the drill bit are as follows: 1/ This drill ^ ¹ "The upper part of the drill must be connected with the change joint (304), and then it can be used with the pile machine to drill positive and reverse circulation. 2/ with the predecessors The drill bit is somewhat different, the lower hinge part of the front is fixed, and the upper hinge part is movable. The design is opposite to the previous one, fixing the upper hinge seat and making the lower part

Hinged seat activity. During the drilling and expansion process, the pilot bit (1) is firstly engraved under the action of the upper part of the pressure, so that the inner and outer hexagonal steel tubes (292) welded in the central inner tube (291) are followed by the lowering, which also drives the upper connection. The hinge (301) is lowered, and the link (300) pushes the bottom flap (297) to slowly open. When the limit seat ( ² ") on the inner and outer hexagonal steel tubes (292) is pre-fixed to the lower hinge (295), the dung piece ( ²⁹⁷ ) is opened to the maximum, and the drill bit (1) and the extension are now expanded. The bottom wing (297) is descending synchronously. The guiding drill bit (1) here firstly has the following uses for the rock formation: one is the positioning function; the other is that the residual debris is concentrated on the guiding bit during the reverse circulation drilling. The sleeve (293) is also a hexagonal steel tube, - its surface is symmetrically welded with three expanded bottom hinges 295) W three drilled fin holders (294). The bottom extension flaps (297) or drills can be separately installed. Inlet: t (296), or both can be installed at the same time, that is, it can be separately expanded or drilled, or drilled and reamed at the same time. 4/If you want to drill long distances, you do not need to enter the casing. It is only necessary to add a tubular drill pipe (290) between the upper part of the drill bit and the lower part of the change joint (304). This tubular drill pipe can be used as a conduit for concrete pouring. Reaming in a certain section of the middle, here, add a three-legged reaming basket to the top of the drill bit. Ffi Its three feet ( 284 ) are inverted and bolted to the drilling fin holder (294.). The lower part is threaded to ream the reaming drill bit (287). At the beginning of reaming, it (287) Without drilling, they will only be drilled synchronously when the bottom flaps (297) are opened to the maximum. The cuttings can be discharged to the surface using the positive and negative loop methods.

8. The technical characteristics of the impact pumping 2-in-1 drill bit are as follows: 1/The former used the impact drill and the pumping drum as two independent drilling tools. Here, the two are combined into one, and a storage is installed on the upper part of the impact drill bit. Bucket, four live 'valves are installed at the bottom of the bucket. When the drill bit drops rapidly, the volume of flushing liquid and waste sputum rapidly expands. At this time, they have to rise along three ways. One is the vent pipe (327), between the two royal buckets and the hole repairing ring (312). The upper and lower small annular space, the third is that the valve cover (322) is forced to open, and the flushing liquid and the waste liquid directly enter the storage bucket. Finally, after gravity and being blocked by the upper sill (330), they change direction and quickly drop into the hopper. At this time, the valve cover (322) is also automatically lowered and closed. 2/ Both the long blade (316) or the short blade (not visible in the figure) are made active and bolted to the thick steel plate (311) with bolts (344). The lower part of the blade (316) is further provided with a longitudinal groove in which the rectangular thin-plate alloy (317) is continuously welded, and then the blade is ground on the grinding wheel. Use blunt and then take it down and process it. 3/Center tube (:310) Design long drill bit (318) and short drill bit (342), which is mainly convenient for normal and reverse circulation washing after final hole. Long bit (318) with a bone, suitable for a softer layer of drilling, for guiding purposes. The short drill bit (.342) does not have a bone, and the long blade (316) is on the same plane, suitable for hard rock drilling. The 4/cross thick steel plate (311) is welded with a hole repairing ring (312), and the lower portion is welded with a columnar alloy piece (2) for trimming, protecting the hole wall and guiding. 5/The valve is not fixed directly on the bottom of the bucket, so it is inconvenient to repair, but it is divided into four to fix it in The other valve bottom plate (321) is then bolted to the bottom plate (313) so that it can be removed for repair at any time. 6/ The long high pressure pipe (150) is not connected during the impact drilling, and the reducer joint (331) is closed by a screw cap. After the final hole, connect the long high pressure pipe (150), and wash the holes with positive and negative circulation.

9. The technical characteristics of the hand or electric water pipe winch are as follows: 1/ The design purpose is mainly to reduce the physical labor intensity. When the pile driver is slowly descending, the high pressure pipe (150) of course also descends. However, for synchronization purposes, this is controlled by adjusting the frictional force of the wedge-shaped friction wood block (383) and the triangular grooved friction wheel (382). This friction force should be such that the pile driver can gently pull the high-pressure pipe (150) to automatically Followed. When the pile driver is to be slowly lifted, the wedge-shaped friction block (383) is loosened, and then the converted current is input to drive the hoisted motor, so that the rising speed of the high-pressure pipe (150) is slightly larger than that of the steel rope. Speed, then use the friction block (383) to artificially control them so that their ascending speed is approximately equal. 2/ A water pipe anti-rotation device is added to the right side of the design to ensure continuous flushing or pumping of the flushing liquid and waste water in the high pressure pipe (150). Especially when drilling in a positive cycle, it is very convenient to use this winch. However, when used in reverse circulation drilling, a large amount of sand, stone and rinsing liquid flow in the curved pipe for a long time, and there is a blockage phenomenon, which is known after further practice. 3/ This design adds a hand-cranking mechanism, not backward, but does not start the motor when lifting the high-pressure pipe (150) within a short distance, simply by hand. In case the high pressure tube (150) is too fast, and it is too late to control, then grasping the arm (381) can solve the problem.

10. The technical characteristics of the lower drum switch of the discharge tower funnel are as follows: 1/ This design cuts two short cylinders (rollers) (391) and (392) into half of them, leaving a small part at both ends. And welding the plugs (397), each of which has a shaft (400), (403), and is fixed on one side of the shaft with a cylindrical gear (401) having the same diameter and the outer diameter of the drum. They should mesh with each other. 2/ If the right gear (401) is rotated clockwise, the cylinders (rollers) (391) and (392) on the same shaft will also be driven to roll relative to each other. A crack occurs when they turn to the cut portion, and the switch opens. If the two sections are opposite and perpendicular to each other, the switch opens to the maximum. After that, if you continue to rotate clockwise, the sag will gradually become smaller. Only when the surfaces of the two cylinders touch each other, the slam is completely closed. 3/ As long as the right gear always rotates clockwise, the rollers (391) and (392) always move upwards and have an upward lifting force, so no matter how many stones are in the upper part, they can't stop it. Their rotation. However, when the switch is initially closed, the rollers (391), (392) will be subjected to a greater resistance, so that a large number of stones will fall in the half of the cylinder. The only solution here is to cut more of the lower part of the left roller (392), causing their edges to be inconsistent during the rotation, so that some cuttings can easily fall to the left without "clamping" the roller. 4/Left (392) and right (391) The upper part of the drum is bolted with a "mud brush" (393), which can be replaced after wear to maintain its tightness.