WO2012054967A1 - Pressure release apparatus for a pressurised container - Google Patents

Pressure release apparatus for a pressurised container Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012054967A1
WO2012054967A1 PCT/AU2011/001359 AU2011001359W WO2012054967A1 WO 2012054967 A1 WO2012054967 A1 WO 2012054967A1 AU 2011001359 W AU2011001359 W AU 2011001359W WO 2012054967 A1 WO2012054967 A1 WO 2012054967A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
pressure release
passageway
valve
release member
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2011/001359
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Desmond John Berry
Original Assignee
Ecokeg Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2010904774A external-priority patent/AU2010904774A0/en
Application filed by Ecokeg Pty Ltd filed Critical Ecokeg Pty Ltd
Publication of WO2012054967A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012054967A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
    • B67D1/08—Details
    • B67D1/12—Flow or pressure control devices or systems, e.g. valves, gas pressure control, level control in storage containers
    • B67D1/125—Safety means, e.g. over-pressure valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
    • B67D1/08—Details
    • B67D1/0829—Keg connection means
    • B67D1/0831—Keg connection means combined with valves
    • B67D1/0832—Keg connection means combined with valves with two valves disposed concentrically

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a pressure release apparatus for use in releasing pressure from a pressurised container, and to containers, valve structures or components thereof for the containers comprising a pressure release apparatus. Particularly, but not exclusively, the invention relates to a pressure release apparatus for use in releasing pressure from a pressurised beverage container.
  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the application and use in releasing pressure from a pressurised container for dispensing beer, although it will be appreciated that the invention may be applied to containers for dispensing other pressurised fluids.
  • Pressurised containers have been used for the storage and dispensing of a range of fluids, particularly the dispensing of liquids such as beers.
  • the supply for commercial establishments has traditionally involved the use of pressurised kegs.
  • Pressurised beer dispensing kegs are typically constructed from a single stainless steel shell, and more recently have been constructed by using multi-layered plastics or composite materials.
  • the kegs may be of a reusable or disposable form.
  • Kegs are typically fitted with a dispensing spear structure comprising a long dispenser tube through which to dispense beer from the bottom of the keg and a valve structure through which to supply pressurising gas into the keg so as to pressurise the contents and force the beer out through the dispensing tube into a dispenser line fitted with one or more downstream dispense fonts, taps or guns.
  • a dispensing spear structure comprising a long dispenser tube through which to dispense beer from the bottom of the keg and a valve structure through which to supply pressurising gas into the keg so as to pressurise the contents and force the beer out through the dispensing tube into a dispenser line fitted with one or more downstream dispense fonts, taps or guns.
  • Typical pressure release systems for pressurised kegs have involved the use of safety control valves, such as discs that are constructed to rupture at certain high pressures, or general pressure release systems are configured into the valve structure such that there is a controlled pressure release on removal of the valve structure from the pressurised keg.
  • the internal pressure of the keg is temperature dependant - meaning a used keg can be subject to a substantial internal pressure increase when stored in a hot or exposed environment.
  • the storage of empty kegs can present a certain risk from over pressurization, which may lead to possible rupture of the keg, particularly if they are stored in environments capable of high temperatures.
  • the invention provides a container for storing and dispensing a fluid under pressure comprising:
  • a pressure release apparatus comprising a pressure release passageway to enable venting of the container when the passageway is unobstructed, and a resiliently deformable pressure release member disposed in at least a portion of the passageway, the pressure release passageway defining an external and internal opening and extending through a wall of the container, or a valve structure or component thereof disposed within the container;
  • the resiliently deformable pressure release member and pressure release passageway are shaped to complement one another to enable the pressure release member to be held in the passageway and to seal the passageway when the container is pressurised.
  • the invention also extends to a valve structure or component thereof for a fluid storage and dispensing container comprising a pressure release apparatus as described above.
  • the container, valve structure or component thereof may be configured for storing and dispensing a liquid under pressure, for example a carbonated beverage such as beer.
  • a component of the valve structure may include a valve member.
  • the resiliently deformable pressure release member comprises a body with a first and second end, the pressure release member being shaped to complement the pressure release passageway to restrict non-destructive removal of the member from the passageway when disposed therein.
  • the internal and external openings of the passageway may be configured to restrict movement or facilitate against removal of the pressure release member.
  • the dimensions of the first end and second end of the resiliently deformable pressure release member relative to its body and the pressure release passageway are shaped to enable the body to extend through the passageway with the first and/or second ends capable of abutting the external and internal openings of the passageway to restrict non-destructive removal thereof and seal the container when pressurised.
  • At least a portion of the first end and/or second end of the pressure release member is resiliently deformable.
  • the pressure release member comprises an elongate body with first and second ends shaped to comprise radial projections or be spherical, flanged, winged, skirted, cupped or a combination thereof.
  • the first and/or second ends may comprise elongate sections for use as a guide to facilitate insertion of the ends into the passageway.
  • the resiliently deformable pressure release member may be formed from a plastics material.
  • the plastics material may comprise one or more elastomers.
  • the elastomers may be a thermoplastic or thermosetting elastomer.
  • the thermoplastic elastomer may be selected from one or more of styrenic block copolymers, polyolefin blends, elastomeric alloys, thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic copolyester and thermoplastic polyamides.
  • the thermosetting elastomer may be selected from a silicone rubber and/or polybutadiene, for example neoprene.
  • the elastomer may be substantially incompressible, for example a hyper-elastic rubber having a Poisson's ratio of about 0.5.
  • the elastomer may be resiliently deformable but not substantially compressible, for example an elastomer material that is capable of changing shape but wherein its total volume remains substantially constant.
  • valve structure comprises at least one valve member comprising the pressure release apparatus.
  • valve structure comprises a valve housing and an inner valve member, wherein:
  • the valve housing is configured for coupling to a neck or opening of a container and for associating a dispenser tube to a dispenser coupler to enable pressurising gas into the container and dispensing of a fluid from the container, the valve housing comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container; an inner valve member movably housed within the body of the valve structure such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure, the inner valve member comprising a body, an upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and a lower end for locating interiorly of the container, wherein the upper end of the inner valve member defines a valve head, and wherein the valve head comprises the pressure release apparatus.
  • valve structure comprises a valve housing, an outer valve member and an inner valve member, wherein:
  • valve housing is configured for coupling to a neck or opening of a container and for associating a dispenser tube to a dispenser coupler to enable pressurising gas into the container and dispensing of a fluid from the container, the valve housing comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container;
  • an outer valve member movably housed within the body of the valve structure such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure, the outer valve member comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container;
  • an inner valve member movably housed within the body of the outer valve member such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure, the inner valve member comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container, wherein the upper end of the inner valve member defines a valve head, and wherein the valve head comprises the pressure release apparatus.
  • the pressure release apparatus may be incorporated into a component of the valve structure, for example a wall of a valve member such as the wall of a valve head.
  • a component of the valve structure for example a wall of a valve member such as the wall of a valve head.
  • the body of the valve member is tubular.
  • the valve head may be upwardly domed.
  • the pressure release apparatus is centrally located within the valve head.
  • the invention also extends to a method for configuring a fluid storage and dispensing container for subsequent release of pressure comprising:
  • a resiliently deformable pressure release member into a pressure release passageway located in a wall of the container, valve structure or component thereof, the resiliently deformable pressure release member and pressure release passageway being shaped to complement one another to enable the pressure release member to be held in the passageway; and pressurising the container so as to seal the container, whereby the container may subsequently be de- pressurised by removing the pressure release member from the passageway.
  • any portion of the pressure release member extending from the external opening of the passageway is trimmed.
  • the removal of the pressure release member from the passageway may be destructive to the pressure release member.
  • the seal provided by the pressure release member is permanently forced open to de-pressurise the container, for example by applying force to damage the pressure-release member, such as by using a punch to force the pressure release member into the container.
  • Figure 1A-D provide vertical cross-sections of a pressurised container showing insertion, trimming, operational configuration and removal, respectively, of a pressure release member from a pressure release passageway comprised within a valve head section of the pressurised container in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 shows an enlarged vertical cross-section of the valve and pressure- release member according to Figure 1 C;
  • Figure 3 shows a partially sectioned elevation of a pressurised container in the form of a beer keg incorporating a liquid container fitted with a dispenser tube and valve structure in accordance with an embodiment of the invention and coupled to a conventional beer dispense coupler.
  • the following embodiments of the invention relate to the application and use in releasing pressure from a pressurised container for dispensing beer, although it will be appreciated that the invention may be applied to pressurised containers for dispensing other fluids including other liquids, such as cider and carbonated beverages.
  • the following embodiments also depict a particular type of beer keg. However, it will be appreciated that the invention may be applied to any type of keg, and furthermore, any type of pressurised container, or valve structure or component thereof.
  • An example of one type of beer keg to which the pressure release apparatus of the invention may be applied can be found in international PCT publication number WO 2006/1 10948, which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • the present invention relates to a container for storing and dispensing a fluid under pressure comprising a pressure release apparatus comprising a pressure release passageway to enable venting of the container when the passageway is unobstructed, and a resiliently deformable pressure release member disposed in at least a portion of the passageway.
  • the invention also relates to a valve structure or valve component comprising the pressure release apparatus, and to a method of inserting and removing the pressure release member from the passageway. For a pressurised container that requires de-pressurising, the pressure release member can be removed from the passageway to facilitate de-pressurization or venting of the container.
  • the pressure release passageway defines an external and internal opening and extends through a wall of the container, or a valve structure or component thereof disposed within the container.
  • the resiliently deformable pressure release member and pressure release passageway are shaped to complement one another to enable the pressure release member to be held in the passageway and to seal the passageway when the container is pressurised.
  • the resiliently deformable pressure release member is typically shaped and made from materials that facilitate its insertion into the passageway, seal the passageway when the container is pressurised, and can be forcibly removed from the passageway to de-pressurise the container.
  • At least one end of the pressure release member is resiliently deformable such that it can be deformed and inserted into or through the pressure release passageway whilst being capable of generally returning to its original shape.
  • any portion of the pressure release member may be formed from a different material or selection of materials. It will be appreciated that a range of configurations, shapes and materials can be employed to enable the pressure release member and pressure release passageway to complement one another so that the pressure release member is held in the passageway, even when the container is de- pressurised, and to seal the passageway when the container is pressurised.
  • the pressure release member may also be shaped to complement the pressure release passageway to restrict non-destructive removal of the member from the passageway when disposed therein.
  • the internal and external openings of the passageway may also be configured to restrict movement or facilitate against removal of the pressure release member.
  • the dimensions of the first end and second end of the resiliently deformable pressure release member relative to its body and the pressure release passageway can be shaped to enable the body to extend through the passageway with the first and/or second ends capable of abutting the external and internal openings of the passageway to restrict non-destructive removal thereof and seal the container when pressurised.
  • the pressure release member may be formed from a resiliently deformable plastics material.
  • the plastics material is preferably food grade material, which is safe for use with beverages.
  • the pressure release member may be formed from a single plastic material, or a blend of two or more plastics materials.
  • the plastics material may comprise one or more elastomers (or rubbers).
  • the elastomers may be thermoplastic or thermosetting.
  • the plastics material may be formed from one or more monomers, comonomers or polymer blends.
  • thermoplastic elastomers are typically a class of copolymers or mix of polymers which consist of materials with both thermoplastic and elastomeric properties.
  • thermoplastic elastomers typically with weaker dipole or hydrogen bonding
  • thermoplastic elastomers are relatively convenient to use in manufacturing, for example, by injection molding.
  • Thermoplastic elastomers may include styrenic block copolymers, polyolefin blends, elastomeric alloys, thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic copolyester and thermoplastic polyamides.
  • TPE block copolymers are Styroflex (BASF), Kraton (Shell chemicals), Pellethane, Engage (Dow chemical), Pebax, Arnitel (DSM), and Hytrel (Du Pont).
  • Specific examples of high performance food grade Hytrels are Hytrel® 4053FG and Hytrel® 4068FG (Du Pont).
  • An example of a TPE polyolefin blend is EXELAST SX from Shin-Etsu Polymer Europe B.V..
  • TPE-v or TPV TPE elastomeric alloys
  • TPE-v or TPV TPE elastomeric alloys
  • ELASTO Dryflex, Mediprene
  • Santoprene Monsanto
  • Geolast Monsanto
  • Sarlink DSM
  • Forprene So.F.Ter. S.p.a.
  • Alcryn Du Pont
  • Evoprene AlphaGary
  • An example of a TPE thermoplastic polyurethane is EXELAST EC from Shin-Etsu.
  • Other suitable elastomers may include polybutadienes or silicone rubbers.
  • Neoprene the major component of which is a polybutadiene of chloroprene, namely 2-chloro-1 ,3-butadiene.
  • the plastics material comprises a rubber, which may be selected from a silicone, neoprene and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber.
  • a rubber which may be selected from a silicone, neoprene and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber.
  • EPDM ethylene propylene diene monomer
  • the properties of rubber materials are typically less temperature dependent than other non-rubber polymeric materials, which is an advantage for application with beverages requiring chilling.
  • the elastomers may be hyper-elastic, for example have a Poisson's ratio in the range of about about 0.5. It will be understood that a Poisson's ratio of about 0.5 would provide a substantially incompressible and isotropic polymer material where upon deformation of the material there would be essentially no volume change of the material, with the volume being conserved and simply displaced.
  • a Poisson's ratio of about 0.5 would provide a substantially incompressible and isotropic polymer material where upon deformation of the material there would be essentially no volume change of the material, with the volume being conserved and simply displaced.
  • the second end of the pressure-release member is formed from a hyper-elastic polymer, when interiorly located inside the pressurised container the internal pressure can deform the second end to facilitate sealing of the end against the opening of the passageway of the pressure release apparatus. In this way, the hyper-elastic nature of the material in the pressurised environment of the container facilitates sealing.
  • valve structure or component thereof comprising the pressure release passageway is made from a harder less flexible material, such as polyoxymethylenes (POMs) or polycarbonates, then it is preferable to use a softer more flexible material for the pressure release member, for example an elastomer such as neoprene or silicone rubber.
  • a softer more flexible material for example an elastomer such as neoprene or silicone rubber.
  • the container, valve structure or component thereof comprising the pressure release passageway is made from a softer more flexible material, then it is preferable to use a harder less flexible material for the pressure release member.
  • the internal and external openings of the passageway may be configured to facilitate against removal of the pressure release member.
  • the pressure release apparatus can provide a single use destructive pressure release system for the container, for example, requiring the forcible removal of the pressure release member from the pressure release passageway, such as by cutting or removing an end of the pressure release member.
  • the pressure release member may be provided in a range of shapes or configurations.
  • the pressure release member may be a poppet.
  • the pressure release member may be spherical.
  • the pressure release member may comprise a body with a first and second end.
  • the configuration of the pressure release passageway, along with its internal and external openings, and pressure release member will typically be complementary such that the member can occupy at least a portion of the passageway and provide a seal for the passageway, at least when the container is pressurised.
  • the member and passageway may be shaped or configured such that the removal of the member requires it to be damaged or destroyed, such as by cutting the member and forcing it back into the container.
  • the passageway can also be configured to enable a safer release of any pressure from the container.
  • the first and/or second ends of the pressure release member may also be shaped to abut the internal and/or external openings of the pressure release passageway.
  • the pressure release member comprises an elongated body wherein the first and second ends are configured to comprise radial projections or be spherical, flanged, winged, skirted, frusto-conical, cupped or a combination thereof.
  • the first and/or second ends may optionally comprise elongate sections to provide guides for facilitating insertion of the ends into the passageway.
  • a section of the second end is shaped to be a winged or outwardly sloping frusto-conical.
  • the internal opening of the passageway can be shaped such that the outwardly sloping frusto-conical end can flex or deform under pressure to seal against the external opening, and/or restrict non-destructive removal thereof.
  • the resiliently deformable pressure release apparatus may be inserted into the pressure release passageway previously formed in a wall of a container, or valve structure or component thereof, before the container is pressurised. Any portion of the pressure release member extending from the external opening of the passageway can also be trimmed.
  • the container can then be pressurised or filled, dispensing taps and valves attached, and used to dispense fluids. When the container is empty and the operator wishes to permanently de-pressurise the container, the pressure release member can then be removed from the passageway.
  • the removal of the pressure release member from the passageway may be damaging or destructive to the pressure release member.
  • the seal provided by the pressure release member is permanently forced open to de- pressurise the container, for example by applying force to damage the pressure- release member, such as by using a punch to force the pressure release member into the container
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a beer keg which provides a container fitted with a valve structure comprising a pressure release apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figures 1A-D show one particular embodiment of the pressure release apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention where the member is inserted into a pressure release passageway located in a valve member of a valve structure coupled to a neck of a container (keg), and then removed.
  • valve structure 102 is shown coupled to a neck of a container
  • An inner valve member 106 is movably (e.g. slidably) housed within an outer valve member 108.
  • the inner valve member 106 comprises a pressure release apparatus in the form of a pressure release passageway 1 10 centrally located in the valve head 106 thereof and a pressure release member 1 12 for insertion into the passageway.
  • the pressure release passageway defines an external opening 1 1 OA and an internal opening 1 10B extending through the wall of the valve member.
  • the internal opening 1 10B of the pressure release passageway is outwardly sloping to provide an abutment surface against which one end of the pressure release member abuts once inserted into the passageway.
  • the pressure release member 1 12 has a first end 1 12A, an elongate body portion 1 12B similarly dimensioned to the passageway and a second end 1 12C.
  • the first end 1 12A comprises a skirted or flanged section 1 12D to abut the external opening of the passageway 1 1 OA and facilitate sealing thereof, and an outwardly extending elongate tip 1 12E to facilitate insertion of the pressure release member into the passageway.
  • the second end 1 12C comprises a winged or outwardly sloping frusto-conical section 1 12F(see Figures 1A and 1 B).
  • the pressure release member 1 12 can be inserted, for example by punching, into the pressure release passageway of the head of the valve member before the valve member is assembled into the valve structure.
  • the ends may be further trimmed, for example the tip of the first end 1 12E can be trimmed back to the flange section 1 12D ( Figure 1 B) to provide a trimmed first end 1 12A ( Figure 1 C).
  • the extended elongate first end 1 12E allows for easy insertion of the rubber valve into the poppet or valve head.
  • the extended elongate first end can be used to pull the rubber valve into place, and typically is trimmed flush with the top surface of the poppet after insertion since it may otherwise interfere with the operation of the beer valve.
  • the first end of the pressure release member 1 12A can be cut away from its elongate body 1 12B and/or forced through the internal opening 1 1 OB ( Figure 1 D). This enables any pressure within the container to be released and prevents any further build up of pressure from within the container during storage thereof.
  • the trimming of the first end when required, can be achieved to provide a flush surface presenting a flat circular face - which can then be punched through to de-gas the keg.
  • the shape and configuration of the member can be designed to ensure it can never return to the sealed position - therefore preventing the keg from being re-sealed.
  • the pressure release member may stay in the vicinity of the passageway and restrict the release of gas - the design can be such that on application of force the member can be displaced or damaged to prevent resealing of the keg.
  • the pressure release member can also be designed to enable insertion, for example by providing an extended elongate end that protrudes through the top of the poppet and allows a gripper to stretch the rubber and move it into the correct position.
  • the pressure release member can be designed to prevent re-sealing of the seal once opened by requiring the member to be permanently damaged on opening of the seal, for example by forming the member from rubber material and designing or trimming the member to be flush with the opening of the passageway such that it restricts or prevents re-fitting and re-sealing of the member into the passageway.
  • the configuration of the pressure release passageway, along with its internal and external openings, and pressure release member will typically be complementary such that the member can occupy at least a portion of the passageway and provide a seal for the passageway, at least when the container is pressurised.
  • the first and/or second ends of the pressure release member may also be shaped to abut the internal and/or external openings of the pressure release passageway.
  • the pressure release passageway can be shaped to provide a (tensioning) shoulder or abutment surface (1 12G, Figure 2) for the pressure release member, which in turn can be provided with a resilient conical or flange shape (1 12D, Figure 2) for pressing against and sealing the passageway.
  • a cone or outwardly extending frusto-conical shape can enable the outer circumferential end to deflect and seal against the passageway when pressurised (see 1 12F, Figure 2).
  • the internal pressure can continue to increase to further enhance the sealing.
  • the seal is particularly effective when a rigid thermoplastic material interacts with a flexible seal material such as an elastomeric material.
  • This arrangement may be reversed, for example the valve and passageway can be made from a thermoplastic material, and the pressure release member can be made from a rigid material.
  • the valve and passageway is made from a thermoplastic material to improve sealing.
  • the passageway and pressure-release member may be used provided they are complimentary to initiate a seal, which is preferably between a flexible component and a rigid component to enhance sealing under pressure.
  • the pressure release member can be configured to be spherical or a round ball and the pressure- release passageway could comprise an oval shaped cavity.
  • Extrusion and blow moulding processes are not typically used for forming the pressure-release member and pressure-release passageway or valves.
  • the pressure-release passageway or valve is manufactured by way of injection moulding, and the pressure-release member manufactured by way of compression moulding, using standard rubber moulding processes.
  • the invention relates to a container comprising a pressure release apparatus but also extends to a valve structure or component of a valve structure comprising a pressure release apparatus as described above for the pressurised container.
  • the container or valve structure may be configured for storing and dispensing a liquid under pressure, for example a carbonated beverage such as beer.
  • the valve structure typically comprises at least one valve member comprising the pressure release apparatus.
  • the valve structure can comprise a valve housing and an inner valve member.
  • the valve housing can be configured for coupling to a neck or opening of a container and for associating a dispenser tube to a dispenser coupler to enable pressurising gas into the container and dispensing of a fluid from the container.
  • the valve housing can comprise a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container.
  • the inner valve member can be movably housed within the body of the valve structure such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure.
  • the inner valve member can comprise a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container, wherein the upper end of the inner valve member defines a valve head, and wherein the valve head comprises the pressure release apparatus.
  • the valve structure may also be configured to comprise a valve housing, an outer valve member and an inner valve member.
  • the inner and outer valve members can each comprise a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container.
  • the outer valve member can be movably housed within the body of the valve structure such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure.
  • the inner valve member can be movably housed within the body of the outer valve member such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure, wherein the upper end of the inner valve member defines a valve head, and wherein the valve head comprises the pressure release apparatus.
  • the pressure release apparatus may be incorporated into a component of the valve structure, for example a wall of a valve member such as the wall of a valve head.
  • a component of the valve structure for example a wall of a valve member such as the wall of a valve head.
  • the body of the valve member is tubular.
  • the valve head is preferably upwardly domed and the pressure release passageway can be centrally located therein.
  • Figure 3 shows a typical beer keg that can be configured to incorporate a pressure release apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a cut away side view of a keg incorporating a valve structure.
  • the pressure release apparatus provided in the valve structure is not shown.
  • the keg 104 comprises an outer hollow shell 104A which encloses and supports a liquid container 104B fitted with a spear structure 1 14.
  • Spear structure 1 14 comprises a dispenser tube 1 16 connected to a valve structure 102 which is secured into an upper cylindrical neck 1 18 of the liquid container 104.
  • the outer shell 104A is formed of two components both moulded of a strong plastics material, for example, high density polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • One component is in the form of an open topped tub to receive the liquid container 104 and the other component is formed as an upper lid which is a pressed fit into the main body part and has a central aperture to receive the neck 1 18 of the liquid container 104.
  • the outer shell 104A may have the same external dimensions and features as conventional stainless steel kegs to enable the keg to be generally handled and filled with the same equipment as standard stainless steel kegs.
  • Liquid container 104 can be blow moulded from an appropriate plastics material capable of preventing permeation of oxygen and carbon dioxide, for example PET, and may be constructed with one or more layers and optional coatings.
  • Container 104 is configured to fit within the outer shell 104A, namely the cylindrical neck and outer shell components.
  • Valve structure 102 comprises a valve housing 122 secured into the neck 1 18 of the container so as to extend from an upper end 124 located exteriorly of the container and a bottom end 126 disposed interiorly of the container.
  • Valve housing 122 can be formed by two separately formed valve body parts 122A, 122B that can be mechanically coupled together by screw fitting.
  • Valve body part 122B can be attached into the neck 1 18 of the container by heat fusion, after which the dispenser tube and various valve components can be installed, before the valve body part 122A is screw fitted to complete the valve housing 122, and retain the valve components in place.
  • valve body 124 is shaped as a female coupling to enable it to be coupled to a conventional beer dispensing system or alternatively to a filling nozzle.
  • the lower end of the inner annular structure of valve body part 122B has an in-turned annular end flange 128 which provides a lower end abutment for an outer valve spring 130 and a lower slide support for a sliding valve member 132 located within the valve body and formed at its lower end with a spigot 134 by which it is connected to the upper end of dispenser tube 1 10.
  • sliding valve member 132 is fitted with an annular valve head member 136 which is biased upwardly by the outer valve spring 130 against a resilient ring 138 which is force fitted into an annular groove formed in valve housing body part 122A adjacent the upper end of the housing.
  • Ring 138 serves as a retainer ring holding the various valve components of the valve structure in an operative assembly and also serves as a valve seat for the annular valve member providing an outer valve effective in filling and dispensing operations.
  • Valve structure 102 further comprises an inner valve member comprising an upwardly domed inner valve head 106A, the inner valve member located within the upper end of tubular valve member 132 and biased upwardly against an O-ring seat in the underside of the annular valve head member 136 by an inner valve spring (not shown).
  • FIG. 3 can also be used to further describe the manner in which a conventional dispense coupler 138 may be fitted to the upper end of valve body 124 and actuated to dispense beer from a container according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a conventional dispense coupler includes a gas inlet 138A to provide a pressurising fluid, typically pressurised gas (for example carbon dioxide) applied to the outer valve of valve structure 102, and a central valve actuating beer outlet tube 138B movable vertically in the coupler by operation of a pivoting handle 138C.
  • a pressurising fluid typically pressurised gas (for example carbon dioxide) applied to the outer valve of valve structure 102
  • a central valve actuating beer outlet tube 138B movable vertically in the coupler by operation of a pivoting handle 138C.
  • a keg may be filled in either an upright or an inverted position.
  • beer is supplied through a filling nozzle to the outer end of valve body forcing the outer valve to open and the beer to flow into the container through outer valve outlet ports, gas within the container escaping through the dispenser tube and the inner valve.
  • Containers fitted with valve structures in accordance with the invention may be used for storing, filling and dispensing other beverages such as cider and carbonated beverages or indeed any liquid to be dispensed under gas pressure.
  • the pressurising gas may be carbon dioxide, nitrogen or any other suitable gas according to the nature of the liquid to be stored and dispensed.

Abstract

This invention relates to a pressure release apparatus for use in releasing pressure from a pressurised container, such as a pressurised beverage container, and to containers, valve structures or components thereof for the containers comprising a pressure release apparatus. The pressure release apparatus comprises a pressure release passageway to enable venting of the container when the passageway is unobstructed, and a resiliently deformable pressure release member disposed in at least a portion of the passageway, the pressure release passageway defining an external and internal opening and extending through a wall of the container, or a valve structure or component thereof disposed within the container. The resiliently deformable pressure release member and pressure release passageway are shaped to complement one another to enable the pressure release member to be held in the passageway and to seal the passageway when the container is pressurised.

Description

PRESSURE RELEASE APPARATUS FOR A PRESSURISED CONTAINER
FIELD
This invention relates to a pressure release apparatus for use in releasing pressure from a pressurised container, and to containers, valve structures or components thereof for the containers comprising a pressure release apparatus. Particularly, but not exclusively, the invention relates to a pressure release apparatus for use in releasing pressure from a pressurised beverage container.
Embodiments of the present invention relate to the application and use in releasing pressure from a pressurised container for dispensing beer, although it will be appreciated that the invention may be applied to containers for dispensing other pressurised fluids.
BACKGROUND
Pressurised containers have been used for the storage and dispensing of a range of fluids, particularly the dispensing of liquids such as beers. In relation to the dispensing of beers, the supply for commercial establishments has traditionally involved the use of pressurised kegs. Pressurised beer dispensing kegs are typically constructed from a single stainless steel shell, and more recently have been constructed by using multi-layered plastics or composite materials. The kegs may be of a reusable or disposable form. Kegs are typically fitted with a dispensing spear structure comprising a long dispenser tube through which to dispense beer from the bottom of the keg and a valve structure through which to supply pressurising gas into the keg so as to pressurise the contents and force the beer out through the dispensing tube into a dispenser line fitted with one or more downstream dispense fonts, taps or guns.
Typical pressure release systems for pressurised kegs have involved the use of safety control valves, such as discs that are constructed to rupture at certain high pressures, or general pressure release systems are configured into the valve structure such that there is a controlled pressure release on removal of the valve structure from the pressurised keg.
After dispensing the contents from a pressurised keg, residual pressure can remain within the keg. The internal pressure of the keg is temperature dependant - meaning a used keg can be subject to a substantial internal pressure increase when stored in a hot or exposed environment. The storage of empty kegs can present a certain risk from over pressurization, which may lead to possible rupture of the keg, particularly if they are stored in environments capable of high temperatures. In relation to disposable kegs, one practice that has developed to alleviate the problem of residual pressure has been to use a sharp metal instrument, such as a screwdriver, to release pressure by forced puncture of the outer cover and inner membrane of the keg, which can present a safety risk whereby kegs with sufficient internal pressures can explode on such puncturing.
There is consequently a need to provide an apparatus for releasing residual pressure from a pressurised container such as a keg.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides a container for storing and dispensing a fluid under pressure comprising:
a pressure release apparatus comprising a pressure release passageway to enable venting of the container when the passageway is unobstructed, and a resiliently deformable pressure release member disposed in at least a portion of the passageway, the pressure release passageway defining an external and internal opening and extending through a wall of the container, or a valve structure or component thereof disposed within the container; wherein
the resiliently deformable pressure release member and pressure release passageway are shaped to complement one another to enable the pressure release member to be held in the passageway and to seal the passageway when the container is pressurised.
The invention also extends to a valve structure or component thereof for a fluid storage and dispensing container comprising a pressure release apparatus as described above.
The container, valve structure or component thereof, may be configured for storing and dispensing a liquid under pressure, for example a carbonated beverage such as beer. A component of the valve structure may include a valve member.
In one embodiment, the resiliently deformable pressure release member comprises a body with a first and second end, the pressure release member being shaped to complement the pressure release passageway to restrict non-destructive removal of the member from the passageway when disposed therein. The internal and external openings of the passageway may be configured to restrict movement or facilitate against removal of the pressure release member. In another embodiment, the dimensions of the first end and second end of the resiliently deformable pressure release member relative to its body and the pressure release passageway are shaped to enable the body to extend through the passageway with the first and/or second ends capable of abutting the external and internal openings of the passageway to restrict non-destructive removal thereof and seal the container when pressurised.
In another embodiment, at least a portion of the first end and/or second end of the pressure release member is resiliently deformable.
In another embodiment, the pressure release member comprises an elongate body with first and second ends shaped to comprise radial projections or be spherical, flanged, winged, skirted, cupped or a combination thereof. The first and/or second ends may comprise elongate sections for use as a guide to facilitate insertion of the ends into the passageway.
The resiliently deformable pressure release member, or one or more of the body, first end and second end thereof, may be formed from a plastics material. The plastics material may comprise one or more elastomers. The elastomers may be a thermoplastic or thermosetting elastomer. The thermoplastic elastomer may be selected from one or more of styrenic block copolymers, polyolefin blends, elastomeric alloys, thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic copolyester and thermoplastic polyamides. The thermosetting elastomer may be selected from a silicone rubber and/or polybutadiene, for example neoprene. The elastomer may be substantially incompressible, for example a hyper-elastic rubber having a Poisson's ratio of about 0.5. In other words, the elastomer may be resiliently deformable but not substantially compressible, for example an elastomer material that is capable of changing shape but wherein its total volume remains substantially constant.
In another embodiment, the valve structure comprises at least one valve member comprising the pressure release apparatus.
In another embodiment, the valve structure comprises a valve housing and an inner valve member, wherein:
the valve housing is configured for coupling to a neck or opening of a container and for associating a dispenser tube to a dispenser coupler to enable pressurising gas into the container and dispensing of a fluid from the container, the valve housing comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container; an inner valve member movably housed within the body of the valve structure such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure, the inner valve member comprising a body, an upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and a lower end for locating interiorly of the container, wherein the upper end of the inner valve member defines a valve head, and wherein the valve head comprises the pressure release apparatus.
In another embodiment, the valve structure comprises a valve housing, an outer valve member and an inner valve member, wherein:
the valve housing is configured for coupling to a neck or opening of a container and for associating a dispenser tube to a dispenser coupler to enable pressurising gas into the container and dispensing of a fluid from the container, the valve housing comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container;
an outer valve member movably housed within the body of the valve structure such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure, the outer valve member comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container;
an inner valve member movably housed within the body of the outer valve member such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure, the inner valve member comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container, wherein the upper end of the inner valve member defines a valve head, and wherein the valve head comprises the pressure release apparatus.
It will be appreciated that the pressure release apparatus may be incorporated into a component of the valve structure, for example a wall of a valve member such as the wall of a valve head. Typically, the body of the valve member is tubular. The valve head may be upwardly domed. In one embodiment, the pressure release apparatus is centrally located within the valve head.
The invention also extends to a method for configuring a fluid storage and dispensing container for subsequent release of pressure comprising:
inserting a resiliently deformable pressure release member into a pressure release passageway located in a wall of the container, valve structure or component thereof, the resiliently deformable pressure release member and pressure release passageway being shaped to complement one another to enable the pressure release member to be held in the passageway; and pressurising the container so as to seal the container, whereby the container may subsequently be de- pressurised by removing the pressure release member from the passageway.
In one embodiment, following inserting the pressure release member into the pressure release passageway, any portion of the pressure release member extending from the external opening of the passageway is trimmed.
The removal of the pressure release member from the passageway may be destructive to the pressure release member. In one embodiment, the seal provided by the pressure release member is permanently forced open to de-pressurise the container, for example by applying force to damage the pressure-release member, such as by using a punch to force the pressure release member into the container.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In order that the invention may be more fully explained, the following embodiments are described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1A-D provide vertical cross-sections of a pressurised container showing insertion, trimming, operational configuration and removal, respectively, of a pressure release member from a pressure release passageway comprised within a valve head section of the pressurised container in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 shows an enlarged vertical cross-section of the valve and pressure- release member according to Figure 1 C; and
Figure 3 shows a partially sectioned elevation of a pressurised container in the form of a beer keg incorporating a liquid container fitted with a dispenser tube and valve structure in accordance with an embodiment of the invention and coupled to a conventional beer dispense coupler.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The following embodiments of the invention relate to the application and use in releasing pressure from a pressurised container for dispensing beer, although it will be appreciated that the invention may be applied to pressurised containers for dispensing other fluids including other liquids, such as cider and carbonated beverages. The following embodiments also depict a particular type of beer keg. However, it will be appreciated that the invention may be applied to any type of keg, and furthermore, any type of pressurised container, or valve structure or component thereof. An example of one type of beer keg to which the pressure release apparatus of the invention may be applied can be found in international PCT publication number WO 2006/1 10948, which is herein incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates to a container for storing and dispensing a fluid under pressure comprising a pressure release apparatus comprising a pressure release passageway to enable venting of the container when the passageway is unobstructed, and a resiliently deformable pressure release member disposed in at least a portion of the passageway. The invention also relates to a valve structure or valve component comprising the pressure release apparatus, and to a method of inserting and removing the pressure release member from the passageway. For a pressurised container that requires de-pressurising, the pressure release member can be removed from the passageway to facilitate de-pressurization or venting of the container.
The pressure release passageway defines an external and internal opening and extends through a wall of the container, or a valve structure or component thereof disposed within the container. The resiliently deformable pressure release member and pressure release passageway are shaped to complement one another to enable the pressure release member to be held in the passageway and to seal the passageway when the container is pressurised.
Pressure Release Member
The resiliently deformable pressure release member is typically shaped and made from materials that facilitate its insertion into the passageway, seal the passageway when the container is pressurised, and can be forcibly removed from the passageway to de-pressurise the container.
Typically, at least one end of the pressure release member is resiliently deformable such that it can be deformed and inserted into or through the pressure release passageway whilst being capable of generally returning to its original shape. When the pressure release member is shaped to provide a body with a first and second end, any portion of the pressure release member may be formed from a different material or selection of materials. It will be appreciated that a range of configurations, shapes and materials can be employed to enable the pressure release member and pressure release passageway to complement one another so that the pressure release member is held in the passageway, even when the container is de- pressurised, and to seal the passageway when the container is pressurised. The pressure release member may also be shaped to complement the pressure release passageway to restrict non-destructive removal of the member from the passageway when disposed therein. The internal and external openings of the passageway may also be configured to restrict movement or facilitate against removal of the pressure release member. For example, the dimensions of the first end and second end of the resiliently deformable pressure release member relative to its body and the pressure release passageway can be shaped to enable the body to extend through the passageway with the first and/or second ends capable of abutting the external and internal openings of the passageway to restrict non-destructive removal thereof and seal the container when pressurised.
To achieve the above described features, the pressure release member may be formed from a resiliently deformable plastics material. The plastics material is preferably food grade material, which is safe for use with beverages. The pressure release member may be formed from a single plastic material, or a blend of two or more plastics materials. The plastics material may comprise one or more elastomers (or rubbers). The elastomers may be thermoplastic or thermosetting. The plastics material may be formed from one or more monomers, comonomers or polymer blends.
Thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) are typically a class of copolymers or mix of polymers which consist of materials with both thermoplastic and elastomeric properties. In contrast to thermosetting elastomers that are covalently cross-linked, thermoplastic elastomers (typically with weaker dipole or hydrogen bonding) are relatively convenient to use in manufacturing, for example, by injection molding.
Thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) may include styrenic block copolymers, polyolefin blends, elastomeric alloys, thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic copolyester and thermoplastic polyamides. Examples of TPE block copolymers are Styroflex (BASF), Kraton (Shell chemicals), Pellethane, Engage (Dow chemical), Pebax, Arnitel (DSM), and Hytrel (Du Pont). Specific examples of high performance food grade Hytrels are Hytrel® 4053FG and Hytrel® 4068FG (Du Pont). An example of a TPE polyolefin blend is EXELAST SX from Shin-Etsu Polymer Europe B.V.. An example of a TPE elastomeric alloys (TPE-v or TPV) include: Dryflex, Mediprene (ELASTO from Hexpol), Santoprene (Monsanto), Geolast (Monsanto), Sarlink (DSM), Forprene (So.F.Ter. S.p.a.), Alcryn (Du Pont) and Evoprene (AlphaGary). An example of a TPE thermoplastic polyurethane is EXELAST EC from Shin-Etsu. Other suitable elastomers may include polybutadienes or silicone rubbers. Another suitable elastomer is Neoprene, the major component of which is a polybutadiene of chloroprene, namely 2-chloro-1 ,3-butadiene.
Preferably, the plastics material comprises a rubber, which may be selected from a silicone, neoprene and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber. The properties of rubber materials are typically less temperature dependent than other non-rubber polymeric materials, which is an advantage for application with beverages requiring chilling.
The elastomers may be hyper-elastic, for example have a Poisson's ratio in the range of about about 0.5. It will be understood that a Poisson's ratio of about 0.5 would provide a substantially incompressible and isotropic polymer material where upon deformation of the material there would be essentially no volume change of the material, with the volume being conserved and simply displaced. For example, if the second end of the pressure-release member is formed from a hyper-elastic polymer, when interiorly located inside the pressurised container the internal pressure can deform the second end to facilitate sealing of the end against the opening of the passageway of the pressure release apparatus. In this way, the hyper-elastic nature of the material in the pressurised environment of the container facilitates sealing.
If the container, valve structure or component thereof comprising the pressure release passageway is made from a harder less flexible material, such as polyoxymethylenes (POMs) or polycarbonates, then it is preferable to use a softer more flexible material for the pressure release member, for example an elastomer such as neoprene or silicone rubber. Alternatively, if the container, valve structure or component thereof comprising the pressure release passageway, is made from a softer more flexible material, then it is preferable to use a harder less flexible material for the pressure release member.
The internal and external openings of the passageway may be configured to facilitate against removal of the pressure release member. In this sense, the pressure release apparatus can provide a single use destructive pressure release system for the container, for example, requiring the forcible removal of the pressure release member from the pressure release passageway, such as by cutting or removing an end of the pressure release member.
The pressure release member may be provided in a range of shapes or configurations. The pressure release member may be a poppet. The pressure release member may be spherical. The pressure release member may comprise a body with a first and second end. The configuration of the pressure release passageway, along with its internal and external openings, and pressure release member will typically be complementary such that the member can occupy at least a portion of the passageway and provide a seal for the passageway, at least when the container is pressurised. The member and passageway may be shaped or configured such that the removal of the member requires it to be damaged or destroyed, such as by cutting the member and forcing it back into the container. The passageway can also be configured to enable a safer release of any pressure from the container. The first and/or second ends of the pressure release member may also be shaped to abut the internal and/or external openings of the pressure release passageway.
In one embodiment, the pressure release member comprises an elongated body wherein the first and second ends are configured to comprise radial projections or be spherical, flanged, winged, skirted, frusto-conical, cupped or a combination thereof. The first and/or second ends may optionally comprise elongate sections to provide guides for facilitating insertion of the ends into the passageway.
In one embodiment, a section of the second end is shaped to be a winged or outwardly sloping frusto-conical. The internal opening of the passageway can be shaped such that the outwardly sloping frusto-conical end can flex or deform under pressure to seal against the external opening, and/or restrict non-destructive removal thereof.
Assembly and Use
The resiliently deformable pressure release apparatus, as described above, may be inserted into the pressure release passageway previously formed in a wall of a container, or valve structure or component thereof, before the container is pressurised. Any portion of the pressure release member extending from the external opening of the passageway can also be trimmed. The container can then be pressurised or filled, dispensing taps and valves attached, and used to dispense fluids. When the container is empty and the operator wishes to permanently de-pressurise the container, the pressure release member can then be removed from the passageway.
The removal of the pressure release member from the passageway may be damaging or destructive to the pressure release member. In one embodiment, the seal provided by the pressure release member is permanently forced open to de- pressurise the container, for example by applying force to damage the pressure- release member, such as by using a punch to force the pressure release member into the container
The drawings illustrate a beer keg which provides a container fitted with a valve structure comprising a pressure release apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
Figures 1A-D show one particular embodiment of the pressure release apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention where the member is inserted into a pressure release passageway located in a valve member of a valve structure coupled to a neck of a container (keg), and then removed.
In Figure 1A, a valve structure 102 is shown coupled to a neck of a container
104. An inner valve member 106 is movably (e.g. slidably) housed within an outer valve member 108. The inner valve member 106 comprises a pressure release apparatus in the form of a pressure release passageway 1 10 centrally located in the valve head 106 thereof and a pressure release member 1 12 for insertion into the passageway. The pressure release passageway defines an external opening 1 1 OA and an internal opening 1 10B extending through the wall of the valve member. The internal opening 1 10B of the pressure release passageway is outwardly sloping to provide an abutment surface against which one end of the pressure release member abuts once inserted into the passageway. The pressure release member 1 12 has a first end 1 12A, an elongate body portion 1 12B similarly dimensioned to the passageway and a second end 1 12C. The first end 1 12A comprises a skirted or flanged section 1 12D to abut the external opening of the passageway 1 1 OA and facilitate sealing thereof, and an outwardly extending elongate tip 1 12E to facilitate insertion of the pressure release member into the passageway. The second end 1 12C comprises a winged or outwardly sloping frusto-conical section 1 12F(see Figures 1A and 1 B).
The pressure release member 1 12 can be inserted, for example by punching, into the pressure release passageway of the head of the valve member before the valve member is assembled into the valve structure.
Once the pressure release member is inserted into the passageway, the ends may be further trimmed, for example the tip of the first end 1 12E can be trimmed back to the flange section 1 12D (Figure 1 B) to provide a trimmed first end 1 12A (Figure 1 C).
The extended elongate first end 1 12E allows for easy insertion of the rubber valve into the poppet or valve head. The extended elongate first end can be used to pull the rubber valve into place, and typically is trimmed flush with the top surface of the poppet after insertion since it may otherwise interfere with the operation of the beer valve.
To remove the pressure release member from the passageway, the first end of the pressure release member 1 12A can be cut away from its elongate body 1 12B and/or forced through the internal opening 1 1 OB (Figure 1 D). This enables any pressure within the container to be released and prevents any further build up of pressure from within the container during storage thereof.
The trimming of the first end, when required, can be achieved to provide a flush surface presenting a flat circular face - which can then be punched through to de-gas the keg. When the pressure release member is punched through - the shape and configuration of the member can be designed to ensure it can never return to the sealed position - therefore preventing the keg from being re-sealed. While the pressure release member may stay in the vicinity of the passageway and restrict the release of gas - the design can be such that on application of force the member can be displaced or damaged to prevent resealing of the keg. The pressure release member can also be designed to enable insertion, for example by providing an extended elongate end that protrudes through the top of the poppet and allows a gripper to stretch the rubber and move it into the correct position. In addition, the pressure release member can be designed to prevent re-sealing of the seal once opened by requiring the member to be permanently damaged on opening of the seal, for example by forming the member from rubber material and designing or trimming the member to be flush with the opening of the passageway such that it restricts or prevents re-fitting and re-sealing of the member into the passageway.
The configuration of the pressure release passageway, along with its internal and external openings, and pressure release member will typically be complementary such that the member can occupy at least a portion of the passageway and provide a seal for the passageway, at least when the container is pressurised. The first and/or second ends of the pressure release member may also be shaped to abut the internal and/or external openings of the pressure release passageway. The pressure release passageway can be shaped to provide a (tensioning) shoulder or abutment surface (1 12G, Figure 2) for the pressure release member, which in turn can be provided with a resilient conical or flange shape (1 12D, Figure 2) for pressing against and sealing the passageway. A cone or outwardly extending frusto-conical shape can enable the outer circumferential end to deflect and seal against the passageway when pressurised (see 1 12F, Figure 2). Once a seal is initiated, the internal pressure can continue to increase to further enhance the sealing. The seal is particularly effective when a rigid thermoplastic material interacts with a flexible seal material such as an elastomeric material. This arrangement may be reversed, for example the valve and passageway can be made from a thermoplastic material, and the pressure release member can be made from a rigid material. In a preferred embodiment, the valve and passageway is made from a thermoplastic material to improve sealing.
It will be appreciated that a range of shapes and configurations between the passageway and pressure-release member may be used provided they are complimentary to initiate a seal, which is preferably between a flexible component and a rigid component to enhance sealing under pressure. For example, the pressure release member can be configured to be spherical or a round ball and the pressure- release passageway could comprise an oval shaped cavity.
Extrusion and blow moulding processes are not typically used for forming the pressure-release member and pressure-release passageway or valves. Preferably, the pressure-release passageway or valve is manufactured by way of injection moulding, and the pressure-release member manufactured by way of compression moulding, using standard rubber moulding processes.
Dispensing Containers and Valve Structures
The invention relates to a container comprising a pressure release apparatus but also extends to a valve structure or component of a valve structure comprising a pressure release apparatus as described above for the pressurised container. The container or valve structure may be configured for storing and dispensing a liquid under pressure, for example a carbonated beverage such as beer.
The valve structure typically comprises at least one valve member comprising the pressure release apparatus. The valve structure can comprise a valve housing and an inner valve member. The valve housing can be configured for coupling to a neck or opening of a container and for associating a dispenser tube to a dispenser coupler to enable pressurising gas into the container and dispensing of a fluid from the container. For example, the valve housing can comprise a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container. The inner valve member can be movably housed within the body of the valve structure such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure. For example, the inner valve member can comprise a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container, wherein the upper end of the inner valve member defines a valve head, and wherein the valve head comprises the pressure release apparatus.
The valve structure may also be configured to comprise a valve housing, an outer valve member and an inner valve member. The inner and outer valve members can each comprise a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container. The outer valve member can be movably housed within the body of the valve structure such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure. The inner valve member can be movably housed within the body of the outer valve member such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure, wherein the upper end of the inner valve member defines a valve head, and wherein the valve head comprises the pressure release apparatus.
It will be appreciated that the pressure release apparatus may be incorporated into a component of the valve structure, for example a wall of a valve member such as the wall of a valve head. Typically, the body of the valve member is tubular. The valve head is preferably upwardly domed and the pressure release passageway can be centrally located therein.
Figure 3 shows a typical beer keg that can be configured to incorporate a pressure release apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 shows a cut away side view of a keg incorporating a valve structure. The pressure release apparatus provided in the valve structure is not shown. The keg 104 comprises an outer hollow shell 104A which encloses and supports a liquid container 104B fitted with a spear structure 1 14. Spear structure 1 14 comprises a dispenser tube 1 16 connected to a valve structure 102 which is secured into an upper cylindrical neck 1 18 of the liquid container 104.
The outer shell 104A is formed of two components both moulded of a strong plastics material, for example, high density polyethylene or polypropylene. One component is in the form of an open topped tub to receive the liquid container 104 and the other component is formed as an upper lid which is a pressed fit into the main body part and has a central aperture to receive the neck 1 18 of the liquid container 104. The outer shell 104A may have the same external dimensions and features as conventional stainless steel kegs to enable the keg to be generally handled and filled with the same equipment as standard stainless steel kegs. Liquid container 104 can be blow moulded from an appropriate plastics material capable of preventing permeation of oxygen and carbon dioxide, for example PET, and may be constructed with one or more layers and optional coatings. Container 104 is configured to fit within the outer shell 104A, namely the cylindrical neck and outer shell components.
Figure 1A can also be used to further describe the valve structure for a pressurised container incorporating the pressure release apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Valve structure 102 comprises a valve housing 122 secured into the neck 1 18 of the container so as to extend from an upper end 124 located exteriorly of the container and a bottom end 126 disposed interiorly of the container. Valve housing 122 can be formed by two separately formed valve body parts 122A, 122B that can be mechanically coupled together by screw fitting. Valve body part 122B can be attached into the neck 1 18 of the container by heat fusion, after which the dispenser tube and various valve components can be installed, before the valve body part 122A is screw fitted to complete the valve housing 122, and retain the valve components in place. The upper end of valve body 124 is shaped as a female coupling to enable it to be coupled to a conventional beer dispensing system or alternatively to a filling nozzle. The lower end of the inner annular structure of valve body part 122B has an in-turned annular end flange 128 which provides a lower end abutment for an outer valve spring 130 and a lower slide support for a sliding valve member 132 located within the valve body and formed at its lower end with a spigot 134 by which it is connected to the upper end of dispenser tube 1 10.
The upper end of sliding valve member 132 is fitted with an annular valve head member 136 which is biased upwardly by the outer valve spring 130 against a resilient ring 138 which is force fitted into an annular groove formed in valve housing body part 122A adjacent the upper end of the housing. Ring 138 serves as a retainer ring holding the various valve components of the valve structure in an operative assembly and also serves as a valve seat for the annular valve member providing an outer valve effective in filling and dispensing operations.
Valve structure 102 further comprises an inner valve member comprising an upwardly domed inner valve head 106A, the inner valve member located within the upper end of tubular valve member 132 and biased upwardly against an O-ring seat in the underside of the annular valve head member 136 by an inner valve spring (not shown).
Figure 3 can also be used to further describe the manner in which a conventional dispense coupler 138 may be fitted to the upper end of valve body 124 and actuated to dispense beer from a container according to an embodiment of the invention. A conventional dispense coupler includes a gas inlet 138A to provide a pressurising fluid, typically pressurised gas (for example carbon dioxide) applied to the outer valve of valve structure 102, and a central valve actuating beer outlet tube 138B movable vertically in the coupler by operation of a pivoting handle 138C. When the handle 138C and tube 138B of the coupler are raised both valves of the valve structure are closed. When the handle of the coupler is swung down to a valve actuating position the tube is forced downwardly to push the domed inner valve head 106A down against the action of inner valve spring 142 to open the inner valve and the pressurising gas then supplied to the upper end of valve body 122 through the coupler forces the annular valve head 136 downwardly against the action of an outer biasing spring 130 to open the outer valve and allow the pressurising gas to flow out through valve ports into the container. Beer is dispensed by flowing upwardly through the dispenser tube and up through the open inner valve and tube of the coupler into the dispensing system.
A keg may be filled in either an upright or an inverted position. In the usual practice the keg is filled in an inverted position, beer is supplied through a filling nozzle to the outer end of valve body forcing the outer valve to open and the beer to flow into the container through outer valve outlet ports, gas within the container escaping through the dispenser tube and the inner valve.
The illustrated beer keg construction has been advanced by way of example only and the invention is not limited in application to the details of this construction or to the storage and dispensing of beer. Containers fitted with valve structures in accordance with the invention may be used for storing, filling and dispensing other beverages such as cider and carbonated beverages or indeed any liquid to be dispensed under gas pressure. The pressurising gas may be carbon dioxide, nitrogen or any other suitable gas according to the nature of the liquid to be stored and dispensed.
Other variations will be apparent to persons skilled in the art and fall within the scope of the invention described herein.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1 . A container for storing and dispensing a fluid under pressure comprising:
a pressure release apparatus comprising a pressure release passageway to enable venting of the container when the passageway is unobstructed, and a resiliently deformable pressure release member disposed in at least a portion of the passageway, the pressure release passageway defining an external and internal opening and extending through a wall of the container, or a valve structure or component thereof disposed within the container; wherein
the resiliently deformable pressure release member and pressure release passageway are shaped to complement one another to enable the pressure release member to be held in the passageway and to seal the passageway when the container is pressurised.
2. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the resiliently deformable pressure release member comprises a body with a first and second end, the pressure release member being shaped to complement the pressure release passageway to restrict non-destructive removal of the member from the passageway when disposed therein.
3. The container according to claim 2, wherein the dimensions of the first end and second end of the resiliently deformable pressure release member relative to its body and the pressure release passageway are shaped to enable the body to extend through the passageway with the first and/or second ends capable of abutting the external and internal openings of the passageway to restrict non-destructive removal thereof and seal the container when pressurised.
4. The container according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein at least a portion of the first end and/or second end of the pressure release member is resiliently deformable.
5. The container according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first and/or second ends of the resiliently deformable pressure release member comprise elongate sections for use in guiding insertion of the ends into the passageway.
6. The container according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least a portion of the resiliently deformable pressure release member is formed from a plastics material comprising one or more elastomers.
7. The container according to claim 6, wherein the one or more elastomers comprise a thermoplastic elastomer selected from one or more of styrenic block copolymers, polyolefin blends, elastomeric alloys, thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic copolyester and thermoplastic polyamides.
8. The container according to claim 6 or claim 7, wherein the one or more elastomers comprise a thermosetting elastomer selected from at least one of a silicone rubber and a polybutadiene.
9. The container according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the container comprises a valve structure, and wherein the valve structure comprises at least one valve member comprising the pressure release apparatus.
10. The container according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the container comprises a valve structure, and wherein the valve structure comprises a valve housing and an inner valve member, wherein:
the valve housing is configured for coupling to a neck or opening of a container and for associating a dispenser tube to a dispenser coupler to enable pressurising gas into the container and dispensing of a fluid from the container, the valve housing comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container;
an inner valve member movably housed within the body of the valve structure such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure, the inner valve member comprising a body, an upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and a lower end for locating interiorly of the container, wherein the upper end of the inner valve member defines a valve head, and wherein the valve head comprises the pressure release apparatus.
1 1. The container according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the container comprises a valve structure, and wherein the valve structure comprises a valve housing, an outer valve member and an inner valve member, wherein: the valve housing is configured for coupling to a neck or opening of a container and for associating a dispenser tube to a dispenser coupler to enable pressurising gas into the container and dispensing of a fluid from the container, the valve housing comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container;
an outer valve member movably housed within the body of the valve structure such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure, the outer valve member comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container;
an inner valve member movably housed within the body of the outer valve member such that actuation thereof enables pressurising gas and/or fluid to pass through the valve structure, the inner valve member comprising a body, upper end for locating exteriorly of the container and lower end for locating interiorly of the container, wherein the upper end of the inner valve member defines a valve head, and wherein the valve head comprises the pressure release apparatus.
12. The container according to claim 10 or claim 1 1 , wherein the valve head is upwardly domed and the pressure release apparatus is centrally located within the valve head.
13. A valve structure or component thereof for a fluid storage and dispensing container comprising:
a pressure release apparatus comprising a pressure release passageway to enable venting of the container when the passageway is unobstructed, and a resiliently deformable pressure release member disposed in at least a portion of the passageway, the pressure release passageway defining an external and internal opening and extending through a wall of the container, or a valve structure or component thereof disposed within the container; wherein
the resiliently deformable pressure release member and pressure release passageway being shaped to complement one another to enable the pressure release member to be held in the passageway and to seal the passageway when the container is pressurised.
14. A method for configuring a fluid storage and dispensing container for subsequent release of pressure comprising: inserting a resiliently deformable pressure release member into a pressure release passageway located in a wall of the container, valve structure or component thereof, the resiliently deformable pressure release member and pressure release passageway being shaped to complement one another to enable the pressure release member to be held in the passageway; and
pressurising the container so as to seal the container, whereby the container may subsequently be de-pressurised by removing the pressure release member from the passageway.
15. The method of claim 14, further comprising destructive removal of the pressure release member from the passageway by applying force to damage the pressure- release member and subsequently de-pressurising the containing.
PCT/AU2011/001359 2010-10-26 2011-10-26 Pressure release apparatus for a pressurised container WO2012054967A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2010904774 2010-10-26
AU2010904774A AU2010904774A0 (en) 2010-10-26 Pressure release apparatus for a pressurised container

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WO2012054967A1 true WO2012054967A1 (en) 2012-05-03

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9670049B2 (en) 2014-06-23 2017-06-06 Rehrig Pacific Company Plastic beer keg
IT201600112052A1 (en) * 2016-11-08 2018-05-08 Gruppo Bisaro Sifa Srl ASSEMBLY VALVE FOR FLUID CONTAINERS, AND CONTAINER PROVIDED WITH SUCH VALVE.
IT201700003618A1 (en) * 2017-01-13 2018-07-13 Sabev Oue VALVE DEVICE FOR FILLING AND DRAINING CONTAINERS IN PRESSURE PET

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4754897A (en) * 1986-02-11 1988-07-05 Bespak Plc Gas pressurized dispensing containers
WO2004063087A1 (en) * 2003-01-10 2004-07-29 Ecokeg Pty Ltd Keg filling and dispensing system with valve assembly fitted from exterior

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4754897A (en) * 1986-02-11 1988-07-05 Bespak Plc Gas pressurized dispensing containers
WO2004063087A1 (en) * 2003-01-10 2004-07-29 Ecokeg Pty Ltd Keg filling and dispensing system with valve assembly fitted from exterior

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9670049B2 (en) 2014-06-23 2017-06-06 Rehrig Pacific Company Plastic beer keg
IT201600112052A1 (en) * 2016-11-08 2018-05-08 Gruppo Bisaro Sifa Srl ASSEMBLY VALVE FOR FLUID CONTAINERS, AND CONTAINER PROVIDED WITH SUCH VALVE.
EP3318623A1 (en) * 2016-11-08 2018-05-09 Gruppo Bisaro - Sifa S.r.l. Pressure relief valve assembly for containers for fluids, and container provided with such valve assembly
IT201700003618A1 (en) * 2017-01-13 2018-07-13 Sabev Oue VALVE DEVICE FOR FILLING AND DRAINING CONTAINERS IN PRESSURE PET

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