WO2017025077A1

WO2017025077A1 - Shaft module

Info

Publication number: WO2017025077A1
Application number: PCT/DE2016/000307
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Bittmann
Original assignee: MACSBOX GmbH
Priority date: 2015-08-07
Filing date: 2016-08-04
Publication date: 2017-02-16
Also published as: DE102015010385A1; AT519395B1; AT519395A5

Abstract

The invention relates to a shaft module made of plastic for forming a shaft-form structure having at least a first and a second wall which are arranged relative to one another in such a way that a volume is at least partially enclosed, wherein the shaft modules can be fixed in at least a first and a second spatial direction, with the result that the geometric extent of the shaft-form structure to be formed can be influenced in the longitudinal direction and/or in the transverse direction. There is provision in particular that the longitudinal walls are connected to one another by at least two transverse walls and that the longitudinal walls and the transverse walls form at least one rectangular structure. Furthermore, the invention relates to connecting means for fixing a plurality of shaft modules relative to one another and to a method for producing a shaft-form structure using the shaft modules and connecting means.

Description

Tray module

The invention relates to a shaft module made of plastic for forming a shaft-shaped structure, comprising at least a first and a second wall, which are arranged to each other such that at least partially a volume is enclosed.

The invention further relates to connecting means for fixing a plurality of shaft modules made of plastic relative to each other and to a method for producing a shaft-like structure using the shaft modules and connecting means.

In virtually all areas of engineering, particularly in automotive and mechanical engineering, in building installations, waste disposal facilities and, to a considerable extent, in power transmission and management, means are used to direct the various physical or disembodied media. To the in this Related physical media include, for example, all types of fluids, bulk solids, liquid-solid mixtures, or gases, and disembodied media are especially energy in the form of electricity.

To transport the various media to a point of consumption or disposal, pipes or pipes are used. For example, pneumatic conveying principles are often used for bulk goods, which require a pipeline with preferably constant cross-section and as few deviations from the linear pipe guide. Pipes of various cross-sectional shapes and, if necessary, tapers (nozzles), extensions (diffusers), dividers, branch pipes and elbows are used to convey fluids. To conduct electrical energy, multipart cables consisting of at least one line element and an insulating element surrounding the line element are used to a considerable extent.

Depending on the conductive medium and / or the respective conduit means and in particular the environment through which the medium must be passed, various protection, separation or isolation devices are used. For this purpose cavities are created with often considerable longitudinal extent in the form of shafts, channels, conduits, so that the means for conducting the media can be accommodated therein.

Depending on the application situation, the protective, separation or insulation devices have to fulfill a large number of different requirements: protection of the conduit, accessibility in the case of revision measures, guidance, optical appeal, low-cost construction, transportability, insulation properties with regard to temperature, noise, energy loss, inclusion of further conduit means after mounting or forming the cavity, design flexibility of the mold and / or linear extension of the cavity, etc. In order to meet the requirements at least partially, so-called cable ducts or cable ducts are realized. Typical cable ducts are realized based on profiles and often made of plastic or aluminum. Different cross-sectional shapes and sizes depending on the dimension of the male conduit are used. Through sleeves or intermediate adapter individual cable shafts are lined up in their longitudinal extent, if the linear extension of a cable duct for the cavity formation is not sufficient.

The well-known cable ducts and in general all types of shaft-like structures meet the requirements only partially. It is already known to produce shaft modules for the production of manholes made of plastic. These modules can be assembled to make the well, and different cable tray dimensions and cable tray geometries can already be provided. However, a flexible adaptation to the respective application requirements is only possible to a limited extent.

In addition, the known cable ducts made of modules can not yet meet all the requirements that are placed on a sufficient mechanical resistance at higher pressure loads.

According to a typical installation situation, the cable ducts are used in the area of roads or paved areas, where overriding by car or truck is to be expected. Especially with a corresponding load from trucks is a very high load on a relatively small area. In addition, lateral lateral loads also occur if the vehicle does not pass over the shaft directly, but if there is an over-travel of the lateral area next to the shaft. In order to support a cost-effective production, material selection and transport options, cable ducts and elements for the manufacture of shaft-like structures are usually available in prefabricated lengths.

Known cable ducts are usually one and thin-walled made of plastic or aluminum parts. Problems arise with higher stability requirements or isolation tasks.

The object of the present invention is to at least reduce the existing disadvantages of known shaft-like structures and or cable duct designs and or to meet the application-dependent requirements, in particular a flexible cavity geometry design of the shaft-like structure should be supported to general for various applications and even during assembly in particular to be customizable.

The invention recognizes in the modular construction of shaft-like structures the solution of various disadvantages and proposes shaft modules for the formation and construction of cable ducts or shaft-like structures.

The object of the present invention is achieved, in particular, in that the shaft modules can be fixed in at least one first and one second spatial direction so that the geometric extent of the shaft-shaped structure to be formed can be influenced in the longitudinal direction and / or in the transverse direction, that the longitudinal wall by at least two transverse walls are interconnected and that the longitudinal wall and the transverse walls form at least one rectangular structure.

The shaft modules of the invention support both the cavity structure in a longitudinal extension and the cross-sectional formation in its geometric shape and its surface area. Due to the flexible possibility of cavity formation for Inclusion of line media for the transport of media can be considered during the installation of the cable ducts or shaft-shaped structures, the various requirements.

The shaft modules according to the invention are preferably produced as injection-molded parts. Basically, the use of composite materials seems possible.

The combination of the longitudinal walls and the transverse walls for providing rectangular structures makes it possible, in particular, to provide tower-like structures in the region of the shaft modules, which structures are particularly suitable in particular for transmitting vertical forces. In addition, the tower-like structures also provide a considerable stability against transverse loads.

The tower-like structures preferably have square cross-sectional areas. In the interiors provided by the tower-like structures with square-like cross-sectional areas can be introduced from the tower-like structure upwardly projecting preferably square projections in assembling the modules and thereby contribute to a structure of the structure of the finished shaft.

The shaft modules are realized as elements which form a section or a planar element of the cable shaft wall in the assembled situation.

The shaft modules are thus wall elements of the cable duct or the shaft-like structure and, in order to support a stable overall construction of the shaft as such, must be fixed to one another. This requirement according to the invention by a first, a second and optionally further connection techniques Fulfills. The bonding techniques may be positive or non-positive or a combination thereof. Also conceivable are cohesive connections that can be produced after assembly.

As a connection technique of the shaft modules in the cross-sectional direction of the cable duct or the shaft-shaped structure is preferably a plug-in system with optional clamping action in the form of at least one frontal projection and recess each opposite to a shaft module provided which a plug connection of the wall elements to each other in the longitudinal direction of the Cable duct allows. This first connection technology locks the shaft modules in two spatial directions, preferably in the radial direction of the cavity forming the cable duct, and in the circumferential direction of the shaft wall.

As a connection technique of the shaft modules in the longitudinal direction of the cable shaft or the shaft-shaped structure is preferably provided at least one positive connection element between each two shaft modules that corresponds to the first connection technology, cooperates and supports a determination of the two shaft elements in the longitudinal direction of the cable shaft to be formed.

Due to the specifications of the shaft modules produced by means of the joining techniques to each other in all spatial directions, a stable cable duct or a shaft-shaped structure with structural integrity is created even when acting from outside or inside mechanical loads.

The shaft modules according to the invention as wall elements of the cable duct or the shaft-shaped structure are designed such that they can be added to each other in different positions and in this way support the formation of different cross-sectional shapes and cross-sectional sizes. One embodiment is the formation of a rectangular or quadrangular cable duct cross-section in that flat-shaped shaft modules are joined at an angle of preferably approximately 90 degrees. In order to realize the cross-sectional size even when using the same size manhole modules, the manhole elements can be joined both flush and angularly to form corresponding edge lengths of the cable manhole or of the manhole-shaped structure. Alternatively, differently sized manhole modules are provided.

In addition to the aligned, i. plane-parallel Fügelage the shaft modules to each other (angular position about 180 degrees) and a joint position of about 90 degrees, the shaft modules can be positioned and locked to each other in any other angular positions to each other with appropriately executed connection technology geometry, so that virtually any shaft cross-sections can be produced.

In a preferred embodiment, the shaft modules according to the invention can be designed double-walled with a cavity between the walls. This embodiment is superior to single-wall cable duct constructions, in particular with regard to mechanical stability and insulation properties, and makes it possible to form particularly stable connection techniques through the large end-face shaft module surfaces.

Through the geometric variation of the shaft modules manholes or shaft-like structures can be formed, which can be ideally adapted to the respective requirements. As a result, the realization of a variety of different applications is supported, such as cable ducts in buildings, within concrete structures or as shafts for pipes, pipes, etc. in the ground. Also, structures with shaft-like geometry such as garden bed sections, flower or Pflanzkübel, shaft-like reinforcements, etc. are possible. Depending on the task and the resulting requirements, the manhole modules can be produced from different materials and based on different manufacturing processes - conceivable are various types of plastics, composite materials or aluminum. Particularly inexpensive and well suited for mass production are manhole modules made of plastic produced by injection molding.

To achieve the advantages according to the invention, all or at least some of the variants of embodiment explained in detail have all or at least some of the properties or advantages listed below.

First, it is essential that the individual modules overlap in the vertical direction at least partially. This can be achieved with, for example, the illustrated Z-shape of the individual modules in a side view.

To assist easy handling, it is advantageous that the modules are at least partially hollow and enclose an interior with lateral walls. Compared to a massive training this can be achieved a significant weight reduction.

As a rule, it is sufficient to provide the individual modules with wall thicknesses in the range of a few millimeters. By the closure explained in more detail below, it is possible to assemble the individual modules into a solid ring-like construction. The special closure preferably extends in a vertical direction through the modules to be connected.

The loadable connectivity of the individual modules makes it possible in particular to perform a pre-assembly in the field of production and to transport the shaft already in a stable ring-like construction to the construction site. By means of the module construction according to the invention, it is possible to achieve that the vertical walls of the manhole produced are exactly one above the other, thereby reliably supporting a transmission of a vertical load.

To achieve the aforementioned loadable and reliable connection of the individual modules, it proves to be advantageous to realize a rotatability of the fuse element. As a result, the securing element can be firmly anchored, for example, in a rotation of 90 degrees and is secured against falling out.

In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are shown schematically. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module according to the invention

2 is a perspective view of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module according to the invention and a connecting means,

3 is a perspective view of the first end side of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module according to the invention in a preassembled situation with 90 degrees angular position to each other and a not yet mounted connecting means,

4 is a perspective side view of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module according to the invention in a preassembled situation with 90 degrees angular position to each other and a not yet mounted connecting means, 5 is a perspective view of the second end side of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module according to the invention in a preassembled situation with 90 degree angular position to each other and a not yet mounted connecting means,

6 shows the perspective side view of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module according to the invention in a preassembled situation with a 180-degree angular position relative to one another and a connecting means not yet mounted,

7 is a perspective view of the second end side of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module according to the invention in a preassembled situation with 180 degrees angular position to each other and a not yet mounted connecting means,

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a shaft portion formed from a

Variety of the first and a third embodiment of the shaft modules according to the invention,

9 is a perspective side view of a plurality of the first and third

Embodiment of the shaft module according to the invention in a preassembled situation with 180 degrees angular position to each other,

10 is a perspective view of the second end face of a plurality of the first and third embodiment of the shaft module according to the invention in a preassembled situation with 180 degrees angular position to each other, 11 is a perspective side view of a first and a third embodiment of the shaft module according to the invention in a preassembled situation with 180 degrees angular position to each other,

Fig. 12 is a perspective side view of a plurality of the first and third

Embodiment of the shaft module according to the invention in a preassembled situation with 180 degrees angular position to each other to form the shaft side walls and with 90 degrees angular position to each other at a connection to form a shaft side edge,

13 illustrates, in a perspective view, the respective end-side configurations of the contact points between the shaft modules relative to one another in the transverse direction of the shaft to be formed,

14 is a perspective view of the connecting means for fixing the shaft modules in the longitudinal direction of the shaft to be formed,

FIG. 15 shows an enlarged detail of the situation according to FIG. 9, FIG.

FIG. 16 shows the connection means according to FIG. 14 in an end view and shows the connection means with a mounting tool in the form of a hexagon socket key, FIG.

Fig. 17 forms the connecting means according to FIG. 14 with a front side in the

Hexagon pocket inlaid hexagon nut and shows the 180 degree angular position of the shaft modules with inserted threaded rod in a cutout, FIG. 18 shows a side wall region according to the invention formed from a plurality of shaft modules with a holder inserted into the aligned end-side chambers, FIG.

19 different representations of shaft modules (1), which have a curved course in a horizontal direction and

Fig. 20 different variants to shaft modules with a design as a T-piece to enable realization of cross braces and / or transverse walls.

FIG. 1 shows the perspective view of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module (1) according to the invention. The shaft modules (1) in the present example are double-walled. Between longitudinal walls (10, 50) chambers (20) are formed with preferential, but not necessarily quadrangular cross-section. The longitudinal orientation of the chambers (20) of the illustrated shaft modules (1) is substantially parallel to the longitudinal extent of the shaft to be formed and extends over the entire height of the shaft modules (1). The shaft modules (1) according to a first, a second and further embodiments differ by their dimensioning in transverse extent, which is realized in an advantageous manner by the number variation of the chambers (20) within a shaft module (1). The chambers (20) can be closed at least on one side and have projections (21).

The end-side chambers (30) provided in the transverse extent of the shaft module (1) extend over a partial area of the shaft modules (1) in the longitudinal direction and are arranged and configured such that an operative connection can be realized with the end-side chamber (30) of a further shaft module (1) is. Figure 2 shows the perspective view of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module (1) according to the invention and a connecting means (40) which cooperates in the assembled state with the end-side chambers (30) and supports a positive connection between two shaft modules (1).

Figure 3 includes the perspective view of the first end side of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module (1) according to the invention in a preassembled situation with 90 degree angular position to each other and not yet mounted connecting means (40). In order to enable an assembly and the production of the operative connection between two shaft modules (1) on their longitudinal side and thus in the circumferential direction of the shaft (100) to be formed, the end-side chambers (30) are correspondingly formed. In the geometric realization shown, the end-side chambers (30) support both the 90-degree and the 180-degree angular position of the shaft modules (1) to each other.

The pictured 90 degree angular position can be used to form the box corners of a square or rectangular shaft cross section. In the case of a determination of the shaft modules (1) in the 180 degree angular position to each other, the side wall formation of the shaft (100) is supported and it can by the multiple or multiple juxtaposition of manhole modules (1) in particularly favorable and depending on their dimensions be influenced in transverse extent due to the number of variations of the chambers (20) within a manhole module (1) in a coordinated and graded manner, the pit circumference.

FIG. 4 shows the perspective side view of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module (1) according to the invention in a preassembled situation with a 90 degree angular position relative to one another and a connecting means (40) not yet mounted. FIG. 5 depicts the perspective view of the second end face of a first and a second embodiment of the manhole module (1) according to the invention in a preassembled situation with a 90-degree angular position relative to one another and a connection means (40) not yet mounted. This frontal view shows the internal structure of the shaft modules (1) with the chambers (20, 30). Due to the possible configuration of the shaft modules (1) as double-walled elements, a volume dependent on the wall distance is enclosed, which is partially divided by partitions or partitions (21) and thus forms the partitions of the chambers (20, 30).

In the illustrated embodiment, the chambers (20) are closed at the end of the first end face. The closure means here is a projection (22) formed preferably integrally with the shaft module (1) with a geometry and cross-sectional area corresponding to the cross section of the respective chamber (20), so that a plug connection between the first end side of one or a plurality of shaft modules (1) and the second end face of one or a plurality of shaft modules (1). This plug-in connection practically represents a first connecting means for frictionally connecting the shaft modules (1) used for its construction in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (100) and for producing the interlocking connection in the radial and circumferential direction of the shaft (100).

Figure 5 also illustrates the arrangement of the longitudinal sides (10, 50) relative to each other and the corresponding arrangement of the transverse walls (51, 52) connecting the longitudinal walls (10, 50) together. Preferably, in each case the longitudinal sides (10, 50) are arranged substantially parallel to each other. Also, preferably, a mutually parallel arrangement of the transverse walls (51, 52). As a result, chambers (20) having an approximately square cross-sectional area are provided. By the combination of the longitudinal walls (10, 50) and the transverse walls (51, 52) a plurality of tower-like areas are provided in the area of the shaft module (1), both in terms of a transmission of forces in the longitudinal direction and in terms of resistance to forces have advantages in the transverse direction.

The frictional connection in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (100) is realized by a press fit of the projection (22) and chamber (20) to each other. If a clearance is provided, although the projection (22) engages in the chamber (20) as in the interference fit, but without having a frictional connection. In this embodiment, the connector is a guide with positive engagement in the radial and circumferential direction of the shaft (100).

On the inside of the chambers (20) ribs (23) in the transition region of the walls (10) and or the intermediate walls (21) may be provided to assist the force introduction of the shaft longitudinal forces on the walls (10, 21) of the shaft modules (1).

As an alternative to the illustrated closed situation of the chambers (20) through the closed projections (22) at least partially open projections (24) can be used, which then allow an internal passage between chambers (20) of frontally connected shaft modules (1).

In the illustrated embodiment, the end-side chambers (30) by the use of open projections (31) frontally open, so that an inner passage between the end-side chambers (30) is supported by end-side connected shaft modules (1).

FIG. 6 comprises a perspective side view of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module (1) according to the invention in a preassembled situation. At 180 degrees angular position to each other and a not yet mounted connecting means (40). The 180 degree angular position of the well modules (1) to each other is selected when a portion of the well sidewall (120) is to be formed.

The circumferential length of a manhole side wall (120) can be varied according to the invention in various ways: a) A manhole module (1) can be used with at least one chamber (20) or a plurality of chambers (20) and two end chambers (30); b) At least two shaft modules (1) of a first and / or a second and / or any third embodiment of the shaft module (1) can be arranged in an aligned 180 degree angular position relative to each other.

In this way, shaft side walls (120) and, implicitly, the cross-sectional area of a shaft (100) can be adjusted in fine increments (by a shaft module) or in almost any desired gradation (at least two equal or unequal shaft modules) in their transverse extension.

Figure 7 shows the perspective view of the second end side of a first and a second embodiment of the shaft module (1) according to the invention in a preassembled situation with 180 degrees angular position to each other and a not yet mounted connecting means (40).

FIG. 8 comprises the perspective view of a shaft section (130) formed from a multiplicity of the first and a third embodiment of the shaft modules (1) according to the invention, which are first preassembled to shaft module rings (140) and then placed on top of one another. The well formed in this way In the embodiment shown, (100) or shaft section (130) has a quadrangular cross-section having bay corner wall regions (110) and shaft side wall regions (20). In order to support the stability of the shaft (100) constructed from shaft module rings (140), with the same construction of the shaft module rings (140), the configuration of the shaft modules (1) results in the offset of the seams between the shaft modules (1) relative to the shaft module rings (140). ensured. This joint interruption promotes overall stability.

FIG. 9 shows the perspective side view of a plurality of the first and third embodiment of the shaft module (1) according to the invention in a preassembled situation with a 180-degree angular position relative to one another, so that a shaft side wall region (120) is formed.

FIG. 10 depicts the perspective view of the second end face of a plurality of the first and third embodiment of the shaft module (1) according to the invention in a preassembled situation with a 180-degree angular position relative to one another.

Figure 11 is a representation of the perspective side view of a first and a third embodiment of the manhole module (1) according to the invention in a preassembled situation with 180 degrees angular position to each other. The various embodiments of the shaft modules (1) differ in the different dimensions in the transverse direction of extension, which is advantageously realized by the number of variations of the chambers (20) within a shaft module (1). For example, the first embodiment has two chambers (20), the third embodiment has a chamber (20). A second embodiment, not shown in FIG. 11, of the shaft module (1) has three chambers (20). The shortest in the transverse direction embodiment of the well module (1) has only one chamber (20) and is additionally formed by respective end-side chambers (30) (not shown). All embodiments of the shaft module (1), the respective end-side chambers (30) are common. Figure 12 shows the perspective side view of a plurality of the first and third embodiment of the manhole module (1) in a preassembled situation with 180 degrees angular position to each other to form the shaft side walls (120) and 90 degrees angular position to each other at a connection to form a shaft side edge (110).

FIG. 13 illustrates, in a perspective view, the respective end-side configurations of the contact points between the shaft modules (1) relative to one another in the transverse direction of the shaft (100) to be formed, which is characterized by the interaction of the respective end-side chambers (30) with their connecting means.

The positive connection of the shaft modules (1) in the transverse direction of the shaft to be formed (100) is realized by inserting the projection (31) in the open end-side chamber (32), so that the projection (31) engages inside the end-side open chamber (32) , An additional frictional connection in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (100) to be formed, which is identical in direction to the axial orientation of the end-side chamber (30), can be achieved by a press fit of the joining partners (31, 32). This increases the dimensional stability when subjected to side loads.

The form and / or frictional connection can alternatively or additionally be realized or supplemented by a star-shaped recess (33) on the inside of the end-side chamber (30) and engagement noses (34). A particular advantage of the additive realization of the recess-nose connection (33, 34) is the increased ability to absorb potentially acting side loads on the connection and possibly also improved guidance in the joining process.

The star-shaped recess (33) is the result of a first quadrangular recess, in whose side edges in each case a further pocket (35) is excluded. The depth of the star-shaped recess (33) is limited to a section of the end-side chamber (30), so that an undercut (36) is formed in the interior of the end-side chamber (30).

FIG. 14 shows, in a perspective view, the connecting means for fixing the shaft modules (1) in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (100) to be formed, which is embodied here as a closure bolt (40). In order to support the primary task of form-fit production between the shaft modules (1) in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (100) to be formed, the closure bolt (40) is cylindrical and essentially rotationally symmetrical. Furthermore, at least one locking pawl (41) is provided, which is designed such that it can be moved linearly along an axis-parallel direction of movement of the end-side chamber (30) and within a pocket (35) and in this way into this and on the other hand after a rotational movement of Locking bolt (40) engages in the undercut (36). The contact ring (44) formed by a shoulder in the outer region of the closure bolt (40) serves both to limit the linear and paraxial movement within the end-side chamber (30) and as an abutment for clamping by means of the at least one locking pawl (41) during engagement in the undercut (36).

FIG. 15 shows an enlarged detail of the situation according to FIG. 9. In order to support the operative connection between the shaft modules (1) in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (100) to be formed, the first end side of the end-side chamber (30) is open as well as with at least one pocket (FIG. 35) configured so that the closure pin (40) can be inserted and after reaching the end position is rotatable.

FIG. 16 shows, on the left side, the closure pin (40) according to FIG. 14 in an end view and shows the closure pin (40) on the right side with a mounting tool in the form of a hexagon socket wrench. To lock the locking bolt (40) in its Turn ner linear end position within the end-side chamber (30) and the at least one locking pawl (41) to bring into operative connection with the undercut (36), the rotational movement must be accomplished by an initiated torque. The preferably hollow closure pin (40) has to initiate the torque inside one or more contact surfaces corresponding to a torque-introducing tool. In the example shown, a hexagon socket (42) is realized. Other shapes may be tooth, feather, crescent, polygon, etc.

FIG. 17 depicts the connecting means in the form of a locking bolt (40) according to FIG. 14 with a hexagonal nut (80) inserted into the hexagonal pocket (43) at the end and shows the 180-degree angular position of the shaft modules with inserted threaded rod (60) in a cutout. In the mounted state of the locking bolt (40) in the end-side chamber (30) this is set in its linear end position within the chamber (30) after the assembly rotation by the rear grip of the at least one locking pawl (41) in the undercut (36) and can forces in the axial direction and thus in the longitudinal direction of the shaft to be formed (100), which is identical to the direction of the axial orientation of the end-side chamber (30) transmitted.

An adjustment and / or positioning of the locking bolt (40) can be done for example by using a spindle or a rod. Optionally, it is possible to provide a vertical adjustment of the shaft in the vertical direction above the final frame. In addition, it is optionally possible to connect a corresponding frame with the upper portion of the shaft in a mechanically loadable manner.

The invention uses the possibilities for axial force transmission by means of the locking bolt (40) by a further particular embodiment of the shaft-shaped building (100) constructed by a plurality of shaft modules (1) by the front side in the hexagonal pocket (43) of the locking bolt (40). pickled Hexagonal nut (80) functionally cooperates with an inserted into the end-side chamber (30) threaded rod (60).

On the one hand, in the direction of the abutment shoulder of the hexagonal nut (80) towards the locking pin (40), an axial force transmission can be used on one side to realize a positioning of the plurality of shaft modules (1) relative to an installation space. If the representation according to FIG. 17 is assumed to be a representation of the axes parallel to the vertical, the positioning of the shaft modules (1) or of the shaft (100) could take place against a vertically upward force, in the opposite case for example against gravity. The positioning is done by the spindle principle: Within the rotatably located hexagon nut (50) in the hexagonal pocket (43) of the locking bolt (40), the corresponding threaded rod (60) can be rotated and provides the thread pitch for an axial linear movement and translates that to rotate the Threaded rod (60) applied torque in a directed axial force.

On the other hand, in the case of multiple stacking of shaft module rings (140), the threaded rod (60) can be screwed into at least two hexagonal nuts (50) inserted into the hexagonal pocket (43) of the locking bolt (40), in order to secure the respectively between the hexagonal nuts (50 ) arranged shaft modules (1) or shaft module rings (140) to clamp. In this way, a shaft (100) formed from a plurality of shaft module rings (140) can be realized as a stable structural unit. At the same time or alternatively, in this arrangement, the positioning takes place along the axial direction in both possible spatial directions and in this way support the layer leveling.

In addition to the use of threaded rods (60) in the shaft corner wall regions (110), these can also be introduced in the shaft side wall region (120), provided that the end chambers (30) are aligned longitudinally in alignment in the longitudinal direction by means of congruent shaft module ring assemblies (140). FIG. 18 shows a side wall region (120) according to the invention formed by a plurality of shaft modules (1) with a holder introduced into the aligned end-side chambers (30). The holder can be designed as a rod (70) and be defined in a suitable manner in the environment of the installation space of the shaft (100). For example, this environment may be the soil when the manhole (100) is used in or on the ground, for example as reinforcement for garden beds or as an underground protective shaft. The holder can be driven in these cases, for example, in the ground. Brackets of this type can optionally take on the shaft (100) acting radial forces and in this way hold the shaft (100) in an axially defined position.

The tower-like structures in the region of the shaft module (1) are preferably provided with uniform dimensions and preferably arranged regularly. Particularly preferred is a regular row-like arrangement. The already mentioned preferably square projections on the tower-like structures particularly preferably have a dimension of 50 mm by 50 mm.

The use of a threaded rod for stiffening and stabilizing the shaft-shaped structure is in all variations only an optional development of the invention. The basic design is fully functional even without this option.

The mentioned use of an injection molding method for producing the modules merely describes a preferred production form. However, the invention also includes the use of other production methods.

According to the embodiment in FIG. 19, the shaft modules (1) have a curved course in a horizontal direction. The course of curvature here corresponds to a circle segment, so that a plurality of shaft modules (1) one behind the other which can be assembled into an annular construction. This supports the production of round shaft walls. The design details and the combinability of the shaft modules (1) in this case correspond to the already explained variants of the linear embodiments.

According to the embodiment variant in FIG. 20, at least some of the shaft modules (1) have a basic structure corresponding to a T-piece. A base part (200) is provided with a transverse leg (201). Preferably, the transverse leg (201) is provided with an end-side chamber (30) which supports the use of a locking bolt (40).

In the case of an opposing arrangement of two shaft modules (1) each having a transverse limb (201), it is possible to connect the two transverse limbs (201) to one another by means of a spacer element (202). The spacer element (202) can in this case be designed as a strut, but it is also possible to construct the spacer element (202) similar to the shaft modules (1) and thereby to assist the constructive realization of interior walls within the shaft-like structure (100).

The use of the shaft modules (1) with the transverse legs (201) in particular assists in increasing lateral stability of the shaft walls through the additional support.

Another application variant for the T-shaped shaft module (1) is that this is used as a boarding aid. In this case, it is likewise possible to place handles and / or step pieces on the projecting transverse limbs (201) and to fix them there. When using the transverse legs (201) for the construction of inner walls of the shaft, it is possible to separate from the main shaft part shafts.

Claims

Patent claims

Shaft module (1) made of plastic to form a shaft-shaped structure (100), comprising at least a first and a second longitudinal wall (10, 50) which are arranged to each other, that at least partially a volume is enclosed, and the at least one connecting means for fixing a plurality of shaft modules (1) relative to each other, characterized in that the shaft modules (1) can be fixed in at least a first and a second spatial direction, so that the geometric extent of the shaft-shaped structure (100) to be formed in the longitudinal direction and or can be influenced in the transverse direction, that the longitudinal walls (10, 50) by at least two transverse walls (51, 52) are interconnected and that the longitudinal walls (10, 50) and the transverse walls (51, 52) form at least one rectangular structure.

Second shaft module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least partially enclosed by the first and second walls (10) volumes is divided by a partition wall (21) in two end-side chambers (30).

3. shaft module (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the end-side chambers (30) at least over a partial region of the manhole module (1) extend in the longitudinal direction.

4. shaft module (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the end-side chambers (30) are arranged and or formed such that with the end-side chamber (30) of another shaft module (1) an operative connection can be realized.

5. shaft module (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the end-side chambers (30) are arranged and or formed such that with the end-side chamber (30) of another shaft module (1) has an operative connection at a 90 degrees or 180 Grad-angular position is realizable to each other.

6. shaft module (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the operative connection by the engagement of an open projection (31) in an open end-side chamber (32) can be realized.

7. shaft module (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the operative connection by a star-shaped recess (33) on the inside of the end-side chamber (30) and engagement lugs (34) is realized or supplemented.

8. shaft module (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the endsei- term chambers (30) are formed such that with the end-side chamber (30) of a further shaft module (1) a connecting means (40) is receivable by an operative connection to realize or support.

9. shaft module (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the end-side chambers (30) are formed such that with the end-side chamber (30) of a further shaft module (1) in the circumferential direction of the shaft-shaped component to be formed (100) has a contact point is formed in the form of a joint which has a joint interruption to a shaft module (1) in the longitudinal direction of the shaft-shaped component (100) to be formed.

10. shaft module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least partially enclosed by the first and second walls (10) volumes through a first and at least one second partition (21) in two end-side chambers (30) and at least a first chamber (20) is divided.

11. shaft module (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the at least one chamber (20) is open at a second end face.

12. shaft module (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the at least one chamber (20) on a first end face has a projection (22).

13. shaft module (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the projection (22) and the cross section of the chamber (20) geometrically correspond to each other, so that a plug connection between the first end face of one or a plurality of shaft modules (1) and the second end face of one or a plurality of shaft modules (1) can be realized.

14 shaft module (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the plug connection acts as a connecting means to connect in axial alignment of the chamber (20) to be fixed shaft modules (1) and produce a positive connection in the radial chamber direction.

15. shaft module (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the chambers (20, 30) have quadrangular cross-sections.

16 shaft module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft module (l) on one or more materials such as plastic, composite material and or aluminum based.

17 shaft module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft module (l) is the result of an injection molding process.

18. Connecting means for realizing or supporting an operative connection between shaft modules (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the connecting means is a closure pin (40).

19. Connecting means for realizing or supporting an operative connection between shaft modules (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that the closure pin (40) is cylindrical and substantially rotationally symmetrical.

20. Connecting means for realizing or supporting an operative connection between shaft modules (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that the closure bolt (40) has at least one locking pawl (41) provided with a pocket (35) and an undercut (36) within a end-side chamber (30) of a shaft module (1) corresponds, so that an operative connection between the shaft modules (1) is realized or supported.

21. Connecting means for realizing or supporting an operative connection between shaft modules (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that the by the locking bolt (40) producible operative connection between shaft modules (1) is positively.

22. Connecting means for realizing or supporting an operative connection between shaft modules (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that the closure bolt (40) has a hexagon socket (42) for introducing a torque and a rotational movement for rotating the locking bolt (40).

23. Connecting means for realizing or supporting an operative connection between shaft modules (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that the closure pin (40) has a hexagonal pocket (43) on the front side for receiving a hexagonal nut (50).

24. Connecting means for realizing or supporting an operative connection between shaft modules (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that the closure pin (40) is hollow on the inside.

25. A method for forming a shaft-shaped structure (100) using shaft modules (1) and connecting means according to one of claims 1 to 24, comprising the steps: a) construction of at least one shaft module ring (140) with shaft corner wall areas (110) and shaft side wall areas ( 120), b) forming a shaft section (130) through at least one shaft module ring (140) or connecting at least two congruent shaft module rings (140), c) continuing the method steps a) and b) until the shaft-shaped structure (100) is formed in the required longitudinal extent, wherein the geometric extension of the shaft-shaped structure (100) to be formed in the longitudinal direction and / or in the transverse direction by the number and design of the shaft modules ( 1) can be influenced.

26. A method for forming a shaft-shaped structure (100) according to claim 25, characterized in that the geometric extension of the shaft-shaped structure to be formed (100) in the longitudinal direction and or in the transverse direction before or during assembly can be influenced.

27. A method for forming a shaft-shaped structure (100) according to claim 25, characterized in that the circumferential length of a shaft side wall (120) through a shaft module (1) with suitable longitudinal extension and chamber formation and or at least two shaft modules (1) with the same or unequal longitudinal extent and number of chambers (20) in 180 degrees angular position is beinflussbar to each other.

28. A method for forming a shaft-shaped structure (100) according to claim 25, characterized in that the connection of at least two congruent manhole module rings (140) by telescoping projections (22, 24) in chambers (20) can be produced.

29. A method for forming a shaft-shaped structure (100) according to claim 25, characterized in that the connection of at least two congruent Schachtmodulringen (140) by screwing at least one threaded rod (60) in hex nuts (50) lying in each of a hexagonal pocket (43) the closure pin (40) can be produced.

30. A method for forming a shaft-shaped structure (100) according to claim 29, characterized in that the shaft-like structure (100) by at least one screwed threaded rod (60) is axially prestressed.

31. A method for forming a shaft-shaped structure (100) according to claim 29, characterized in that the shaft-like structure (100) by at least one screwed threaded rod (60) relative to the environment can be fixed and or positioned.

32. A method for forming a shaft-shaped structure (100) according to claim 25, characterized in that the shaft-shaped structure (100) by at least one rod (70) introduced into aligned end-side chambers (30) relative to the environment can be fixed and or positioned.