1. A method for extracting thermal energy from the core body of a mammal, said method comprising:
- (a) enclosing a portion of said mammal in a scaled enclosure to produce an enclosed portion of said mammal;
- (b) contacting a surface of said enclosed portion with a low temperature medium under negative pressure conditions for a period of time sufficient to extract thermal energy from the core body of said mammal, wherein said low temperature medium has a temperature below said mammal's normal physiologic temperature but above a temperature that results in localized vasoconstriction at said surface.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said portion of said mammal is a limb or a portion thereof.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said limb is selected from the group consisting of an arm and a leg.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein said portion is a heat exchange surface.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein said heat exchange surface is selected from the group consisting of a sole and a palm.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein said sealed enclosure under said negative pressure conditions has a pressure ranging from about 20 to about 80 mm Hg.
7. The method according to claim 2, wherein said low temperature medium has a temperature ranging from about 15 to about 35 C.
8. The method according to claim 2, wherein said period of time ranges from about 0.5 min to about 24 hrs.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein said mammal is a human.
10. A method for enhancing the ability of a mammal to perform a physical procedure, said method comprising:
- (a) enclosing a portion of said mammal in a sealed enclosure to produce an enclosed portion of said mammal;
- (b) contacting a surface of said enclosed portion with a low temperature medium under negative pressure conditions at least once during said physical procedure for a period of time sufficient to enhance the ability of said mammal to perform said physical procedure, wherein said low temperature medium has a temperature below said mammal's normal physiologic temperature but above a temperature that results in localized vasoconstriction at said surface.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein said portion of said mammal is a limb or a portion thereof.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein said limb is selected from the group consisting of an arm and a leg.
13. The method according to claim 11, wherein said portion is a heat exchange surface.
14. The method according to claim 13, wherein said heat exchange surface is a palm or a sole.
15. The method according to claim 10, wherein said sealed enclosure under said negative pressure conditions has a pressure ranging from about 20 to about 80 mm Hg.
16. The method according to claim 10, wherein said low temperature medium has a temperature ranging from about 15 to about 35 C.
17. The method according to claim 10, wherein said period of time ranges from about 0.5 to about 600 min.
18. The method according to claim 10, wherein said mammal is a human.
19. The method according to claim 10, wherein said physical procedure is an athletic procedure.
20. The method according to claim 10, wherein thermal energy is extracted to effect rapid recovery from a heated condition.
21. The method according to claim 20, wherein said heated condition occurs in a hot environment.
22. The method according to claim 21, wherein said mammal is an athlete.
23. The method according to claim 22, wherein said physical procedure is a sporting event or practice session.
24. A method for enhancing the ability of a mammal to perform an athletic procedure, said method comprising:
- extracting thermal energy from the body core of said mammal at least once during said athletic procedure for a period of time sufficient to enhance the ability of said mammal to perform said athletic procedure, wherein said core body thermal energy is extracted by the method comprising:
- (a) enclosing a portion of said mammal in a sealed enclosure to produce an enclosed portion of said mammal;
- (b) contacting a surface of said enclosed portion with a low temperature medium under negative pressure conditions for a period of time sufficient to extract said core body thermal energy, wherein said low temperature medium has a temperature below said mammal's normal physiologic temperature but above a temperature that results in localized vasoconstriction at said surface.
25. A device for extracting thermal energy from the core body of a mammal, said device comprising:
- (a) a sealable enclosure having dimensions sufficient to produce an enclosed portion of a mammal;
- (b) a negative pressure producing element that produces negative pressure conditions in said sealable enclosure; and
- (c) a cooling element for producing a reduced temperature medium in said sealable enclosure;
- (d) wherein said devices is adapted to avoid localized vasoconstriction on the surface of an enclosed portion of a mammal.
26. A device for extracting thermal energy from the core body of a mammal, said device comprising:
- (a) a sealable enclosure having dimensions sufficient to produce an enclosed portion of a mammal;
- (b) a negative pressure producing element that produces negative pressure conditions in said sealable enclosure; and
- (c) a cooling element for producing a reduced temperature medium in said sealable enclosure, wherein said reduced temperature medium is at a temperature to avoid localized vasoconstriction on the surface of an enclosed portion of a mammal.
27. A device for enhancing the ability of a mammal to perform a physical procedure, said device comprising:
- (a) a sealable enclosure having dimensions sufficient to produce an enclosed portion of a mammal;
- (b) a negative pressure producing element that produces negative pressure conditions in said sealable enclosure; and
- (c) a cooling element for producing a reduced temperature medium in said sealable enclosure;
- (d) wherein said devices is adapted to avoid localized vasoconstriction on the surface of an enclosed portion of a mammal.
28. A device for enhancing the ability of a mammal to perform a physical procedure, said device comprising:
- (a) a sealable enclosure having dimensions sufficient to produce an enclosed portion of a mammal;
- (b) a negative pressure producing element that produces negative pressure conditions in said sealable enclosure; and
- (c) a cooling element for producing a reduced temperature medium in said sealable enclosure, wherein said reduced temperature medium is at a temperature to avoid localized vasoconstriction on the surface of an enclosed portion of a mammal.
