5 6
position of the crusher bowl 36 is adjustable with respect to with respect to the bowl 36. Alternatively, a fixed retaining
the base member 12 and therefor, the crusher head 20. The structure which does not move with respect to bowl liner 42
crusher bowl 36 is provided with a liner 42 formed of a can be utilized. The retaining structure can be fixed to the
suitable wear resistant material. The liner 42 is positioned mam frame or threaded to the bowl within the path of
adjacent the mantle 32 to form an annular crushing cavity or 5 discharged material.
space 44 therebetween. While the width of the crushing „ f . . TM-, , . , .. . r.u. .
v ... ., . .. ^ „ .. . . f Referring to FIG. 5. a second embodiment of this inven
cavity 44 vanes as the eccentric 22 causes the crusher head .. & . , .. .
to wobble, the crushing cavity 44 generally decreases in fa°n as.» f^fl1? he,r *s shown' ^ ±e CIUshe5 54
cross-section from top to bottom A cylindrical container 46 show» in nG- 5 's Oof a ^rent general construction from
is provided for receiving and dispensing to the annular in that shown in FIGS. 1^1 it is; similar in haying », crusher
crushing cavity 44 the material to be crushed. The crushed 10 hfd PrTMded !"* a1.man^ S8- and a c°mcal °TMsl!a bowl
material which exits from the lower end of the crushing 60 Provlded wlth a Mel 62 A* in the f"* embodiment a
cavity 44 falls through opening 48 in the base member 12 to retammg structure m accordance with this invention
a collection area includes a frustum of fingers 64 supported on annular shell
x . '... K . . .. . f ... . .. 66 so as to be positioned below the liner 62 and to extend
In accordance with a first embodiment of this invention, ,, , , ., f. . , , , . _,
.. .. .. , . . . . . u J ■ 1 below the crushing space 68 toward the crusher head 56.
the residence time of the material to be crushed in the T . . , . ,. , , , .
.. .. . . „ , . ... . .. Instead of a nng of fingers extending from the crusher head
crushing cavity 44 is controlled by providing a retention . .. c !6 . . 6,, . cc.
. . • f c c- ea M , 56 as in the first embodiment, a second frustum of fingers 70
structure in the form of a frustum of fingers 50 supported on _. . . , . _, . ,. . 6..
.. , , „ ... j. j j j, is supported on the crusher head 56, extending toward the
the annular shell 16. projecting inwardly and downwardly , . .. . , .. .. ,„ f . c .
, . ... j < • T u L 1« j • annular shell 66 below the crushing space 68. As in the first
below the lower edge of conical crusher bowl 36. and a ring ,n ... . „ ,., , f v. , , ^
, „ ., ^\ . , , , . ^ 0 2u embodiment, the fingers of the first and second frustums are
of fingers 52 supported on the crusher head 20, projecting . . . ... f _ .. . . . . ..
*. At u 1 A. 1 A t_ .1 M ~r J_ . s interspaced with each other. To provide the desired retention
outwardly below the lower edge of mantle 32. The frustum X , . . ... ^ ., .. . . .
* c m J »u • f £ c-i 1. • * 111116 the same factors should be considered m designing the
of fingers 50 and the nng of fingers 52 are shown in greater ... _ . .... . ... .
. . ... ... * * m retention structure in this second embodiment as are condetail in FIGS. 3 and 4. .. . . c . . ..
• , , , sidered in the first embodiment.
As seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, as the crusher head 20 gyrates 2S , ^.
within the crusher bowl 36. on the side where the bowl liner , Atfuyd embotoent of this invention is lUustrated m FIG.
42 and mantle 32 are closest together, the fingers 50 and 52 6 ^ *•? embodiment, regulation of residence toe is
are interspaced to a significant extent, while on the side Pr°videdby aretention structure including; a toothed nng72
where the bowl liner 42 and mantle 32 are the farthest apart. Provlded at the lower «nd of ^f* 74 of crusher head 76.
the finger tips are closely adjacent to each other, but are not 30 As ln ^^ embodiments the toothed nng delays the
interspaced. Alternatively, fingers 50 and 52 can be replaced PassaSe f *e from ^Mn8 sPacue 78'
with a grate-like or ledge-like structure. Thus, crushed ~§ ^f,0TM8^^*? TMtenal ttie mantle
material builds up on top of the fingers 50 and 52, thereby 74 Md a bowl80" The delay in passage of the crushed
increasing the retention time of the material to be crushed matenal ?» OTsh"B sPace 78 ^ results ln
between the bowl liner 42 and the mantle 32. The radial 35 addltlonal wterparacle crushing.
movement of the fingers 50 and 52 with respect to each other A fourth embodiment of this invention is shown in FIGS,
serves to dislodge the material resting thereon such that it 7 ^ 8- This embodiment is quite similar to that illustrated
passes through the opening 48 to the collection area. Thus, in P10- *•in ^at il ^ employs a toothed ring 82 supported
fingers 50 and 52 delay the discharge of crushed material on the crusher head 84 located at the lower edge of mantle
and yet remove blockages which may form at the lower edge 40 86- However, the mantle 86 and bowl liner 88 as shown in
of mantle 32 due to the movement of fingers 52 with respect FIGS. 7 and 8 are of a different configuration than that
to fingers 50. shown in FIG. 6.
The dimensions of the fingers 50 and 52 are chosen to A fifth embodiment of this invention is shown in FIGS. 9
provide the desired regulation of residence time. The width and 10. The configuration of the crusher shown in this
of the space between the fingers, as compared to the finger 45 embodiment is the same as that of the fourth embodiment
width of a finger received in the space, the extent to which shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. However, in this embodiment a
the base of one set of teeth is moved away from the tips of solid ring 90. rather than a toothed ring is employed to delay
the other set of teeth at the widest separation of the lower the passage of the crushed material from the crushing space,
edge of the crushing space, and the width of the teeth, which thereby regulating the residence time in the crushing space,
in turn determines the number of spaces between the teeth, 50 The solid ring could be provided with a suitable height
may all be considered and specifically determined to provide upward projecting ledge on the ring periphery for building
the desired residence time. While the retention structure of crushed material for autogenous wear protection of the
must necessarily permit the crushed material to pass top surface of the ring.
therethrough, delaying its passage will result in additional While several embodiments, of the invention have been
crushing between the crusher bowl liner 42 and the mantle 55 shown, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that
32. Further, additional inter-particle crushing will occur as what have been described are considered at present to be the
the material is retained and accumulated between the crush- preferred embodiments of this invention. In accordance with
ing members. The fingers 50 and 52 being in continued the Patent Statute, changes may be made in the structures
engagement with the crushed material, and to some extend provided to increase residence time in the crushing zone of contributing to the crushing of the material as it passes «i a conical/gyratory type crusher without actually departing
between the teeth, should be formed of a material which is from the true spirit and scope of this invention. The
suitably wear resistant and tough, such as manganese or appended claims are intended to cover all such changes and
other robust material. modifications which fall in the true spirit and scope of this
When a retaining structure is provided in accordance with invention, this invention, as set forth above, it may be desirable that a 65 What is claimed is:
mechanism be provided, other than the engagement of the 1. In a crusher having a first crushing surface and a second
two sets of teeth, to prevent the crusher head 20 from turning crushing surface moveable with respect to the first crushing
