Citations
ClaimsWhat is claimed is: 1. A photovoltaic cell, comprising:
2. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1, wherein the first electrically insulating layer has a thickness of at most five nanometers. 3. The photovoltaic cell of claims 1, wherein the first electrically insulating layer has a thickness of at most two nanometers. 4. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1, wherein the first electrically insulating layer comprises an alkali halogenide. 5. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1, wherein the first electrically insulating layer comprises lithium fluoride. 6. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1, wherein, during use of the photovoltaic cell, the first electrode is an electron-collecting electrode. 7. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1, wherein the second electrically insulating layer has a thickness of at most five nanometers. 8. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1, wherein the second electrically insulating layer comprises an alkali halogenide. 9. The photovoltaic cell of claim 7, wherein, during use of the photovoltaic cell, the second electrode is a hole-collecting electrode. 10. The photovoltaic cell of claim 9, further comprising a smoothing layer between the photoactive layer and the second electrode. 11. The photovoltaic cell of claim 10, wherein the second electrically insulating layer is between the smoothing layer and the second electrode. 12. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1, wherein, during use of the photovoltaic cell, the first electrode is a hole-collecting electrode. 13. The photovoltaic cell of claim 12, further comprising a smoothing layer between the photoactive layer and the first electrode. 14. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1, further comprising a smoothing layer between the photoactive layer and the first electrode. 15. The photovoltaic cell of claim 14, wherein the smoothing layer comprises PEDOT. 16. The photoactive cell of claim 1, wherein the fullerene comprises functionalized fullerene PCBM. 17. A photovoltaic cell, comprising:
18. The photovoltaic cell of claim 17, wherein the alkali halogenide comprises lithium fluoride. 19. The photovoltaic cell of claim 17, wherein the first layer has a thickness of at most five nanometers. 20. The photovoltaic cell of claim 17, wherein the first layer has a thickness of at most two nanometers. 21. The photovoltaic cell of claim 17, wherein the electron donor comprises a conjugated polymer. 22. The photovoltaic cell of claim 21, wherein the electron acceptor comprises a fullerene component. 23. A photovoltaic cell, comprising:
24. The photovoltaic cell of claim 23, wherein the alkali halogenide comprises lithium fluoride. 25. The photovoltaic cell of claim 23, wherein the first layer has a thickness of at most five nanometers. 26. The photovoltaic cell of claim 23, wherein the first layer has a thickness of at most two nanometers. 27. The photovoltaic cell of claim 23, wherein the electron acceptor comprises a fullerene component. |