Note: If you are using Layouts, please see our Help article here to learn how to change the colors and fonts in your template. The tips in this article can be applied to either classic templates or Layouts in the Edit HTML view, but the examples given are for classic templates.
The colors and fonts in Blogger's templates are controlled by CSS declarations at the top of your template. ColorMatch 5K is a good place to pick colors, and there's more info at WebReference.
Here's a quick tutorial, to demonstrate how easy it is to change the appearance of your blog:
First, go to your Main Template (Template | Main Template) and find the item whose appearance you want to change. In this example, we will use the Date Header:
See the <h3> and </h3> tags? They are defined at the top of the template, in the CSS. Scroll back up to the top, and find this line:
and edit it:
Here we changed the color of the text to blue. If you want the text smaller or larger, you can change the part that says font-size:105%;. For a different font entirely, you could specify font-family:Times, Serif; or use any other font of your choosing.
Clicking the "Preview" button will show you what your changes will look like when published:
Once your template looks the way you want it, click "Save Changes."
The CSS defines every aspect of your blog's appearance, including background color, link color, fonts, etc. For some more examples, see this article: What else can I do with CSS?
Have fun!