It is a powerpoint presentation that discusses about the lesson or topic: Chromosomes. It also talks about the definition, history and the concepts about Chromosomes
2. • It is a packaged and organized
structure containing most of the DNA
of a living organism
• They can be visible during the cell
division
3.
4. • It is a region of the chromosome that
joins sister chromatids
• Usually located in the Center part of
the chromosome
• The primary function of the
centromere is to serve as a place of
attachment for spindle fibers during
cell division.
5.
6. • It is a basic unit of DNA packaging in
Eukaryotes
• Forms the fundamental repeating
units of Eukaryotic Chromatin
• Folded through a series of
successively high order structures to
eventually form a chromosome
7. • Its core particle consists of
approximately 147 base pairs of DNA
8.
9. • These are highly alkaline proteins
found in eukaryotic cell that package
and order the DNA structural units
called nucleosomes
• Chief protein components of
Chromatin
• Discovered by Albrecht Kossel in
1884
• Acts as spools around which DNA
10.
11.
12. • H1 Histone
• It sits in the top of the structure
• Binds the linker DNA region between
nucleosomes
13.
14. • A complex of macromolecules found in
cells
• Consists of DNA, RNA and Protein
• Only present in Eukaryotic Cells
• It packages DNA into a smaller volume to
fit in the cell
• It protects the DNA from damages
• It controls DNA replication and gene
expression
15.
16.
17.
18.
19. • It is a one copy of a newly copied
chromosome which is still joined to
the other copy by a single centromere
• Genetically identical
20.
21. • Humans have 46 chromosomes
Autosomal Chromosomes – 22
pairs of Chromosomes. Usually
labelled with leters
Allosome Chrosomes – Sex
Chromosomes; made up of the last
pair of chromosomes that makes up
the 46 chromosomes in Human
22.
23. • Largest human chromosomes
• Humans have two copies of
Chromosome #1
• Predicted that it has 4,300 genes
• Represents the 9% of the total DNA in
human cells
24. Some of the diseases related to this
chromosome:
• Alzheimer Disease
• Breast Cancer
• Microcephaly
• Parkinson Disease
