MwanzoEUR / RUB • Sarafu
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Euro ni sarafu rasmi ya eneo la Eurozone, ambalo linajumuisha nchi 20 kati ya wanachama 27 wa Umoja wa Ulaya. Ni sarafu ya pili inayouzwa zaidi duniani baada ya dola ya Marekani na inatumika kama sarafu ya akiba ya kimataifa. Ilianzishwa kama sarafu ya kihasibu mwaka 1999 na baadaye kutolewa katika mfumo wa noti na sarafu mwaka 2002, ikichukua nafasi ya sarafu za kitaifa kama vile Deutsche Mark, Franc ya Ufaransa, na Lira ya Italia. Benki Kuu ya Ulaya, yenye makao yake makuu Frankfurt, Ujerumani, inasimamia sera ya fedha na utoaji wa Euro ndani ya Eurozone.
Euro inatumiwa na zaidi ya watu milioni 340 barani Ulaya na pia inakubalika katika baadhi ya nchi na maeneo yasiyo wanachama wa EU. Alama ya sarafu imetokana na herufi ya Kigiriki Epsilon, inayowakilisha Ulaya, huku msimbo wake wa ISO ukiwa EUR. Noti za Euro zina muundo wa kawaida kote Eurozone, zikionyesha michoro ya usanifu wa majengo inayoashiria urithi wa Ulaya, huku sarafu zikiwa na upande wa kawaida na upande wa kitaifa unaoonyesha utambulisho wa kila nchi mwanachama. WikipediaKuhusu Ruble ya Urusi
The ruble or rouble is the official currency of Russia. Banknotes and coins are issued by the Central Bank of Russia, which is Russia's monetary authority independent of all other government bodies.
The ruble is the second-oldest currency in continuous use, after pound sterling, as well as the first decimal currency. The ruble was the currency of the Russian Empire and later the Soviet Union, where it was known as the Soviet ruble. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Soviet ruble was replaced in Russia with the Russian ruble at par in the following year. The Russian ruble continued to be used in 11 post-Soviet states, forming a "ruble zone" until 1993. In 1998, the ruble was redenominated shortly before the 1998 financial crisis, at a rate of 1000 RUR = 1 RUB.
The ruble is a free-floating currency and is subdivided into 100 kopecks which have fallen out of use due to inflation. In 2023, the digital ruble was introduced. The Russian ruble is also used as a de facto legal tender in Baikonur, Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Wikipedia