Bosh sahifaZAR / JPY • Valyuta
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ZAR / JPY
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Rand haqida
The South African rand, or simply the rand, is the official currency of the Southern African Common Monetary Area: South Africa, Namibia, Lesotho and Eswatini. It is subdivided into 100 cents, and a comma separates the rand and cents.
The South African rand is legal tender in the Common Monetary Area member states of Namibia, Lesotho, and Eswatini, with these three countries also having national currencies: pegged with the rand at parity and still widely accepted as substitutes. The rand was also legal tender in Botswana until 1976 when the pula replaced the rand at par. WikipediaYaponiya iyenasi haqida
Iyena - Yaponiyaning rasmiy pul birligi. Bu valyuta bozorida AQSh dollari va yevrodan keyin uchinchi eng ko'p sotiladigan valyutadir. U AQSh dollari va yevrodan keyin uchinchi zahira valyutasi sifatida ham keng qo'llaniladi.
1871-yilgi yangi valyuta qonuni Yaponiyaning zamonaviy valyuta tizimini joriy qildi, Iyena 1.5 g deb belgilangan. oltin yoki 24.26 g kumush va o'nlik 100 sen yoki 1000 ringa bo'lingan. Yen avvalgi Tokugava tangalarini hamda feodal xan tomonidan chiqarilgan turli xil hansatsu qog'oz valyutalarini almashtirdi. Yaponiya banki 1882-yilda tashkil topgan va unga pul massasini nazorat qilish monopoliyasi berilgan.
Ikkinchi jahon urushidan keyin Iyena urushdan oldingi qiymatini yo'qotdi. Yaponiya iqtisodiyotini barqarorlashtirish uchun iyenaning kursi Bretton-Vuds tizimining bir qismi sifatida bir iyena 360 AQSh dollari etib belgilandi. 1971-yilda bu tizimdan voz kechilgach, iyena past baholandi va suzib yurishiga ruxsat berildi. Iyena 1973-yilda bir AQSh dollari 271 ¥ ga teng bo`ldi, keyin 1973-yilgi neft inqirozi tufayli iyena qadrsizlanish davrini boshdan kechirdi va 1980-yilga kelib bir AQSh dollari uchun 227 ¥ deb belgilandi. Wikipedia