背景技术 BACKGROUND

膏桐Jatropha curcas L.又名麻疯树、小桐子。 Jatropha Jatropha curcas L., also known as Jatropha, Jatropha. 分布于热带、亚热带地区。 Distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. 我国有栽培或半野生。 China has cultivated or semi-wild. 灌木或小乔木，高2-5m，多分枝。 Shrubs or small trees, high 2-5m, much branched. 速生。 Fast-growing. 喜肥沃土壤，酸性土或钙质土均宜生长。 Hi, fertile soil, acidic soil or calcareous soils are advised to grow. 耐0℃左右的低温及轻霜。 Resistance to low temperature of about 0 ℃ and light cream. 抗风力强。 Strong wind. 我国南海诸岛有分布。 South China Sea islands have distribution. 台、闽、粤、琼、桂、滇、黔、川等地栽培或半野生。 Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other cultivation or semi-wild. 多栽培作围篱及供观赏。 And more cultivated for ornamental fences. 种仁含油脂约50％，可作润滑油、制皂等用，并可催吐下泻，但有毒，忌食。 Seeds contain about 50% oil, can be used as lubricants, soap, etc. to use, and can induce vomiting tumble, but toxic, not eat.

实生苗3年生开始结实，可连年结果，正常结实期6-20年。 3-year-old seedlings start strong, can result in successive years, 6-20 years of normal seed. 结实间隔期不明显。 Strong interval obvious. 花单性，雌雄同株。 Flowers unisexual, monoecious. 二歧聚伞花序腋生。 Dichotomous cymes axillary. 雌花顶生于花序中央或二歧分叉处。 Born in the central or top female inflorescence dichotomous bifurcation. 雄花萼片和花瓣各5，花瓣长于花萼。 Male sepals and petals each 5 petals longer than calyx. 雄蕊10，2轮，内轮花丝合生，花盘腺体5。 Stamens 10,2 wheels, inner filaments connate, faceplate glands 5. 雌花花瓣短于花萼。 Female flower petals shorter than calyx. 子房上位，3室，每室1胚珠。 Ovary superior, 3 rooms, each room an ovule. 花柱3，箭形，基部合生，顶端2裂。 Styles 3, arrow, at base, the top 2 crack. 果实长2.5-4cm，径2-3cm，每果内有种子3粒，间有2粒，种子黑褐色至黑色，扁椭圆形，长1.6-2cm，宽1-1.3cm，有肉质胚乳，胚伸直，子叶宽扁，长椭圆形。 Fruit long 2.5-4cm, diameter 2-3cm, there are seeds per fruit 3, between two seeds dark brown to black, flat oval, long 1.6-2cm, width 1-1.3cm, fleshy endosperm, germ straight, wide and flat cotyledons, oblong.

现在栽培或半野生的膏桐繁殖方法只有种子繁殖和扦插繁殖，繁殖周期长，成本高。 Now cultivated or semi-wild breeding methods only curcas seed multiplication and cutting propagation, long reproductive cycle, high cost. 植物组织培养，就是分离植物体的一部分组织，如根、茎段、叶、花、幼胚等，在无菌试管中，配合一定的营养、激素、温度、光照等条件，使其生成完整植株。 Plant tissue culture is part of the organizational separation plants, such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and other immature embryos, in a sterile test tube, with certain nutrients, hormones, temperature, light and other conditions to generate a complete plant . 由于其条件可以严格控制，生长迅速，1个月左右即为一个周期，因此组织培养被称为快速繁殖，膏桐若能应用组织培养进行快速繁殖，将在膏桐种苗生产上有重要应用价值，但至今没有膏桐应用组织培养进行快速繁殖的报道和使用。 Conditions can be strictly controlled because of its rapid growth, a month or so that is a cycle, and therefore is called the rapid propagation of tissue culture, tissue culture curcas if rapid propagation, will have important applications in curcas seed production value, but so far no curcas application coverage and use of tissue culture and rapid propagation of.