| Publication number | CN104228067 A |
| Publication type | Application |
| Application number | CN 201410352390 |
| Publication date | Dec 24, 2014 |
| Filing date | Jul 23, 2014 |
| Priority date | Jul 23, 2014 |
| Publication number | 201410352390.9, CN 104228067 A, CN 104228067A, CN 201410352390, CN-A-104228067, CN104228067 A, CN104228067A, CN201410352390, CN201410352390.9 |
| Inventors | 饶先花 |
| Applicant | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan |
| Patent Citations (2), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (2), Classifications (1), Legal Events (2) | |
| External Links: SIPO, Espacenet | |
技术领域 Technical Field
[0001] 本发明涉及一种快速增材制造方法，特别涉及一种溶液固化快速成型制造方法。 [0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a rapid increase in material, particularly to a method for producing a solution stereolithography.
背景技术 Background
[0002] 快速增材制造技术(又叫3D打印技术)是近年来受到广泛关注的一项技术，就是利用三维CAD的数据，通过各种手段将一层层的材料堆积成实体原型。 [0002] The rapid growth of material manufacturing technology (also known as 3D printing technology) is a technology in recent years by widespread concern is the use of three-dimensional CAD data, through a variety of means to accumulate layers of material into a physical prototype. 其主要方式有熔融沉积技术(FDM)、选择性激光熔化(SLM)或选择性激光烧结(SLS)、石膏3DP打印技术等，其打印用的原材料一般是丝状、粉末状的金属或非金属、光固化的液体树脂等。 The main methods are fused deposition technique (FDM), selective laser melting (SLM) or selective laser sintering (SLS), gypsum 3DP printing technology, which is generally used for printing is a filamentous material, powdered metal or metalloid light curable liquid resin.
[0003] 光固化立体成型技术(SL)是一种以光敏树脂的聚合反应为基础，以计算机控制下的紫外激光，沿着部件各分层截面轮廓，对液态树脂进行逐点扫描，使被扫描的树脂薄层产生聚合反应，由点逐渐形成线，最终形成部件的一个薄层的固化截面，而未被扫描到的树脂保持原来的液态。 [0003] The molding technology stereolithography (SL) is a kind of polymerization photosensitive resin based, ultraviolet laser under computer control, each layered profile along parts of the liquid resin is scanned point by point, so that was thin layer of resin polymerization or scanned by a point gradually forming line, forming a thin layer of solidified sectional component, without being scanned into the resin to maintain the original liquid. 当一层固化完毕，升降工作台移动一个层片厚度的距离，在上一层已经固化的树脂表面再覆盖一层新的液态树脂，用以进行再一次的扫描固化。 When the layer of curing is complete, the lift table moves away from a layer thickness of the surface layer of the resin has cured and then covered with a new layer of liquid resin to be cured scan again. 新固化的一层牢固地粘合在前一层上，如此循环往复，直到整个部件原型制造完毕。 New firmware layer firmly bonded on one front, and so on ad infinitum, until the entire component prototypes completed. SL工艺的优点是精度较高，一般尺寸精度可控制在0.0lmm,表面质量好，原料利用率接近100%，能制造形状特别复杂、精细的零件。 SL advantage of the process is a high precision, dimensional accuracy in general can be controlled 0.0lmm, good surface quality, close to 100% utilization of raw materials, particularly complicated shape can be produced, sophisticated parts.
[0004] 熔融沉积技术(FDM)技术是通过将丝状的材料如热塑性塑料、蜡或金属的熔丝从加热喷嘴中挤出，按照零件每层的预定轨迹，以固定的速率进行熔体沉积，叠加一层，工作台下降一个层厚进行叠加沉积新的一层，如此反复最终实现零件的沉积成型。 [0004] fused deposition techniques (FDM) technique by filamentous thermoplastic material such as a fuse, a wax or a metal is extruded from the nozzle is heated in accordance with a predetermined part of each track, at a fixed rate melt deposition superimposed layer, a layer thickness decrease table overlay a new layer deposition, and so forth and ultimately depositing the molded part.
[0005]由于现有的快速增材制造技术中所采用的材料一般是丝状、粉末状的金属或非金属、光固化的液体树脂等，这些材料在固化成型过程中一般需要激光或其它设备进行加热，因此在现有增材制造技术存在能耗较大，设备结构较复杂，控制难度较高等缺点；同时现有技术中还没有采用溶液作原材料的快速增材制造技术，增材制造技术方式还不够全面。 [0005] As the material of the rapid growth of existing timber manufacturing technology is typically used in filamentous, powdered metal or non-metal, photo-curable liquid resin, these materials curing process generally requires a laser or other device heated, so there is a large energy consumption, the device structure is more complex, more difficult to control growth and other shortcomings in the existing timber manufacturing technology; at the same time in the prior art have not yet adopted solution for the rapid growth of raw material manufacturing technology, increasing material manufacturing technology way is not comprehensive enough.
发明内容 DISCLOSURE
[0006] 有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种溶液固化快速成型制造方法，以进一步丰富快速增材制造技术的方式。 [0006] In view of this, the present invention is to provide a solution Stereolithography fabrication methods to further enrich the rapid growth of material manufacturing technology approach.
[0007] 本发明溶液固化快速成型制造方法，包括步骤: [0007] The present invention solution solidifying rapid prototyping manufacturing method comprising the steps of:
[0008] (I)配制作为打印原材料的溶液原料，并将溶液原料装入保持其稳定性和均匀性的存储容器中； [0008] (I) was formulated as a printing raw material, the raw material and the solution was charged to maintain its stability and uniformity in the storage container;
[0009] (2)利用计算机对所要形成的产品进行程序切割分层，形成组成产品的各个虚拟层； [0009] (2) the use of a computer for the product to be formed is layered cut program, each virtual layer forming composition of the product;
[0010] (3)采用泵将存储容器中的溶液原料经打印喷头喷入凝固浴中，所述凝固浴中设置有承载产品的可升降工作台，通过计算机控制泵的启停、泵的流量和打印喷头的运动轨迹，使溶液原料在与凝固浴接触过程中发生化学或/和物理变化而固化成型，固化成型材料在凝固浴的界面处堆积形成一层与步骤(2)中虚拟层形状一致的实体层； [0010] (3) the use of pump storage container was sprayed into the print nozzles raw materials coagulation bath, bath products can be provided with a bearing lifting table, by computer-controlled pump start and stop the pump flow rate of the coagulation and print heads of the trajectory of the solution of raw materials of chemical or / and physical changes occur in contact with the coagulation bath and curing process, curing the material at the interface of the coagulating bath accumulation layer formed in step (2) in the shape of a virtual layer consistent physical layer;
[0011] (4)在打印完成一层实体层后控制可升降工作台下降与虚拟层厚度相等的高度； [0011] (4) After completion of printing one physical-layer control may decrease the lift table and the virtual layer thickness equal to the height;
[0012] (5)依次重复步骤(3)和步骤(4)，直至打印出与步骤(2)各虚拟层相对应的所有实体层。 [0012] (5) sequentially repeating steps (3) and the step (4), and printed out until the step (2) each of the virtual layers corresponding to all the physical layer.
[0013] 进一步，在步骤(3)中，所述溶液原料在与凝固浴接触过程中发生反相沉淀而固化成型。 [0013] Further, in the step (3), the solution and curing the raw material occurs in the contact with the reverse-phase precipitation bath the coagulation process.
[0014] 进一步，所述溶液原料是聚合物以分子状态分散在溶剂中所形成的均相混合体系O [0014] Further, the raw material solution is a homogeneous mixture system O polymer molecular state dispersed in a solvent is formed
[0015] 进一步，所述聚合物包括聚酰亚胺、聚醚醚酮、聚醚砜、聚丙烯腈、聚苯乙烯、ABS、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乳酸和聚丙烯酰胺中的至少一种；所述溶剂包括环丁砜、DMAc、DMS0、DMF和NMP中的至少一种；所述凝固浴包括水、环丁砜、DMAc、DMF和NMP中的至少一种。 [0015] Further, the polymer comprises at least one polyimide, polyether ether ketone, polyether sulfone, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, ABS, polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactic acid and polyacrylamide in species; the solvent comprises at least one sulfolane, DMAc, DMS0, DMF and NMP in; the coagulation bath comprises at least one water, sulfolane, DMAc, DMF and NMP in the.
[0016] 进一步，在步骤(3)中，所述溶液原料在与凝固浴接触过程中发生化学反应而固化成型，所述溶液原料包括环氧树脂乳化液、水泥砂浆或厌氧胶，所述凝固浴包括水、水蒸气、空气或氮气。 [0016] Further, in the step (3), and the solution react chemically curing material in contact with the coagulation bath process, the feed solution comprises an epoxy resin emulsion, cement mortar or anaerobic, the coagulating bath comprising water, steam, air or nitrogen.
[0017] 进一步，在步骤(3)中，所述溶液原料在与凝固浴接触过程中发生结晶反应而固化成型。 [0017] Further, in the step (3), and curing the solution in contact with the raw material occurs in the coagulation bath during the crystallization reaction.
[0018] 进一步，所述溶液原料包括木质纤维素乳液或壳聚糖溶液，所述凝固浴为水。 [0018] Further, the lignocellulosic feedstock comprises an emulsion solution or a solution of chitosan, said coagulating bath is water.
[0019] 进一步,在步骤(I)中，米用加热和揽祥方式保持溶液原料在存储各器中的稳定性和均匀性。 [0019] Further, in step (I), the meter feed solution was kept in the memory of each vessel stability and uniformity of heating and Lan Xiang way.
[0020] 进一步，在步骤(3)中，采用加热或冷却方式以保持溶液原料固化成型所需的温度。 [0020] Further, in the step (3), the use of heating or cooling to maintain the solution feed temperature required for curing.
[0021] 本发明的有益效果:本发明一种溶液固化快速成型制造方法，其利用溶液原料作为快速增材制造的原材料，拓展了快速增材制造的原料范围，丰富了快速增材制造技术的生产方式；同时本溶液固化快速成型制造方法在生产制造过程中，不需要高能量激光等加热设备，生产过程能耗低，设备形式较简单，生产过程容易控制，易于大规模应用。 [0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention: A solution stereolithography method of the present invention, its use as a raw material solution rapidly increasing raw material manufacturing expand rapidly increasing raw material manufacturing scope, enrich the rapid growth of timber manufacturing technology production; while this solution solidifying method for rapid prototyping in the manufacturing process does not require high-energy laser and other heating equipment, production process, low energy consumption, equipment in the form of relatively simple, the production process is easy to control, easy to large-scale application.
附图说明 Brief Description
[0022] 图1为实施本发明溶液固化快速成型制造方法的设备结构示意图。 [0022] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device configuration solution solidifying rapid prototyping method of the present invention is implemented.
具体实施方式 DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] 下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。 [0023] below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the embodiment of the present invention will be further described below.
[0024] 实施例一，如图所示，本实施例溶液固化快速成型制造方法，包括步骤: [0024] Embodiment 1, as shown, the embodiment of the present solution solidifying rapid prototyping manufacturing method comprising the steps of:
[0025] (I)配制作为打印原材料的溶液原料，并将溶液原料装入保持其稳定性和均匀性的存储容器I中； [0025] (I) was formulated as a printing raw material, the raw material and the solution was charged to maintain its stability and uniformity of the storage container I;
[0026] (2)利用计算机2对所要形成的产品进行程序切割分层，形成组成产品的各个虚拟层，利用程序切割分层产品属现有技术，可利用现有cad设计软件完成； [0026] (2) the use of computer products to be formed two pairs were stratified program cut to form the composition of products, each virtual layer, using procedures known in the prior art cutting layered product can be used to complete existing cad design software;
[0027] (3)采用泵3将存储容器I中的溶液原料经打印喷头4喷入凝固浴5中，所述凝固浴5中设置有承载产品6的可升降工作台7，通过计算机2控制泵3的启停、泵的流量和打印喷头的运动轨迹，使溶液原料在与凝固浴5接触过程中发生化学或/和物理变化而固化成型，固化成型材料在凝固浴5的界面处堆积形成一层与步骤(2)中虚拟层形状一致的实体层； [0027] (3) The pump 3 storage containers I was raw materials print nozzles 4 is injected into the coagulation bath 5, the coagulation bath 5 is provided with a bearing 6 products can lift table 7, controlled by computer 2 start and stop the pump 3, pump flow trajectory and print heads, and the solution raw material and curing chemical and / or physical changes in 5 contact with the coagulation bath during curing material in the coagulation bath at the interface 5 stacked to form a layer of step (2) in the same layer, physical layer virtual shape;
[0028] (4)在打印完成一层实体层后控制可升降工作台7下降与虚拟层厚度相等的高度； [0028] (4) After completion of printing one physical-layer control may decrease the lift table 7 is equal to the thickness of the virtual layer height;
[0029] (5)依次重复步骤(3)和步骤(4)，直至打印出与步骤(2)各虚拟层相对应的所有实体层； [0029] (5) sequentially repeating steps (3) and the step (4), and printed out until the step (2) each of the virtual layers corresponding to all the physical layer;
[0030] (6)将打印所得产品从凝固浴5中取出，再经过后期精整等处理，即可得到最终的合格产品。 [0030] (6) will print the resulting product is removed from the coagulation bath 5, and then after finishing a post-treatment, to get the final qualifying products.
[0031] 本实施例溶液固化快速成型制造方法，在步骤(3)中，所述溶液原料在与凝固浴5接触过程中发生反相沉淀而固化成型，所述溶液原料是聚合物以分子状态分散在溶剂中所形成的均相混合体系。 [0031] This example solution solidifying method of rapid prototyping, in step (3), the solution feed occurs reversed phase 5 precipitated in contact with the coagulation bath and curing process, the starting material is a solution of polymer molecular state dispersed in a solvent in the formation of a homogeneous mixture system.
[0032] 本实施例中，所述溶液原料为聚酰亚胺溶解在DMAc溶剂中形成的均相混合体系，所述凝固浴5为水、环丁砜、DMF或NMP等。 [0032] In this embodiment, the starting material is a polyimide solution dissolved in DMAc solvent to form a homogeneous mixture system, the water coagulation bath 5, sulfolane, DMF or NMP and the like. 当然在不同实施例中，所述溶液原料还可为聚醚砜溶解在砜溶剂中形成的均相混合体系，所述凝固浴为水、DMAc、DMF或NMP等；所述溶液原料还可为聚醚醚酮溶解在二苯砜中形成的均相混合体系，凝固浴为水、DMAc、DMF或NMP ;所述所述溶液原料还可为聚丙烯腈溶解在DMF中形成的均相混合体系，所述凝固浴为为水、环丁砜、DMAc或NMP ;本实施例中只是列举了部分能发生反相沉淀反应的溶液原料和凝固浴5，本领域技术人员应当理解采用了其他溶液原料和凝固浴，但与本溶液固化快速成型制造方法实质相同的溶液固化快速成型制造方法也应包含在本发明保护范围之中。 Of course, in various embodiments, the feed solution may also be a polyether sulfone sulfone was dissolved in a mixed solvent to form a homogeneous system, the coagulation bath is water, DMAc, DMF or NMP and the like; the material may also be a solution PEEK was dissolved in diphenyl sulphone formed homogeneously mixed system, solidifying bath of water, DMAc, DMF or NMP; the starting material may also be a solution of the polyacrylonitrile dissolved in DMF formed a homogeneous mixture system , the solidifying bath is water, sulfolane, DMAc or NMP; in this embodiment only a partial list of the precipitation reaction can occur inverting feed solution and the coagulating bath 5, those skilled in the art will appreciate the use of other materials and solidification solution bath, but this solution stereolithography method for manufacturing the same substance was stereolithography manufacturing method should also be included within the scope of the present invention.
[0033] 本实施例溶液固化快速成型制造方法，在步骤⑴中，采用加热和搅拌方式来保持溶液原料在存储容器I中的稳定性和均匀性。 [0033] This embodiment solution stereolithography manufacturing method, in step ⑴, using heating and stirring way to keep raw material solution in the storage container I, stability and uniformity.
[0034] 本实施例溶液固化快速成型制造方法，在步骤(3)中，还采用了加热或冷却方式来保持溶液原料固化成型所需的温度。 [0034] This embodiment solution stereolithography manufacturing method, in step (3), also used for heating or cooling the solution to maintain the desired temperature curing materials.
[0035] 实施例二:本实施例溶液固化快速成型制造方法与实施例一的区别在于:在步骤 [0035] Example II: This Example solution stereolithography manufacturing method differs from Example One embodiment is that: in step
(3)中，所述溶液原料在与凝固浴接触过程中发生化学反应而固化成型，所述溶液原料为环氧树脂乳化液，所述凝固浴为水、水蒸气、空气或氮气；当然在不同实施例中，所述溶液原料还可为水泥砂浆，所述凝固浴为水、水蒸气、空气或氮气；所述溶液原料还可为厌氧胶，所述凝固浴包括水、水蒸气、空气或氮气。 (3), said feed solution into contact with a coagulation bath occur during a chemical reaction and curing, the material is an epoxy resin emulsion solution, the coagulation bath is water, steam, air or nitrogen; course In various embodiments, the feed solution may also be a cement mortar, the coagulation bath is water, steam, air or nitrogen; the starting material may also be a solution anaerobic adhesive, the coagulation bath comprises water, steam, air or nitrogen. 本实施例溶液固化快速成型制造方法的其它步骤与实施例一相同，在此不再一一赘述。 Other steps of the present embodiment, the curing solution rapid prototyping method same as in Example A, will not enumerate.
[0036] 实施例三:本实施例溶液固化快速成型制造方法与实施例一的区别在于:在步骤 [0036] Example III: This Example solution stereolithography manufacturing method differs from Example One embodiment is that: in step
(3)中，所述溶液原料在与凝固浴接触过程中发生结晶反应而固化成型，所述溶液原料包括木质纤维素乳液，所述凝固浴为水；当然在不同实施例中，所述溶液原料还可为壳聚糖溶液，所述凝固浴为水。 (3), the solution of curing reaction starting material crystallized during contact with the coagulation bath, the lignocellulosic feedstock comprises an emulsion solution, the coagulation bath is water; of course, in different embodiments, the solution material may also be a chitosan solution, the coagulation bath is water. 本实施例溶液固化快速成型制造方法的其它步骤与实施例一相同，在此不再一一赘述。 Other steps of the present embodiment, the curing solution rapid prototyping method same as in Example A, will not enumerate.
[0037] 最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，但是不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围的其它技术方案，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。 [0037] Finally, note that the above embodiments are merely provided for describing the technical solutions of the present invention, not limitation, although with reference to the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the present invention can technical program modifications or equivalent replacements, but without departing from the spirit and scope of other technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solution, should cover the scope of the claims of the present invention requires them.
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