| Publication number | CN104275732 A |
| Publication type | Application |
| Application number | CN 201410543632 |
| Publication date | Jan 14, 2015 |
| Filing date | Oct 15, 2014 |
| Priority date | Oct 15, 2014 |
| Also published as | CN104275732B |
| Publication number | 201410543632.2, CN 104275732 A, CN 104275732A, CN 201410543632, CN-A-104275732, CN104275732 A, CN104275732A, CN201410543632, CN201410543632.2 |
| Inventors | 熊吉如 |
| Applicant | 南京倍立达新材料系统工程股份有限公司 |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan |
| Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (1), Classifications (3), Legal Events (3) | |
| External Links: SIPO, Espacenet | |
技术领域 Technical Field
[0001] 本发明涉及一种GRC制品的3D打印装置，具体是一种基于流沙支撑的GRC制品的3D打印装置，属于建筑工程自动化领域。 [0001] The present invention relates to a device for 3D printing GRC products, in particular to a system based on quicksand 3D printing support GRC products, the architectural engineering automation.
背景技术 Background technique
[0002] 3D打印在工业制造领域俗称〃快速成型机〃，其本质上是一种制造技术，业内称其为"增材制造"，是基于离散堆积的原理来进行分层制造，由计算机辅助设计模型(CAD)直接驱动，运用金属、塑料、陶瓷、树脂、蜡、纸、砂等可粘合材料，在快速成形设备里通过逐层堆叠累积的方式来构造复杂形状的物理实体。 [0002] 3D printing known in industrial manufacturing 〃 〃 rapid prototyping machine, which is essentially a manufacturing technology, the industry called "increasing material manufacturing" is based on the principle of discrete stacked for layered manufacturing, aided by design model (CAD) driven directly, using metal, plastics, ceramics, resins, wax, paper, sand and other materials can be bonded, by the rapid prototyping apparatus where cumulative manner layer by layer stacking of complex shape to construct a physical entity. 与传统对原材料进行切、削、割、磨、钻、铣等加工工艺的〃减材制造〃方法相反，3D打印是从无到有的制作过程，几乎不产生废料。 The raw materials and the traditional cut, cut, cut, contrary 〃 〃 reduce material manufacturing method of grinding, drilling, milling and other processing technology, 3D printing is the production process from scratch, almost no waste. 传统工艺制造属于〃雕刻"，做〃减法"，铸锭一制胚一模具一模锻，材料利用率只有7% ;增材制造，属于〃塑造〃，是做〃加法〃，材料利用率80%以上。 〃 belongs to the traditional manufacturing process engraving "〃 do subtraction", a system of embryos ingot mold a forging a material utilization rate is only 7%; increase material manufacturing, mold 〃 〃 belongs, is doing 〃 〃 addition, material utilization 80 % the above. 3D打印机与普通打印机的工作原理基本相同，打印机内装有液体或粉末等“打印材料”，与电脑连接后，通过电脑控制把“打印材料”层层叠加起来，最终把计算机设计的蓝图打印成实物。 3D printer works essentially the same as an ordinary printer, printer built with liquid or powder "printed material" to connect with the computer, the "printing material" layers are superimposed by computer control, computer-designed blueprint eventually printed in kind . 3D打印技术与传统技术相t匕，自动化程度高；由于其数字化制造的模式无需复杂的工艺和庞大的机床，同时亦可省去众多的人力，直接从计算机中获取图形数据便制造任意形状零件，这使得其应用范围可以延伸到很多工程制造领域。 3D printing technology and traditional techniques t dagger, high degree of automation; because of its digital manufacturing mode without complicated process and huge machines, while also eliminating the need for a large number of manpower, access graphics data will manufacture any shape parts directly from your computer , which makes its application range can be extended to many engineering and manufacturing fields.
[0003] 随着我国经济社会的发展，城市化建设的规模逐年加大，建筑行业中人力资源成本的提高、建筑垃圾造成的环境污染、建筑材料与能源的浪费、劳动强度大等问题日益突显。 [0003] With the development of economy and society, the scale of urbanization increased year by year, to improve the construction industry in the cost of human resources, a waste of environmental pollution caused by construction waste, construction materials and energy, labor-intensive and other issues increasingly highlighted . 基于上述存在的这些问题，GRC装饰板技术应运而生并得以迅速发展，但GRC装饰板造型丰富、体量较大，对模具要求很高，因此通常采用木模人工制备，存在劳动强度大、制造成本高，材料无法循环利用，容易造成资源浪费和环境污染等诸多问题。 , GRC decorative plate technology is introduced based on the existence of these problems and to develop rapidly, but the shape of rich GRC decorative plates, large body mass, demanding the mold, it is often prepared manually using wooden mold, there is a large labor intensity, high manufacturing costs, materials can not be recycled, likely to cause waste of resources and environmental pollution and many other issues.
发明内容 DISCLOSURE
[0004] 本发明所要解决技术问题在于克服现有技术缺陷，提供一种能快速制造GRC制品且制造成本低、支撑材料可循环利用的基于流沙支撑的GRC制品的3D打印装置。 [0004] The present invention is to solve the technical problems to overcome deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a low cost, the support material can be recycled sand-based support of GRC products, 3D printing apparatus capable of rapid manufacturing GRC products and manufacturing.
[0005] 为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的基于流沙支撑的GRC制品的3D打印装置，包括三轴立体控制机构、烧筑机构、流沙支撑机构和打印控制系统，所述烧筑机构和流沙支撑机构均安装三轴立体控制机构上；所述三轴立体控制机构连接打印控制系统，控制浇筑机构和流沙支撑机构在X、Y、Z轴上的轴向移动；所述浇筑机构连接打印控制系统，用于输出GRC ;所述流沙支撑机构连接打印控制系统，用于输出流沙对浇筑机构输出的GRC提供同步支撑，所述三轴立体控制机构、浇筑机构和流沙支撑机构均设置在打印箱体罩内。 [0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a quicksand-based support of GRC products, 3D printing device, including three-dimensional three-axis control mechanism, burning building institutions, supporting institutions quicksand and print control system, the burning building institutions and quicksand support means are mounted on three-axis three-dimensional control mechanism; the three-axis three-dimensional control mechanism is connected print control system, control mechanism and sand pouring support mechanism to move in the axial direction X, Y, Z axis; the pouring mechanism connecting the print control system for outputting GRC; the quicksand support mechanism connecting the print control system for outputting output quicksand of pouring mechanism GRC provides synchronization support, the three-dimensional three-axis control mechanism, pouring sand bodies and support agencies are set in the Print box Body hood.
[0006] 本发明中，所述浇筑机构安装在三轴立体控制机构的Y轴上，浇筑机构包括出料泵、出料口、性能测定传感器和集料箱，所述出料泵分别与出料口和集料箱相连接，所述性能测定传感器连接打印控制系统。 [0006] The present invention, Y-axis, the pouring mechanism pouring mechanism mounted stereoscopic three-axis control mechanism includes a feed pump, the discharge port, performance measurement sensors and aggregates box, the discharge of the pump, respectively Aggregate tank discharge port and connect the performance measurement sensors are connected to print control system.
[0007] 本发明中，所述集料箱内设有振捣装置。 [0007] The present invention, the aggregate box with vibrating devices.
[0008] 本发明中，所述流沙支撑机构安装在三轴立体控制机构的Y轴上，流沙支撑机构包括储沙罐、流沙挤出口、流量控制器和流沙平面对齐装置，所述储沙罐与流沙挤出口连接，所述储沙罐与流沙挤出口之间连接流量控制器，所述流沙平面对齐装置安装在浇筑机构的出料口两侧并与打印控制系统连接，用于检测流沙的挤出和平面高度。 [0008] The present invention, Y-axis support mechanism of the quicksand-axis three-dimensional installation in the control mechanism, quicksand support mechanism includes a reservoir tank sand, quicksand extrusion, flow controllers and quicksand plane alignment device, the reservoir sand tank Extrusion connection with quicksand, the storage tank and the sand quicksand squeeze both sides of the discharge port is connected between the outlet flow controllers, the quicksand plane alignment device installed in connection with the placement agency and print control system for detecting quicksand extrusion and plane height.
[0009] 本发明中，所述流沙平面对齐装置为光波感应器。 [0009] In the present invention, the alignment device is quicksand plane wave sensor.
[0010] 本发明中，所述光波感应器为激光传感器或红外线传感器。 [0010] The present invention, the light wave sensor is a laser sensor or an infrared sensor.
[0011] 本发明中，所述三轴立体控制机构中X轴、Z轴均包括两根导轨、分别设置在两根轴导轨上的移动轮轴，每个轴导轨上设有轴移动步进电机控制轴移动控制轮轴移动；所述两根Z轴导轨分别与两根X轴导轨上的移动轮轴连接；所述Y轴包括Y轴导轨，Y轴导轨两端分别与两根Z轴导轨上的移动轮轴连接，Y轴导轨设有可移动平台和Y轴移动步进电机，Y轴移动步进电机控制平台轴向移动。 [0011] The present invention, the three-dimensional three-axis control mechanism in the X-axis, Z-axis comprises two guide rails, are provided on the two axes moving axle rail, rail is provided on each axis stepper motor axis control axis motion control shaft; said two Z-axis guide shaft are connected with the movement of the two X-axis rails; the Y axis includes Y-axis guide, Y-axis guide both ends with two Z-axis rails mobile axle connection, Y-axis guide rail has a movable platform and Y axis stepper motor, Y axis stepper motor control platform to move axially.
[0012] 本发明的工作原理:本发明用于GRC装饰板材的制作和打印，3D打印装置运行通过三个坐标轴的移动实现打印物体定位，与3D打印装置同步的浇筑机构进行GRC材料浇筑，同时由计算机控制的流沙支撑机构挤出流沙并进行找平检测，整个施工过程是在主体结构浇筑制作和流沙挤出支撑同步协调进行。 [0012] The working principle of the invention: the invention for the production of GRC decorative plates and printing, 3D printing device run by moving in three axes positioning objects to achieve print, and 3D printing device synchronization GRC material pouring pouring institutions, extruded from a computer-controlled quicksand quicksand and support mechanism for leveling detection, the entire construction process is produced in the main structure and shifting sand pouring out of sync coordinated support.
[0013] 本发明的有益效果在于:(1)、本发明3D打印装置有效的解决了GRC模具制造工艺复杂的难题，有利于GRC产品快速成型，满足了建筑行业快速发展的，避免人工制模带来的时间成本提高；(2)、本发明可大大地减少建筑材料的使用，避免了建筑材料浪费，减少了环境污染；(3)、支撑工艺采用成本低廉的流沙实现3D打印，符合GRC装饰制品板材装饰面的特征，可以重复利用支撑材料，进一步节省了打印成本，绿色环保。 [0013] The beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1), 3D printing apparatus of the present invention effectively solves the GRC mold manufacturing process complicated problems, favor rapid prototyping GRC products to meet the rapid development of the construction industry to avoid artificial molding time costs associated with the increase; (2), the present invention can greatly reduce the use of building materials, construction materials to avoid waste, reduce environmental pollution; (3) the support process using low-cost 3D printing quicksand achieve, in line with GRC Decorative Products paneled surface features, support materials can be reused, further saving printing costs, green.
附图说明 Brief Description
[0014] 图1为本发明基于流沙支撑的GRC制品的3D打印装置结构示意图； [0014] Figure 1 is a schematic configuration of the invention means 3D printing GRC products based quicksand supported;
图2为图1中的A部放大图； Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A;
图中:1-X轴导轨，2-X轴移动轮轴，3-Z轴导轨，4-Y轴导轨，5-Z轴移动步进电机，6-Y轴移动步进电机，7-X轴移动步进电机，8-流沙挤出口，9-出料口，10-流量控制器，11-出料泵，12-性能测定传感器，13-集料箱，14-振捣装置，15-储沙罐，16-激光传感器，17-打印箱体罩。 Fig: 1-X-axis guide rails, 2-X axis moving axle, 3-Z-axis guide rails, 4-Y-axis rail, 5-Z axis stepper motor, 6-Y axis stepper motor, 7-X axis Mobile stepper motor, 8 quicksand extrusion, 9 spout, 10 traffic controllers, 11 of the feed pump, 12 performance measurement sensor, 13 collection bins, 14 vibrating device, 15 reservoir sand tank, 16 laser sensors, 17 print box cover.
具体实施方式 DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] 下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。 [0015] the following with reference to the present invention will be described in further detail.
[0016] 如图1所示，本发明基于流沙支撑的GRC (玻璃纤维增强混凝土)制品的3D打印装置通过三个坐标轴的移动实现打印物体定位，其中X轴包括两根平行设置的X轴导轨1，每根X轴导轨I上均设有X轴移动轮轴2和控制X轴移动轮轴2轴向移动的X轴移动步进电机7 ；Z轴包括两根平行设置的Z轴导轨3，每根Z轴导轨3上均设有Z轴移动轮轴和控制Z轴移动轮轴轴向移动的Z轴移动步进电机5，两根平行设置的Z轴导轨3分别与两根X轴导轨上的X移动轮轴连接，可沿X轴导轨轴向移动；Y轴包括一根Y轴导轨4，Y轴导轨4两端分别与两根Z轴导轨3上的Z轴移动轮轴连接，Y轴导轨4上设有可移动平台和Y轴移动步进电机6，Y轴移动步进电机6控制平台轴向移动。 [0016] 1, 3D printing apparatus of the present invention is based on the sand supported GRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) by moving the article to realize the three axes positioning the printing object, wherein X-axis comprises two parallel set of X-axis rail 1, on each X-axis guide I have X-axis moving shaft 2 and the control X axis X axis stepper motor shaft 2 axially movable 7; Z axis includes a Z-axis set up two parallel rails 3, Each Z-axis guide 3 has a Z-axis guide rails 3, respectively, the two X-axis rail axles and control Z axis Z axis shaft axial movement of the Z axis stepper motor 5, two parallel set of X moving shaft is connected, axially movable along the X-axis guide rails; Y axis comprises a Y-axis guide 4, Y-axis guide 4, respectively, the two ends of the Z-axis Z-axis moving guides on the connecting shaft 3, Y-axis guide 4 provided with movable platform and Y axis stepper motor 6, Y axis stepper motor control platform 6 to move axially. X轴、Z轴的导轨连接及移动部位均为封闭式设计(图中未显示)，以防止流沙阻碍其正常的移动。 X-axis rail connections and moving parts of the Z-axis are closed design (not shown) to prevent sand hinder normal movement.
[0017] 可移动平台上分别安装浇筑机构和流沙支撑机构，其中浇筑机构包括集料箱13、出料泵11、出料口9、性能测定传感器12和设置在集料箱13内的振捣装置14，集料箱13与出料泵11输入口连接，出料泵11输出口连接出料口9，集料箱13和出料泵11连接控制计算机，性能测定传感器12安装在出料泵11的一侧并与连接控制计算机连接，用于检测玻璃纤维增强混凝土密实度和固化情况，并反馈数据至控制计算机以控制集料箱13中的振捣装置14和出料泵11运行。 Are mounted on the [0017] The movable platform pouring mechanism and quicksand support institutions, placement agencies, including aggregate tank 13, a feed pump 11, the discharge port 9, performance measurement sensor 12 and set up collection bins in 13 of the vibrator 14, collection tank 13 is connected with the material inlet pump 11, a feed pump 11 connected to the discharge outlet port 9, aggregate tank 13 and the feed pump 11 is connected to the control computer, performance measurement sensor 12 is mounted on a feed pump 11 side and connected to the connecting control computer, used to detect the density of glass fiber reinforced concrete and curing conditions, and feedback data to the control computer to control 14 and a discharge pump 11 run aggregate tank 13 of vibrating devices. 流沙支撑机构包括储沙罐15、设置在Y轴两侧2个流沙挤出口8、流量控制器10和激光传感器16，储沙罐15与流沙挤出口8连接，储沙罐15中流沙采用河沙、海沙、山沙等天然砂及各种人工砂；在储沙罐15与流沙挤出口8之间连接流量控制器10，流量控制器10连接控制计算机，用于控制流沙的流速；激光发传感器16在平行于地面方向向打印箱体罩17发射光波并反射回接，用以检测流沙的挤出，保证流沙平面的基本水平，以达到对打印中GRC制品的支撑要求；激光传感器16与控制计算机连接，采集的数据返回计算机用于监测流沙平面的高度，控制计算机控制流沙支撑系统的运行；计算机控制软件可设置打印过程中GRC制品高度与流沙平面高度的差距，由激光发传感器16来保证流沙平面与GRC构件平面保持一定差距，流沙平面不够高的地方经控制计算机补充流沙，直到达到规定平面高度。 Quicksand support mechanism includes a reservoir sand tank 15 is provided on both sides of the Y-axis 2 quicksand extrusion 8, flow controller 10 and laser sensors 16, 15 and the reservoir tank sand quicksand extrusion 8 is connected to the reservoir tank 15 sand using river sand sand, sand, sand and other natural sand hill and various artificial sand; sand in the reservoir tank 15 and the quicksand crowded 10, the flow controller 10 is connected to the control computer is connected between the outlet flow controller 8 for controlling the flow rate of quicksand; Laser Hair sensor 16 in a direction parallel to the ground box cover 17 to print and transmit light waves reflected back then, to detect quicksand of extrusion, to ensure a substantially horizontal plane of quicksand, in order to achieve printing support requirements of GRC products; Laser sensor 16 connected to the control computer, the data collected is used to return the computer to monitor the height of the plane of the quicksand, quicksand control computer controls the operation support system; computer control software can be set to print during the height of GRC products and quicksand plane height difference, made by a laser sensor 16 to ensure quicksand plane and plane GRC member to maintain a certain gap, sand plane high enough place via a control computer supplemented quicksand, until reaching a predetermined plane height. 3D打印装置三个坐标轴、浇筑机构和流沙支撑机构外设置有长方形的打印箱体罩17。 3D printing three axes means pouring outside agencies and quicksand support mechanism is provided with a rectangular box cover 17 print.
[0018] 本领域技术人员应当知道，上述激光传感器也可以采用红外线传感器等其他光波感应器。 [0018] skilled in the art will be appreciated, the laser sensor may also use other wave sensors infrared sensor and the like.
[0019] 本发明的工作过程为:计算机输出打印指令，3D打印装置通过三个坐标轴的移动带动浇筑机构，浇筑机构的出料泵11运行通过出料口9将GRC输出进行浇筑，性能测定传感器12实时检测已浇筑GRC的密实度和固化情况，并反馈数据到控制计算机，并且控制集料箱中的振捣装置14工作和出料泵11运行调整；浇筑机构进行浇筑工作的同时，流沙支撑机构的流沙挤出口8根据流量控制器10控制将储沙罐15中的流沙输出，对浇筑机构浇筑的GRC制品进行同步支撑，光传感器16通过向打印箱体罩17发射光波监测流沙平面的高度，并将采集的数据返回控制计算机，控制计算机通过控制流量控制器10对流沙的挤出速度进行控制，从而使流沙平面与GRC制品高度基本保持一致，进行实时支撑。 [0019] operation of the present invention are as follows: computer output print instructions, 3D printing apparatus by moving the three axes driven pouring mechanism, the feed pump 11 institutions run by pouring spout pouring 9 GRC output, performance measurement Real-time detection sensor 12 has been pouring GRC density and curing conditions, and the feedback data to the control computer and control aggregate tank vibrating means 14 jobs and a discharge pump 11 run adjustment; pouring casting agencies work, quicksand extrusion quicksand support mechanism 8 according to a flow controller 10 controls the storage tank 15 sand quicksand output, pouring mechanism for synchronizing pouring GRC products supported by the optical sensor 16 to print the box cover 17 emission monitoring quicksand plane waves height, and the collection of data return control computer, the control computer on the quicksand of extrusion speed is controlled by controlling the flow controller 10, so that the sand flat and GRC products height remained the same, real-time support.
[0020] 以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下还可以做出若干改进，这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。 [0020] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that those of ordinary skill in the art that, without departing from the principles of the present invention may be made under the premise of several improvements that also should be considered the scope of the present invention.
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