具体实施方式 detailed description

[0018] 以下结合附图，对本发明上述的和另外的技术特征和优点作更详细的说明。 [0018] The following accompanying drawings, the present invention described above and other features and advantages in more detail.

[0019] —种基于3D打印模型的骨骼固定板术前预成型的方法，包括以下步骤:获取人体CT扫描DIC0M数据；根据人体组织光密度值差异，利用开放式医学影像学软件完成骨骼数据获取并完成人体骨骼虚拟手术；输出STL格式至3D打印机进行打印，使用聚乳酸材料融纤增材的打印方式，获取骨骼模型；采用钛板预成型工具，依据模型完成骨骼固定板成型。 [0019] - kind of front fixing plate skeleton 3D print model surgery preformed based method, comprising the steps of: obtaining the body CT scan DIC0M data; based on human tissue optical density difference, using open medical imaging software to complete skeleton data acquisition and complete human skeleton virtual surgery; output to STL format 3D printer for printing, polylactic acid material printing mode fiber by melt material, get skeleton model; the use of titanium preform tools, according to the model of complete bone fixation plate molding.

[0020] 实施例: [0020] Example:

[0021] 步骤1:数据录入: [0021] Step 1: Data Entry:

[0022] 1.1数据采集:在医疗机构的放射科，采集患者的薄层CT或MRI检查所生成的医学数字成像标准数据，Digital imaging and communicat1ns in medicine,DICOM 3.0 数据； [0022] 1.1 Data Collection: In the medical radiology, medical digital imaging standard data acquisition thin-section CT or MRI of the patient being generated, Digital imaging and communicat1ns in medicine, DICOM 3.0 data;

[0023] 1.2数据的筛选: [0023] 1.2 Screening data:

[0024] 1.2.1由于扫描数据决定输出模型结果，本发明方法的最高输出精度是层厚0.1mm，因此建议CT或MRI扫描层厚<或=2mm ； [0024] 1.2.1 Since the scan data output decision model results, the maximum output accuracy of the present method is the thickness of 0.1mm, it is recommended that a CT or MRI slice thickness <or = 2mm;

[0025] 1.2.2通过模型研究发现，本发明方法最高打印精度为0.1mm,因此低于0.1mm的组织结构，例如鼻窦或鼻旁窦等结构研究不适用于本发明； [0025] 1.2.2 through model studies have found that the method of the present invention, the maximum printing resolution of 0.1mm, so the structure is less than 0.1mm, such as structural studies sinus or nasal sinuses and discomfort to the present invention;

[0026] 1.2.3由于本发明的打印布景范围为150X150X240mm，因此研究范畴应小于该体积； [0026] 1.2.3 Since the print setting scope of the present invention is 150X150X240mm, so the scope of the study should be less than the volume;

[0027] 1.3使用Mimics软件录入DIC0M数据:使用file栏的import images工具，打开收集到的DIC0M数据，根据患者病情或研究需要，勾选研究所需的DIC0M数据，完成数据输入，确认模型的三维立体方向，转化为研究模型。 [0027] 1.3 using Mimics software DIC0M data entry: Use the file import images tool bar, open DIC0M collected data, according to the condition or research needs of the patient, check DIC0M research data required to complete the data entry, confirm the three-dimensional model three-dimensional direction, into research model.

[0028] 步骤2:数据处理: [0028] Step 2: Data Processing:

[0029] 2.1制作骨骼数字模型: [0029] 2.1 Production skeleton model numbers:

[0030] 2.1.1阈值限定:根据Bone (CT)或Bone (MRI)灰度值阈值进行解剖结构划分。 [0030] 2.1.1 thresholds defined: (MRI) gray value threshold anatomical structure is divided according to Bone (CT) or Bone. 人体CT灰度值反应了物质对X线的衰减大小，水的灰度值定义为0，脂肪的CT值为-100，骨皮质密度为2000，因此以CT骨骼成像为例，选取bone scale范围，灰度值在226-3071之间。 The reaction of the human body CT value of the gray matter of the size of the X-ray attenuation, the value of the gray water is defined as 0, the CT value of -100 fat, cortical bone density is 2000, and therefore the bone CT imaging, for example, select the bone scale range gray values ​​between 226-3071. 而松质骨、皮质骨和牙齿等硬组织CT值范围可按照相关系数筛选，生成选定区域的蒙皮文件。 And cancellous bone, cortical bone and teeth and other hard tissue CT value range by the associated filter coefficients, generates files for the selected area of ​​the skin.

[0031] 2.1.2 3D运算:使用mimics等医学影像学软件完成图形的三维重建，鉴于本发明的3D打印数据输出精度通常高于数据录入精度，在quality中选择custom选项，根据模型需要对slices和smothing等选项进行设定，运算生成模型的数字三维结构。 [0031] 2.1.2 3D operation: Use mimics other medical imaging software to complete the reconstruction of three-dimensional graphics, 3D view of the print data output accuracy of the present invention is generally higher than the accuracy of data entry, select the custom option in quality, depending on the model needs to slices and smothing and other options set, an operation that generates a digital three-dimensional structure of the model.

[0032] 2.2模型区域限定: [0032] 2.2 model defined area:

[0033] 2.2.1三维空间限定:生成骨骼三维数字模型后，在软件的冠状位、水平位和矢状位三个窗口分别拖拉标尺，框选所研究的区域，同时反复运算节选后的蒙皮文件，生成新的三维数字模型。 [0033] 2.2.1 defined three-dimensional space: three-dimensional digital model generated skeleton, the software in the coronal, and sagittal level three windows were dragging ruler marquee area under study, while Mongolia after repeated operation excerpt Paper files, generate a new three-dimensional digital model.

[0034] 2.2.2组织结构分离:由于骨骼的三维结构具有不规则性，软件工具不能完全分离相关骨骼，因此必须根据骨骼外形进行进一步的模型分离。 [0034] 2.2.2 Separation Structure: Due to the three dimensional structure of the bone has an irregular, separate software tool does not know the relevant bones, and therefore must be further separated according to the model of the bone shape. 按照数据的冠状位、水平位和矢状位三个不同层面，进行相关骨骼的选取或去除，完成将要打印的骨骼与周围硬组织分离，生成新的蒙皮文件，再次完成三维重建运算，生成新的数字模型。 According to the data of coronal, and sagittal level at three different levels, carry out the selection or removal of the relevant bone, complete with bone hard tissue surrounding the separation will be printed, generate new skin file, complete reconstruction operation again, generating the new digital model.

[0035] 2.3模型打印前准备: [0035] 2.3 model printing preparation:

[0036] 2.3.1 STL文件输出:完成骨骼三维数字模型建立后，输出目标骨骼或组织的stl文件格式，保存到目的文件夹； [0036] 2.3.1 STL file output: After the completion of three-dimensional digital model of bone, bone or tissue target output stl file format, save it to the destination folder;

[0037] 2.3.2 STL文件转化:STL文件导入模型切片如图，例如Maker-bot公司的Makeware软件，设定打印模型的空间位置、旋转方向和缩放大小，避免调节模型的缩放功會泛。 [0037] 2.3.2 STL file conversion: STL file import model slices as shown, for example Maker-bot's Makeware software, setting the spatial position of the print model, direction of rotation and sizing, avoid adjusting the zoom function model will pan.

[0038] 2.3.2.1模型空间位置:设定为Move to Platform，将模型至于面板上可以减少支撑的打印，节省打印材料； [0038] 2.3.2.1 model space location: Set to Move to Platform, the model can be reduced on the panel as to support printing, saving printing material;

[0039] 2.3.2.2旋转方向:由于3D打印过程中在空间Z方向会生成模型支柱，同时Z方向打印精度最差，旋转模型减少支柱能够节省打印材料，提高打印精度。 [0039] 2.3.2.2 Direction of rotation: Due to 3D printing process in the space Z direction will generate a model pillar, while the Z-direction printing precision worst, rotate the model to reduce the strut can save printing materials to improve the printing accuracy.

[0040] 2.3.2.3缩放大小:为保证模型的精确性，模型应保持原有大小。 [0040] 2.3.2.3 zoom size: To ensure accuracy of the model, the model should maintain the original size.

[0041] 步骤3:模型打印: [0041] Step 3: Print Model:

[0042] 3.1硬件购置:使用现有熔纤打印机，例如美国Makerbot公司生产的thereplicator 2桌面打印机，及其配套的聚乳酸(PLA)打印材料。 [0042] 3.1 hardware acquisition: using existing Splice printer, such as a desktop printer thereplicator 2 US Makerbot production company, and supporting polylactic acid (PLA) printed material.

[0043] 3.2硬件安装:按照使用说明书将打印机安装在固定桌面上，避免晃动。 [0043] 3.2 Hardware Installation: accordance with the instructions to install the printer on a fixed table to avoid shaking. 连接电源，对打印机进行调平和测试。 Connect the power supply, the printer leveling test.

[0044] 3.3打印文件输入:使用数据线与计算机相连，安装usb端口后，应用makerware软件直接打印；或是输入x3g文件至SD卡，插入打印机选择From SD card脱机打印。 [0044] 3.3 Print File Input: use a data cable connected to the computer usb port after installation, application software makerware Direct Print; or enter x3g file to the SD card into the printer to select From SD card offline printing.

[0045] 3.4打印:打印面板安装保护膜，按照打印机说明书要求预热打印机至230°C (PLA材料的熔点)，添加PLA材料，应用融纤打印的方式，打印设计骨骼模型。 [0045] 3.4: Prints panel installation protective film printer according to the printer specification requirements preheated 230 ° C (melting point of PLA material), add PLA material, the application of melt fiber print mode, print design skeleton model.

[0046] 步骤4:模型后期处理: [0046] Step 4: Model of Recovery:

[0047] 4.1模型支柱处理:取出模型，应用机械力量去除多余的支柱结构，同时避免损伤模型本身。 [0047] 4.1 Model pillars: Remove model, application of mechanical force to remove excess pillar structure, while avoiding damage model itself. 在模型内部的支柱，可先用10%的NaOH溶液浸润30秒后再行机械去除。 In the model the internal pillars, first with a 10% NaOH solution infiltration 30 seconds before mechanically removed.

[0048] 4.2模型抛光处理:利用10%的NaOH溶液擦拭，化学溶解完成模型的表面抛光，自来水清洗；或是使用乙炔喷灯溶解模型表面PLA支柱残留。 [0048] 4.2 polished model: with a 10% NaOH solution to clean, complete chemical dissolution model surface polishing, cleaning water; acetylene torch or the mold surface dissolving PLA pillar residue.

[0049] 步骤5:植入体塑形技术: [0049] Step 5: The implant shaping technology:

[0050] 5.1利用制备的术后骨骼模型作为植入体预成型蓝本，按照手术需要植入部位，将植入体放置于模型表面，使用塑形夹固定； [0050] 5.1 Preparation of the skeleton model after use as implant preform modeled according to need surgical implant site, the implant is placed on the surface of the model, using the shaping clamp;

[0051] 5.2使用塑形夹，按照重要的骨骼解剖结构进行固定加压，并完成植入体xyz三个方向的调节塑形； [0051] 5.2 shaping clip, in accordance with important bony anatomy fixed pressure and complete implant xyz three directions of adjustment shaping;

[0052] 5.3固定过夜，解除植入体的金属记忆性。 [0052] 5.3 fixed overnight, releasing memory metal implant.