发明内容 SUMMARY

[0008] 本发明的目的在于，克服现有技术存在的技术缺陷，提供一种采用多种打印材料和多个打印头制作含有悬挑部位的建筑物的成型方法。 [0008] The object of the present invention is to overcome the technical drawbacks of the prior art, to provide a method of molding using a variety of printed materials and a plurality of printheads production building containing the cantilevered portion.

[0009] 本发明是运用如下技术方案来实现发明目的的: [0009] The present invention is the use of the following technical solutions to achieve the object of the invention:

[0010] 1)根据预打印的建筑物建立其三维CAD实体模型，针对其悬挑部分，生成相应的支撑结构； [0010] 1) the establishment of three-dimensional CAD solid model based on pre-printed building for its cantilevered portion to form the corresponding support structure;

[0011] 2)对包括支撑结构的三维CAD实体模型进行切片分层，获取每层的实体部分和支撑部分的结构信息和加工信息； [0011] 2) including three-dimensional CAD solid model of the support structure is sliced ​​layered structure to obtain information and process information on each of the solid portion and the support portion;

[0012] 3)实体部分的结构采用建筑材料成型； [0012] 3) the structure of entities forming part of the use of building materials;

[0013] 4)支撑部分的结构采用其它类材料成型； [0013] 4) structural support part using other types of molding materials;

[0014] 5)建筑物的打印过程与三维打印中的熔丝沉积制造工艺类似，均采取喷头挤出成型材料、逐层堆积而打印成型； Printing Process [0014] 5) of the building is similar to the three-dimensional printing fuse deposition manufacturing process, are taking head extrusion molding material, layer by layer stacking and printing molding;

[0015] 6)打印完成后再去除支撑材料，从而得到具有悬挑结构的建筑物。 [0015] 6) after printing is complete removal of the support material, thereby obtaining a building with a cantilevered structure.

[0016] 对于所述的实体结构的成型方法，其方法是:计算机控制打印喷头按照每一层的结构信息做设定的打印运动，并按照加工信息有选择性地挤出混凝土或石膏或其它建筑成型材料；在喷头挤出的过程中，通过喷洒速凝剂或反应溶剂或光固化剂进行快速固化或粘结反应，形成具有一定强度和厚度的实体层片。 [0016] The method for forming the structure of the entity, which is: computer-controlled print head according to the structure of each layer of information do print sports set, and in accordance with process information selectively extruded concrete or plaster or other building molding material; nozzle in the extrusion process, fast curing adhesive or by spraying the reaction accelerator or curing agent, or the reaction solvent to form a solid sheet having a layer of a certain thickness and strength.

[0017] 对于所述的支撑结构的成型方法，其方法是:计算机控制打印喷头按照每一层的结构信息做设定的打印运动，并按照加工信息有选择性地挤出塑料或其它容易去除的成型材料；在喷头挤出的过程中，通过对粉体塑料或块状塑料加热致其融化，利用螺杆或其他挤出机构使其挤出形成具有一定强度和厚度的支撑层片；所选的支撑材料与实体材料应容易剥离，且易回收，优选塑料类粉末材料作为支撑材；可以根据建筑物悬挑部位的结构设计多种形式的支撑结构，一般为斜梁式或垂直式或包裹式；为加快支撑部位的打印速度，也可采用多个打印头喷射支撑材料。 [0017] The method for forming the support structure, the method is: a computer-controlled print head according to the structure of each layer of information do print sports set, and in accordance with process information selectively extruded plastic or other easily removed molding material; extrusion nozzle in the process, by heating the powder plastic or plastic block caused the melt using a screw extruder or other organization it is extruded to form the support layer sheet has a certain strength and thickness; selected support material and solid material should peel off easily, and easy to recycle, preferably plastic powder material as a support material; according to building cantilevered forms part of the structural design of the support structure, generally vertical or oblique beam or package formula; supporting portion to accelerate the printing speed, the print head may also be a plurality of ejection support material.

[0018] 该方法所述的实体材料的打印喷头采用栗送和螺杆复合挤出方式，支撑材料的打印喷头采用电加热和螺杆复合挤出方式；实体材料和支撑材料的打印喷头的喷嘴孔径一般为1〜500mm，典型的喷孔直径为5〜100mm ;在打印每一层的过程中，如需要同时打印支撑材料和实体材料，一般要先打印支撑材料，后打印实体材料。 [0018] The method of the print head of the entity to send material using chestnut and screw compounding extruder way, the print head of the support material and using electric heating screw compounding extruder manner; nozzle diameter solid material and the support material is generally print head is 1~500mm, typical orifice diameter 5~100mm; each layer in the printing process, such as the need to print solid material and the support material, the support material is generally first printing, after printing solid material.

[0019] 在打印一些造型较为复杂的建筑物时，由于采用的混凝土或石膏等成型材料的固化或凝固时间较长，初期强度较弱，在悬挑部位的曲率变化比较大时，很容易出现垮塌，这时就需要采用较小的层厚，即打印层厚减小；而对于打印垂直墙面时，为减小打印时间，这时就需要采用较大的层厚，即打印层厚增加。 [0019] When print some more complex modeling of buildings, the use of concrete or gypsum molding material curing or solidification time is longer, the initial strength is weak, the cantilevered portion of the change in curvature is large, it is prone collapse, then you need to use a smaller thickness, that is, print thickness decreases; and for print vertical wall, to reduce the print time, then you need to use a larger thickness, which increases the thickness of print . 该方法称为变层厚切片方法。 This method is called method of varying the thickness of the slice. 在实施过程中，可以根据悬挑部位的曲率变化，采用变层厚切片方法，即曲率变化越大，其切片厚度约薄；在成型过程中，曲率变化越大的部位，实体材料和支撑材料所对应的打印喷头的材料输出量约小，其成型的厚度与计算机生成的切片厚度数值一致。 In the implementation process, according to changes in the curvature of the cantilever portion, with variable thickness of the slice method, namely the greater curvature change, about which a thin slice thickness; during the molding process, the greater the change in curvature of parts, material and physical support material material output corresponding to the print head is about the small, uniform slice thickness value of its molding thickness and computer-generated. 该变层厚切片方法可根据建筑物的实际需求灵活采用。 The variable slice thickness using the method can be flexibly according to the actual needs of the building. 一般情况下，建议在建筑物打印部位的曲率变化不大时，采用等层厚切片方法；变化较大时，采用变层厚切片方法。 Under normal circumstances, the proposed change in curvature when the building is not part of the print, using slice thickness and other methods; change is large, with variable thickness of the slice method. 两种方法柔性运用。 Flexible use both methods.

[0020] 有益效果:①在建筑CAD模型设计阶段，就针对悬挑部位的打印设计其适当的支撑结构；在打印过程中，采用多个打印头和多种成型材料，以保证悬挑部位的顺利成型。 [0020] The beneficial effects: ① in architectural CAD model design phase for the cantilevered portion of its print design suitable support structure; in the printing process, the use of multiple print heads and a variety of molding materials to ensure cantilevered portion smooth shape. ②支撑材料采用塑料类粉末材料，易去除，易回收，在打印完成后，待实体建筑材料达到其足够的强度时便可以拆除，后处理过程较为简单，制造成本低。 ② support material using plastic powder materials, easy to remove, easy recovery, after printing, can be reached entity supplies dismantle its sufficient strength, after the process is relatively simple, low manufacturing cost.

[0021] 本发明方法采用多种材料、多个喷头结合3D打印工艺，实现建筑物的悬挑部位的打印成型，工序简单、制造成本低、支撑材料可重复利用。 Method [0021] The present invention using a variety of materials, combined with a plurality of nozzles 3D printing process to achieve a building in cantilever parts forming print, simple process, low manufacturing cost, supporting materials can be reused. 本发明方法尤其适用于复杂结构的建筑物的打印成型，在景观雕塑、小型建筑、假山等此类的建筑物成型领域有着广泛的应用前景。 The method of the present invention is particularly suitable for complex building structure print molding, landscape sculpture, small buildings, rockery and other such buildings forming field has broad application prospects.

[0022] 附图说明:麻烦老师把图全部改成黑白色的. [0022] BRIEF DESCRIPTION: The teacher FIG trouble all into black and white.

[0023] 图1所示的是具有悬挑部位的建筑物3D打印成型方法示意图； As shown in [0023] FIG. 1 is a building with a cantilevered portion of the 3D printing method of forming a schematic view;

[0024] 图2所示的是具有悬挑部位的建筑物3D打印成型过程中的垂直支撑添加方法示意图； As shown in [0024] FIG. 2 is a building with a cantilevered portion of the 3D printing process of forming the vertical support adding methods schematic;

[0025] 图3所示的是具有悬挑部位的建筑物3D打印成型过程中的网格支撑添加方法示意图； As shown in [0025] FIG. 3 is a building with a cantilevered portion of the 3D printing process of forming a grid supported method of adding schematic;

[0026]图4所示的是具有悬挑部位的建筑物3D打印成型过程中的优化支撑添加方法示意图； As shown in [0026] FIG. 4 is a building with a cantilevered portion of the molding process of 3D printing optimization method for adding support schematic;

[0027] 图5所示的是具有悬挑部位的建筑物3D打印成型过程中的包裹支撑添加方法示意图。 As shown in [0027] FIG. 5 is a building with a cantilevered portion of the 3D printing process of forming a support package to add method Fig.

[0028] 以上的图中包括3D打印的建筑物1，变层厚切片中的厚切片2，变层厚切片中的薄切片3，喷头安装架4，实体材料喷头5，实体材料6，支撑材料喷头7，支撑材料8，打印的支撑9，支撑的基底10，打印的垂直型支撑91，打印的网格型支撑92，打印的优化型支撑93，打印的包裹型支撑94。 [0028] The above figures include the building of a 3D printing, variable thickness of the slice thickness of the slice 2, slice thickness becomes thin slices 3, the nozzle mount 4, solid material nozzle 5, 6 solid material, the support material nozzle 7, the support material 8, 9 print support, the support base 10, 91 of vertical support printing, print a grid-shaped support 92, optimized for printing support 93, 94 of coated printing support.