US1018413A - Flying-machine. - Google Patents

Description

0. L. DUNTGN.

1 FLYING MAGHINB.

AP'PLIUATION rILnn nl. 1o. 1911.

1,018,413. v patented Few?, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

O. L. DUNTON.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLIUATION FILED JAN. 1o, 1911.

Patented F6112?, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2'.

tained substantially uniform with relation to the body of the machine, regardless of the movement of the planes about their axes.

In rear of the main planes there is a pair of supplemental or rear planes H, each pref erably resembling in shape the main planes,

but of considerably smaller size, said supplemental planes being hin ed at their forward edges on substantial y horizontal axes or hinge bearings I. These hinged bearings are conveniently mountedv on a cross piece or transverse bearer K carried by the main frame, and in order that the rear planes 4may have-normally a slight angle with relation to each other, or converge downwardly,

the bearings are set at a. slight angle to each other, as will be understood from an inspection ofFig. 3. The rear or supplemental planes H are provided witl. vertical shafts l, from the ends of which braces H extend outwardly to the frame of the planes for bracing the same, and these shafts are preferably utilized as the means whereby the controlling attachments' or connections may be -made with the planes.

Although it is contemplated that under certain clrcumstances it may be necessary or, desirable to have manual control of the lanes which will enable them to be moved independently in the normal operation of the machine, it is designed that the control of the planesshall be interdependent and set on the shaft O with relation to cach other that the operator shall have the means at hand whereby he can, through the manipulation of the same handle, simultaneously 4set both the main and supplemental planes and at its lower'end with a cross head or T M2. Extending rearwardly from opposite ends ofthe cross lhead M2 are connect-ing ,rods or links N, which at their rear ends are jointed to crank arms Nf on the engine frameY or other suitable portion of the main frame, and in, addition 'to thecrank-arm N they carry;relativelyV long crank, arms .0

connected bv links-0 with themain planes,

and relatively short crank'arms l connected by rods or links P. with the upper ends of the brace shafts of the rear or supplemental planes. The crank arms 0.', and P are so that a rotation of the shaft in one direction will swing the main planes forwardly and the rear planes downwardly, while a lmovement of the shaft in the opposite direction will swing the main planes rearwardly and the supplemental planes upwardly. With the construction as described, therefore, the operator may,.by pulling directly backward on the operating lever, swing the main planes toward the front of the machine, and

turn the supplemental planes down and by pushing forwardly on the saidlever, all ot' said planes will be swung in the opposite direction, to wit:-the main planes rearwardly andthe supplemental planes upwardly.

By turning the operating lever in its bear in it is obvlous that the main plane on one si e may be swung in one direction andthe main plane on the other side in the opposite direction, but in such case the rear or sup Elemental planes on each side are moved as efore described with relation to the movement of the forward plane, that is to say, it one main plane is swung forwardly and the opposite main plane rearwardly, the supplemental plane of one side is swung down wardly, and that on the other side upwardly, respectively.

From the foregoing it will be readily seen that as the forward planes swing ahead of the center of gravity, the rear planes deflect downwardly and add to the surface of the sustaining power of the machine, so that the sustaining surface is still at the rear of the center of gravity. Furthermore, it will be seen that while the rear planes deflect downwardly from their neutral position so that their under surface becomes active, the angle of deflection does not equal that of the lorward planes. Abnormal movement of the rear planes such as may he necessary or dcsirablc for rising from the ground, is not provided for by the mechanism illustrated herein, nor is it thought that the mechanism for accomplishing these ends would add anything tothe clearness of the disclosure,

and hence the same has been omitted;

Vlith the arrangement described, when it. becomes necessary to steer the machine. to the right or left this may be accomplislicil `by moving the forward planes, one forwardly and the other backwardly. the rfnr planes at the same time correspondingly :uljusting themselves to keep the balance of the machine, and the machine will swing in the direction in which the center of gravity is forward of the sustaining center of the eral balance of the machine is maintained or restored without increasing the angle incident to the line of flight, as in other aeroplanes, as heretofore constructed, `and conseuently there is no dragon the machine to becounteracted by the opposite movement of a rudder, such as has heretofore been cmploycd,l butwhich may be entirely omitted with the present construction. For example.

main plane. By the same manipulation lating surface ontthe lower side in#v 'creased orrendered more effective',` an`d= thewardly. At the same time the rear plane on,

the hi h side is deflected upwardly and that on the -l'ow side downwardly. --The' sustainforward planes arel set so as" totiirnvt-lie Vmachine in the direction which will cause-it to right itself and swing into`the wind. f

lIVhat I 4claimis:

1. In an airship of the aeroplane type, the' combination with oppositely' disposed -main sustaining planes supported on a-xesat their inner ends to .swing in substantially the plane of their sustaining surfaces, whereby the center of sustaining pressure may be moved toward the front or rear with respect to the center of gravity of the machine, of

a pair of supplemental" lanes in rear of thc main planes hinge 'on substantially horizontal axes, and connections whereby the supplemental, planes are swung `verti, cally in accordance with the front' and-rear?.

ward movements'of the main planes.

2. In an airship-of the aeroplaneftype," the combination with them'ain planes hinged'o'n v substantially vertical 'axes to swing substantially horizontally toward the front orrear of the machine, of supplemental orl rear planes hinged on substantially horizontal axes, and connections between the front and rear planes on each side of the machine, whereby the rear planes are deiiected vertically in unison with the substantially hori-.

` zontal movement of the main planes.

3. In an airship' of the aeroplane type, the combination with the frontplanes plvoted on substantially vertical axes'- and movable toward the front or rear to shift the center of sustaining pressure to the front or rear with respect to the center of gravity of the machine, of a pair of rear planes'munted on substantially horizontal axes 'to swing vertically, and connections between the front and rear planes on the same side of the inachine, whereby their movements are correlated..

4. In an ail-ship of the aeroplane type, the combination with the downwardly converging sustaining planes mounted -on axes at their proximate ends arranged-.at substantially right angles to the planel of their sustaining surfaces, and means for swinging said-planes on said axes to shift the center of sustaining pressure with respect to the center of gravityof themachine, of supplemental planes on each side of the machine supplemental' planes -frame at to .mounted on' substantially horizontal axes, -and'connections intermediate sald supplementalplanes and main planes, whereby, as the main planes are moved forwardly, the are swung downwardly and viceversa.'

5. In ,an airship of the aeroplane type, the combination with the downwardly converging main planes mounted on axes at 'their proximate ends located substantially at right angles tothe plane of their sustaining surfaces, independent crank shafts connected with said planes for swinging the same toward the front orirear, a 'cont-rol lever connect'ed with both of'said crank Vshafts and i movable to shift said'planes simultaneously inthe same direction or simultaneously in opposite directions, ofsupplemental planes pivoted on substantially horizontal axes, and

connections lintermediate said* 'supplemental planes and crank shafts, whereby the sup- .plemental planes will be deflected vertically 1n accord with the movements of the main planes toward the Afrontand rear.

6. 'In an airshi of t-he aeroplane type, the

'combination wit `the main frame, of the main planes projecting from opposite sides thereof, supporting shafts on which said main planes are -mounted'journaled in the 'andbottom respectively, braces extending from 'the top` and bottom of said shafts outwardly. to the respective planes, and a control lever connected with said planes for moving 'the same simultaneously in the opposite or inthe same dircction, 'of supplemental planes journaled at v their inner ends in the frame on substan tially horizontal-axes, and controlled connec'tlons between said supplement-al planes and lever. c

7 In an airship of the aeroplane type, the combination with the main and supplemen tal planes, converging downwardlyl 1n their proximate ends, substantially vert-ical supporting shafts on which the'main planes are mounted, and'hinged bearings for the rear planes havingy axes' substantially in -lne with the supporting 'surfaces of the'planes, a control level-. v movable in two directions, and operatin connections intermediate said lever and a movement of the lever in'on'edirection all of' the planes willbe simultaneousl movedf to effect a chan Vinelev'ation and ya moveof' the planes, whereby' by ment ofthe ever in .the other direction the planes will b e shifted to, restore lateral balancleptr guide the machine toward the right or e v oRRvILL L.' DN'roN. f

. iWitnesses:

.W. H. PRITGHARD,

n T. Parure.

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